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Articles 631 - 660 of 734
Full-Text Articles in Strategic Management Policy
Strategic Orientation Of High-Technology Firms In A Transitional Economy, Chung-Ming Lau, Daphne W. Yiu, Ping-Kwong Yeung, Yuan Lu
Strategic Orientation Of High-Technology Firms In A Transitional Economy, Chung-Ming Lau, Daphne W. Yiu, Ping-Kwong Yeung, Yuan Lu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Strategic orientation is a critical factor for a firm's competitiveness in a transitional economy context but it is understudied in the current literature. This article examines the antecedents of strategic orientation from both the socio-cognitive and resource-based view perspectives. The study posits that the strategic orientations of firms in a transitional economy context are influenced by the top managers' cognitions and organizational resources. Based on a national survey of high-technology firms in China, the study finds that a stronger market-focused strategic orientation was facilitated by managerial cognitions about the future of the industry and current operation and performance of the …
Explaining The Spatial Organization Of Creative Industries: The Case Of The U.S. Videogames Industry, F. Ted Tschang, Jan Vang
Explaining The Spatial Organization Of Creative Industries: The Case Of The U.S. Videogames Industry, F. Ted Tschang, Jan Vang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The paper presents a picture of the spatial location of the U.S. videogames industry as a broad range of clusters of different sizes, none of them dominant, then uses a variety of qualitative evidence (including interview and ethnographic) to illustrate a theory of how these variegated clusters have emerged and continue to persist, each in their own right. In effect, our main findings are that videogame clusters do not operate as other creative industry clusters, as described by the recent theories of buzz applied to other creative industries, nor by conventional linkage arguments (either to suppliers or financier-distributors). Rather, the …
Asian Research Universities: What Does The Future Hold?, Knowledge@Smu
Asian Research Universities: What Does The Future Hold?, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
Asian universities strive to become leading global research centres of excellence, they face a number of local and international issues and challenges. Very few will make the grade in terms of advancing knowledge, delivering outstanding graduates, and creating new technologies and industries to drive economic development in the region. At the February 2008 Singapore Management University Distinguished Presidential Lecture, Dr Suh Nam Pyo – previously at MIT for over three decades and currently president of the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) -- outlined his own institution’s efforts to excel as a 21st century research university.
Change And Continuity In Japanese Corporate Governance, Toru Yoshikawa, Jean Mcguire
Change And Continuity In Japanese Corporate Governance, Toru Yoshikawa, Jean Mcguire
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Previous studies on Japanese corporate governance were largely based on the agency theory framework, and can be seen as attempts to understand the unique monitoring mechanisms in the Japanese context. This paper briefly reviews prior research and then discusses the recent changes in the environment that have been affecting Japanese corporate governance. Our central argument is that there is both change and continuity in Japanese Corporate Governance. We also present emerging research from an institutional theory perspective. In this line of research, corporate governance is treated as part of a nation’s institutional framework and hence, researchers need to understand unique …
The Implications Of Debt Heterogeneity For R&D Investment And Firm Performance, Parthiban David, Jonathan P. O'Brien, Toru Yoshikawa
The Implications Of Debt Heterogeneity For R&D Investment And Firm Performance, Parthiban David, Jonathan P. O'Brien, Toru Yoshikawa
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
An assumption in prior research is that debt is homogeneous and provides inappropriate governance for R&D investments. We argue that debt is heterogeneous: although transactional debt does indeed impose strict contractual constraints that provide inappropriate governance for R&D investments, relational debt has very different characteristics that provide more appropriate governance. Using a sample of Japanese firms, we find that firms that align their debt structures with their R&D investments perform better than those that are misaligned. Furthermore, firms tend to align their debt structure with R&D investments, but only after deregulation permits relatively free access to various types of debt.
The Role Of The Board And Its Interaction With The Successor's Human Capital In The Asian Family Enterprise, Soo-Hoon Lee, Phillip H. Phan, Toru Yoshikawa
The Role Of The Board And Its Interaction With The Successor's Human Capital In The Asian Family Enterprise, Soo-Hoon Lee, Phillip H. Phan, Toru Yoshikawa
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examined the human and social capital factors associated with higher post-succession firm performance in family enterprises in Singapore. We also investigated the moderating influence of the board of directors in terms of its service role as stewards of the enterprise. We found that a successor's industry experience and diversity of network ties were positively associated with firm performance and boards that focused their role as advisors to the successor enhanced post-succession firm performance.
