Management Information Systems Commons^™

A Chatbot Tutor Can Lessen The Gender Confidence Gap In Information Systems Learning, Cherileigh Leavitt, Madison Corbin, Mark Keith, Ryan Schuetzler, Degan Kettles, Greg Anderson

Faculty Publications

Women are underrepresented in the information systems discipline as well as other STEM fields. A common explanation for the significant gender gap is the difference in women’s and men’s self-efficacy concerning information systems (IS) tasks and roles during their secondary education. As a potential solution, this study explores how chatbot tutors impact confidence differently between 136 women and men in an introductory programming course. Our findings confirmed prior research showing that while men have greater confidence in information systems tasks, there is no difference in performance in those tasks between women and men. Next, we found that a chatbot used …

Demystifying The Roles Of Organisational Smart Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics And Algorithms Capability: A Srategy For Green Human Resource Management And Environmental Sustainability, Samuel Ogbeibu, Jude Emelifeonwu, Vijay Pereira, Raphael Oseghale, James Gaskin, Uthayasankar Sivarajah, Angappa Gunasekaran

Faculty Publications

With growing climate change concerns, and constant advancements in smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, and algorithms (STARA), organisations in emerging economies are becoming more compelled to go green, develop and deploy their STARA capability to boost profits more effectively, and their environmental sustainability (ES). Likewise, with governments increasingly calling for ES, organisations' human resource management (HRM) is further pressured to ensure their programmes aid realisation of environmental objectives without compromising profit maximisation. However, it remains unclear how complementary Green HRM (GHRM) programmes can be supported by organisational STARA capability (OSC) to bolster ES. Accordingly, we investigate how OSC and GHRM …

When Is Enough, Enough? An Examination Of Student Engagement When Watching Online Group Project Presentations, Manasvi Kumar, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, David Kim

Faculty Publications

In traditional face-to-face classes, conventional wisdom suggests that delivering and watching group project presentations is a valuable learning experience. In this research, we examine the limits of student engagement and learning in an asynchronous online context. Specifically, 249 undergraduate students were assigned to perform peer evaluations of multiple ten-minute project presentations. The online learning platform collected objective viewing behavior for each student, allowing us to use viewing time as a proxy for engagement. We also collected self-reported attitudes towards the assignment, finding that while students value providing feedback, they do not consider it a valuable use of their time. Students …

Do Privacy Assurances Work? A Study Of Truthfulness In Healthcare History Data Collection, Tamara M. Masters, Mark Keith, Rachel Hess, Jeffrey L. Jenkins

Faculty Publications

Patients often provide untruthful information about their health to avoid embarrassment, evade treatment, or prevent financial loss. Privacy disclosures (e.g. HIPAA) intended to dissuade privacy concerns may actually increase patient lying. We used new mouse trackingbased technology to detect lies through mouse movement (distance and time to response) and patient answer adjustment in an online controlled study of 611 potential patients, randomly assigned to one of six treatments. Treatments differed in the notices patients received before health information was requested, including notices about privacy, benefits of truthful disclosure, and risks of inaccurate disclosure. Increased time or distance of device mouse …

Information Filtering In Electronic Networks Of Practice: An Fmri Investigation Of Expectation (Dis)Confirmation, Kelly J. Fadel, Thomas O. Meservy, C. Brock Kirwan

Faculty Publications

Online forums sponsored by electronic networks of practice (ENPs) have become an important platform for technology-mediated knowledge exchange, yet relatively little is known about how ENP participants filter and evaluate the information they encounter on these forums. This study integrates perspectives from expectation confirmation theory, prospect theory, and neuroscience research to explore how ENP forum filtering judgments are influenced when expectations formed on the basis of contextual cues are confirmed or disconfirmed by the examination of solution quality. We summarize six different models of expectation confirmation explored in previous IS literature and report the results of a neuroimaging experiment using …

Back From The Future: Mediation And Prediction Of Events Uncertainty Through Event-Driven Models (Edms), Samuel Ogbeibu, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

The event-driven model (EDM) is an emerging concept in human behavioural research, and understanding how EDMs can promote theory development remains a fundamental quest of predictive science. Traditionally, researchers have heavily depended upon theory confirmation and the inclusion of mediating constructs to clarify uncertainty associated with plausible events (e.g. political, socio-economic, technological, environmental). Though this approach has pushed the field forward, it has also steered mediation research towards largely ignoring the fundamental role of prediction as a key for better understanding future events represented by EDMs. Additionally, emerging research using partial least squares structural equation modelling to execute prediction-oriented analysis …

