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Full-Text Articles in Tourism and Travel

The Effect Of The Usage Of Virtual Reality In Tourism Education On Learning Motivation, Sarp T. Kumlu, Emrah Ozkul Aug 2021

The Effect Of The Usage Of Virtual Reality In Tourism Education On Learning Motivation, Sarp T. Kumlu, Emrah Ozkul

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

Humanity has developed with technology by following the new products that emerge throughout their lives. Technology, especially in education, enables students to show interest by having different and fun experiences in the course. It is thought that technology in applied and theoretical courses is also considered to be important in tourism education just as it is in engineering, architecture, and medicine as an effective tool for students to enjoy and succeed in the course. Besides that, it is possible to say that it is easier for students to access information and save time with technological tools. In the 21st century, …


Efektivitas Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique (Acbt)Terhadap Peningkatan Kapasitas Fungsional Pada Pasien Bronkiektasis Post Tuberkulosis Paru, Aditya Denny Pratama Jun 2021

Efektivitas Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique (Acbt)Terhadap Peningkatan Kapasitas Fungsional Pada Pasien Bronkiektasis Post Tuberkulosis Paru, Aditya Denny Pratama

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Bronchiectasis is a chronic disorder characterized by irreversible bronchial dilatation accompanied by an inflammatory process in the walls of the bronchi and the surrounding lung parenchyma. Bronchiectasis can be caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which is the bacteria that causes pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB). The main characteristic of bronchiectasis is the accumulation of mucus, chronic bacterial infections, and persistent bronchial inflammation. The purpose of this case study was to determine the effectiveness of the Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique (ACBT) on increasing functional capacity in bronchiectasis patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The research method used is in the …


Penyusunan Kurikulum Blok Bahasa Inggris Vokasional, Erlin Estiana Yuanti, Nabilla Kusuma Vardhani Jun 2021

Penyusunan Kurikulum Blok Bahasa Inggris Vokasional, Erlin Estiana Yuanti, Nabilla Kusuma Vardhani

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

This research aims at designing vocational block curriculum for Bachelor of Applied English Vocational College (BAE SV) UGM to assure the achievement of the study program’s competences based on the Independent Campus policy (MBKM) and to produce English Specialists in Public Relations as its graduate profile. The research employs qualitative method, using Research and Development approach in the three stages done, such as: (1) library study, (2) designing the block curriculum, and (3) validating the curriculum design by holding FGD with stakeholder users. The research produces a vocational English block curriculum based on CEFR Level C1 and SKKNI No.629/ 2016 …


Menulis Untuk Publikasi: “Punya Ide, Tapi Sulit Menuliskannya”, Wahyu Kartika Wienanda, Yohana Ika Harnita Sari, Triana April Liani, Azalea Puteri Utami Jun 2021

Menulis Untuk Publikasi: “Punya Ide, Tapi Sulit Menuliskannya”, Wahyu Kartika Wienanda, Yohana Ika Harnita Sari, Triana April Liani, Azalea Puteri Utami

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Writing for publication is the scholars’ needs. Unfortunately, the number of student publications, especially in the Applied English Study Program, Sekolah Vokasi UGM, has not shown a good trend. Thus, the study program provides a subject namely Academic Writing to help the students practice and improve their research writing skills. However, specifically-tailored course materials for the subject have not been provided. This study aims to find out the students’ needs for writing a research publication. Interviews to 20 students of Transfer Program in Applied English and 3 journal reviewers were conducted. The interview results were then analyzed based on parts …


Complaints Of Asthenopia Symptoms In-Office Employees, Chita Widia, Ricky Rahmawinata, Darmono Darmono Jun 2021

Complaints Of Asthenopia Symptoms In-Office Employees, Chita Widia, Ricky Rahmawinata, Darmono Darmono

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

An Eyes health problem that can be experienced by employees is asthenopia. The purpose of this study is to address complaints of Asthenopia symptoms in the employees of one of the offices in Tasikmalaya city in 2020. This research uses a descriptive quantitative research method, a cross-sectional design. In this study, to collect data, the tool used was a questionnaire. Research results found that the most asthenopia symptoms felt by employees of one of the offices in the City of Tasikmalaya were shaded vision when looking at objects, glare when working at a computer, difficulty focusing while working at the …


