Labor Relations Commons^™

Effects Of Workplace Hazing On The Anticipated Outcomes For Newly Hired Employees: An Integrative Review Of Existing Literature, Samuel Bangura

Management Dynamics

This study analyzes the effect of workplace hazing on newly hired employees by synthesizing existing studies, with a focus on psychological well-being, job performance, and organizational outcomes. Additionally, it identifies strategies to mitigate the negative effects of workplace hazing during the onboarding process.

Background:

Workplace hazing is a pervasive yet underexamined organizational phenomenon that affects newly hired employees. Although justified as a socialization or initiation practice, emerging evidence suggests that hazing can have serious psychological, professional, and organizational consequences. Existing literature remains fragmented, with limited integrative synthesis focusing specifically on newcomers’ anticipated outcomes.

Objective:

This study aims to examine the …

It’S Been A Great Career: Legendary Labor Attorney Reflects On 50 Years Of Change In Academic Collective Bargaining, Karen Stubaus

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

Nick DiGiovanni, legendary labor and employment attorney, reflected on over 50 years of academic labor relations and collective bargaining work in a recent conversation with Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy Co-Editor Karen Stubaus, as he prepared to retire from Morgan, Brown & Joy. Nick’s son and colleague Damien DiGiovanni, also a partner at the firm, joined in the conversation to bring his perspective to some of the issues currently confronting the field.

Strategies In Bargaining Faculty Retrenchment Provisions: Insights From Cases Of Implementing Contract Language, Gary Rhoades

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

In this article on faculty (and professional staff) retrenchment, based on my recent national analysis of 506 collective bargaining agreements, I delineate four strategies to negotiating the topic found in contract provisions (with more than one strategy often found in the same contract). The strategies are: Procedural (focused on due process); consultative (addressing employee involvement in deliberations); conditional (defining pre-conditions of retrenchment); and re-alignment (speaking to reversing the decades-long relative disinvestment in academic and student facing professional staff). In exploring four cases of institutions—two community colleges and two universities—experiencing retrenchment, I consider how the contract provisions have played out in …

Academic Freedom In Graduate Student Union Collective Bargaining Agreements, Madeline Rowe

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

Graduate student unionization has rapidly increased over the last decade, with almost 40% of graduate student employees unionized by 2024. Yet, little is known about how these contracts address graduate students’ academic freedom – an often-ambiguous area due to graduate students’ dual roles on campus as both employees and students. Using textual analysis of thirteen collective bargaining agreements, this study examines how graduate student collective bargaining agreements include and address matters of academic freedom and the implications this may have on graduate students’ roles on campus and in the greater campus hierarchy. Results reveal that graduate student collective bargaining agreements …

Forcing The Issue: Nebraska’S Collective Bargaining Stand-Off, Shannon Cummins

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

This paper describes the unusual collective bargaining landscape for public academic institutions in the state of Nebraska where state legislation has mandated both pay transparency and limits to the collective bargaining process. Specifically, it explores the unprecedented 2024-2025 bargaining cycle which relied on innovative union tactics of nationwide freedom of information requests (FOIA) to reach contract agreement in the face of twelve years of administration stonewalling tactics. The case study of Nebraska is important as it provides an actual account of negotiations where state limits on collective bargaining have yet to be tested in the courts.

One Faculty, One Mission: A Unified Faculty Model For California Community Colleges, Debbie Klein

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

This article advances a unified, non-tiered faculty model as essential to fulfilling the mission of the California Community Colleges (CCC) system. Although the system is charged with realizing open access and educational equity, nearly 70% of faculty serve in part-time or contingent roles—often without proportional compensation, institutional stability, or meaningful participation in governance. Drawing on research demonstrating that faculty working conditions shape student learning conditions, the article argues that structural employment inequities undermine the system’s democratic promise. Situating the proposal within national “One Faculty” efforts and recent legislative attention to pay parity in California, it demonstrates that reform is both …

In Memoriam Of William A. Herbert, National Center Executive Director

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

No abstract provided.