Too Little Or Too Much? Untangling The Relationship Between Corporate Philanthropy And Corporate Financial Performance, Heli Wang, Jaepil Choi, Jiatao Li
Too Little Or Too Much? Untangling The Relationship Between Corporate Philanthropy And Corporate Financial Performance, Heli Wang, Jaepil Choi, Jiatao Li
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
What is the relationship between corporate philanthropy and corporate financial performance? Some scholars argue that corporate philanthropy facilitates stakeholder cooperation and helps secure access to critical resources controlled by those stakeholders, suggesting that corporate philanthropy should be positively associated with corporate financial performance. In contrast, other scholars take a negative stance, suggesting that corporate philanthropy diverts valuable corporate resources and tends to inhibit corporate financial performance. Existing empirical studies have not found conclusive evidence on the corporate philanthropy-financial performance relationship. Integrating and extending existing perspectives, this study develops the argument that the relationship between corporate philanthropy and financial performance is …
When Asian Small And Medium-Sized Family Firms Spread Their Wings, Wee Liang Tan
When Asian Small And Medium-Sized Family Firms Spread Their Wings, Wee Liang Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
Technology Strategy And China's Technology Capacity Building, Arnoud De Meyer
Technology Strategy And China's Technology Capacity Building, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
China has the potential to become a major source of innovation for the world. The scientific investment is in place and rapidly growing. But in order to reap the benefits of this investment its organisations will have to become better at managing innovation. One of the key elements of innovation management is the determination and implementation of a sound technology strategy. The purpose of this paper is to offer a framework and a detailed overview of what it entails to develop and implement a technology strategy. The paper emphasizes the alignment of the strategy with the organisational competencies and the …
Commercialization Of Science: A Longitudinal Study Of Knowledge Distance, Firm Capabilities, And The Structure Of Licensing Contracts, Reddi Kotha, Gerard George
Commercialization Of Science: A Longitudinal Study Of Knowledge Distance, Firm Capabilities, And The Structure Of Licensing Contracts, Reddi Kotha, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Though the popularity of research on technology transfer offices (TTOs) has vastly increased, there is little empirical evidence of how the potential value for a technology is estimated and negotiated in a license. Limited qualitative work and empirical work (e.g., Owen-Smith, 2005) tap into the underlying decisions before a technology can be licensed. Consequently, we know very little on how a particular technology is valued and its impact on contract design. In this study, we analyze the content, design, and performance of 847 licensing contracts between university technology transfer offices and firms.
Making Great People Decisions Is The Toughest Business Challenge Say Top Executives, Knowledge@Smu
Making Great People Decisions Is The Toughest Business Challenge Say Top Executives, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
Where great people decisions are concerned, the right person in a leadership position can take an organisation to greater heights, but the wrong candidate can steer a path to disaster. Founding leader of global search firm Egon Zehnder International, Claudio Fernandez-Araoz, introduced his new book, Great People Decisions, recently at a Singapore Management University Distinguished Public Lecture, followed by a panel discussion featuring top executives in Singapore.
