International Business Commons^™

Global Fields, Institutional Emergence, And The Regulation Of Transnational Corporations, Alwyn Lim

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

World society theory has developed to become a major sociological perspective on globalization, focusing on the diffusion of global institutions and increasingly on the domestic impact of those institutions. Nevertheless, the emergence of global institutions has received less attention, raising questions about whether core elements of world society—institutional structures, actorhood, legitimacy—are sufficient to also explain how global institutions arise. This article proposes a “global fields” approach in which institutional emergence is conditional on the interaction between state and non-state actors around the exercise of international authority. Using archival United Nations (UN) data, I demonstrate this field approach through an historical …

Leadership In Virtual Organizations: Influence On Workplace Engagement, Thomas Kohntopp, Thomas Kohntopp, Jack Mccann

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

This chapter will present the concept of a virtual organization and the role, responsibilities, and practices for leaders in these organizations. Corporations operate globally. Small- to medium-sized companies residing in a single country still rely on international suppliers and markets, among other things. As technology improves, develops, and advances, globalization will become more pronounced for all companies. Considering this technological trend, the virtual structure will likely become more prevalent. This chapter will also present models of leadership and how practical and effective they can be in a virtual platform. From a performance standpoint, employee engagement will be investigated, specifically considering …

Parent/Guardian Experience: How Schools Can Improve The Parent Experience And How That Leads To Positive Outcomes., Wesley H. Walters

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

Parent/Guardian eXperience: How creating an awesome Parent/guardian experience can lead to increased parent participation, and how parent participation leads to success of the student & the overall success of the school. The goal of this presentation is to engage parents in their child’s school experience by building a genuine connection with the school and a positive parent experience.

The Impact Of An International Aviation Leadership Development Program On Organizational Effectiveness, Stephanie Douglas Ph.D., Daisha M. Merritt Ph.D., Robin Roberts D.Mgt.

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

Leadership development is critical for organizational progress. Leaders who are strong in operations and talent management maximization are a strength to organizational effectiveness (Andenoro et al., 2015). An organization's leadership performance can be a differentiator in competitive advantages for the firm and used to leverage employee productivity (Gentry et al., 2014; Kark, 2011, Van Velsor et al., 2010). There is an urge for more of an emphasis on developing systemic leadership, observing the importance of looking at not only development of the individual leader but also the collective leadership capacity among all employees to address the increasing complexities and needs …

Teaching An Online Mba Course: “Business In A Global Economy- The Brics Nations”, Hema A. Krishnan, Mee-Shew Cheung

Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings

No abstract provided.

An Examination Of Factors Influencing Repurchase Intention Towards A Fashion Brand In Thailand, Howard W. Combs

Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings

No abstract provided.

A Multimodal Analysis Using An Exemplar From Japanese Television Advertising, Noel Murray

Business Faculty Articles and Research

A multimodal analysis is used to investigate for the presence of situated meanings of uchi/soto in Japanese advertising. The analysis supports the proposition that discourses of gendered relations of uchi/soto may be found in contemporary Japanese television advertising. The article argues that relations of uchi/soto provide a unique window into Japanese consumption behavior. I advocate for multimodal critical discourse analysis as a preferred methodology and theoretical framework for multimodal advertising research applications. I discuss social and economic implications of reproducing gendered relations of uchi/soto in advertising and offer suggestions for future research on situated meanings.

Strategic Intent Of Obor: Enhancing Energy Supply Resilience, Loon Ching Tang, Joyce M. W. Low

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Since the launch of the One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative in 2015, China has announced its intention to invest in major infrastructure projects to promote trade and co-operation with its trading partners along OBOR. This paper examines the current level of trading and key projects underway along OBOR so as to provide insights to understand its strategic intent. In particular, a network model is constructed to analyze the impact to China current and future demand for energy under various conditions especially during prolonged periods of supply uncertainties. Since these key projects are closely connected to the current and proven …

The Liability Of Disruption, Valentina Marano, Stephen Tallman, Hildy J. Teegan

Management Faculty Publications

Research summary. We study the internationalization-related legitimacy challenges of firms with disruptive business models by using a case comparison of leading sharing economy companies Airbnb and Uber. We show that they are insulated from many traditional legitimacy challenges to multinationals entering host markets, but exposed to others that have not been noted previously. Specifically, we identify a novel market-entry legitimacy challenge, ‘liability of disruption,’ which manifests as regulatory, incumbent business and societal pushback against firms with disruptive business models. After presenting our cross-case analysis, we theorize about the nature and impacts of these three distinct but interconnected forms of host …

