Education Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Effect Of Daily Tests On The Retention Of Knowledge Of Malaysian Students In The Re-Orientation Program, Rokiah Mohamed

Masters Theses

Seventy Malaysian students participated in the 7-day Re-Orientation Program and were divided into two groups; 20 students were in Group 1, the group that took the daily tests and 50 students were in Group 2, the group that took the final examination only. The results of the final examination revealed a significant difference between the two groups, t (68) = 5.895, p< .05. The means of Groups 1 and 2 were 30.75 and 24.26 respectively. The correlations between the scores of the daily tests and the final examination scores were also statistically significant at p< .05 where n = 20. A post hoc analysis was done to further support the data. It is suggested that further research can be done using knowledge tests in programs that run for longer periods of time to improve students' retention of knowledge.

Development Of The Concept Of Inferential Validity, David Moshman, Bridget A. Franks

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

An argument is valid if its conclusion necessarily follows from its premises, regardless of whether the premises and conclusion are empirically true or false. This research tested the hypothesis that understanding validity of inference (including its differentiation from empirical truth) is a relatively late development. Students in Experiment 1 were asked to sort sets of deductive arguments. None of the fourth graders used validity as a basis for distinguishing arguments, while 45% of the seventh graders and 85% of the college students did so. Experiments 2 and 3 explored whether the dramatic age difference could be narrowed by (a) varying …

An Investigation Of The Effects Of Teachers' Locus Of Control And Attribution Training Upon Risk-Taking And Locus Of Control Of Pre-School Children, Deborah Chamberly

Theses and Dissertations

he purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teachers' locus of control upon the locus of control and risk-taking behavior of four- and five-year old preschool children. The scores on Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale were used to assess the teachers' locus of control. Scores on the Preschool and Primary Nowicki-Strickland Internal-External Control Scale were employed to determine locus of control of the students. A risk-taking situation was devised to evaluate this behavior in the subjects, and attribution training activities were selected. Control and experimental groups were identified and the treatment administered accordingly. Pretest and posttest …

Middle/Junior High School Guidance Programs: Recommended Guidelines And Services For Counselors, A. Nadine Boyer

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Meta-Analysis Of Studies Investigating The Effects Of Father Absence On Children's Cognitive Development, Stephanie Ann Salzman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was the integration of the father-absence research to determine the effects of father absence on children's cognitive development as assessed by standardized intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests and school grades. The study used the quantitative integrative review methodology of meta-analysis through which the findings from individual studies were integrated and relations between the study findings and characteristics were explored. The meta-analytic approach involved transforming the findings of individual studies to a common metric (i.e., effect size), describing and coding the characteristics of the studies, and then using the analysis of variance and multiple regression …

Bill 82 & The Waterloo County Board Of Education: A Process Consultation, Ellen Num

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The following thesis is a descriptive study of the perceived implementation of the Amendment to the Education Act 1974, more commonly known as ‘Bill 82.’ The context of this research was presented from the perspective of community psychology, more specifically, a process consultation approach utilizing the techniques of organizational development (O.D.). A cross-sectional sample of 434 voluntary participants were surveyed in this study. Respondents were selected across all levels of personnel within the Waterloo Country Board of Education and the sample consisted of: elected board trustees, upper administration, central office staff (consultants) and operations personnel (principals, vice-principals, teachers, and guidance …

Personality Predictors Of Academic Success In Underachieving First Year College Students, Carolyn Wilson-Garrison

Dissertations

In this study, the role of nonintellective variables as predictors of academic success in underachieving first year college students was explored. Traditional predictors of college grades, high school grade point average and standardized scores on the American College Testing examination (ACT), were also examined.

The purpose of this study was to assess whether college grades at the end of the first year would differ according to underachieving students' personality styles, expressed concerns, and behavioral correlates thereby offering the possibility that such nonintellective factors may be useful in the prediction of grades.