Japanese Corporate Governance: Structural Change And Financial Performance, Asli M. Colpan, Toru Yoshikawa, Takashi Hikino, Hiroaki Miyoshi
Japanese Corporate Governance: Structural Change And Financial Performance, Asli M. Colpan, Toru Yoshikawa, Takashi Hikino, Hiroaki Miyoshi
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper analyzes institutional and legal changes related to corporate governance and their impact on financial performance in Japan since the second half of the 1990s. We attempt to address two issues systematically: (1) how much the governance reforms of Japanese firms transformed the conventional system of alliance capitalism and managerial control; and (2) what economic outcomes those governance changes have yielded. As the Commercial Code and other legal and institutional frameworks were revised, Japanese firms experienced shifts in terms of stock ownership, corporate control and managerial organizations. Our empirical results show that the influence of new ownership composition and …
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is a small but theoretically important literature on 'born-globals' or international new venture firms that positions itself in contrast to the more established sequential international entry literature. In this paper we examine the pattern of entry into international markets for a set of international new ventures and show that they need not be a distinct breed of firms, as previous research has portrayed. Absent a specific technological advantage, the decision for a new venture to internationalize at inception is influenced by the size of its home market and by its production capacity, as well as by cultural and economic …
Business Groups: An Integrated Model To Focus Future Research, Daphne W. Yiu, Yuan Lu, Garry D. Bruton, Robert E. Hoskisson
Business Groups: An Integrated Model To Focus Future Research, Daphne W. Yiu, Yuan Lu, Garry D. Bruton, Robert E. Hoskisson
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Business groups are the primary form of managing large business organizations outside North America. This paper provides a systematic and integrative framework for understanding business groups. We argue that existing theoretical perspectives of business groups pay attention to four critical external contexts, each of which draws from a specific theoretical perspective: market conditions (transaction cost theory), social relationships (relational perspective), political factors (political economy perspective), and external monitoring mechanisms (agency theory). Business groups adapt to these external forces by deploying various internal mechanisms along two key dimensions: one focuses on the distinctive roles of the group affiliates (horizontal connectedness) and …
Corporate Governance Reform As Institutional Innovation: The Case Of Japan, Toru Yoshikawa, Lai Si Tsui-Auch, Jean Mcguire
Corporate Governance Reform As Institutional Innovation: The Case Of Japan, Toru Yoshikawa, Lai Si Tsui-Auch, Jean Mcguire
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
To address the convergence-divergence debate in corporate governance, we conduct a multiple-case, multiple-level study to analyze the diffusion of governance innovation in Japan. We argue that Japanese systems of corporate governance neither fully converge to, nor completely diverge from, the Anglo-American model. Rather, Sony-the pioneer of corporate governance reforms-and its followers selectively adopted features from this model, decoupled them from the original context, and tailored them to fit to their own situations to generate governance innovation. However, we find that the spread of innovation across firms and institutional levels is far from linear and straightforward, and that other well-regarded firms …
The Promise Of A Managerial Values Approach To Corporate Philanthropy, Jaepil Choi, Heli Wang
The Promise Of A Managerial Values Approach To Corporate Philanthropy, Jaepil Choi, Heli Wang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article presents an alternative rationale for corporate philanthropy based on managerial values of benevolence and integrity. On the one hand, top managers with benevolence and integrity values are more likely to spread their intrinsic concern for others into the wider society in the form of corporate philanthropy. On the other hand, top managers high in benevolence and integrity are likely to contribute to improved managerial credibility and trusting firm-stakeholder relationships, thereby improving corporate financial performance. Therefore, the article makes the argument that both corporate philanthropy and corporate financial performance can better be interpreted as resulting from managers’ benevolence and …
Understanding Chinese Business Behaviour: A Historical Perspective, Taieb Hafsi, Li Yan
Understanding Chinese Business Behaviour: A Historical Perspective, Taieb Hafsi, Li Yan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The behaviour of Chinese business has been studied by a variety of strategic management scholars (see in particular Hafsi and Tian, 2005; Peng, 2006; Peng and Heat, 1996). Most of these studies rely on traditional data gathering, either in the form of interviews or published data banks. Very little attention has been given to history as a determinant of strategic behaviour. In this paper, we propose that the cognitive orientation of Chinese managers is dominated by their knowledge and understanding of Chinese history. We take the Three Kingdoms historic novel as a proxy to history to derive basic behavioral norms …
Coordination In Distributed Organizations, Kannan Srikanth
Coordination In Distributed Organizations, Kannan Srikanth
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Innovative work performed in a distributed fashion does not easily lend to itself either of two classic coordination strategies - anticipatory planning or ongoing rich communication. We study how innovative work that is distributed across space and time is coordinated in global software service organizations. Our findings indicate that neither coordination by plan nor coordination by feedback play a dominant role in the coordination of distributed software services delivery. Instead, we find that the firms we studied coordinate action distributed work by relying on common ground. Common ground leads to coordinated action across locations by two means: the anticipation effect …
What They Know Vs. What They Do: How Acquirers Leverage Technology Acquisitions, Phanish Puranam, Kannan Srikanth
What They Know Vs. What They Do: How Acquirers Leverage Technology Acquisitions, Phanish Puranam, Kannan Srikanth
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Existing research suggests that in acquisitions of small technology-based firms by large established firms post-merger integration both enables and hinders acquirers' efforts to leverage the technology of acquired firms. This apparent paradox can be resolved once we account for the qualitatively distinct ways in which acquirers leverage technology acquisitions. Integration helps acquirers use the acquired firm's existing knowledge as an input to their own innovation processes (leveraging what they know), but hinders their reliance on the acquired firm as an independent source of ongoing innovation (leveraging what they do). We also show that experienced acquirers are better able to mitigate …
An Empirical Examination Of The Mechanisms Mediating Between High Performance Work Systems And The Performance Of Japanese Organizations, Riki Takeuchi, David P. Lepak, Heli Wang, Kazuo Takeuchi
An Empirical Examination Of The Mechanisms Mediating Between High Performance Work Systems And The Performance Of Japanese Organizations, Riki Takeuchi, David P. Lepak, Heli Wang, Kazuo Takeuchi
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The resource-based view of the firm and social exchange perspectives are invoked to hypothesize linkages among high-performance work systems, collective human capital, the degree of social exchange in an establishment, and establishment performance. The authors argue that high-performance work systems generate a high level of collective human capital and encourage a high degree of social exchange within an organization, and that these are positively related to the organization's overall performance. On the basis of a sample of Japanese establishments, the results provide support for the existence of these mediating mechanisms through which high-performance work systems affect overall establishment performance.