Guarding The Game: Building A Defensive Line Between Athletes' Biometric Data And Gambling Interests, Caroline Hébert

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

This comment examines the intersection of wearable technology, professional sports, and the burgeoning sports betting industry. Focusing primarily on the National Football League (NFL), the author explores how biometric markers such as heart rate, stress levels, and fatigue—originally intended for player health and performance—are increasingly targeted for commercialization in the gambling market. The comment provides a critical analysis of the current legal landscape, noting that existing frameworks like HIPAA and GINA, as well as current Collective Bargaining Agreements (CBAs), offer insufficient protections for athletes' sensitive personal data. Hébert identifies key points of exploitation by third-party vendors and highlights the conflicting …

How The Labor Movement And Labor Strife In Northwest Ohio In The 1930s Shaped The Structure Of American Labor, David M. Savino

The Journal of Economics and Politics

The labor disputes of the 1930s involved more than just the traditional relationship between management and labor. In a way, these disputes were more about long-term gains and the realization of industrial labor achieving real power and influence versus gaining short-term outcomes such as wage increases and better working conditions. For over a century, craft unionism dominated the American system regarding representation, influence, and immense control over the economy, society, and the political system. At about the same time, many industrial-type unions were forming and evolving. Many of the monumental struggles of industrial and agricultural unions took place within the …

Measuring Effective Labour Regulation In The Less Developed World: Recent Advances And Challenges Ahead, Lucas Ronconi, Steven Raphael

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

This article critically reviews the literature on labour enforcement with a focus on less developed countries. Despite measurement limitations, the evidence indicates that enforcement is quite low in poorer countries; there are fewer inspectors and inspections, lower penalties, and less trust in the judiciary compared to richer countries. The lower level of enforcement contributes to higher rates of violations of workers’ rights. More controversial are the effects of enforcement on employment. Moreover, it is unclear how to prompt less developed countries to increase enforcement. This article discusses the scant evidence about the role of trade agreements, labour unions, international organizations, …

Corporatism For The Informal Economy: Democratising The Potential Of The Mathadi Tripartite Board Model, Shelley Marshall, Hila Shamir, Babu P. Remesh, Anjali Sharma

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

This article examines the Mathadi Boards in Pune, India, as a pioneering example of corporatist regulation adapted to the informal economy. These tripartite institutions — comprising workers, employers, and the state — negotiate legally binding agreements on wages and working conditions for informal labourers, offering social protections and formalization without relying on traditional employment contracts. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and interviews, the study explores the Boards’ structure, governance, and impact, highlighting their potential as scalable models for informal labour regulation globally. It also identifies challenges related to representation, enforcement, and social exclusion, offering insights into how corporatist frameworks can be …

Collective Labour Dispute Resolution In Vietnam: The Evolution Of Rules And Institutions And Workers’ Strategic Deployment Of State Regulation, Trang T.K. Tran

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

While Vietnam has established a legal system for labour disputes that largely mirrors those in developed countries, empirical evidence reveals these formal mechanisms are rarely, if ever, used to resolve collective disputes. The persistent failures of the formal mechanisms have, paradoxically, created an environment where workers and trade unions have developed innovative, informal strategies to leverage the state’s legal framework. Workers in Vietnam mobilize around the very existence of labour laws to exert pressure on employers and state institutions to intervene on their behalf, even if not directly following each labour laws’ procedure. This strategic deployment of state regulation, often …

The Notion Of Subordination And The Presumption Of Employment Relationship In The Perspective Of Comparative Labour Law, Adalberto Perulli

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

The concept of subordination serves as the key criterion for accessing social protection across civil law systems. Theoretically, subordination corresponds to what common law systems define — through multifactorial tests — as an employment (or service) contract, distinguishing it from self-employment. While this historic dichotomy is widely regarded as unsatisfactory and has long been questioned, the notion of subordination remains central to ensuring that workers receive the protection guaranteed under the labour law systems. Part I will address the problem of subordination as a fundamental legal category of labour law, rooted in contract law. Regardless of the complex legal origins …

Front Matter, Editors Of Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

Front Matter

Book Review: Défense Et Illustration De L’Action Internationale: L’Example De L’Oit By Jean-Michel Servais, Editions L’Harmattan, 20251, Lance Compa

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

For decades a leading figure among senior legal officials at the International Labour Organization (ILO), Jean-Michel Servais has synthesized his experience in a magisterial work that every international labour law scholar and practitioner should have on hand — if they read French. This brief review is meant to introduce it to a broader audience, with hope that the book might be translated and published for the benefit of English readers, too.

