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Special Education and Teaching

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2012

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Women, Education & The Diaspora, Dr Williams Emeka Obiozor Nov 2012

Women, Education & The Diaspora, Dr Williams Emeka Obiozor

Dr Williams Emeka Obiozor

Educating the woman is a challenge to many governments in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria where successive governments have made efforts to promote and support women education and bridging the gender gap in the education, labor and economic sector. This position paper examined issues and challenges of women regarding education and the Diaspora: An experience coming from a Nigerian-American who spent more than a decade living and working in the United States of America. Motivations for leaving an individuals’ homeland are as varied as the immigrants themselves, especially women who leave for opportunity, some for adventure, education, marriage and some to …


Perceptions And Experiences Of Adolescent Students With Disabilities Regarding "Flextime" In A Response To Intervention Model, Julie G. Daye Nov 2012

Perceptions And Experiences Of Adolescent Students With Disabilities Regarding "Flextime" In A Response To Intervention Model, Julie G. Daye

Theses and Dissertations

Attitudes of Adolescent Students with Disabilities Regarding "Flextime" in a Response to Intervention Model Julie Daye Department of Counseling Psychology and Special Education, BYU Educational Specialist in School Psychology One of the stumbling blocks to implementing Response to Intervention (RTI) in a secondary school is finding time for students to receive second level instruction. Evidence of effective implementation of RTI in elementary schools is more prevalent than in secondary schools. There is limited information on how to restructure school time and other resources in order to successfully implement RTI in secondary schools. Evidence is also limited regarding the impact of …


Effectiveness Of Peer Interventions To Develop Appropriate Communication Skills In Children With Autism, Meghan Draper Nov 2012

Effectiveness Of Peer Interventions To Develop Appropriate Communication Skills In Children With Autism, Meghan Draper

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to determine which type of social intervention is more efficient when comparing Peer Video Modeling and Peer Tutoring when attempting to decrease inappropriate social behaviors. Three children were chosen because they each displayed a lack of eye contact, inappropriate verbal responses, or avoidance of a response during free play sessions with their peers in the inclusionary prekindergarten classroom. Baseline data collection was held for a three-day period. A personalized peer modeling video was made for Students A and C. For Students B and C, personalized trained peers were paired. These interventions were implemented with …


Examining Interrater Agreement Analyses Of A Pilot Special Education Observation Tool, Evelyn S. Johnson, Carrie L. Semmelroth Nov 2012

Examining Interrater Agreement Analyses Of A Pilot Special Education Observation Tool, Evelyn S. Johnson, Carrie L. Semmelroth

Early and Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper reports the results of interrater agreement analyses on a pilot special education teacher evaluation instrument, the Recognizing Effective Special Education Teachers (RESET) Observation Tool (OT). Using evidence-based instructional practices as the basis for the evaluation, the RESET OT is designed for the spectrum of different instructional needs found within special education classrooms. The RESET OT informs what Danielson (2011) maintains are the two features of a teacher evaluation system 1) ensuring teacher quality and 2) promoting professional development. In June 2012, six special education teachers participated in a data coding session using the pilot RESET OT to evaluate …


The Perspectives Of Professionals And Parents On Inclusion In Head Start Programs, Thuy Nguyen, Margaret Hughes Nov 2012

The Perspectives Of Professionals And Parents On Inclusion In Head Start Programs, Thuy Nguyen, Margaret Hughes

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

This study examined the perspectives of professionals and parents on part-time inclusive preschool Head Start programs that included both children with and without disabilities. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to examine parent and teacher perspectives of inclusion on the developmental outcomes of all children and (b) to investigate their perspectives on what constitutes a high quality inclusive program. Thirty Head Start and Early Childhood Special Education preschool teachers, as well as 30 parents of children with and without disabilities participated in this study. The major findings indicated that both parents and teachers strongly agreed that all children …


The Effectiveness Of Learning Geography Using Computer-Based Games, Jerry Prell, William R. Nelson, John Foshay Nov 2012

The Effectiveness Of Learning Geography Using Computer-Based Games, Jerry Prell, William R. Nelson, John Foshay

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Eighty, seventh grade students attending a suburban middle school in southern Connecticut participated in the study evaluating the effectiveness of computer based geography games on student motivation and achievement. Using Connecticut Mastery Test (CMT) Scores and baseline U.S.A scores as criteria to develop matched pairs, students were divided so that the control group played Sheppardsoftware.com’s States Level 3 and the experimental group played States Level 6. According to the data collected, States Level 3 and States Level 6 are significantly effective instructional tools that students enjoyed playing. CMT scores in spatial reasoning did not prove strong predictors of students’ performance …


