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Articles 301 - 330 of 528
Full-Text Articles in Strategic Management Policy
Family Ownership And R&D Investment: The Role Of Growth Opportunities And Business Group Membership, Young Rok Choi, Shaker A. Zahra, Toru Yoshikawa, Bong H. Han
Family Ownership And R&D Investment: The Role Of Growth Opportunities And Business Group Membership, Young Rok Choi, Shaker A. Zahra, Toru Yoshikawa, Bong H. Han
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examines whether the influence of family ownership on R&D investment varies depending on growth opportunities and business group membership. Using data on Korean firms over ten years (1998-2007), the study shows that family ownership is negatively related to R&D investment, but the relationship becomes positive when growth opportunities are present. The moderating effect, however, differs between independent family firms and family business groups. The positive influence that growth opportunities have on promoting R&D investment is diminished for affiliates of family business groups. These findings imply that family owners invest more in R&D when their family control goals are …
The Effects Of Linguistic Distance And Lingua Franca Proficiency On The Stake Taken By Acquirers In Cross-Border Acquisitions, Ilya Cuypers, Gokhan Ertug, Jean-Francois Hennart
The Effects Of Linguistic Distance And Lingua Franca Proficiency On The Stake Taken By Acquirers In Cross-Border Acquisitions, Ilya Cuypers, Gokhan Ertug, Jean-Francois Hennart
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We study the effects of linguistic distance and lingua franca proficiency on the equity stake taken by acquirers from 67 countries in 59,092 acquisition targets in 69 host countries. We theorize and find that acquirers take lower equity stakes in foreign targets when linguistic distance and differences in lingua franca proficiency between them are high, and take higher stakes when the combined lingua franca proficiency of the parties is high. We also find that linguistic and cultural distance reduce the impact of the combined lingua franca proficiency of the parties on the level of equity taken, which shows that the …
Institutional Change Versus Resilience: A Study Of An Incorporation Of Independent Directors In Singapore Banks, Lai Si Tsui-Auch, Toru Yoshikawa
Institutional Change Versus Resilience: A Study Of An Incorporation Of Independent Directors In Singapore Banks, Lai Si Tsui-Auch, Toru Yoshikawa
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine how Anglo-American capital market logic penetrated into Singapore where relational logic tends to guide business activities and illustrate how domestic banks reacted to this imported logic in the corporate governance field. We argue that the banks’ ability to accommodate competing logics was enhanced by state agencies’ willingness to modify Anglo-American standards to fit the local context. Given the resulting institutional ambiguities in rules, local banks, while incorporating higher outside representation on their boards, reinterpreted the meaning of independence and emphasized the resource provision role rather than the monitoring function of outside directors. The resultant institutional change has been …
Innovation And Leadership: When Does Cmo Leadership Improve Performance From Innovation?, Adam J. Bock, Andreas B. Eisengenrich, Dmitry Sharapov, Gerard George
Innovation And Leadership: When Does Cmo Leadership Improve Performance From Innovation?, Adam J. Bock, Andreas B. Eisengenrich, Dmitry Sharapov, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Ensuring that organizational innovation generates value increasingly requires effective marketing management. Prior studies, however, report conflicting effects of chief marketing officer (CMO) leadership on how well the firm exploits innovation. These inconsistencies may be associated with firm-level innovation effort, customer focus, and industry type. We analyze archival data from 587 interviews with global CEOs to explain the effect of CMO leadership on outcomes of organizational innovation. CMO leadership of the firm's primary innovation mode is positively associated with product-market innovation effort but not marginal revenue from innovation. CMO leadership also moderates the relationship between customer focus and innovation revenue. Predictive …
West Meets East: New Concepts And Theories, Harry G. Barkema, Xiao-Ping Chen, Gerard George, Yadong Luo, Anne S. Tsui
West Meets East: New Concepts And Theories, Harry G. Barkema, Xiao-Ping Chen, Gerard George, Yadong Luo, Anne S. Tsui