Faktor Informasi Online Dalam Pengambilankeputusan Investor Pada Platform Crowdfunding Berbasis Donasi, Rendy Adhi Pratama, Liyu Adhi Kasari Sulung, Sri Rahayu Jun 2021

Faktor Informasi Online Dalam Pengambilankeputusan Investor Pada Platform Crowdfunding Berbasis Donasi, Rendy Adhi Pratama, Liyu Adhi Kasari Sulung, Sri Rahayu

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the role of online information in the decision-making process of investors in the form of donation-based crowdfunding. We use Kitabisa.com as a donation-based crowdfunding platform and collect 74 data on donation projects. This study uses the combination of a regression model with cross section data and an Elaboration likelihood model. The results of this study found that several very important online information variables, such as updates and shares on Facebook, proved significant to influence investors' decisions on crowdfunding platforms in Indonesia. The results of this study prove that the central routes obtained from project updates …


Pemanfaatan Strategi Omnichannel Marketing Di Perguruan Tinggi, Peny Meliaty Hutabarat, Melisa Bunga Altamira, Erni Adelina Jun 2021

Pemanfaatan Strategi Omnichannel Marketing Di Perguruan Tinggi, Peny Meliaty Hutabarat, Melisa Bunga Altamira, Erni Adelina

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Technological developments encourage changes in consumer behavior, including corporate interactions. This also affects many educational institutions, especially in higher education levels. The use of multiple channels has been increasing, and it is quite a complex challenge for higher education to provide seamless and optimal journey experiences as needed by their audiences. These developments in technology and consumer behavior drive all higher education institutions to increase their competitive advantages. The omnichannel strategy is an effective way for them to increase the competitive advantage and to reach prospective students through various platforms, with specific and personified messages. In its application, omnichannel marketing …


Penerapan Kebijakan Fasilitas Mitra Utamakepabeanan: Mampukah Menurunkan Cost Of Taxation?, Murwendah Murwendah, Muhammad Raihan Tsanymahdy Jun 2021

Penerapan Kebijakan Fasilitas Mitra Utamakepabeanan: Mampukah Menurunkan Cost Of Taxation?, Murwendah Murwendah, Muhammad Raihan Tsanymahdy

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

The Main Partner of Customs, which was implemented in 2015, aims to reduce dwelling-time rates, decrease logistics costs, and appreciate companies with good tax compliance. On the other hand, dwelling-time figures have not shown a significant decline in numbers with all the facilities provided. This study examines the Main Partner of Customs policy regarding the cost of taxation perspective at Tanjung Priok Port. The discussion of this research focuses on the burden carried by both the policymaker and the company. This research was conducted through a quantitative approach with a post-positivist paradigm. The data collection techniques for this research are …


Rehabilitasi Post Nerve Transfer Pada Ekstremitas Atas, Made Hendra Satria Nugraha Jun 2021

Rehabilitasi Post Nerve Transfer Pada Ekstremitas Atas, Made Hendra Satria Nugraha

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Peripheral nerve injuries mostly occur in the upper extremities with the most common cause being trauma. An alternative to nerve repair in proximal injury is restoration of function via nerve transfer. The rehabilitation process is needed to relearn the movement so that the results of the nerve transfer can function properly. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the post-nerve transfer rehabilitation process in the upper extremity and its benefits in maintaining and improving the quality of movement in the upper extremity. This research is a literature review with secondary data sources in the form of …


A Critical Analysis Of Gender Inequality In The Chef Profession In Ireland, Mary M. Farrell Phd May 2021

A Critical Analysis Of Gender Inequality In The Chef Profession In Ireland, Mary M. Farrell Phd

Dissertations

As an original piece of research, this dissertation investigates the factors that contribute to gender inequality in the chef profession in Ireland. The aims of the study sought to establish the extent of gender inequality and the factors that contribute to it in the chef profession in Ireland. The first national gender inequality survey was designed to collect empirical and qualitative data of the chef profession. Joan Acker’s (1990) original theory of gendered organisations and Connell’s (1995) concept of hegemonic masculinity were employed to undertake a systematic gender analysis of the data emanating the survey. This analysis reveals, for the …