Advertisements In Your Office Building: A Look At Focus Media's Business Model, Knowledge@Smu
Advertisements In Your Office Building: A Look At Focus Media's Business Model, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
Focus Media is the darling of investors. The company, which has placed LCD advertising screens in office buildings and other venues in some 50 cities around China, has been expanding throughout the country at a feverish rate, causing ad revenues to soar and setting share prices on a steady upward trend. Some say that the company is filling a real need in the market for advertisers trying to reach potential customers, and that the concept of advertising in confined spaces is a very good selling point. However, other observers doubt the impact and effectiveness of LCD advertising, and say there …
As Citigroup Increases Its High-Skilled Headcount In India, Will Others Follow?, Knowledge@Smu
As Citigroup Increases Its High-Skilled Headcount In India, Will Others Follow?, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
On April 11, Citigroup CEO Charles Prince announced a massive restructuring program that involves cutting 17,000 jobs and moving more than 9,500 to locations in low-cost countries. Citigroup watchers expect some 8,000 jobs to head for India, including the outsourcing of select high-end back-office functions. If that phenomenon gathers momentum beyond the financial services industry, the U.S. could lose far more jobs than previously predicted across the skills and wage spectrum. India Knowledge@Wharton spoke with Wharton professors to understand this emerging trend in global job movements. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Developing Story: Global Publishing Houses See New Potential In Indian Media, Knowledge@Smu
Developing Story: Global Publishing Houses See New Potential In Indian Media, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
Global media houses have been systematically targeting India over the past two years, encouraged primarily by burgeoning readership levels and relaxed government policies on foreign investment in the industry. At the same time, deep-pocketed advertisers are zeroing in on a young, brand-aware population's rising income and literacy levels. In addition, foreign private equity investors and publishers have set up alliances with domestic players; new mainstream newspapers and niche magazines have been launched, and regional-language publishers have increased their reach. India Knowledge@Wharton spoke to publishers and market analysts about this media boom.
The Puzzle Of Insular Domains: A Longitudinal Study Of Knowledge Structuration And Innovation In Biotechnology Firms, Gerald George, Reddi Kotha, Yanfeng Zheng
The Puzzle Of Insular Domains: A Longitudinal Study Of Knowledge Structuration And Innovation In Biotechnology Firms, Gerald George, Reddi Kotha, Yanfeng Zheng
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this study we explain the puzzle of insular domains: insular domains are niches where new innovation is built on the knowledge within the domain. Given the nature of knowledge needed for new innovation in an insular domain the puzzle is why do new firms enter these niches? In a longitudinal sample of 128 biotechnology start-ups founded from 1980 to 1999 we explain why start-ups enter insular domains and how the start-ups develop technology capabilities.