Perceptions Of Supportive Leadership Behaviors Of School Site Administrators For Secondary Special Education Teachers, Erin Roderick, Adrian Jung Nov 2012

Perceptions Of Supportive Leadership Behaviors Of School Site Administrators For Secondary Special Education Teachers, Erin Roderick, Adrian Jung

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

School administrators fall short of supporting special education teachers due to a lack of knowledge of and experience in special education. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare leadership behaviors perceived as supportive by special education teachers and school site administrators. Data collection involved a survey instrument with 52 leadership behaviors from four domains: emotional, instructional, instrumental, and technical. The survey was sent via email to 200 participants who were previously identified as either special education teachers or school site administrators from secondary schools, grades 6-12, and 95 surveys were completed and used for data analysis. The …


The Effects Of Direct Instruction Flashcards And Rewards With Math Facts At School And In The Home: Acquisition And Maintenance, Zennetta Mann, T.F. Mclaughlin, Randy Lee Williams, K. Mark Derby, Mary Everson Nov 2012

The Effects Of Direct Instruction Flashcards And Rewards With Math Facts At School And In The Home: Acquisition And Maintenance, Zennetta Mann, T.F. Mclaughlin, Randy Lee Williams, K. Mark Derby, Mary Everson

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Direct Instruction (DI) flashcard procedure, combined with strategies and rewards on multiplication fact accuracy of two elementary school-age students. A single subject replication design across three and four sets of multiplication facts was used to evaluate outcomes. The results indicated improvement in math performance for each participant. Follow-up data indicated maintenance of treatment effects over time. Finally, pre and posttest outcomes found generalization to correct writing of math facts for each participant. The benefits of employing DI flashcards in a resource room or home were discussed.


Examining Interrater Agreement Analyses Of A Pilot Special Education Observation Tool, Evelyn S. Johnson, Carrie L. Semmelroth Nov 2012

Examining Interrater Agreement Analyses Of A Pilot Special Education Observation Tool, Evelyn S. Johnson, Carrie L. Semmelroth

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

This paper reports the results of interrater agreement analyses on a pilot special education teacher evaluation instrument, the Recognizing Effective Special Education Teachers (RESET) Observation Tool (OT). Using evidence-based instructional practices as the basis for the evaluation, the RESET OT is designed for the spectrum of different instructional needs found within special education classrooms. The RESET OT informs what Danielson (2011) maintains are the two features of a teacher evaluation system 1) ensuring teacher quality and 2) promoting professional development. In June 2012, six special education teachers participated in a data coding session using the pilot RESET OT to evaluate …


Barriers To Full Participation In The Individualized Education Program For Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Parents, Arpi Tamzarian, Holly M. Menzies, Leila Ricci Nov 2012

Barriers To Full Participation In The Individualized Education Program For Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Parents, Arpi Tamzarian, Holly M. Menzies, Leila Ricci

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (2004) mandates that schools facilitate parent participation in planning the Individual Education Program (IEP). However, culturally and linguistically diverse parents are less likely to feel fully included in the IEP process. In this article we examine three sources of cross-cultural communication difficulties: verbal and non-verbal communication styles, bureaucratic procedures, and cultural assumptions about disability and intervention. We conclude by suggesting schools use an empathetic approach to improve communication in the IEP process.


A Literature Review Of Implementing Response To Intervention For English Language Learners, Eunjeong Choi, Kevin Oh, Sung Moon Yoon, Sunggye Hong Nov 2012

A Literature Review Of Implementing Response To Intervention For English Language Learners, Eunjeong Choi, Kevin Oh, Sung Moon Yoon, Sunggye Hong

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Response to intervention (RTI) has actively been used for identifying reading difficulties and providing supplemental instructions for students with disabilities. Recent developments of RTI show that the method expands its applicability to other areas and populations. In particular, it is difficult to distinguish learning disability (LD) from English as a second language acquisition. RTI could successfully be implemented for English language learners (ELLs). A systematic literature review has been conducted to delineate various components, strategies, and implications of RTI for ELL students. Twenty six articles that meet the criteria are analyzed for themes and important findings. The result of the …


