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Articles 91 - 120 of 209
Full-Text Articles in International Business
Refocusing The Lens: Singapore's Private Enterprises In China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Ye Zhang
Refocusing The Lens: Singapore's Private Enterprises In China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Ye Zhang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In recent years, financial and political instabilities have cooled economic growth in many regions. Even in this context, however, areas of strong growth remain; none, arguably, more prominent than ever-developing and increasingly affluent China, which is today a vastly different environment than even several years ago. More than ever, a wealth of opportunity subsists in this ancient land – and businesses must be able to adapt and seize these opportunities. Thus we turn towards Singapore private enterprise in China, to study once more the efficacy of the city-state's internationalization strategies in the context of the private enterprises which must eventually …
Market Orientation, Embeddedness And The Autonomy And Performance Of Multinational Subsidiaries In An Emerging Economy, Xiaoying Li, Xiaming Liu, Howard Thomas
Market Orientation, Embeddedness And The Autonomy And Performance Of Multinational Subsidiaries In An Emerging Economy, Xiaoying Li, Xiaming Liu, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper develops a conceptual framework for market orientation, embeddedness, autonomy and performance of multinational subsidiaries in an emerging economy. We argue that internal and external embeddedness has different performance implications for export- and local market-oriented multinational subsidiaries. Our results, based on a sample of 233 multinational subsidiaries from China, indicate that while external embeddedness has a positive impact on specialized resources of both types of subsidiary, such resources only positively affect the performance of local market-oriented subsidiaries. By contrast, internal embeddedness has a negative impact on specialized resources of both types of subsidiary. Managerial and policy implications are discussed.
From The Outside In: China’S Dragons Are Here, Singapore Management University
From The Outside In: China’S Dragons Are Here, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Like a blockbuster movie 20 years in the making, China’s dragons have evolved to push the boundaries of global competition. Accelerated innovation is the new frontier of global competition and it’s a space where China’s go-global companies are excelling.
As The World Turns: The Wealth Of Nations In The 21st Century, Singapore Management University
As The World Turns: The Wealth Of Nations In The 21st Century, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
As the Asian Century gets under way, the question is not how giants like India and China will achieve prosperity for their peoples, but how the smaller, less economically powerful countries will be able to experience the ‘warmth’ of the wealth of nations. "Sustainable growth and shared prosperity’ is one way to close the gap," says Suvit Maesincee, director of the Sasin Institute for Global Affairs (SIGA) at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.
India Starts To Open Up, Singapore Management University
India Starts To Open Up, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Investors have often shied away from India, citing the difficulties inherent in its notoriously difficult businesss landscape. Yet there is a lot of money to be made in India, Dr S Narayan, Senior Research Fellow of the Institute of South Asian Studies at the National University of Singapore, told Perspectives@SMU. Many companies seem reluctant to carry out sufficient market entry analysis, he says, despite the policy changes now taking place in the world's tenth largest economy.
The State-Enterprise Experience In The Gcc: Whither Singapore Inc.?, Wilfred How, Caroline Yeoh
The State-Enterprise Experience In The Gcc: Whither Singapore Inc.?, Wilfred How, Caroline Yeoh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The city-state of Singapore's roadmap for internationalization of local companies into the GCC region has, arguably, made its mark; recently crossing the milestone of 100 local companies that have, to date, found business opportunities in this foreign and exotic land. Actually taking these opportunities, however, has proven more complicated, with cultural differences and highly dynamic local business environments posing unforeseen challenges to Singapore companies – producing a test of adaptability that has returned rather mixed results. Of particular interest are government-linked companies (GLCs), among the largest and the first of Singapore's entrants into the region; perceived as more structurally rigid, …
The Singapore Experience In The Gcc: Notes From Singapore Inc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
The Singapore Experience In The Gcc: Notes From Singapore Inc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The city-state of Singapore's roadmap for internationalization of local companies into the GCC region has, arguably, made its mark; recently crossing the milestone of 100 local companies that have, to date, found business opportunities in this foreign and exotic land. Actually taking these opportunities, however, has proven more complicated, with cultural differences and highly dynamic local business environments posing unforeseen challenges to Singapore companies – producing a test of adaptability that has returned rather mixed results. Of particular interest are government-linked companies (GLCs), among the largest and the first of Singapore's entrants into the region; perceived as more structurally rigid, …
Konformity Kills, Singapore Management University