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Management scholarship has grown tremendously over the past 60 years. Most of our paradigms originated from North America in the 1950s to the 1980s, inspired by the empirical phenomena and cultural, philosophical, and research traditions of the time. Here following, we highlight the contextual differences between the East and the West in terms of institutions, philosophies, and cultural values and how they are manifest in contemporary management practices. Inspired by theory development in management studies over time, we offer insights into the conditions facilitating new theories, and how these might apply to emergent theories from the East. We discuss the …
Expanding Context To Redefine Theories: Africa In Management Research, Gerard George
Expanding Context To Redefine Theories: Africa In Management Research, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
As a scholarly field matures, theories emerge that guide paradigms and shape consensus in academic discourse. Management theories reflect a shared consensus on how individual behaviors or organizational actions result in a certain set of outcomes and under specific conditions. Clearly, theory is paramount to guiding whether models of potential relationships bear out and how and why we would expect a relationship or specific outcome. Yet much of this theory is derived from cumulative empirical evidence from a ‘context’ that has remained a silent partner in our quest for a theoretical contribution. A growing number of papers emphasize the theoretical …
Anchors Weigh More Than Power: Why Absolute Powerlessness Liberates Negotiators To Achieve Better Outcomes, Michael Schaerer, Roderick I. Swaab, Adam D. Galinsky
Anchors Weigh More Than Power: Why Absolute Powerlessness Liberates Negotiators To Achieve Better Outcomes, Michael Schaerer, Roderick I. Swaab, Adam D. Galinsky
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The current research shows that having no power can be better than having a little power. Negotiators prefer having some power (weak negotiation alternatives) to having no power (no alternatives). We challenge this belief that having any alternative is beneficial by demonstrating that weak alternatives create low anchors that reduce the value of first offers. In contrast, having no alternatives is liberating because there is no anchor to weigh down first offers. In our experiments, negotiators with no alternatives felt less powerful but made higher first offers and secured superior outcomes compared with negotiators who had weak alternatives. We established …
Managing By Design: From The Editors, Marc Gruber, Nick De Leon, Gerard George, Paul Thompson
Managing By Design: From The Editors, Marc Gruber, Nick De Leon, Gerard George, Paul Thompson
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The article discusses product design as a form of innovation, focussing on its use on products and services. Topics include design management and business performance; the emphasis placed consumer needs as a source of innovation; and a discussion of how to use a design-process to generate innovation in any field.
Who Shall Get More? How Intangible Resources And Aspiration Levels Affect The Valuation Of Resource Providers, Gokhan Ertug, Fabrizio Castellucci
Who Shall Get More? How Intangible Resources And Aspiration Levels Affect The Valuation Of Resource Providers, Gokhan Ertug, Fabrizio Castellucci
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this study, we identify the effects of reputation and status by determining how they are differently valued by organizations that are concurrently pursuing different goals. Building on research on intangible assets and on aspiration levels, we develop a framework to explain organizations’ valuation of resource providers. We expect organizations to value resource providers who possess a specific type of intangible asset higher as their performance, relative to aspirations, decreases on the outcome more closely tied to that particular asset. We also expect to observe this sensitivity primarily when the organization has a low level of the intangible asset in …
How Product Attributes Influence Internationalization: A Framework Of Domain- And Culture-Specificity, Terence P. C. Fan, Alex Tai Loong Tan
How Product Attributes Influence Internationalization: A Framework Of Domain- And Culture-Specificity, Terence P. C. Fan, Alex Tai Loong Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper introduces two important dimensions of product attributes in the context of internationalization: domain- and culture-specificity. Products can be high or low in domain- or culture-specificity, thereby being one of four broad categories in a two-by-two matrix. This framework of product attributes helps explain a series of gradations on how cultural difference influences the difficulty of selling a product internationally. By examining four cases, one from each of these categories, this paper shows that different product attributes affect the difficulty or ease with which the products of these firms were internationalized. While all four cases were able to derive …