Ua12/2/1 Best Of The Hill, Wku Student Affairs Apr 2021

Ua12/2/1 Best Of The Hill, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special edition of the College Heights Herald, includes articles:

  • Spainhoward, Emma. Editor’s Letter
  • WKU Favorites
  • Adjusting to Apartment Life During a Pandemic
  • Food & Drink
  • Things to Do
  • Miscellaneous
  • Clothing & Gifts


Daha Iyi Bir Dunya Icin Turizm: Sayi 1, Cihan Cobanoglu, Ebru Gunlu Kucukaltan, Muharrem Tuna, Alaattin Basoda, Seden Dogan Apr 2021

Daha Iyi Bir Dunya Icin Turizm: Sayi 1, Cihan Cobanoglu, Ebru Gunlu Kucukaltan, Muharrem Tuna, Alaattin Basoda, Seden Dogan

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

Daha İyi Bir Dünya İçin Turizm [Tourism for a Better World] book consists of peer-reviewed (double-blind) Turkish research papers that were presented at the Second Managing Tourism Across Continents (MTCON21) conference in April 2021. The book is published by the University of South Florida M3 Publishing as open-access.

Daha İyi Bir Dünya İçin Turizm kitabı, Nisan 2021'de Ikinci Kıtalar Arası Turizm Yönetimi (MTCON21) konferansında sunulan hakemli (çift kör) Türkçe araştırma makalelerinden oluşmaktadır. Kitap, University of South Florida M3 Publishing tarafından açık erişim şekilinde yayınlanmaktadır.

ISBN: 978-1-955833-02-8


Proceedings Of The Conference On Managing Tourism Across Continents: Volume 1, Cihan Cobanoglu, Ebru Gunlu Kucukaltan, Muharrem Tuna, Alaattin Basoda, Seden Dogan Apr 2021

Proceedings Of The Conference On Managing Tourism Across Continents: Volume 1, Cihan Cobanoglu, Ebru Gunlu Kucukaltan, Muharrem Tuna, Alaattin Basoda, Seden Dogan

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

This is the first volume of the Conference on Managing Tourism Across Continents Proceedings Series.

ISBN: 978-1-955833-01-1


Opportunities And Prospects For The Development Of Tourist And Recreational Services In The Republic Of Karakalpakstan, Ergash Ibadullaev Mar 2021

Opportunities And Prospects For The Development Of Tourist And Recreational Services In The Republic Of Karakalpakstan, Ergash Ibadullaev

Central Asian Problems of Modern Science and Education

In this paper current condition of tourism industry of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and future opportunities for tourism recreational services are discussed also TOWS was conducted and S-O, W-O, S-T, W-T strategies were developed and according to them recommendations given on the development of tourism in the region


Impact Of A Summer Nutrition And Physical Activity Intervention To Attenuate Obesity In Urban African-American Youth, Jermaine B. Mitchell, Antonio J. Gardner, Zachary Wahl-Alexander, Ben Schwamberger, Douglas Craddock Jr., Carol N. Agomo, Myia C. Lang Mar 2021

Impact Of A Summer Nutrition And Physical Activity Intervention To Attenuate Obesity In Urban African-American Youth, Jermaine B. Mitchell, Antonio J. Gardner, Zachary Wahl-Alexander, Ben Schwamberger, Douglas Craddock Jr., Carol N. Agomo, Myia C. Lang

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Improved eating behaviors and daily participation in physical activity such as swimming might abate the likelihood of African American youth becoming obese. Yet many African American youth neither consume the recommended daily servings of nutritious foods nor know how to swim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a culturally tailored multicomponent summer intervention to reduce obesity and unintentional drownings among underserved African American youth. Children (n = 145) participated in a three-hour, community-based intervention for four weeks. Measures of children’s attitudes perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms toward swimming, nutrition, and physical fitness were …