Joint Ventures And Real Options: An Integrated Perspective, Ilya Cuypers, Xavier Martin
Joint Ventures And Real Options: An Integrated Perspective, Ilya Cuypers, Xavier Martin
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We provide a comprehensive synthesis and extension of the real option (RO) literature on joint ventures (JVs), contributing in three main areas. First, we examine major alternative theoretical perspectives on JVs - learning, bargaining, transaction cost and agency theory - to elaborate how they complement or contradict RO predictions. Second, we compare arguments and variables used to explain different JV stages - initial RO explicitness and equity shares, JV stability, and performance consequences - and highlight research opportunities. Third, we discuss and extend research about behavioral aspects of making RO (JV) investments. Overall, we offer new predictions and suggestions for …
Towards A Holistic Framework In Fostering Spirituality At Work, Gilbert Tan
Towards A Holistic Framework In Fostering Spirituality At Work, Gilbert Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Management theories are shaped by the assumptions of man. The Scientific and Administrative School of Thoughts adopt a mechanistic view of human. The Human Relations School views humans as social beings. Spirituality at work looks at the spiritual side of the organization and views an as a spiritual being. This paper proposes a holistic framework to spirituality at work. Taking a systems approach the framework discusses how training, cultural and structural interventions directed the four sub-systems of the organization, namely, culture, leadership, structure and people, help to promote spirituality at work. The framework also discusses the organizational and individual outcomes …
Performance Differences Across Strategic Groups: An Examination Of Financial Market-Based Performance Measures, J. Rajendran Pandian, Howard Thomas, Olivier Furrer, William C. Bogner
Performance Differences Across Strategic Groups: An Examination Of Financial Market-Based Performance Measures, J. Rajendran Pandian, Howard Thomas, Olivier Furrer, William C. Bogner
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
One of the more interesting issues in the strategic management field is the question of whether intra-industry performance differences exist, particularly across strategic groups. Most of the existing studies have used accounting measures of performance despite the documented weaknesses of such measures. This paper examines whether financial market-based measures of performance are superior to accounting-based measures in identifying performance differences across strategic groups. Hypotheses are tested on data from an existing sample of firms in the US pharmaceutical industry. The empirical results indicate that performance differences are more likely to exist across strategic groups when financial market performance measures are …
A Capabilities Perspective On The Effects Of Early Internationalization On Firm Survival And Growth, Harry J. Sapienza, Erkko Autio, Gerard George, Shaker A. Zahra
A Capabilities Perspective On The Effects Of Early Internationalization On Firm Survival And Growth, Harry J. Sapienza, Erkko Autio, Gerard George, Shaker A. Zahra
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Recent critiques of internationalization process models question the wisdom of delaying internationalization. Internationalizing late allows firms to assemble resources and gain experience but also allows inertia to develop. We resolve this tension by positing that internationalization has differing effects on firm survival and growth. These effects are moderated by organizational age, managerial experience, and resource fungibility. Our framework provides insights into the evolution of capabilities across borders and may be tested and built on by organization researchers.
Partnering Strategies And Performance Of Smes' International Joint Ventures, Jane Wenzhen Lu, Paul W. Beamish
Partnering Strategies And Performance Of Smes' International Joint Ventures, Jane Wenzhen Lu, Paul W. Beamish
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The international joint venture (IJV) is an important mode in the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Internationalization in turn is an entrepreneurial behavior in the pursuit of growth. Partnering strategies in the formation of IJVs can have significant effects on the outcome of SMEs' international expansion. In this study, we examine the performance implications of two types of resources contributed by SMEs' IJV partners, host country knowledge and size-based resources. We develop and test three sets of hypotheses about the longevity and financial performance of a sample of 1117 international joint ventures established in 43 countries by 614 …
Strategic Investments In Japanese Corporations: Do Foreign Portfolio Owners Foster Underinvestment Or Appropriate Investment?, Parthiban David, Toru Yoshikawa, Murali D. R. Chari, Abdul A. Rasheed
Strategic Investments In Japanese Corporations: Do Foreign Portfolio Owners Foster Underinvestment Or Appropriate Investment?, Parthiban David, Toru Yoshikawa, Murali D. R. Chari, Abdul A. Rasheed
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper investigates the effect of foreign ownership on strategic investments in Japanese corporations. Foreign owners are typically portfolio investors who frequently buy and sell shares and hold diversified portfolios of small stakes in many firms. Prior research has presented two conflicting perspectives on the role of such investors: (a) their frequent trading leads to pressure for short-term returns that fosters underinvestment; (b) their active trading fosters appropriate investments. We investigated the relationship between foreign ownership and strategic investments using dynamic panel data analysis of a sample of 146 Japanese manufacturing firms from 1991 to 1997. We found that foreign …