Social Entrepreneurship Intentions Of Nonprofit Organizations, Wee Liang Tan, So-Jin Yoo
Social Entrepreneurship Intentions Of Nonprofit Organizations, Wee Liang Tan, So-Jin Yoo
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Little is known about social entrepreneurship in nonprofit organizations (NPOs), especially about the factors that influence social entrepreneurship intentions at organizational level. Would existing NPOs, as opposed to new ones formed to embark on new social initiatives, strike out into a new territory, or engage in new ventures? What are the necessary internal organizational conditions? This study explores the direct effect of the organizational attributes on a NPO's intention to start a social enterprise. With a sample of 92 charities in Singapore, we found that NPOs led by CEOs with commercial experience, and NPOs possessing high collective efficacy and organization …
Corporate Social Performance, Analyst Stock Recommendations, And Firm Future Returns, Xueming Luo, Heli Wang, Sascha Raithel, Qinqin Zheng
Corporate Social Performance, Analyst Stock Recommendations, And Firm Future Returns, Xueming Luo, Heli Wang, Sascha Raithel, Qinqin Zheng
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study posits that security analysts heed corporate social performance information and factor it into their recommendations to general investors. In particular, as corporate social performance is often uncertain and ambiguous to general investors, analysts may serve as the informational pathway connecting corporate social performance to firm stock returns. Thus, we argue that analyst recommendations mediate the relationship between corporate social performance and firm stock returns. On the basis of not only a qualitative study with literature searches and interviews of stock analysts but also a quantitative study with two longitudinal samples of large firms, we find support for these …
Rethinking Governance In Management Research: From The Editors, Laszlo Tihanyi, Scott Graffin, Gerard George
Rethinking Governance In Management Research: From The Editors, Laszlo Tihanyi, Scott Graffin, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In the field of management, the study of governance has primarily dealt with decision-making by boards of directors, chief executives, and senior managers. The corporate governance literature has generated important insights regarding incentive alignment, risk taking, and coordination challenges. Emerging trends, highlighted in this issue, raise new questions regarding managerial roles, organizational contexts, internal and social processes, and changes in governance over time. We encourage management scholars to rethink their approach to governance research by considering stakeholder engagement, the implications of big data, social impact, global dimensions, and comparative analysis of governance. A broadened conceptualization of governance may also deal …
Substitutes Or Complements? A Configurational Examination Of Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Vilmos Misangyi, Abhijith G. Acharya
Substitutes Or Complements? A Configurational Examination Of Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Vilmos Misangyi, Abhijith G. Acharya
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We conduct an exploratory qualitative comparative case analysis of the S&P 1500 firms with the aim of elaborating theory on how corporate governance mechanisms work together effectively. To do so, we integrate extant theory and research to specify the bundle of mechanisms that operate to mitigate the agency problem among publicly traded corporations and review what previous research has said about how these mechanisms combine. We then use the fuzzy-set approach to qualitative comparitive analysis (QCA) to explore the combinations of governance mechanisms that exist among the S&P 1500 firms that achieve high (and not-high) profitability. Our findings suggest that …
Efficacy Of R&D Work In Offshore Captive Centers: An Empirical Study Of Task Characteristics, Coordination Mechanisms, And Performance, Deepa Mani, Kannan Srikanth, Anandhi Bharadwaj
Efficacy Of R&D Work In Offshore Captive Centers: An Empirical Study Of Task Characteristics, Coordination Mechanisms, And Performance, Deepa Mani, Kannan Srikanth, Anandhi Bharadwaj