Applying Interpretation Principles To A Non-Western (Japanese) Training Context, Naoko Yamada, Jeffrey Skibins, Betty Weiler Feb 2021

Applying Interpretation Principles To A Non-Western (Japanese) Training Context, Naoko Yamada, Jeffrey Skibins, Betty Weiler

International Journal of Tour Guiding and Visitor Attraction Research

Interpretive guides play an indispensable role in achieving tourism and sustainability outcomes. Although interpretation theory and best practice principles are supported by literature, they have been primarily developed in Western countries. Little work has been done to evaluate the cross-cultural applicability of using Western-based interpretation in training non-Western interpretive guides. This study evaluates the use of Western-based interpretive competencies in a Japanese training context. The efficacy of the training was assessed using quantitative and qualitative pre- and post-training data from all 42 trainees. Training programs were successful in improving trainees’ perceptions of the importance of links between individual roles and …


Getting In: Safe Water Entry Competencies, Kevin Moran Dr, Jennifer Blitvich, Lauren Petrass, Keith Mcelroy Feb 2021

Getting In: Safe Water Entry Competencies, Kevin Moran Dr, Jennifer Blitvich, Lauren Petrass, Keith Mcelroy

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

In high income countries, jumping and diving into water are a small but persistent cause of death and serious injury especially among male youth and young adults. Although water entries maintain a high media profile, little is known about what entry competencies and underlying water safety knowledge youth bring to this practice. Undergraduates enrolled in aquatics (N= 76) completed a survey before attempting 7 entry jumping and diving tasks. While safety attitudes and self-reported behaviours were generally good, considerable variation in practical entry competence was evident. Most completed a deep-water compact jump (87%) and PFD jump (88%) with …


Perceptions Of Water Competencies, Drowning Risk And Aquatic Participation Among Older Adults, Teresa Stanley, Kevin Moran Feb 2021

Perceptions Of Water Competencies, Drowning Risk And Aquatic Participation Among Older Adults, Teresa Stanley, Kevin Moran

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

New Zealand has an aging population and, despite falling drowning tolls in all other age groups (WSNZ, 2019c), older adults have continued to drown in both increasing numbers and proportion. The reasons for this are not well understood since very little drowning research has focused on older people. A water safety survey (N = 389) seeking information on older adults’ aquatic recreational practices and perceptions of safety was conducted at the end of the summer season, 2019. Most adults (86%, n = 335) reported some aquatic activity in the previous year, but those aged 65+ years (66%) were significantly …


The Lifeguard Rescue Reporting System: Survey Results From A Collaborative Data Collection Method, William D. Ramos, Roy Fielding, Kristina R. Anderson, Peter G. Wernicki Md Feb 2021

The Lifeguard Rescue Reporting System: Survey Results From A Collaborative Data Collection Method, William D. Ramos, Roy Fielding, Kristina R. Anderson, Peter G. Wernicki Md

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Several water safety organizations have attempted to improve reporting regarding lifeguard actions in order to better understand the characteristics of successful, non-fatal rescues. In 2003, a collective effort initiated the Lifeguard Rescue Reporting System, an online survey distributed to lifeguards and facility managers across the United States and Canada to better understand rescue actions performed in pools/spas, water parks, and open water areas. After seven years of data collection, the online survey accumulated data reflecting 1,676 rescue actions, collecting information including location, victim characteristics and outcome, rescuer characteristics and strategies, and other general circumstances. Descriptive results indicated that at least …


In This Issue (13:2), Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D. Feb 2021

In This Issue (13:2), Stephen J. Langendorfer Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

front matter to Volume 13, Issue 2


It's Like A Video Game: How To Use Twine To Create Scenario Based Learning Online, Amanda Mapel Belarmino Jan 2021

It's Like A Video Game: How To Use Twine To Create Scenario Based Learning Online, Amanda Mapel Belarmino

UNLV Best Teaching Practices Expo

How can you engage students online by utilizing the online environment? Solution: a choose-your-own adventure style game. As an Assistant Professor of Hospitality Management, I teach a class in Strategic Management where I used a software called Twine to create a choose-your-adventure type scenario where the students make their own decisions for a business scenario and then see the consequences of their decisions.