The 1973 Detroit Teachers' Strike And Its Long-Term Effects On Labor Negotiations, Jacob Staten

Rushton Journal of Undergraduate Humanities Research

This paper examines the efforts made by Detroit educators in 1973 to secure better wages and smaller class sizes as well as Board of Education decision-making processes in response to budget cuts imposed by the city. Further, this research traces concurrent socio-economic issues that were morphing into political issues, helping define not only the labor struggles of teachers but also reflecting struggles felt by citizens in Detroit and other U.S. industrial cities. This study aims to contribute to research on how local budgets and federal policy have impacted and continue to impact public education nationwide to the present day.

Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …

Games Played In The Off-Season: A Teaching Case Study On Major League Baseball Arbitration And Game Theory, Rebekah Ansbro

The COSMA Journal

Each January and February, professional baseball players with three to six years of Major League service time endure a process exclusive to Major League Baseball (MLB): arbitration. Though arbitration itself is not an unfamiliar form of dispute resolution, the structure MLB employs in contract arbitration is unlike any other industry, as it incorporates an all-or-nothing result that does not allow arbitrators to “split the pie” between parties. Because of this, teams and players are not only responsible for preparation of their own arguments and filed salary, but also for anticipation of their opponent’s filed salary. The hurdle of needing to …

Comparing Regulation With Collective Bargaining: Drawing On Processes Of Change During The Covid-19 Crisis In Israel, Lilach Lurie, Guy Mundlak

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

This article compares two systems of labour market governance: regulation by means of employment standards, and norms that are established in collective bargaining. A comparative framework draws nine criteria, spanning procedural and substantive dimensions, and emphasises the degree of integration between the systems, or “coupling.” The study uses Israel’s response to the COVID-19 crisis as a case study, drawing on a unique dataset of all regulatory provisions and collective agreements concluded from March 2020 to December 2021, supplemented by interviews with key actors. In the public sector, strong coupling was achieved through coordinated regulatory and bargaining processes, resulting in more …

Watching The Clock: Time-Tracking And The Erosion Of Privacy And Dignity At Work, Tammy Katsabian

Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal

This article examines the rise of time-tracking technologies as a dominant form of digital workplace surveillance and their implications for workers’ privacy and dignity. Often framed as neutral tools for enhancing productivity, these systems embed continuous algorithmic oversight into daily work routines, intensifying managerial control and reshaping the employment relationship. Drawing on legal, philosophical, and socio-technical scholarship, the article argues that privacy and dignity are mutually reinforcing values, both of which are undermined by pervasive surveillance practices. Privacy is not treated here as a waivable entitlement grounded in individual consent, but rather as a structural safeguard that protects autonomy and …

Mda At Your Service: Does The Mda Have A Source For Free Labor Law Posters?, Rachel Sinacola Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This "Q&A" section addresses common MDA member inquiries. It confirms that MDA members receive free labor law posters and automatic updates directly from the association. The MDA also offers affiliate memberships for dentists moving out-of-state but retaining Michigan ties, preserving benefits like discounted CE. Information is provided on the Certified Dental Business Professional (CDBP) program, which offers affordable staff certification over three years. The next Mission of Mercy is scheduled for June 11-14, 2026, in Kalamazoo. Finally, the article notes the discontinuation of the MDA Fee Survey due to antitrust changes, and directs members to the ADA/MDA Code of Ethics …

Global Trends In Youth Employment: Key Statistics And Cultural Commentary, Anatolii Mazaraki, Tetiana Melnyk, Oksana Losheniuk

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

The issue of youth employment receives constant attention of global organizations, governments, and researchers. Young people have the potential to positively reshape the national and global economies. Furthermore, the youth also constantly reshape the social, cultural, technological, and political environments. Global unemployment rate among youth, however, is three times higher than among older workers. In 2023, one in five young people did not work, study, or acquire professional skills. The negative factors of the Ukrainian youth labor market have been significantly exacerbated by the war, which has caused an economic crisis in the country, a huge migration of young people, …

Towards A Progressive Academy: Review Of Organizing Professionals: Academic Employees Negotiating A New Academy, Rebecca Kolins Givan

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

No abstract provided.

