Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 91 - 116 of 116
Full-Text Articles in Education
The ‘Copy And Paste’ Function, Patterns Of Learner Activity And Enhancing Cognitive Tools, M. Morgan, G. Brickell, Barry Harper
The ‘Copy And Paste’ Function, Patterns Of Learner Activity And Enhancing Cognitive Tools, M. Morgan, G. Brickell, Barry Harper
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
This research analyses video data to examine changes between levels of process of textbased content of learners using two versions of the ‘Copy and Paste’ function, an unmodified control version and an experimental version with an embedded interaction strategy designed to prompt learners to process more content effectively. Observed learner activity types were categorized as involving Low, Medium or High levels of cognitive processing and the pattern of learner switching between these levels is examined. The conclusions drawn from this analysis indicate that learners not only need mediating artifacts that prompt them to use appropriate processing strategies but that they …
Can Creative Engagement Be Taught: Walking The Talk, B. Mckenzie
Can Creative Engagement Be Taught: Walking The Talk, B. Mckenzie
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
How can we encourage classroom teachers to view their classrooms as creative spaces? To understand that in order to foster and develop creativity and enhance engagement in the children within that space they may be required to shift gears and both’ be’ and do things differently? How indeed- when the teaching examples and pedagogical practices provided for them by university educators are most often sadly lacking in both creativity and engagement. Researchers assert that many education courses lack cohesion and in fact hinder pre-service teacher development and understanding. Fostering a culture of creative engagement within any classroom requires the development …
The "Ebm Movement": Where Did It Come From, Where Is It Going, And Why Does It Matter?, Wendy Lipworth, Stacy M. Carter, Ian Kerridge
The "Ebm Movement": Where Did It Come From, Where Is It Going, And Why Does It Matter?, Wendy Lipworth, Stacy M. Carter, Ian Kerridge
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Evidence‐Based Medicine (EBM) has now been part of the dominant medical paradigm for 15 years, and has been frequently debated and progressively modified. One question about EBM that has not yet been considered systematically, and is now particularly timely, is the question of the novelty, or otherwise, of the principles and practices of EBM. We argue that answering this question, and the related question of whether EBM‐type principles and practices are unique to medicine, sheds new light on EBM and has practical implications for those involved in all EBM. This is because one's answer to the question (whether explicit or …
F. Christie & J.R. Martin (Eds), Language, Knowledge And Pedagogy: Functional Linguistic And Sociological Perspectives, Pauline Jones
F. Christie & J.R. Martin (Eds), Language, Knowledge And Pedagogy: Functional Linguistic And Sociological Perspectives, Pauline Jones
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Arising from the productive dialogue between systemic functional linguistics and sociology begun earlier by Michael Halliday (1995), Basil Bernstein (1990) and Ruqaiya Hasan (1999), this edited volume is concerned with the nature of knowledge. Readers familiar with Bernstein's sociological theory will know the trajectory of his work from its early emphasis on code, through classification and framing of curriculum to his later interest in the structuring of knowledge. Throughout, his interest in the relationship between social relations and semiotic practice is evident as he attended firstly to the form taken by pedagogic discourse (the relay) and then later to the …
Investigation Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (Gaba) A Receptors Genes And Migraine Susceptibility, Francesca Fernandez, Teresa Esposito, Rod Lea, Natalie Colson, Alfredo Ciccodicola, Fernando Gianfrancesco, Lyn Griffiths
Investigation Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (Gaba) A Receptors Genes And Migraine Susceptibility, Francesca Fernandez, Teresa Esposito, Rod Lea, Natalie Colson, Alfredo Ciccodicola, Fernando Gianfrancesco, Lyn Griffiths
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
BACKGROUND: Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of severe headache, affecting around 12% of Caucasian populations. It is well known that migraine has a strong genetic component, although the number and type of genes involved is still unclear. Prior linkage studies have reported mapping of a migraine gene to chromosome Xq 24-28, a region containing a cluster of genes for GABA A receptors (GABRE, GABRA3, GABRQ), which are potential candidate genes for migraine. The GABA neurotransmitter has been implicated in migraine pathophysiology previously; however its exact role has not yet been established, although GABA receptors agonists have …