Analisis Sengketa Koreksi Fiskal Pada Biayaresearch And Development (Studi Kasuspemeriksaan Pajak Pt.X Tahun 2014), Hadining Kusumastuti, Ari Warli Ruchiyat Dec 2020

Analisis Sengketa Koreksi Fiskal Pada Biayaresearch And Development (Studi Kasuspemeriksaan Pajak Pt.X Tahun 2014), Hadining Kusumastuti, Ari Warli Ruchiyat

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

This paper discusses the Fiscal Correction Dispute Analysis on Research & Development Costs at the 2014 Tax Audit Year PT. X. In this case study discusses the different interpretations between taxpayers and Fiscus on the provisions governing the costs that can be charged to companies, causing tax disputes. The purpose of writing is to determine the background of the recognition of research and development costs at PT X. and its compliance with the provisions of tax regulations. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The result of this case study is the assumption from the Fiscus regarding the recognition of …


Who Are The Older Adults Who Drown In Western Australia? A Cluster Analysis Using Coronial Drowning Data., Meg Abercromby, Dr Justine E. Leavy, Lauren Nimmo, Dr Gemma Crawford Dec 2020

Who Are The Older Adults Who Drown In Western Australia? A Cluster Analysis Using Coronial Drowning Data., Meg Abercromby, Dr Justine E. Leavy, Lauren Nimmo, Dr Gemma Crawford

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Drowning amongst older people is a growing concern. Exploring demographic and other factors associated with unintentional drowning incidents amongst older adults may assist to identify key target groups and refine prevention strategies. This study sought to examine the heterogeneity of older individuals who have drowned and identify population subgroups in Western Australia (WA). A cluster analysis was used to segment the population by examining coronial data 2001-2018 (n = 93). Analysis identified four groups; 1) ‘men who boat & fish in company’ 2) ‘affluent men with poor health’ 3) ‘non-drinkers who boat and fish’, and 4) ‘older men, who slipped …


Changes In Lifeguards’ Hazard Detection And Eye Movements With Experience: Is One Season Enough?, Jennifer Smith, Geoff Long, Peter Dawes, Oliver Runswick, Michael J. Tipton Nov 2020

Changes In Lifeguards’ Hazard Detection And Eye Movements With Experience: Is One Season Enough?, Jennifer Smith, Geoff Long, Peter Dawes, Oliver Runswick, Michael J. Tipton

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Surveillance is key to the lifesaving capability of lifeguards. Experienced personnel consistently display enhanced hazard detection capabilities compared to less experienced counterparts. However, the mechanisms which underpin this effect and the time it takes to develop these skills are not understood. We hypothesized that, after one season of experience, the number of hazards detected by, and eye movements of, less experienced lifeguards (LEL) would more closely approximate experienced lifeguards (EL). The LEL watched ‘beach scene’ videos at the beginning and end of their first season. The number of hazards detected and eye-movement data were collected and compared to the EL …


Botanical Tour Of Christian Art At The National Museum Of Ancient Art (Lisbon, Portugal), Luis Mendonça De Carvalho, Francisca Maria Fernandes, Maria De Fátima Nunes, Miriam Lopes, Maria Vlachou, Paula Nozes, Ana Maria Costa Aug 2020

Botanical Tour Of Christian Art At The National Museum Of Ancient Art (Lisbon, Portugal), Luis Mendonça De Carvalho, Francisca Maria Fernandes, Maria De Fátima Nunes, Miriam Lopes, Maria Vlachou, Paula Nozes, Ana Maria Costa

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Christian works of art, from the middle XIV to early XIX centuries, were studied in order to contribute to a new perspective of the cultural history of plants in Portuguese and European art displayed at the National Museum of Ancient Art (NMAA). The symbolic use of trees, leaves, flowers and fruits in painting, sculpture and tapestry were compared with theological data from the Bible, Apocrypha Gospels and codes of symbols from the XVII to XX centuries, as well as pictorial data from academic literature and photographic databases. We found 40 botanical taxa used as symbols that aimed to reinforce moral …