Allied Forces: The Working Alliance For Meaningful Parenteducator Partnerships In Special Education, Danielle Magaldi-Dopman, Timothy Conway Nov 2012

Allied Forces: The Working Alliance For Meaningful Parenteducator Partnerships In Special Education, Danielle Magaldi-Dopman, Timothy Conway

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

Strong parent-educator partnerships in special education yield benefits for parents, teachers and students, however there are often obstacles to the development of these partnerships, and teacher preparation programs and professional development are often deficient in preparing special education teachers for the complexities of this relationship building. In the following, the varied interpretations of parental involvement are explored, followed by a discussion of some of the significant obstacles to strong parent-teacher partnerships in special education classrooms. Authors introduce the working alliance as a solution for framing positive parent-educator relationships. Finally, the three elements of a working alliance are described with an …


The Effects Of Fluency Instruction On The Oral Reading Fluency And Comprehension Of First-Grade African American Males With Reading Risk, Lenwood Gibson Jr., Gwendolyn Cartledge Nov 2012

The Effects Of Fluency Instruction On The Oral Reading Fluency And Comprehension Of First-Grade African American Males With Reading Risk, Lenwood Gibson Jr., Gwendolyn Cartledge

The Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship

This study evaluated the effects of a fluency building activity on the oral reading fluency (ORF) and comprehension of four first grade students identified as at risk for reading failure. The participants in this study were selected because they were members of a group at the highest risk for reading problems, specifically African American boys attending an urban school district. The results of this study demonstrated that the intervention was successful in increasing the ORF of all four participants but results were much more robust for two of the four students. Although ORF increased for all of the participants, gains …


The Practice Of Olympic Wrestling As A Mechanism Of Behavior Modification In Elementary School Special Education Students., José E. Betancourt Nov 2012

The Practice Of Olympic Wrestling As A Mechanism Of Behavior Modification In Elementary School Special Education Students., José E. Betancourt

NALS Journal

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the effect of the practice of Olympic wrestling on the modification of the behavior of sixteen elementary school special education students between the ages of eight and twelve years old. Ninety two percent of this group was enrolled in a special education program of which eighty six percent were classified with ADHD. The investigation lasted ten-weeks during which the students were evaluated before and after their participation in the wrestling program. During this period the students participated in Olympic wrestling training sessions, which consisted of many motor skill activities including axial …


Planned Ignoring, Emily Glass, Cayla Mayes Nov 2012

Planned Ignoring, Emily Glass, Cayla Mayes

Applied Behavior Analysis (SPED 432) and Intervention Strategies for Literacy (SPED 431)

The topic of this poster is planned ignoring. The purpose of this poster was to answer the question of how planned ignoring can be used effectively. Planned ignoring is defined as purposely ignoring an individual who is demonstrating an undesirable behavior. When using planned ignoring, the subject should not be told that planned ignoring is being used. Results of eliminated behavior will not always be revealed immediately. The target behavior may potentially escalate before effective results are demonstrated. It is recommended that planned ignoring not be used with all behaviors such as, if an individual is causing harm to himself …


Neural Underpinnings Of Prosody In Autism, Inge-Marie Eigsti, Jillian Schuh, Einar Mencl, Robert T. Schultz, Rhea Paul Nov 2012

Neural Underpinnings Of Prosody In Autism, Inge-Marie Eigsti, Jillian Schuh, Einar Mencl, Robert T. Schultz, Rhea Paul

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

This study examines the processing of prosodic cues to linguistic structure and to affect, drawing on fMRI and behavioral data from 16 high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 11 typically developing controls. Stimuli were carefully matched on pitch, intensity, and duration, while varying systematically in conditions of affective prosody (angry versus neutral speech) and grammatical prosody (questions versus statement). To avoid conscious attention to prosody, which normalizes responses in young people with ASD, the implicit comprehension task directed attention to semantic aspects of the stimuli. Results showed that when perceiving prosodic cues, both affective and grammatical, activation of …


Worldwide History And Philosophy Of Andragogy: 2012 Limited To English Language Documents, John A. Henschke Edd Nov 2012

Worldwide History And Philosophy Of Andragogy: 2012 Limited To English Language Documents, John A. Henschke Edd

IACE Hall of Fame Repository

This paper on the History and Philosophy of Andragogy is mainly limited [with a few exceptions] to a chronological history and the accompanying philosophy of andragogy, in line with when the English language documents were published and personal descriptions of events were written down. Some of these documents, however, present aspects of the events and ideas which recount the years and contexts in which they appeared in published form. This will not be an exact history of the events and philosophy as they appear in chronological order. But, this will be presented in the general sequence of the years that …