Dietary Electrolytes Are Related To Mood, Susan Torres, Caryl Nowson, Anthony Worsley
Dietary Electrolytes Are Related To Mood, Susan Torres, Caryl Nowson, Anthony Worsley
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Dietary therapies are routinely recommended to reduce disease risk; however, there is concern they may adversely affect mood. We compared the effect on mood of a low-sodium, high-potassium diet (LNAHK) and a high-calcium diet (HC) with a moderate-sodium, high-potassium, high-calcium Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-type diet (OD). We also assessed the relationship between dietary electrolytes and cortisol, a stress hormone and marker of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity. In a crossover design, subjects were randomized to two diets for 4 weeks, the OD and either LNAHK or HC, each preceded by a 2-week control diet (CD). Dietary compliance was assessed …
Large Manual Pointing Errors, But Accurate Verbal Reports, For Indications Of Target Azimuth, John W. Philbeck, Jesse Sargent, Joeanna C. Arthur, Stephen Dopkins
Large Manual Pointing Errors, But Accurate Verbal Reports, For Indications Of Target Azimuth, John W. Philbeck, Jesse Sargent, Joeanna C. Arthur, Stephen Dopkins
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Many tasks have been used to probe human directional knowledge, but relatively little is known about the comparative merits of different means of indicating target azimuth. Few studies have compared action-based versus non-action-based judgments for targets encircling the observer. This comparison promises to illuminate not only the perception of azimuths in the front and rear hemispaces, but also the frames of reference underlying various azimuth judgments, and ultimately their neural underpinnings. We compared a response in which participants aimed a pointer at a nearby target, with verbal azimuth estimates. Target locations were distributed between 20° and 340°. Non-visual pointing responses …
Exploring Pupils' Views Of Primary School In Year 5, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Rebecca Smees, Edward Melhuish
Exploring Pupils' Views Of Primary School In Year 5, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Rebecca Smees, Edward Melhuish
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
A range of information about pupils' self-perceptions and views of their primary school were collected as part of the EPPE 3-11 Project. In Year 5, the 'All About Me and My School' questionnaire included information about pupils' views of their primary school. A range of statistical methods has been used to investigate results for 2,528 pupils for whom at least one pupils' views of primary school outcome measure was collected in Year 5. Three measures of pupils' views of primary school were identified from exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaire data and these measures have been further analysed …
The Impact Of Sure Start Local Programmes On Three Year Olds And Their Families, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky, Alastair H. Leyland, Angela Anning, Zarrina Kurtz, Jane Tunstill, Mog Ball, Pamela Meadows, Jacqueline Barnes, Martin Frost, Beverley Botting
The Impact Of Sure Start Local Programmes On Three Year Olds And Their Families, Edward Melhuish, Jay Belsky, Alastair H. Leyland, Angela Anning, Zarrina Kurtz, Jane Tunstill, Mog Ball, Pamela Meadows, Jacqueline Barnes, Martin Frost, Beverley Botting
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Sure Start Local Programmes (SSLPs), now Sure Start Children's Centres, aim to support young children and their families by integrating early education, childcare, healthcare and family support services in disadvantaged areas. The programmes aim to improve the health and well-being of families and young children, so that the children will have a greater opportunity to do well in school and later in life. This study investigates child and family functioning in over 9000 families in 150 SSLP areas, and makes comparisons with children and families in similarly disadvantaged areas not having a SSLP in order to evaluate whether there are …
Does The Detection Of Hepatitis C Match The Distribution Of Methadone Prescriptions And Multiple Deprivation In Scotland?, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Robin Flowerdew, P J. Boyle, J F. Dillon
Does The Detection Of Hepatitis C Match The Distribution Of Methadone Prescriptions And Multiple Deprivation In Scotland?, Thomas E. Astell-Burt, Robin Flowerdew, P J. Boyle, J F. Dillon
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Abstract presented at the British Society of Gastroenterology Annual General Meeting, 10-13 March 2008, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Defining 'Environmental Migration', Olivia V. Dun, Francois Gemenne
Defining 'Environmental Migration', Olivia V. Dun, Francois Gemenne
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
There is currently no consensus on definitions in this field of study. The resulting variety of terms is not just confusing but unhelpful.