Konformity Kills, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Unconventional Thinking. More crucial now than ever before. According to Dr. Eric J. Romero, the fall of the great brands of the last millennium - Nokia, Kodak, Hewlett Packard and General Motors - are examples of how conventional thinking impedes innovation. Nowadays, it is unconventional leadership and thinking that spur competitive advantage. The importance of creativity has been emphasised in nearly all literature and journal articles published this decade, adds the author of “Compete Outside the Box: The Unconventional Way to Beat the Competition”. "The fact is, the lack of it has brought the corporate behemoths …
The Future Of International Trade: Sustainability Is Key, Singapore Management University
The Future Of International Trade: Sustainability Is Key, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
What can multinational companies do to ensure that international trade flourishes in years to come? Gerry Craggs, the Far East managing director of steel trading company Stemcor, says that companies like his need to focus on developing sustainable trading policies rather than immediate gain. "Sustainable trading is not driven by short term profit but by providing optimal medium and long-term supply chain solutions that benefit all participants," he told Perspectives@SMU on the sidelines of the 5th anniversary celebration of the university’s International Trade Institute (ITI). Craggs is also Chair of the International Trading Concentration Sub-Committee at the institute that consists …
Trust Between International Joint Venture Partners: Effects Of Home Countries, Gokhan Ertug, Ilya Cuypers, Niels G. Noorderhaven, Ben M. Bensaou
Trust Between International Joint Venture Partners: Effects Of Home Countries, Gokhan Ertug, Ilya Cuypers, Niels G. Noorderhaven, Ben M. Bensaou
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Trust is an important factor in interorganizational relations. Interorganizational trust in cross-border relationships is likely to be influenced by the home countries of both partners. Using data on 165 international joint ventures (IJVs), we show that the perceived trustworthiness of an IJV partner is influenced by the general propensity to trust in the trustor's home country. Moreover, the trustworthiness perceived by a focal parent firm is also affected by the home country of the other IJV partner. This second effect is mitigated by experience between the partners.
Global Companies And Global Society: The Evolving Social Contract, Ann Florini
Global Companies And Global Society: The Evolving Social Contract, Ann Florini
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Globalization, privatization, and CHANging ideas about the roles of business and government are transforming the social contract under which business is allowed to operate. Global companies are also policy-makers and public goods providers, governments seek profits through state-owned enterprises and sovereign wealth funds, and everyone is trying to figure out how to partner with everyone else. As a result of global economic and social integration, more and more of the business-society interaction has played out at a transnational rather than purely national level, involving transnational corporations, transnational civil society networks and organizations, and inter-governmental organizations. Experiments with codes of conduct, …
The Road Well-Travelled: Internationalism And Globalisation, Singapore Management University
The Road Well-Travelled: Internationalism And Globalisation, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Internationalism and globalisation involve more than the number of companies and the variety of jurisdictions in which they operate. For Stephen Wyatt, the transition to internationalism is a journey in which we are able to trace the evolution of firms making incrementally logical decisions and the natural consequence of where they are right now, whether they are incremental decisions seeking to maximise profitability or returns, or long term stability. And as those decisions continue incrementally, there is a continuum, or journey, along which they travel, that provides an opportunity
Bridging The Business Cultures Of The East And West, Singapore Management University
Bridging The Business Cultures Of The East And West, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
As companies in the West look to the East for business opportunities and those in the East looking westwards to expand themselves, it is no longer enough for business executives to be bilingual. Those who want to be in hot demand will have to be "bi-cultural" and understand the differences between Western and Eastern business cultures.
Venturing Into India: Singapore-India Business Ties, Singapore Management University
Venturing Into India: Singapore-India Business Ties, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
The business strategy of transplanting business models in India is one way which companies can penetrate the economic potential of the country. It is about taking proven business models and finding strategies to bring them into India where there are opportunities to scale up dramatically and where there is an opportunity to tap into local capital and management and create value for shareholders.Yet, SMEs in Singapore are "under-invested" in India ...
Collectivistic Norms And International Entrepreneurship: A Tale Of Two Clans, The Wenzhounese From China And The Chettiars From India, Wee Liang Tan
Collectivistic Norms And International Entrepreneurship: A Tale Of Two Clans, The Wenzhounese From China And The Chettiars From India, Wee Liang Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is a need in the field of international entrepreneurship for ideas and theory developed from within the SME field and less reliance on that developed in the field of international business and large firms. This paper seeks to address this gap but examining the two groups of international entrepreneurs from China and India: the Wenzhou people and the Chettiars. These two groups began internationalising in the past before globalisation became a norm in the colonial days and before when ships sailed along trade winds. It seeks to draw lessons from these two groups: their collectivistic norms and practices.