Human Capital Is Not Enough: How Offshore Bpo Professionals Use Social Support To Deal With Strenuous Work Conditions, Jonathan W. Whitaker, Violet Ho, Sunil Mithas, Dongwon Lee

Management Faculty Publications

The past decade has witnessed explosive growth in the segment of information technology (IT) professionals who work in the offshore business process outsourcing (BPO) industry. BPO positions are highly regimented and standardized with coercive and normative controls to deter employees from deviating from prescribed work procedures and exercising independent judgment. Coping with these challenges requires a different set of skills than human capital and technical competencies that are discussed in most prior information systems (IS) research. This paper develops theory on the role of social support in employee compensation, and tests the theory using a unique data set of 8,000+ …

Pearls, People, And Power : Pearling And Indian Ocean Worlds, Pedro Machado, Steve Mullins, Joseph Christensen

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

Pearls, People, and Power is the first book to examine the trade, distribution, production, and consumption of pearls and mother-of-pearl in the global Indian Ocean over more than five centuries. While scholars have long recognized the importance of pearling to the social, cultural, and economic practices of both coastal and inland areas, the overwhelming majority have confined themselves to highly localized or at best regional studies of the pearl trade. By contrast, this book stresses how pearling and the exchange in pearl shell were interconnected processes that brought the ports, islands, and coasts into close relation with one another, creating …

Students’ Perceived Cultural Intelligence Outcomes Based On Their Participation In Undergraduate Courses That Embed Short-Term International Travel: A Case Study, Margaret Arrison Nolan

Graduate Theses & Dissertations

Cultural intelligence (CQ) refers to an individual’s capability to successfully adapt to new or unfamiliar cultural settings (Earley & Ang, 2003). The purpose of this study was to gain a holistic and comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of CQ within the context of higher education pedagogy. This study explored undergraduate students’ perceived outcomes of CQ based on their participation in full semester courses that embedded short-term international travel (SIT). The researcher conducted a qualitative, phenomenological case study that explored, in depth, the nuances of students’ shared lived experiences in SIT, and how these experiences intersected with students’ perceived CQ outcomes …

U.S. Fdi And Shareholder Rights Protection In Developed And Developing Economies, Vishaal Baulkaran, Nathaniel C. Lupton

Faculty Publications

We examine the impact of shareholder rights protection on U.S multinational firms’ Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). We hypothesize that the expropriation of wealth is less likely to occur in countries with strong shareholder rights and hence, these countries will attract more FDI relative to countries with weaker shareholder rights protection. We also hypothesize that this relationship will be more important for developing countries compared to developed countries. Based on an analysis of US FDI data over the period 1997-2016, we find support for our predictions. These findings emphasize the importance of institutional development for economic development, via the attraction of …

The Impact Of Internationalized Education On Student Competency And Innovation In The Workplace, Abeni El-Amin Ph.D., Cai Yuzhou

Management Faculty Publications

Incorporating innovation in higher education curriculum significantly improves student's professional competencies in the workplace. For instance, innovation theory is developed with the purpose of improving management practices. Innovation learning is a practical teaching and learning methodology that supports student populations (Carracedo et al., 2018). Innovative instructional strategies, particularly those with a creative element, helps students to connect theory to practice. Students also develop conceptual and hypothetical skills that professionals need in the workplace. Innovation education trains students on the concept of system-based relationships in which individuals can profit from their contributions when their innovations make it to the marketplace.

Dynamics Of Country Image: Evidence From Malaysia, Dana-Nicoleta Lascu, Zafar U. Ahmed, Irfan Ahmed, Tan Hui Min

International Business Faculty Publications

Purpose – Previous research has posited country image to operate at two levels: the country’s macro image, based on general politico-economic descriptors of the country, and the country’s micro image, based on perceptions of products from the country. The purpose of this paper is to further explore this premise in a practical study, using a psychometric assessment of macro and micro country images by ascertaining the nature of differences in macro and micro images of leading exporters, the USA and China, for consumers in Malaysia, a top import destination of US and Chinese goods; the images of Malaysian goods were …

Harmonizing The Disjointed: Economic Integration And Risk Sharing, Samuel Acheampong

Theses and Dissertations--Economics

This dissertation consists of three essays examining the role of risk diversification in European markets. At the economy level the first two essays seek to identify whether economic integration efforts among European countries result in sharing risks to consumption with regional neighbors, as opposed to global partners. At the firm level, the third essay seeks to understand whether managers of large companies in the United Kingdom choose less financial leverage if they are specifically compensated with more cash bonus as opposed to other forms of performance incentives.