Transformational It Leaders And Digital Innovation: The Moderating Effect Of Formal It Governance, Linda M. Pittenger, Nicholas Berente, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Does formal IT governance encourage innovation in the traditional domains of the IT function at the expense of new forms of “digital” innovation? We report on a study of 158 IT managers and leaders to understand the conditions under which transformational IT leadership can drive innovation in traditional forms of IT, as well as in the emerging “digital” domain. We find that highly formal IT governance practices can reduce ability of transformational IT managers and leaders to innovate in both domains, and this effect is greater for digital innovation. In stable cultures the moderation effect was strengthened, while insignificant in …

Impressions Matter More Than Privacy: The Moderating Roles Of Affordances In The Relation Between Social Anxiety And Online Safety- Seeking Behaviors, Xue-Qin Yin, Sebastian Scherr, Lin Jin, James Gaskin, Jin-Liang Wang

Faculty Publications

Though socially anxious individuals tend to seek safety, little is known about whether this relationship depends on context, including the affordances of social networking sites (SNSs) to provide anonymity and publicness, and whether safety-seeking can be explained by impression management, privacy calculus or both. Based on the psychobiological model of social anxiety, we conducted two studies (Study 1: N = 103, Study 2: N = 1,184) to examine the contextual dependence of safety-seeking behaviors and to disentangle which types of concerns mediate the effect of social anxiety on safety-seeking behaviors. Results indicated that socially anxious individuals tend to seek safety …

Articulating Conceptual Modeling Research Contributions, Lois M. L. Delcambre, Stephen W. Liddle, Oscar Pastor, Veda C. Storey

Faculty Publications

To contribute to the ongoing discussions related to understanding and organizing the field of conceptual modeling, this paper presents a reference framework for articulating conceptual modeling research. The framework accommodates the diverse nature of conceptual modeling research contributions. The framework can describe many styles of research, including empirical research. The framework was inspired by, and is able to characterize, a large set of published papers in conceptual modeling. The framework allows researchers and reviewers to acknowledge the contributions of their work. Using the framework to describe a research paper also promotes meaningful discussion among reviewers and readers.

Task Adherence: An Agentic Perspective On Task-Focused Dedication In An Interrupting Work Environment, Tanner Skousen, Justin Ames, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Purpose – Knowledge workers live and work in a technology-enabled, push-notification world full of interruptions that create information overload, often requiring these workers to utilize task switching as a mechanism to meet multiple competing tasks’ demands. Previous research has examined both the positive and, more often, negative effects from interruptions and task switching on knowledge workers’ performance. However, this paper aims to examine knowledge workers’ agentic approach to managing interruption signals and consequent task switching to remain dedicated to the task at hand.

Design/methodology/approach – Using an inductive grounded theory approach, we analyzed data from semi-structured interviews with knowledge workers …

What Can Mental Health Teach Us About Social Media Screen Time Misestimation?, Mark Keith, Parker Nokes, Alexandra Spruill

Faculty Publications

Mobile platform providers have provided the ability to measure the time consumers spend on each app. This provides the opportunity to measure a consumer’s misestimation of their screentime which is a concept relevant to several mental health attributes such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. We provide additional evidence about the effect of objective screentime on mental health, but add a unique perspective on how screentime misestimation is determined by various mental health attributes. We collected data from a student sample (n=1005) who are from the demographic who most commonly use social media apps (18-29 yr olds). We measured our model …

Improving The Quality Of Survey Data: Using Answering Behavior As An Alternative Method For Detecting Biased Respondents, Manasvi Kumar, David Kim, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Alan R. Dennis

Faculty Publications

Online surveys are used for collecting self-report data. Despite their prevalent use, data quality problems persist due to various response biases. Here, we demonstrate how participant answering behaviors can be used to identify biased responses. We administered an online survey where participants reported their personality dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion—two personality dimensions that have been previously shown to be correlated with a propensity to deceive—and were later presented with a scenario to exhibit deceptive behavior. We then generated models to predict deception using the neuroticism and extraversion constructs. Using respondents’ fine-grained mouse movement data when answering these questions, we generated …

Leveraging Stara Competencies And Green Creativity To Boost Green Organisational Innovative Evidence: A Praxis For Sustainable Development, Samuel Ogbeibu, Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour, James Gaskin, Abdelhak Senadjki, Mathew Hughes