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Seizing the latest technological advances in distributed work, an increasing number of firms have set up offshore captive centers (CCs) in emerging economies to carry out sophisticated R&D work. We analyse survey data from 132 R&D CCs established by foreign multinational companies in India to understand how firms execute distributed innovative work. Specifically, we examine the performance outcomes of projects using different technology-enabled coordination strategies to manage their interdependencies across multiple locations. We find that modularization of work across locations is largely ineffective when the underlying tasks are less routinized, less analyzable, and less familiar to the CC. Coordination based …
How Firms Respond To Financial Restatement: Ceo Successors And External Reactions, David Gomulya, Warren Boeker
How Firms Respond To Financial Restatement: Ceo Successors And External Reactions, David Gomulya, Warren Boeker
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Although past studies have paid considerable attention to firms' reputations, few have investigated the actions that firms take following a reputation-damaging event. We identify firms involved in financial earnings restatements and examine whether naming a successor CEO with specific qualities serves to signal the seriousness of a firm's efforts to restore its reputation. Using theories of market signaling, we argue that attributes of successor CEOs significantly influence the reactions of key external constituencies. In particular, firms with more severe restatement tend to name successors who have prior CEO or turnaround experience and a more elite education. The naming of such …
Cash Is Suprisingly Valuable As A Strategic Asset, Changhyun Kim, Richard A. Bettis
Cash Is Suprisingly Valuable As A Strategic Asset, Changhyun Kim, Richard A. Bettis
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Academics, politicians, and journalists are often highly critical of U.S. firms for holding too much cash. Cash holdings are stockpiled free-cash flow and incur substantial opportunity costs from the perspectives of economics. However, behavioral theory highlights the benefits of cash holdings as fungible slack resources facilitating adaptive advantages. We use the countervailing forces embodied in these two theories to hypothesize and test a quadratic functional relationship of returns to cash measured by Tobin's q. We also build and test a related novel hypothesis of scale-dependent returns to cash based on the competitive strategy concept of strategic deterrence. Tests for both …
Kinship In Entrepreneur Networks: Performance Effects Of Resource Assembly In Africa, Jane N. O. Khayesi, Gerard George, John Antonakis
Kinship In Entrepreneur Networks: Performance Effects Of Resource Assembly In Africa, Jane N. O. Khayesi, Gerard George, John Antonakis
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine the relationship among structural social capital, resource assembly, and firm performance of entrepreneurs in Africa. We posit that social capital primarily composed of kinship or family ties helps the entrepreneur to raise resources, but it does so at a cost. Using data drawn from small firms in Kampala, Uganda, we explore how shared identity among the entrepreneur's social network moderates the relationship between social capital and outcomes. A large network contributed a higher quantity of resources raised, but at a higher cost when shared identity was high. We discuss the implications of these findings for the role of …
The Role Of Operations Executives In Strategy Making, Lieven Demeester, Arnoud De Meyer, Jovan Grahovac
The Role Of Operations Executives In Strategy Making, Lieven Demeester, Arnoud De Meyer, Jovan Grahovac
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Creating competitive advantage based on operations capabilities is likely to require much analysis and communication within the operations function. At the same time, much communication and joint strategizing with the top and other functional executives is likely to be needed as well. Hence, given that operations executives have limited time and also have to perform many other routine tasks, they need to manage two tradeoffs. The first one is between the time spent on strategy making and the time spent on everything else. The other is within strategy making, between the time spent on "functional deliberation" within the operations function …
Rethinking Cross-Border Talent Management: The Emerging Markets Perspective, Tejpavan Gandhok, Richard Raymond Smith
Rethinking Cross-Border Talent Management: The Emerging Markets Perspective, Tejpavan Gandhok, Richard Raymond Smith
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A closer look at the relatively little understood issue of how and why emerging market MNCs manage their senior talent for international growth leads us to question the conventional wisdom on talent management practices.