Every Grain Of Sand: 2024 Changes To The Scope Of Higher Education Unionization, William A. Herbert, Joseph Van Der Naald, Jacob Apkarian

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

In this research note, we supplement the findings presented in the National Center’s 2024 Directory of Bargaining Agents and Contracts in Institutions of Higher Education. We aggregate and analyze data on changes in academic collective bargaining relationships for faculty, postdoctoral scholars, and graduate and undergraduate student employees in the year 2024. Our findings demonstrate that the growth in academic collective bargaining over the past decade that we documented in the 2024 Directory has continued. However, we find some significant contractions in faculty unionization through institutional closures and the revocation of bargaining units in the state of Florida. The research …

Graduate Student Labor Unions: Two Experienced Academic Administrators Share Their Views, Karen R. Stubaus

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

This interview of two experienced academic administrators traces the evolution of graduate worker concerns as expressed in their collective bargaining agreements over the course of 50 years, at the University of Michigan and Michigan State University. Initial emphases on standard terms and conditions of employment are supplemented over the course of time with attention to work/life balance, discrimination and harassment, and other social justice issues. Administrators provide insights and advice on how to establish productive and collegial working relationships with the growing phenomenon of graduate worker unions.

Navigating Harassment And Discrimination At University Of California Through Uaw 4811'S Abusive Conduct Contract Provisions, Sarah Arveson, Emily Weintraut

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

The Respectful Work Environment (RWE) provisions in the recent University of California labor agreements with graduate students and postdocs have proven useful in addressing harassment and discrimination in new and perhaps more effective ways than either previous contract provisions or university policies and procedures. The authors describe how the new RWE provisions work and provide several illustrative case studies.

"No Pay, No Ras": Resident Assistant Unionization Amidst University Backlash, Justin Weller

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

While resident assistant (RA) unions have existed in the United States for over 20 years, RA unionization has accelerated on college campuses in recent years. This article explores the institutional responses to RA unionization through a distributive justice framework. I argue unionization aligns with the distributive justice framework and union-busting strategies do not align. I provide practical recommendations for institutions to align their practices with the National Labor Relations Act and relevant jurisprudence. Implications include a need to study RAs’ experiences in unionization and a continued focus on the ongoing legal challenges that may impact future unionization.

The Limits Of Law: Lessons For Collective Bargaining, Eric J. Scarffe, Daniel Saunders

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

This paper elucidates some features of law that generally go overlooked in collective bargaining. Using examples from collective bargaining agreements at universities in Florida, we unearth how assumptions about the nature of law (championed by the conservative legal movement) may undermine the ability for unions to influence the material working conditions at their universities. We believe negotiators need to reject these assumptions, and embrace an approach to ‘bargaining as pedagogy,’ which emphasizes the need for faculty and administrators alike to arrive at shared understandings of what the law means (be it the collective bargaining agreement, university policy, or state statute).

How Do Collective Agreements Stack Up? Implications For Academic Freedom, Tim Ribaric, Rahul Kumar

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

Abstract Academic freedom, a cornerstone of higher education, is formally codified within the enforceable language of collective agreements (CAs) between universities and faculty unions in Canada. While the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) provides an exemplar framework for academic freedom clauses, institutional interpretations and implementations vary significantly. This study comprehensively analyzed CAs from 44 Canadian universities using computational text analysis methods, specifically Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The analysis revealed that approximately 27% of institutions closely align with the CAUT exemplar, while 57% incorporate additional limiting factors that qualify the exercise of academic freedom. …

A Beautiful Mind Meets Harsh Reality: Practical Tips For Negotiators When Bargaining Strays From Ideal Conditions, Christopher C. Douglas, Ellen Grachek, Allyson Strickland, Marie Waung

Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy

Bilateral bargaining theory developed by mathematician and Nobel Laureate John Nash predicts that when both parties have full information, a deal is quickly reached without a strike. Such a situation represents ideal conditions, which the real world does not match. However, Nash Bargaining presents a useful baseline for bargaining teams. We discuss deviations from ideal conditions that bargaining teams are likely to face and tactics for overcoming them with the goal of reaching an agreement while avoiding a strike. This paper’s focus draws from our experience negotiating a contract for non-tenure track faculty across the three University of Michigan campuses, …