Tracking Pupil Mobility Over The Pre-School And Primary School Period: Evidence From Eppe 3-11, Edward Melhuish, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Brenda Taggart, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Stephen Hunt, Sofka Barreau, Wesley Welcomme
Tracking Pupil Mobility Over The Pre-School And Primary School Period: Evidence From Eppe 3-11, Edward Melhuish, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Brenda Taggart, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Stephen Hunt, Sofka Barreau, Wesley Welcomme
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This report describes the 'tracking' of the EPPE 3-11 sample and then goes on to examine the possible influence of mobility on children's cognitive progress and social/behavioural development over both the pre-school and primary school period. The EPPE 3-11 project recruited children from 141 pre-school settings in six English Local Authorities (LAs) at the age of 3+. The project then followed these children through their primary school careers until the end of KS2 in primary school (Year 6, age 11). By this point the children were attending over 900 primary schools in over 100 English LAs. Tracking the sample has …
Influences On Children's Attainment And Progress In Key Stage 2: Social/Behavioural Outcomes In Year 6, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Helena Jelicic
Influences On Children's Attainment And Progress In Key Stage 2: Social/Behavioural Outcomes In Year 6, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Helena Jelicic
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This report describes the results of analyses on children's social/behavioural outcomes at the end of Key Stage 2 (11 years old) and investigates social/behavioural development across Key Stage 2 (from Year 2 to Year 6).
Research And Policy In Developing An Early Years' Initiative: The Case Of Sure Start, Jay Belsky, Edward Melhuish, Jacqueline Barnes
Research And Policy In Developing An Early Years' Initiative: The Case Of Sure Start, Jay Belsky, Edward Melhuish, Jacqueline Barnes
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The British government's wish to eliminate the cycle of disadvantage for children from poor families led to Sure Start. The initiative set up 260 Sure Start Local Programmes (SSLPs) by 2001, which were expanded to 524 programmes within 2 years. SSLPs aimed to enhance the health and development of children under four and their families in deprived communities. SSLPs were area-based, with all children under four and their families in an area being eligible. This allowed efficient delivery of services without stigmatisation. SSLPs did not have a prescribed "protocol" of services. Instead, each SSLP had autonomy to improve and create …
Influences On Children's Cognitive And Social Development In Year 6, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Stephen Hunt, Helena Jelicic
Influences On Children's Cognitive And Social Development In Year 6, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Stephen Hunt, Helena Jelicic
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The Effective Pre-School and Primary Education 3-11 project (EPPE 3-11) investigates the impact of background factors, pre-school and school experiences on a national sample of young children in England between the ages of 3 and 11 years. This Research Brief focuses on the relationships between various child, family, home, pre-school and primary school characteristics and children's subsequent cognitive (English and Mathematics) and social/behavioural outcomes ('Self-regulation', 'Pro-social' behaviour, 'Hyperactivity' and 'Anti-social' behaviour) at age 11 in Year 6 of primary school. It also investigates children's academic and developmental progress across Key Stage 2 (between Year 2 and Year 6). The brief …
Keep Them In School: The Importance Of Education As A Protective Factor Against Hiv Infection Among Young South African Women, Audrey Pettifor, Brooke Levandowski, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Nancy S. Padian, Myron Cohen, Helen Rees
Keep Them In School: The Importance Of Education As A Protective Factor Against Hiv Infection Among Young South African Women, Audrey Pettifor, Brooke Levandowski, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Nancy S. Padian, Myron Cohen, Helen Rees
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Objective To identify risk factors for HIV infection among young women aged 15-24 years reporting one lifetime partner in South Africa. Design In 2003, we conducted a nationally representative household survey of sexual behaviour and HIV testing among 11 904 young people aged 15-24 years in South Africa. This analysis focuses on the subset of sexually experienced young women with only one reported lifetime sex partner (n = 1708). Methods Using the proximate determinants framework and the published literature we identified factors associated with HIV in young women. The associations between these factors and HIV infection were explored in multivariable …