A Comparison Study On Teacher-Centered And Inquiry-Based Instruction In Science Education Of Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities: What Is Effective?, Jessica Yorke-Servis Oct 2012

A Comparison Study On Teacher-Centered And Inquiry-Based Instruction In Science Education Of Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities: What Is Effective?, Jessica Yorke-Servis

Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of the study are to examine the effects of inquiry-based and teacher-centered instruction methods when teaching science for middle school students with learning disabilities. These two instructional methods were provided to 81 students in two middle schools located in southern New Jersey. Of those, 30 students with learning disabilities, 15 in each school participated in the study. Both groups were given a pre and post test prior to and after the three weeks of science instruction to evaluate student performance. In addition, a student and teacher survey was provided to examine their satisfaction. The results show that students …


Appropriate Social Behavior: Teaching Expectations To Young Children, Deborah Russell Carter, Juli Lull Pool Oct 2012

Appropriate Social Behavior: Teaching Expectations To Young Children, Deborah Russell Carter, Juli Lull Pool

Early and Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Young children's challenging behavior can impact all aspects of the classroom environment, including relationships (peer–peer, student–teacher), learning, and safety. Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) is a program that focuses on supporting pro-social behaviors and preventing challenging behavior. PBIS begins with building a foundation of universal practices and creating a common language that teachers, children, and families can use to talk about behavior. The identification and defining of appropriate behavioral expectations and the systematic teaching of those behavioral expectations is paramount to preventing challenging behavior. This article describes the steps involved in identifying classroom behavioral expectations and the development of …


On Death And Disability: Reframing Educators' Perceptions Of Parental Response To Disability, Keith Allred, Christine Hancock Oct 2012

On Death And Disability: Reframing Educators' Perceptions Of Parental Response To Disability, Keith Allred, Christine Hancock

Early and Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This expository article critically reviews the literature from 1950-2010 regarding educators' perceptions of parental response to disability. Pre-service, practitioner, and professional literature are examined to explore the views presented to teacher candidates during the process of professional induction. As this literature relies upon the stage model of grief associated with Kübler-Ross' (1969) description of the acceptance of death, the effects on parent-professional relations and cultural understandings of disability are critiqued. The paper presents an alternative framing of parental response to disability emerging through positive psychology. Recommendations, based upon a disability studies in education perspective, are made regarding changes in the …


Integration Of Social, Behavioral, And Academic Initiatives: Part Ii, Hank Bohanon, Meng-Jia Wu Oct 2012

Integration Of Social, Behavioral, And Academic Initiatives: Part Ii, Hank Bohanon, Meng-Jia Wu

Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works

In part one of this series we discussed the connections among Social and Emotional Learning (SEL), Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS), and Response to Intervention (RtI). Specifically, we compared the processes and fidelity components of these approaches. We attempted to highlight the similarities in systems, practices, and data for each approach, with the understanding that nuances could found within the practices of each. The following section provides specific examples of the overlap in these approaches; the integration of systems, practices, and data; and factors related to core instruction.


Educator's Perceptions Of The Implementation And Effectiveness Of Response To Intervention Measures, Sheila Stepp Nugent Oct 2012

Educator's Perceptions Of The Implementation And Effectiveness Of Response To Intervention Measures, Sheila Stepp Nugent

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers' and administrators' perceptions of the implementation and effectiveness of Response to Intervention (RTI) strategies in their schools. The study used a mixed-methods research design. Data were collected through multiple-choice and open-ended surveys administered to elementary English language arts general education teachers, special education teachers in Kindergarten through fifth grade, and administrators in seven elementary schools. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance of Ranks. Qualitative data were analyzed by the researcher to determine similarities and differences among the written responses. All data were gathered during …


Diagnostic Statistical Manual 5 Changes To The Autism Diagnostic Criteria: A Critical Moment For Occupational Therapists, Heather Miller-Kuhaneck, Rondalyn Varney Whitney Oct 2012

Diagnostic Statistical Manual 5 Changes To The Autism Diagnostic Criteria: A Critical Moment For Occupational Therapists, Heather Miller-Kuhaneck, Rondalyn Varney Whitney