Faculty Publications

Radical technological advancements and the relentless progression of climate change compel organisations to ensure their workforce consistently exercise their creativity toward innovative green initiatives. These endeavours are essential to achieve the United Nations' (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs). To do so, organisations require competencies fundamental to smart technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics and algorithms (STARA). STARA competencies are relevant for leaders to bolster green organisational innovative evidence (GOIE). GOIE can help to attract potential investors keen on advancing the UN's SDG agenda on environmental sustainability. However, eclipsed by a volatile environment, and despite the green innovation potential of several manufacturing organisations, …

The Roles Of Supervisory Support And Involvement In Influencing Scientists’ Job Satisfaction To Ensure The Achievement Of Sdgs In Academic Organizations, Majid Ghasemy, Isabel Maria Rosa-Díaz, James Eric Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Job satisfaction is the focus of this study, given its strategic importance, both to generate differentiation and competitive advantages, and to promote better and more sustainable results in organizations. Guided by the Affective Events Theory (AET), the interest is in analyzing the direct and indirect effects of supervisory support and involvement on job satisfaction and highlighting the implications of the academics’ emotions for sustainability-related policies and practices in academic environments. The context selected is the higher education (HE) sector in Malaysia for science disciplines, due to its socioeconomic relevance and its direct link to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4), as …

Evasive Entrepreneurship: Circumventing And Exploiting Institutional Impediments For New Profit Opportunity In An Emerging Market, Nnaoke Ufere, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Evasive entrepreneurship (circumvention and exploitation of institutions by entrepreneurs) is a prevalent practice in many developing economies. Extant literature on the topic falls short of providing adequate theories to explain its triggers, mechanisms, and consequences. Leveraging extensive survey data from the World Bank, we used structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between evasive entrepreneurial behavior—tax evasion and bribery—and the relative payoff of such practices. Of the 2599 Nigerian entrepreneurs in our sample, the majority admitted to engaging in evasive entrepreneurship. The data suggest that institutional factors thought to constrain entrepreneurship in emerging markets are counter-intuitively perceived by founders as …

Green Talent Management And Turnover Intention: The Roles Of Leader Stara Competence And Digital Task Interdependence, Samuel Ogbeibu, Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour, John Burgess, James Gaskin, Douglas W.S. Renwick

Faculty Publications

Purpose – Congruent with the world-wide call to combat global warming concerns within the context of advancements in smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, algorithms (STARA), and digitalisation, organisational leaders are being pressured to ensure that talented employees are effectively managed (nurtured and retained) to curb the potential risk of staff turnover. By managing such talent(s), organisations may be able to not only retain them, but consequently foster environmental sustainability too. Equally, recent debates encourage the need for teams to work digitally and interdependently on set tasks, and for leaders to cultivate competencies fundamental to STARA, as this may further help …

Being Satisfied And Serving Communities As Outcomes Of Servant Leadership In The Academic Context: Policies Based On A Multi‑Level Structural Equation Model, Majid Ghasemy, Mahdi Akbarzadeh, James Eric Gaskin

Faculty Publications

There is a great emphasis on the importance of serving communities and the need to study servant leadership in recent higher education literature. Yet, academics’ community citizenship behavior has not been examined through applied research. To address these issues, our study aims at investigating the effects of two dimensions of servant leadership (behaving ethically and helping subordinates grow and succeed) on job satisfaction and community citizenship behavior. The context of our multi-level study is the Malaysian higher education. To estimate our theoretical model, we employed the EQS 6.4 statistical package and analyzed the data collected from 1876 lecturers from 120 …

The Effect Of Help Seeking On Creative Self- Efficacy Of Is Students, Cherileigh Leavitt, Madison Corbin, Mark J. Keith, Ryan M. Schuetzler, Degan Kettles, Greg Anderson

Faculty Publications

Research has demonstrated that student help-seeking behaviors have a variety of positive influences in the classroom. However, the primary outcome of these studies is typically student grades and general self-efficacy. To make a contribution to the IS discipline, we expand this research with a more targeted and specific measure of self-efficacy that was created for IS students: creative self-efficacy (CreaSE) in the IS discipline. This allows us to relate specific help-seeking behaviors to CreaSE sub-constructs which, in turn, allows us to make more targeted recommendations to instructors in IS programs who want to improve the quality and retention of their …

Mitigating The Security Intention-Behavior Gap: The Moderating Role Of Required Effort On The Intention-Behavior Relationship, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Alexandra Durcikova, Jay F. Nunamaker Jr.