In Essay 1, I assess the extent to which European countries diversify consumption …

Digital Transformation Of Global Business Processes: The Role Of Dual Embeddedness, Peter Ekman, Peter Thilenius, Steven M. Thompson, Jonathan W. Whitaker

Management Faculty Publications

While much existing research on MNC digital transformation has followed a linear design and implementation logic using cross-sectional data, the multiple and divergent needs of headquarters (HQ) and subsidiaries suggest that MNC digital transformation actually involves a more iterative journey. In this paper, we apply the theoretical perspective of embeddedness to better define the complexities of MNC digital transformation, and identify how HQ and subsidiaries can navigate the complexities. This paper presents a longitudinal multi-case study of five Forbes Global 2000 firms that are HQ in Europe with large subsidiaries in the U.S. We find that the process of digital …

Trust, Perceived Benefit, And Purchase Intention In C2c E-Commerce: An Empirical Examination In China, Shukuan Zhao, Yiwen Fang, Weiyong Zhang, Hong Jiang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

It is a class research question about how trust and perceived benefit affect consumers' purchase intentions. This research examines the relationship in a very different context: consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce in China. Specifically, this research empirically assesses the differences in effect size due to the change of context. First, a theoretical model linking trust, perceived benefit, and their antecedents to purchase intention is developed upon the literature. Then the model is evaluated using empirical data collected at Taobao, the largest C2C e-commerce website in China. Partial least squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) results strongly support the model and research hypotheses. …

What Impedes The Success Of Late Mover It Clusters Despite Economically Favorable Environments? A Case Study Of An Indian It Cluster, Harini Mittal, Punit Saurabh, Devang Rohit, Kathak Mehta

Publications and Research

The Information Technology (IT) industry in India, is one of the major contributors to the country’s growth story. It is organized in a few strong and dominant clusters across the country. Recent research focuses on the emergence, growth and success of the seven big IT clusters that account for 96.55  of total software exports from the country. Unlike the six successful late mover clusters, there are several other late mover IT clusters that have not experienced similar growth. Why do some of the late mover IT clusters in India succeed while others fail to take off despite favorable economic conditions? …

Exploring The Gender-Based Funding Gap In The Global Angel Investing Market, Annie V. Henry

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The Chinese Communist Party In The Covid-19 Crisis, Matthew Farrell

Management Faculty Publications

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has received plaudits from international press and organizations for their handling of the COVID-19 crisis, with some describing it as a win for China in terms of propaganda. In this essay, I explore an alternative view: That the CCP is responsible for the origin and extent of the pandemic, and that much of their perceived altruism is carefully disguised opportunism and propaganda. Facts are drawn from scholarly work and the popular press to support my arguments. This essay carries strong implications for interpretation of recent events.

“It’S Gonna Be Yuge”: The Impact Of Chinese Imports On United States Manufacturing Firm Valuations, Charles Mangum

CMC Senior Theses

Throughout the years there has been literature regarding the impacts of Chinese manufacturing on the United States economy. Much of the focus has been centered on macro-economic effects and not firm level impacts. Using trade exposure and data from publically traded manufacturing firms I provide an analysis of the potential effects of increased trade exposure in a highly competitive market. My research aims to measure the impacts of Chinese imports on United States manufacturing companies with low technological barriers to entry. When comparing trade exposure to firm level data I conclude that there is a negative correlation between investment levels …

Managing The Global Virtual Workforce: Reducing The Liability Of Foreignness, Carol M. Sanchez, Rebekah Arndt

Peer Reviewed Articles

Effective management of global virtual workforces may reduce the liability of foreignness. As more organizations do business across borders, global workforce effectiveness is critical given logistic, language and cultural distances. Based on theories of global workforces, virtual technology use, cultural differences, and common language policy, we posit that global virtual workforces will better succeed if organizations (1) select appropriate communication technology, (2) train members to navigate cultural differences, and (2) adopt a language policy. We highlight strategies with examples from conversations with managers of several organizations, and we emphasize unexpected benefits to organizations that successfully manage their global virtual workforce.