The sample was a randomly selected group of eighty-seven …

The Effect Of Word Abbreviation On Decoding Speed And Accuracy, Frances Piccione

Masters Theses

An experiment was conducted to verify the existence and determine the magnitude of the human response latency differential between words and their abbreviations in a decoding task. Forty-eight Naval Officer Candidates learned a set of abbreviations obtained from operational aircraft cockpits. Abbreviations and corresponding words were divided into easy and hard difficulty levels. Subjects responded by saying the correct whole-word for both stimulus types. Response times measured by a voice key revealed a mean of 0.534 seconds for words and 0.662 seconds for abbreviations. An analysis of variance produced significant main effects (p < .05) for stimulus types and difficulty levels; the interaction effect was not significant. Also, t-tests for correlated scores revealed significant differences (p < .05) between difficulty levels within stimulus types.

The Effects Of Various Kinds Of Background Music On The I.Q. Scores Of Ninth-Grade Students, L.C. Bud Johnston

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

One hundred 9^th-grade students were divided into four groups of 25 each through systematic sampling procedures. Each of the groups were tested, pre and post, by the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test, forms J and K. During the pretest for all groups, the background condition of silence was observed. During the posttest, one group was again tested in silence. The other three groups were each tested to one of three background conditions: pop music, hard rock music, and soft rock music. Pop music played was characterized as more mellow, more melodic, and less intense than rock music. Hard rock …

An Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of Study Aid Formats, Mary Anne Saint

Masters Theses

The effectiveness of matrix organizational format versus outline organizational format versus self-structured study notes was tested with high school subjects. Contrary to predictions, results of a multiple choice and essay question posttest revealed a nonsignificant study aid effect, F (2, 53) = 1.17, p > .05. An interaction between passage order and subject sex was significant, F (2, 53) = 4.68, p < .05. An analysis of recall, application and analysis levels of learning again revealed a nonsignificant study aid effect, F (2, 68) = 1.53, p > .05. A difference among recall, application and analysis posttest scores was significant, F (2, 4) = 93.25, p < .05. It was noted that the mean of the Matrix Group was somewhat greater than other groups across all five measures. The probability of one of three groups outscoring other groups across five analyses would result in a chance level of occurrence of .0039. It is speculated that additional experimentation will demonstrate a significant difference in the effectiveness of study aid formats.

A Comparison Of The Actual And Ideal Perceptions Of The School Psychologist’S Role, David Arthur Curry

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The professional role of the school psychologist has been studied for over thirty years. The school psychologist has traditionally spent the greatest percentage of professional time engaged in testing and assessment functions. Concerns have arisen as to the effectiveness of this traditional role. School psychologists, as well as other related professionals, have indicated a desire for a greater emphasis on the Consultation function within the ideal role of the school psychologist and a decrease in emphasis on the assessment functions. Difficulty in defining the role and function of the school psychologist was noted due to the inconsistent use of terminology. …

The Sex Variable And Reactions To A Peer With An Orthopedic Disability By First- And Second Graders, Virginia Lynn Ruark

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Prior research has indicated that people react differently to a person with a physical disability than to a person without a disability, and that these different reactions vary with age and sex. While paper-and-pencil measures of reactions to persons with a disability have questionable validity, actual face-to-face interaction studies have yielded inconsistent results on measures of interaction time, eye contact, physical distance, and impression formation. Moreover, few studies have been conducted in which children were used as subjects. The purpose of the present study was to assess the behaviors of first- and second-grade children when reacting to peers of the …

Mobility As An Element Of Learning Styles: The Effect Its Inclusion Or Exculsion Has On Student Performance In The Standardized Testing Environment, Linda Miller

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobility and the standardized testing environment. The project focused on nine students who had a pronounced need for movement while learning and/or being tested. The study was conducted to determine whether the achievement scores of these nine students would be influenced by the denial or availability of movement while they were administered a standardized reading test. Twenty-one second grade students were the subjects. Two forms of Level B of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test were used. All subjects were tested in a traditional environment with no movement allowed. The same …