Initial Severity And Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis Of Data Submitted To The Food And Drug Administration, Irving Kirsch, Brett J. Deacon, Tania B. Huedo-Medina, Alan Scoboria, Thomas J. Moore, Blair T. Johnson
Initial Severity And Antidepressant Benefits: A Meta-Analysis Of Data Submitted To The Food And Drug Administration, Irving Kirsch, Brett J. Deacon, Tania B. Huedo-Medina, Alan Scoboria, Thomas J. Moore, Blair T. Johnson
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background: Meta-analyses of antidepressant medications have reported only modest benefits over placebo treatment, and when unpublished trial data are included, the benefit falls below accepted criteria for clinical significance. Yet, the efficacy of the antidepressants may also depend on the severity of initial depression scores. The purpose of this analysis is to establish the relation of baseline severity and antidepressant efficacy using a relevant dataset of published and unpublished clinical trials. Methods and Findings: We obtained data on all clinical trials submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the licensing of the four new-generation antidepressants for which …
"They All Work...When You Stick To Them": A Qualitative Investigation Of Dieting, Weight Loss, And Physical Exercise, In Obese Individuals, Samantha L. Thomas, Jim Hyde, Asuntha Karunaratne, Rick Kausman, Paul Komesaroff
"They All Work...When You Stick To Them": A Qualitative Investigation Of Dieting, Weight Loss, And Physical Exercise, In Obese Individuals, Samantha L. Thomas, Jim Hyde, Asuntha Karunaratne, Rick Kausman, Paul Komesaroff
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background To explore the extent to which people living with obesity have attempted to lose weight, their attitudes towards dieting, physical exercise and weight loss solutions, why their weight loss attempts have failed, and their opinions about what would be most beneficial to them in their struggle with their weight. Method Qualitative study, using open-ended interviews, of 76 people living with obesity in Victoria, Australia in 2006/7. Individuals with a BMI of 30 or over were recruited using articles in local newspapers, convenience sampling, and at a later stage purposive sampling techniques to diversify the sample. Data analysis was conducted …
The Big Fish Strikes Again But In A Different Place: Social Comparison Theory And Children With Special Needs, Roselyn May Dixon, Marjorie Seaton, Robert John Dixon
The Big Fish Strikes Again But In A Different Place: Social Comparison Theory And Children With Special Needs, Roselyn May Dixon, Marjorie Seaton, Robert John Dixon
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This paper will address the implications of Big-Fish Little Pond Effect (BFLPE) and social comparison theory and school placement of students with special needs. It made use of the PISA data base to determine if type of educational placement had an impact on the academic self-concept with children with special needs. Multiple regression techniques were used to delineate the relationships.
Exploring The Contribution Of Play To Social Capital In Institutional Adult Learning Settings, Pauline J. Harris, John Daley
Exploring The Contribution Of Play To Social Capital In Institutional Adult Learning Settings, Pauline J. Harris, John Daley
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
This paper explores how play as an educational tool can enhance social capital for adult learners in institutional settings. Framed by conceptualisations of social capital (Putnam 1993, 2000) and play (Melamed 1987, Meares 2005, Vygotsky 1978) and supported by research literature on play in adult learning, our action research in our adult education classes focuses on cooperative forms of play in which pretend, role-play, improvisation, playful activities and a playful mindset were key components. We investigate these play experiences in terms of their implications for nurturing adult learners’ social capital. Our preliminary findings to date reveal that play contributes to …
Welcome To Wollongong: Community Action Project, Peter M. Kell, Virginie H. Schmelitschek, Ann-Maree Smith, Gillian J. Vogl
Welcome To Wollongong: Community Action Project, Peter M. Kell, Virginie H. Schmelitschek, Ann-Maree Smith, Gillian J. Vogl
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
This paper reports on a community action project that was developed by a community committee to assist international students to feel more welcome in Wollongong. Research with international students carried out since 2005 by Peter Kell and Gillian Vogl found that international students who were well connected to their communities experienced greater well being and performed better academically. In 2006 a community working group was formed comprising staff and students from different sectors at the University of Wollongong; representatives from Wollongong City Council; the local business chamber; local businesses, Illawarra Ethnic Communities Council and Illawarra TAFE. The Welcome to Wollongong …