Firm Litigation Risk And The Insurance Value Of Corporate Social Performance, Ping-Sheng Koh, Cuili Qian, Heli Wang
Firm Litigation Risk And The Insurance Value Of Corporate Social Performance, Ping-Sheng Koh, Cuili Qian, Heli Wang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper advances the risk management perspective that superior social performance enhances firm value by serving as an ex ante valuable insurance mechanism. We posit that good social performance is more valuable as an insurance mechanism for firms with higher litigation risks. Moreover, value generation of corporate social performance (CSP) depends on whether a firm has gained pragmatic legitimacy (i.e., a firm's financial health) and moral legitimacy (i.e., whether or not a firm operates in a socially contested industry) among its stakeholders. We find that the value of CSP as insurance against litigation risk is practically significant, adding 2 to …
Organizations With Purpose: From The Editors, Elaine Hollensbe, Charles Wookey, Loughlin Hickey, Gerard George, Vincent Nichols
Organizations With Purpose: From The Editors, Elaine Hollensbe, Charles Wookey, Loughlin Hickey, Gerard George, Vincent Nichols
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Trust in business is improving from its nadir in 2009, but still remains dishearteningly low. Recent surveys report that only one in four members of the general public trusts business leaders to correct issues, and only one in five trusts them to tell the truth and make ethical and moral decisions. The 2014 Edelman Trust Barometer, a 27-country survey with more than 33,000 respondents, finds that overall trust declined across countries and sectors, with CEOs ranking second lowest at 43% and government officials the lowest at 36% as credible spokespeople to win public trust (Edelman Berland, 2014). This public distrust …
Mobility, Retention And Productivity Of Genomics Scientists In The United States, Kenneth Guang-Lih Huang, Gokhan Ertug
Mobility, Retention And Productivity Of Genomics Scientists In The United States, Kenneth Guang-Lih Huang, Gokhan Ertug
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Scientific and technological innovations by highly skilled scientists and inventors are critical to the long-term economic health of the United States. These scientists enable the creation and flow of scientific research and technologies from public institutions such as universities to private firms and vice versa by forming vital linkages between them. The exchange of new ideas and the commercialization of promising scientific and technological innovations have resulted in the formation of new high-technology startups, growth opportunities within entrepreneurial and established science-based firms, and jobs creation. These form the backbone of the scientific innovation ecosystem in the United States. A potential …
Coordinated Exploration: Organizing Joint Search By Multiple Specialists To Overcome Mutual Confusion And Joint Myopia, Thorbjørn Knudsen, Kannan Srikanth
Coordinated Exploration: Organizing Joint Search By Multiple Specialists To Overcome Mutual Confusion And Joint Myopia, Thorbjørn Knudsen, Kannan Srikanth
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this paper, we use an agent-based simulation model to investigate how coordinated exploration by multiple specialists, as in new product development, is different from individual search. We find that coordinated exploration is subject to two pathologies not present in unitary search: mutual confusion and joint myopia. In joint search, feedback to one agent’s actions is confounded by the actions of the other agent. Search therefore leads to increasing mutual confusion because agents are unable to learn from feedback to correct their faulty mental models of the search space. Incorrect beliefs held by one agent lead to mistakes, and because …
Outward Foreign Direct Investment By Emerging Market Firms: A Resource Dependence Logic, Jun Xia, Xufei Ma, Jane W. Lu, Daphne W. Yiu
Outward Foreign Direct Investment By Emerging Market Firms: A Resource Dependence Logic, Jun Xia, Xufei Ma, Jane W. Lu, Daphne W. Yiu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examines and extends the resource dependence logic of diversification for a better understanding of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) activities by emerging market firms. We contend that the diversification logic is bounded by state ownership, an important but less considered component of interdependence. Our empirical results, based on panel data analysis of Chinese listed firms, suggest that the level of interdependence between Chinese and foreign firms in China in multiple forms, including symbiotic, competitive, and partner interdependencies, is positively associated with the level of the Chinese firms' OFDI activities. However, Chinese firms with higher levels of state ownership …