2020 Icrcc Proceedings Table Of Contents, Conference Organizers

International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference

These proceedings are a representative sample of the presentations given by professional practitioners and academic scholars at the 2020 International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference (ICRCC) held March 9-11, 2020. The ICRCC is an annual event that takes place the second week in March in beautiful sunny Orlando, Florida. The conference hosts are faculty and staff from the Nicholson School of Communication and Media. The goal of the ICRCC is to bring together prominent professional practitioners and academic scholars that work directly with crisis and risk communication on a daily basis. We define crisis and risk broadly to include, for …

United Or Divided? Antecedents Of Board Cohesiveness In International Joint Ventures, Rene Olie, Elko Klijn, Hugo V. Leenders

Management Faculty Publications

We combine board process research with the literature on international joint ventures (IJVs) by investigating the antecedents of cohesiveness of IJV boards of directors. Even though that corporate governance scholars have frequently emphasized the crucial role of cohesiveness for board effectiveness, cohesiveness has received limited research attention. We investigate the determinants of board cohesiveness by specifically focusing on an understudied organizational form, namely the IJV. IJVs are formed by two or more independent parent organizations originating from geographically dispersed home countries with disparate cultural backgrounds. We argue that the inherent features related to the international and partner-specific context of these …

The Geographies Of Intermediation: Labor Intermediaries, Labor Migration, And Cane Harvesting In Rural Western India, Pronoy Rai

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, I explain the role of labor intermediaries in the weaving of capital–labor relations in capitalist agro-business. I do so by focusing on migration infrastructure or the vertical network of labor intermediaries who facilitate labor recruitment from migrant home villages and migrant labor disciplining on cane fields in rural western India, where the laborers are brought seasonally to harvest sugarcane. I show how the role of labor intermediaries cannot be understood by containing them within the villainous stereotypes associated with brokers. Intermediaries are embedded within the labor geographies of commodity production where capital accumulation requires the downward transferring …

How Access To Finances Affects Gender Inequality Across Cultures, Allison Muntin

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

While many studies of financial inclusion have been undertaken, very few discuss the inclusion of women. Financial inclusion plays a large role in unlocking resources for the disadvantaged, resulting in higher economic growth and development. The economic opportunity allows individuals and businesses to have a greater contribution to society as a whole, enhancing all aspects of the economy. This paper furthers the conversation of women’s access to financial institution accounts across cultures and what underlying factors play a key role. The results indicate that the female demographic has fewer financial institution accounts in comparison to men when: (i) a country’s …

Culture Of Countries And Country-Index Crash Risk, Jason Petri

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Previously crash- risk studies have focused on assessing at the firm level the likelihood of a firm’s equity to crash (a rapid decline in value), apart from the dynamics of its respective country-level market. In this study, however, I examine the determinants of an overall countrylevel equity crash apart from the dynamics of the global market. I will argue that this is a very different focus of analysis that will provide valuable information to both investors and policy makers. Expansion of credit and subsequent equity-market bubbles and crashes are of particular concern to foreign direct investors (FDI), as country-level equity …

A Socioeconomic Analysis Of Francophone And Anglophone West Africa, Jackson Gagne

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project seeks to examine and analyze the socioeconomic performances of four West-African countries; two from Francophone (French-speaking) West Africa and two from Anglophone (English-speaking) West Africa. It will tackle questions such as:

• What is the current socioeconomic condition of countries in this region?
• Which country is most suitable for investment?
• Is there a marked difference between the Francophone and Anglophone countries of West Africa?

And many more.

Determinants Of Defense Expenditure In South Korea, So Yeon Lee

Student Works (2020-2029)

This research pointed out the importance of defense spending as an „economic means‟ for national security in South Korea while due to the aftermath of US-China trade war, the threats and tension between North Korea and other neighboring countries such as China have become much more severe. In this context, an empirical study was conducted to investigate the factors determining national defense expenditure with secondary data from 1960 to 2018. The domestic factors namely economic growth, arms trade, the threat of North Korea and the Republic of Korea (ROK)-United States (US) defense alliance were established as those explanatory variables. The …