The Ocean Lifeguard Intervention Continuum: A Cognitive Aid For Surf Lifeguard Education, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Shane Scoggins, Paul Andrus, Jack A. Futoran May 2020

The Ocean Lifeguard Intervention Continuum: A Cognitive Aid For Surf Lifeguard Education, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Shane Scoggins, Paul Andrus, Jack A. Futoran

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Ocean lifeguards are constantly engaged in beach risk analysis, required to efficiently evaluate a variety of environmental and other factors quickly in order to triage and prioritize who needs help. Teaching these skills is a challenge for introductory training programs. We sought to improve new lifeguards’ understanding of the interaction of various risk components in the beach environment and aid decision-making related to when a lifeguard should intervene in a situation. We developed a two-part cognitive aid for introductory ocean lifeguard education depicting individual and interacting elements of a beach goer’s risk of drowning or injury and the process by …


Promising Practices For Boating Safety Initiatives That Target Indigenous Peoples In New Zealand, Australia, The United States Of America, And Canada, Mitchell Crozier, Audrey R. Giles May 2020

Promising Practices For Boating Safety Initiatives That Target Indigenous Peoples In New Zealand, Australia, The United States Of America, And Canada, Mitchell Crozier, Audrey R. Giles

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Boating-related incidents are responsible for a significant number of the drowning fatalities that occur within Indigenous communities in New Zealand, Australia, the USA, and Canada. The aim of this paper was to identify promising practices for boating safety initiatives that target Indigenous peoples within these countries and evaluate past and ongoing boating safety initiatives delivered to/with Indigenous peoples within these countries to suggest the ways in which they – or programs that follow them - may be more effective. Based upon evidence from previous research, boating safety initiatives that target Indigenous peoples in New Zealand, Australia, the USA, and Canada …


Staff Training In Aquatics For Individuals With Disabilities: The Quest, Susan J. Grosse May 2020

Staff Training In Aquatics For Individuals With Disabilities: The Quest, Susan J. Grosse

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Trained instructors in general programs have the ability and resources to initiate and follow through with developing water safe individuals who are capable swimmers. Specific staff training to prepare individuals to facilitate aquatic participation for individuals with disabilities is currently extremely limited. The purpose of this article is to examine the barriers to specialized staff training in aquatics for individuals with disabilities, to suggest necessary staff training content, and to propose topics for further research in the area of staff training. Seeking development of quality staff training programs for those working in aquatics for individuals with disabilities is the quest.


Wai Puna: An Indigenous Model Of Māori Water Safety And Health In Aotearoa, New Zealand, Chanel Phillips Ph.D. Apr 2020

Wai Puna: An Indigenous Model Of Māori Water Safety And Health In Aotearoa, New Zealand, Chanel Phillips Ph.D.

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Māori (the indigenous peoples of Aotearoa, New Zealand) are intimately connected to wai (i.e., water) yet are overrepresented in New Zealand’s drowning statistics each year. On average Māori account for 20-24% of all preventable and non-preventable drowning fatalities, despite comprising only 15 percent of New Zealand’s population. Drowning remains a significant issue posing a threat to whānau (i.e., families) through premature death being imminent and whakapapa (i.e., genealogy) being interrupted. There is limited research that has examined Māori and indigenous understandings of water safety within the literature and limited studies that have investigated the issue of Māori drowning from a …


Training Evaluation For Introductory Ocean Lifeguard Instruction: A Practical Example From California, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Jack Futoran Apr 2020

Training Evaluation For Introductory Ocean Lifeguard Instruction: A Practical Example From California, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Jack Futoran

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Ocean lifeguards have several responsibilities that require precise training. California State Parks is one of the largest providers of open water lifeguard services in the United States, and trains approximately 200 new lifeguards per year. As part of our lifeguard training section’s quality improvement efforts, we conducted a training needs assessment to help determine how well our introductory ocean lifeguard training curriculum prepared lifeguards to perform job related tasks upon successful completion of the training program. We surveyed both first year and seasoned lead lifeguards on operational needs, training gaps, and specific subject areas. We identified several areas where our …