Dueling Institutional Logics And The Effect On Strategic Entrepreneurship In Chinese Business Groups, Daphne W. Yiu, Robert E. Hoskisson, Garry D. Bruton, Yuan Lu
Dueling Institutional Logics And The Effect On Strategic Entrepreneurship In Chinese Business Groups, Daphne W. Yiu, Robert E. Hoskisson, Garry D. Bruton, Yuan Lu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Focusing on a period of institutional friction when institutions are in transition, this study examines the dueling institutional logics that simultaneously operated as business groups were implemented to foster strategic entrepreneurship activities in China. Our findings from 1,095 Chinese business group-affiliated firms show that the original institutional logic of state control and ownership remains a potent factor, while the new institutional logic in support of strategic entrepreneurship takes place through business groups' informal and formal organization controls. Further, the state logic causes rigidity and inflexibility for firms to react to the new institutional demands, thus weakening the positive effects of …
Aging Populations And Management: From The Editors, Carol T. Kulik, Susan Ryan, Sarah Harper, Gerard George
Aging Populations And Management: From The Editors, Carol T. Kulik, Susan Ryan, Sarah Harper, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The human population is aging at a rate “without parallel in the history of humanity” (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2001: xxviii). The aging of the world population is driven by two trends. First, there has been a dramatic increase in life expectancy. In the United Kingdom, for example, 10 million people are over 65 years old (roughly, 1 in 6 individuals). The latest projections are for 5½ million more elderly people in 20 years' time, and the number will have nearly doubled to around 19 million (roughly, 1 in 4 individuals) by 2050 (Cracknell, …
A Template For Invention: Renewing & Recycling Knowledge Components, Tufool Alnuaimi, Gerard George, Simon J.D. Schillebeeckx
A Template For Invention: Renewing & Recycling Knowledge Components, Tufool Alnuaimi, Gerard George, Simon J.D. Schillebeeckx
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We explore how old technologies can be recombined to generate new inventions. We consider four ways by which old technologies can serve as templates: subtraction, reconfiguration, addition, and replacement. Subtraction and reconfiguration do not require changing a prior combination of components, whereas for the latter two, new components are introduced. We test these ideas using patent data from the US semiconductor industry. The study’s findings suggest that re-using previous combinations results in higher impact. However, not all prior technologies are equally useful; inventions that recombine components from recently developed technologies were found to have a higher impact. We also show …
Are Public-Private Partnerships A Healthy Option? A Systematic Review., Jens K. Roehrich, Michael A. Lewis, Gerard George
Are Public-Private Partnerships A Healthy Option? A Systematic Review., Jens K. Roehrich, Michael A. Lewis, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Governments around the world, but especially in Europe, have increasingly used private sector involvement in developing, financing and providing public health infrastructure and service delivery through public–private partnerships (PPPs). Reasons for this uptake are manifold ranging from rising expenditures for refurbishing, maintaining and operating public assets, and increasing constraints on government budgets stifle, seeking innovation through private sector acumen and aiming for better risk management. Although PPPs have attracted practitioner and academic interest over the last two decades, there has been no attempt to integrate the general and health management literature to provide a holistic view of PPPs in healthcare …
Firm As A Coordination System: Evidence From Offshore Software Services, Kannan Srikanth, Phanish Puranam
Firm As A Coordination System: Evidence From Offshore Software Services, Kannan Srikanth, Phanish Puranam
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
To examine what, if any, are the differences in how activities are coordinated within versus between firms, we conducted interviews with 32 project managers regarding 60 projects in the offshore software services industry. Uniquely, our projects were sampled along two dimensions: (1) colocation versus spatial distribution and (2) delivery by groups of individuals from a single firm versus from multiple firms. Our evidence suggests that in colocated projects, the same broad categories of coordination mechanisms are used both within and between firms. However, there is a qualitative difference in how geographically (i.e., spatially) distributed projects are coordinated within versus between …