Occupational Therapy Faculty Publications

The new definition of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is expected to appear in May 2013 in the finalized Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) -5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2012). The current DSM-IV criteria uses Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) as the umbrella term for autism, a classification that many professionals believe has been outdated for several years. ASD will be the new name for the category that includes “autistic disorder (autism), Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified” (APA, 2012). It will also serve to better differentiate autism spectrum disorder from typical development as well as from similar …


Parental Perceptions Of A Summer Esl Parent Institute: A Retrospective Case Study, John Scott Cascone Oct 2012

Parental Perceptions Of A Summer Esl Parent Institute: A Retrospective Case Study, John Scott Cascone

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Integration Of Social, Behavioral, And Academic Initiatives: Part I, Hank Bohanon, Meng-Jia Wu Oct 2012

Integration Of Social, Behavioral, And Academic Initiatives: Part I, Hank Bohanon, Meng-Jia Wu

Education: School of Education Faculty Publications and Other Works

Many schools are working towards improving their overall social and behavioral climate. This endeavor is undertaken for its own sake, and in the anticipation it will improve academic performance for students. School climate has been related to a lack of connection and commitment on the part of students towards the school, discipline problems, and dropping out (Zins & Elias, 2007). There appear to be at least three predominant schoolwide initiatives to frame improving school climate: Positive Behavior Interventions and Support (PBIS), Response to Intervention (RtI), and Social and Emotional Learning (SEL).


The Influence Of Inclusion On The Academic Performance Of General Education Students On The New Jersey Assessment Of Skills And Knowledge In Grades 6, 7, And 8, Christie M. Robinson Oct 2012

The Influence Of Inclusion On The Academic Performance Of General Education Students On The New Jersey Assessment Of Skills And Knowledge In Grades 6, 7, And 8, Christie M. Robinson

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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High School Teachers' Perceptions Of Inclusion, Carmen Wiggins Oct 2012

High School Teachers' Perceptions Of Inclusion, Carmen Wiggins

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

With the reauthorization of No Child Left Behind, school systems must ensure students with disabilities receive instruction in general education classrooms. Implementing the inclusion model has been challenging for many school systems as the systems try to find ways to meet the needs of their diverse student populations. The purpose of this quantitative casual-comparative and correlational study is to identify high school teachers' perceptions of inclusion. One hundred seventy-three high school teachers from six school districts located in a southeastern metropolitan area completed a survey to allow the researcher to examine if a relationship existed between teachers' perceptions of inclusion …


Supporting Children's Grief After A Death: A Guide For School Psychologists, Catherine Alexandra Bergeson Sep 2012

Supporting Children's Grief After A Death: A Guide For School Psychologists, Catherine Alexandra Bergeson

Theses and Dissertations

The death of a loved one is a significant stressor for children. Most children are exposed to grief at an early age. Without necessary support and guidance, children are much more susceptible to negative emotional, cognitive, and developmental effects. Expressive therapies such as bibliotherapy are supposed to provide a safe and healthy outlet for children's grief. However, school psychologists have limited pre-service training and readily available resources to effectively address children's death-related grief. This study included a survey of school psychologists from the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) Crisis Management Group. Of the 431 potential members, 22% (N=95) responded …


The Impact Of Professional Development On The Delivery Of Written Praise And Office Disciplinary Referrals, Shalon Stephanie Wilmott Sep 2012

The Impact Of Professional Development On The Delivery Of Written Praise And Office Disciplinary Referrals, Shalon Stephanie Wilmott

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of professional development on teachers' delivery of written praise notes and the number of office disciplinary referrals (ODRs). The professional development consisted of training teachers on the effective use of behavior specific written praise, as well as on how to analyze and respond to praise-note and office disciplinary referral data. It was hypothesized that this process could help support and increase teachers' delivery of behavior-specific written praise notes and would subsequently decrease in the rate of office discipline referrals (ODRs). As baseline data, this study used the participating school's existing …


Effects Of A Response To Intervention Program For Middle School Students With Reading And Math Difficulties, Jeri Hendrickson Sep 2012

Effects Of A Response To Intervention Program For Middle School Students With Reading And Math Difficulties, Jeri Hendrickson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine whether a response to intervention program (RTI) would be beneficial to students in the middle school population. Classes in two urban schools were observed and data were collected to decide the effectiveness of the RTI strategies and interventions which were given to the students. The first class was a language arts class and the second class was a math class. The students in the language arts class responded very well to the interventions the teacher taught them and all but one in this class were able to earn the grades that …