Faculty Publications

Although users often express strong positive intentions to follow security policies, these positive intentions fail to consistently translate to behavior. In a security setting, the inconsistency between intentions and behavior—termed the intention-behavior gap—is particularly troublesome, as a single failure to enact positive security intentions may make a system vulnerable. We address a need in security compliance literature to better understand the intention-behavior gap by explaining how an omnipresent competing intention—the user’s desire to minimize required effort—negatively moderates the relationship between positive intentions and actual security behavior. Moreover, we posit that this moderating effect is not accounted for in extant theories …

Detecting Noncompliant Behavior In Organizations: How Online Survey Responses And Behaviors Reveal Risk, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Jospeh S. Valacich, Aaron F. Zimbelman, Mark F. Zimbelman

Faculty Publications

Ensuring organizational regulatory and legal compliance is a challenging, high-stakes management task. Overlooking or underestimating noncompliance in organizations can result in substantial fines, damage to a company’s reputation, and, ultimately, loss of business. To help alleviate this risk, we explore whether organizations can assess noncompliance by monitoring users’ answers and related mouse cursor movements in an intelligent online questionnaire. Namely, we propose that noncompliant (compared with compliant) individuals will experience more cognitive dissonance on questions about (1) what constitutes noncompliance behavior and (2) what consequences for noncompliance are appropriate. We predict that increased cognitive dissonance in noncompliant individuals will influence …

Tutorial: Mapping Your Institutional Curriculum To The Is2020 Competency Model, Paul M. Leidig, Hannu Salmela, Greg Anderson, Jeff Babb, Venky Shankararaman, Raja Sooriamurthi, Mark Thouin

Faculty Publications

The Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Association for Information Systems (AIS), two global professional and academic societies with a stake in Information Systems (IS) education, engaged in a project to revise the Information Systems Curriculum for bachelor’s degrees. This tutorial introduces the recently approved IS2020 competency guidelines, hence serving to disseminate the IS competency model and related guidelines within the SIGED community. This tutorial session should be of interest to all IS academics, especially faculty developing college-level curricula in Information Systems.

Rigor, Relevance, And Practical Significance: A Real-Life Journey To Organizational Value, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins

Faculty Publications

In this essay, we describe a research journey focusing on how to analyze mouse cursor movements, typing fidelity, and data from other human-computer interaction (HCI) devices to better understand the end-user online experience. We begin by defining organizational value and how it relates to other aspects that researchers use to assess academic research quality. We then describe and contrast our research journey by demonstrating key research milestones: from achieving statistical significance to achieving practical significance and, finally, to reaching relevance to practice. We then explain how we crossed the chasm between academic research and technology commercialization (i.e., the last research …

Increasing Cybersecurity Career Interest Through Playable Case Studies, Justin Scott Giboney, Jason K. Mcdonald, Jonathan Balzotti, Derek L. Hansen, Desiree M. Winters, Elizabeth Bonsignore

Faculty Publications

In this paper we introduce an approach to cybersecurity education and helping students develop professional understanding in the form of a Playable Case Study (PCS), a form of educational simulation that draws on affordances of the broader educational simulation genre, case study instruction, and educational Alternate Reality Games (or ARGs). A PCS is an interactive simulation that allows students to “play” through an authentic scenario (case study) as a member of a professional team. We report our findings over a multi-year study of a PCS called Cybermatics, with data from 111 students from two different U.S. universities who interacted with …

Simulating Municipal Cybersecurity Incidents: Recommendations From Expert Interviews, Kira Gedris, Kayla Bowman, Aatish Neupane, Amanda Lee Hughes, Elizabeth Bonsignore, Ryan W. West, Jon Balzotti, Derek L. Hansen

Faculty Publications

As cyberattacks on city and public infrastructures become increasingly common and harmful, it is critical that we train the professional workforce to prepare and respond appropriately. This paper supports the development of educational simulations and related experiential learning exercises that help prepare city and public infrastructure personnel to effectively respond to cybersecurity attacks. Specifically, it synthesizes the findings from 8 expert interviews including 12 cybersecurity experts from federal, state, city organizations, as well as academics with relevant expertise. We organize the findings into key learning outcomes, scenarios, roles, and issues that simulation designers should consider. The result paints a vivid …

Team Building Through Team Video Games: Randomized Controlled Trial, Mark J. Keith, Douglas L. Dean, James Gaskin, Greg Anderson

Faculty Publications

Background: Organizations of all types require the use of teams. Poor team member engagement costs billions of US dollars annually.