The Adaptation Of Chinese International Students To Online Flexible Learning: Two Case Studies, Tsai-Hung Chen, S. Bennett, Karl A. Maton
The Adaptation Of Chinese International Students To Online Flexible Learning: Two Case Studies, Tsai-Hung Chen, S. Bennett, Karl A. Maton
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
The cross-cultural experiences of Chinese international students in Western countries have been subject to intensive research, but only a very small number of studies have considered how these students adapt to learning in an online flexible delivery environment. Guided by Berry’s (1980, 2005) acculturation frameworks, the investigation discussed in this paper aims to address this gap by exploring the adaptation processes of Chinese international students to online learning at an Australian university. This paper reports on the challenges perceived by two students from Mainland China, their coping strategies, changes in their opinions of online learning, and their respective patterns of …
Evoking Desire...And Irreverence: A Collection Of Women Writing Women, Women Writing Women Collective
Evoking Desire...And Irreverence: A Collection Of Women Writing Women, Women Writing Women Collective
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
We draw from the diverse life experiences of women who have supported their academic and life journeys through membership in the Women Writing Women (WWW) collective. We come from diverse backgrounds in curriculum, new media studies, drama, english, art, science, creative writing, elementary, secondary, higher and adult education, and bring these multiple perspectives to our monthly dialogues. We explore how writing can evoke desire, longing, fear, reverence, irreverence, joy and awe rather than merely represent. The community offers an emergent space for these deeply personal, yet public explorations into meaning-making. We share personal stories, perform writing, dialogue on the evolution …
Elastic Practice In Academic Developers, Anna L. Carew, Geraldine E. Lefoe, M. Bell, L. Armour
Elastic Practice In Academic Developers, Anna L. Carew, Geraldine E. Lefoe, M. Bell, L. Armour
Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers
The academic developer’s role is the focus of a growing body of literature. This paper builds the literature by arguing the importance to our current practice of making our theoretical underpinnings explicit. We excise and describe fragments of practice from the work of individual academic developers in order to discuss and consider the relationship between particular theories of academic development and particular approaches that these theories support. The three fragments of academic development practice we detail are related to reflective practice, collegiality and the scholarship of teaching. We also provide a fourth, more fulsome description of an approach to illustrate …
Reframing Quality And Impact: The Place Of Theory In Education Research, Jan Wright
Reframing Quality And Impact: The Place Of Theory In Education Research, Jan Wright
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
The various research assessment exercises in UK, New Zealand and now Australia have motivated discussions around the nature of ‘quality’ and the purpose of educational research. To a certain extent this is also a discussion about theory, although the word is unlikely to be mentioned, in that terms such as ‘value free’, ‘neutral’, ‘critical’, ‘practical’, ‘transformational’, ‘evidence-based’ all invoke particular ontological and/or epistemological positions, that are and can be contested. One of the questions educational researchers face in the context of such exercises, though again implicit, is what value is attributed to robust theoretically informed research and which theoretical positions …
Culturally-Responsive Mathematics Pedagogy Through Complexivist Thinking, Wendy S. Nielsen, Cynthia Nicol, Jenipher Owuor
Culturally-Responsive Mathematics Pedagogy Through Complexivist Thinking, Wendy S. Nielsen, Cynthia Nicol, Jenipher Owuor
Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)
This paper uses a complexity lens to consider the pedagogical project of culturally responsive mathematics. Need for new and different theoretical perspectives for Aboriginal education arise from chronic underachievement among Canada’s Aboriginal students. Culturally responsive mathematics pedagogy as a complex learning system allows a different view into the interrelationships and necessary conditions between culture, education and society, a view that aims to open new possibility for curriculum development, Aboriginal schooling and cultural renewal, while ensuring success for students.