Changing Negative Attitudes Of Elementary Children Toward The Aged Through Positive Interaction And Aging Education Within The School Curriculum, Mary Emily King

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Children develop attitudes at an early age, both positive and negative. Negative attitudes toward the aged can be changed through direct contact between the elderly and through aging education within the curriculum. Children have negative attitudes toward the elderly and the aging process. Direct contact can change these views by providing interaction between children and the elderly while aging education can bring about an awareness of the aging process and of the aged. With aging being an inevitable and important part of being human, it is necessary as well as important for educators to help children develop positive attitudes toward …

Cerebral Dominance, A Matter For Elementary Teacher Awareness, Mary E. Dortch

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study addresses areas in cerebral dominance theory which elementary classroom teachers should be aware of when developing instructional strategies to enhance the learning experiences of children. Presented are past and present findings on cerebral dominance theory, giving the reader some understanding of what has been found about the manner in which children process information. The characteristics and processes of the two halves of the cerebrum have been discussed and possible applications and misapplications of this information have been given. It is concluded that students process information in different ways and that the data can be useful when examining teaching …

Interpersonal Interactions In Student-Teacher Relationships: Types And Effect On Student Achievememt, Cheryl S. Spivey

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify the types of interpersonal interactions, in student-teacher relationships, that have an effect on student achievement. These essential conditions of communication have been labeled: warmth, empathy, respect, genuineness, concreteness, self-disclosure, immediacy, and confrontation. Communication of these conditions, by teachers to students, shows a significant effect on student achievement when observed by classroom researchers. This investigation has also addressed the efficiency of training procedures used with groups of teachers who participated in the research studies, the results of which support the increasing awareness of human-relations development.

Law Teachers, Law Students, And Litigation, E. Walter Van Valkenburg

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Guided Imagery In The Control Of Food And Liquid Intake Of Hemodialysis Patients, Thomas E. Higgins

Dissertations

This research was undertaken in order to clarify the relationship between guided imagery and the control of food and liquid intake by hemodialysis patients. There have been a number of studies dealing with the negative psychological states experienced by hemodialysis patients. A behavioral manifestation of these psychological states is the problem of maintaining proper food and liquid intake and this is a major problem for most patients.

One technique used by individuals to cope with negative psychological states and to learn healthy behaviors is guided imagery. The purpose of this study was to determine if a relaxation technique coupled with …

Developmental Considerations For A Theory Of Instruction, Ken Bussema

Pro Rege

No abstract provided.

Describing Instruction: The Role Of Learning Theory, Paul Moes

Pro Rege

No abstract provided.

The Comparison Of General And Specific Videotape Pretraining On Selected Process And Outcome Variables In Counseling, John David Hughes

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the efficacy of a professional self-disclosure statement as a pretraining treatment of role induction in counseling. Two videotape models of pretraining for first-time clients were compared with a notreatment control condition. The eight dependent variables investigated included six of client expectation: client attitudes and behaviors, client characteristics, counselor characteristics, characteristics of process, counselor attitudes and behaviors, and the quality of outcome; one of state anxiety; and one of continuance in counseling. The counselor-specific client role induction consisted of a professional self-disclosure statement discussing purpose and expectations of counseling, confidentiality, and counselor training. The general pretraining treatment consisted …

The Interaction Between Characteristic Locus Of Control And Control Of Events On The Perceived Stress Of Events, Jeffrey B. Harrison

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Education at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Jeffrey B. Harrison on July 7,1984.

A Comparison Of A Group Approach And A Personalized Approach In Teaching Behavior Management Techniques To Parents, Vicki Martin

Dissertations and Theses

Parent intervention programs that assist parents in increasing their skills in behavior management techniques have experienced considerable success over the last 20 years. Parent training not only aids the parent in changing the child's behavior but may be beneficial in preventing future problems.