Objective: This study aimed to explain how team building can be accomplished with team video gaming based on a team cohesion model enhanced by team flow theory.

Methods: In this controlled experiment, teams were randomly assigned to a team video gaming treatment or a control treatment. Team productivity was measured during both pretreatment and posttreatment team tasks. After the pretest, teams who were involved in the team video gaming treatment competed against other teams by playing the Halo or Rock …

Bolstering Creativity Willingness Through Digital Task Interdependence, Disruptive And Smart Hrm Technologies, Samuel Ogbeibu, Vijay Pereira, Jude Emelifeonwu, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

To sustain competitive advantage, employees must be willing to generate and pursue creative ideas. Sustaining competitive advantage in this way, can put organizational leaders under pressure to ensure smart human resource management technology (SHRMT) is effectively used to drive the exchange of creative ideas in work teams. Though collective creative idea generation could increase task interdependence between teams, we argue that this does not sufficiently guarantee “willingness” to exert increased creative behaviour, especially under disruptive technological conditions. Our study employed a cross-sectional (time lag) survey design with 396 respondents from 56 manufacturing organisations in Nigeria. We utilised partial least squares …

Responsible Innovation In Organisations – Unpacking The Effects Of Leader Trustworthiness And Organizational Culture On Employee Creativity, Samuel Ogbeibu, Vijay Pereira, John Burgess, James Gaskin, Jude Emelifeonwu, Shlomo Y. Tarba, Ahmad Arslan

Faculty Publications

Ongoing changes in competitiveness and advancements in technology are challenging the ability of manufacturing firms to bring about responsible innovation in emerging economies. A crucial response to this situation involves supporting employee creativity as a strategy suited to foster responsible innovation. Prior research has established a positive correlation between employee creativity and responsible innovation. However, when attempting to promote employee creativity, firms are often faced with challenges to their organizational culture (OC), especially in the presence of limited employee trust in their leaders. Although, extant research has suggested a positive correlation between leader trustworthiness and employee creativity, little is known …

Experiential Learning Through A Week-Long Information Systems Case Study, Madison Corbin, Cherileigh Leavitt, Degan Kettles, Greg Anderson

Faculty Publications

An experiential learning model known as INTEX (INTegrative EXercise) was implemented by the Information Systems Department at Brigham Young University. The purpose was to facilitate a team-based holistic learning experience in both content and application to supply a means of measuring student performance and further program development. In this paper, we explain how INTEX presents an adoptable experiential learning model, how INTEX is administered, and the extent to which INTEX fulfills each of its seven objectives based on student, alumni, and faculty feedback. Our main findings are: INTEX provides a compelling real-world case simulation, gives students an invaluable teamwork experience, …

Is 2020: Developing An Acm/Ais Information Systems Model Curriculum For Undergraduate Programs, Paul M. Leidig, Hannu Salmela, Greg Anderson, Jeff Babb, Lesley Gardner, Jay F. Nunamaker Jr., Brenda Scholtz, Venky Shankararaman, Raja Sooriamurthi, Mark Thouin, Carina De Villiers

Faculty Publications

The Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Association for Information Systems (AIS) engaged in a project to revise the Information Systems Curriculum. The IS2010 model curriculum has been widely used for nearly a decade. However, its value may be decreasing as new approaches to model curricula have been introduced. The AIS and ACM established an exploratory taskforce which found there have been substantial changes in the IS field, and that current graduates’ technical skills do not appear to meet industry needs. The IS discipline must express its core in terms of a standard curriculum that meet stakeholder demands. A …

State Anxiety Moderates The Association Between Motivations And Excessive Smartphone Use, Xi Shen, Hai-Zhen Wang, Detlef H. Rost, James Gaskin, Jin-Liang Wang

Faculty Publications

Excessive smartphone use has recently attracted researchers’ attention. Previous studies have suggested that state anxiety and motivations are important predictors of excessive smartphone use. However, few studies have investigated how motivations and state anxiety interact with each other, and the subsequent impact on excessive smartphone use. In the current study, based on the Compensatory Internet Use theory, we analyzed the moderating role of state anxiety on the relationship between two types of motivations (i.e. entertainment and social interaction) and excessive smartphone use. Using the Smartphone Addiction Scale for College Students (SAS-C), Smartphone Usage Motivation Scale and State Anxiety Scale (S-Anxiety), …