When a program of this type is utilized with low income populations, cost effectiveness becomes an important issue. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of a parent intervention program when utilizing a group format versus a personalized, one-to-one approach to training.

The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) was administered pre and posttreatment …

From Theory To Instruction: Implications For Christian Schools, Gloria Goris Stronks

Pro Rege

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Study Of The Developmental Characteristics Of Non-Traditional And Traditional Public Community College Students, David E. Phillippe

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of the study were: (1) to determine the develop- ,-/ if .. mental c:1~racteristics, as me~sured by the Student Developmental Task Inventory-2 (SDTI-2), of non-traditional and traditional students at the point of entry into a public community college and (2) to determine if these characteristics differed significantly when compared on the basis of age and sex. The comparison groups included students classified as: non-traditional and traditional, non-traditional and traditional males, and non-traditional and traditional females. The sample for the study was composed of 100 students who were first-time full-time enrollees at Vincennes University in the Spring Semester 1984. …

The Effects Of A Reflective Drill On Graphically Similar Substitution Errors, Janet Westmann

Theses

This paper concentrates on the reduction of substitution errors through the use of a graphically similar reflective drill in the oral reading of first graders. A reflective drill is a drill designed with a timed delayed response. The delayed response is designed to train the student to discriminate between the stimuli and respond correctly rather than quickly.

After defining terms, the literature review includes studies on 1) reading errors, 2) perceptual development, and 3) impulsivity.

The research design will be experimental using the classroom situation and first grade students. Using previously established reading groups within the classroom six subgroups will …

Perceptual Accuracy Of Affect Identification And The Relationship To Representational System And Personality Type, Richard Andrew O'Leary

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate accuracy of response to affectively laden stimuli across visual, auditory, and kinesthetic representational systems. This research was undertaken to assess subjects' individual response patterns and to distinguish possible differences in accuracy of response which subjects reported across representational systems. Subjects' response accuracy was correlated with their response frequency in subjects' representational systems. Subjects most accurate representational system was, in turn, compared to subjects' personality type. Subjects were assessed by two instruments, a modified version of the Affective Sensitivity Scale and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.

Relevant literature was reviewed related to human information …

A Study Of The Work Values And Achievement Motivation Of Persons Eligible For Federal Job Training Programs In A Rural Service Delivery Area, John Desiderio

Dissertations

The focus of this study was an analysis of the work values and achievement motivation of persons eligible to participate in federal job training programs in a rural region in west central Michigan. Also under review were the possible differentiating effects of select biodemographic and educational variables (sex, age, years of formal education completed, and level of scholastic achievement) on the work values and achievement motivation of persons within this population. Finally, the study contained an examination of the relationship between achievement motivation and work values.

The subjects under study were 167 individuals (85 males and 82 females) who qualified …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Student-Generated Versus Instructor-Generated Questions On The Comprehension Of Written Material, Helen Diann Pratt

Masters Theses

Twelve college students volunteered to participate in a special section of an introductory psychology course at Western Michigan University. A multiple baseline design across groups was used to assess differences in reading comprehension between students who received study objectives written by the instructor and students trained to write their own study objectives. Quizzes and examinations were used to assess students' reading comprehension of course materials. A comparison of pre- and post-test scores on the Nelson-Denny Reading Comprehension Test was used to determine whether students had acquired skills which aided their comprehension of other materials. Results indicated no statistically significant differences …

School Organization Placement For The Ninth Grade Student, Karen D. Garrison

All Graduate Projects

The purpose of this study was to obtain information regarding the best placement of the ninth grade student in the school organizational pattern. Thirty-six superintendents, seventy-seven high school principals and sixty-four high school teachers, in the state of Washington, responded to a questionnaire-opinionnaire regarding the physical, intellectual, emotional and social maturity level of the ninth grade student. The results showed support for the ninth grade student to be in a four-year high school grade configuration.