Asia In The Middle East: The Internationalization Of Singapore Private Firms Into The Gcc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Simin Sharmaine Neo
Asia In The Middle East: The Internationalization Of Singapore Private Firms Into The Gcc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Simin Sharmaine Neo
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Internationalization efforts into the GCC as a national initiative tend to be spearheaded by a vanguard of government-linked companies (GLCs), usually assisted in their entry through various connections, political or otherwise. As large companies with the presumed reliability of government backing, these GLCs tend to be involved in larger-scale, more critical, and more iconic projects. It is a matter of fact, however, that while internationalization may be led by large-scale and attention-grabbing GLCs, the vast majority of FDI and economic activity is, in the long term, entrenched in the activities of private companies. As such, it must logically follow that …
Singapore Business And The Gulf: Un Tour D’Horizon, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How
Singapore Business And The Gulf: Un Tour D’Horizon, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Never more newsworthy in business circles has been the Gulf Region than in recent decades; from the region's vast economic strength and meteoric development, to the events of the financial crisis and the ongoing 'Arab spring'. A rich environment in every way – business, cultural, and socio-political – the countries of the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) provide a fascinating subject for academic study from a wealth of perspectives. Some of these perspectives are well-explored; others, markedly less so, the business dimension of this unique and complicated market regrettably among them. While a favored subject of our own research, the comparative …
Singapore’S State-Enterprise Network In The Gulf Region: Boom, Bane Or An Ongoing Game, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon
Singapore’S State-Enterprise Network In The Gulf Region: Boom, Bane Or An Ongoing Game, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Singapore’s state-enterprise network has been, and continues to be, at the forefront of Singapore's internationalization efforts; most recently in the city-state's newest area of focus, the Gulf region. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, studies the city-state’s determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand beyond the region through a lens on the Singapore government-linked companies (GLCs), in the context of the unique ‘Arabian allure’ of the GCC economies. Our results show that while the government ‘endorsement’ appears to provide a distinct advantage, the strategic advantages created in the Singapore-styled projects remains uncertain; …
Organizational Identity And Capability Development In Internationalization: Transference, Splicing, And Enhanced Imitation In Tesco’S Us Market Entry, Michelle Lowe, Gerard George, Oliver Alexy
Organizational Identity And Capability Development In Internationalization: Transference, Splicing, And Enhanced Imitation In Tesco’S Us Market Entry, Michelle Lowe, Gerard George, Oliver Alexy
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Entry into international markets is a challenging process that fundamentally tests existing capabilities. During this entry process, capability gaps arise that need to be bridged to exploit the commercial opportunity and grow the business. Using a global retailer, Tesco plc, as a case study and employing grounded theory development techniques, we find that to achieve growth, two organizational attributes become critical—structural coherence of the firm’s capabilities and organizational identity. We identify three processes of capability development during market entry—transference, splicing and enhanced imitation. Further, actions and processes that maintain or adapt organizational identity serve as moderators of the relationship between …
Internationalization Into The Gcc: Singapore In Retrospect, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Hong Hao Chong
Internationalization Into The Gcc: Singapore In Retrospect, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Hong Hao Chong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
As internationalization becomes, increasingly, the chosen method of (ironically) competing for competitiveness among firms, new and rich frontiers for business come into ever-expanding demand. Among the foremost of these frontiers, the countries of the GCC represent both fertile ground and uncharted waters for internationalizing firms, with cultures as rich as their markets and sometimes byzantine yet fascinating socio-political forces presenting a plethora of challenges to erstwhile investing firms. As a culmination of our research into this region over past years, then, we examine in this paper, as a case study of sorts, the experiences of Singapore firms in the various …
Asia In The Middle East: The Internationalization Of Singapore Private Firms Into The Gcc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How, Sharmaine Si Min Neo
Asia In The Middle East: The Internationalization Of Singapore Private Firms Into The Gcc, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How, Sharmaine Si Min Neo
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
Off The Cliff And Back? Credit Conditions And International Trade During The Global Financial Crisis, Davin Chor, Manova Kalina
Off The Cliff And Back? Credit Conditions And International Trade During The Global Financial Crisis, Davin Chor, Manova Kalina
Research Collection School Of Economics
We examine the collapse of international trade flows during the 2008-2009 global financial crisis using detailed data on the evolution of monthly U.S. imports over the November 2006 - April 2009 period. We show that credit constraints and the reduction in the availability of external capital were an important channel through which the crisis affected trade volumes. We identify the effects of credit tightening by exploiting the variation in the cost of capital across countries and over time, as well as the variation in financial dependence across sectors. We find that countries with higher interbank interest rates and thus tighter …
Revisiting The Dragon: The State Of Singapore’S Regionalization Into China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon
Revisiting The Dragon: The State Of Singapore’S Regionalization Into China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Febbry Lasgon
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Many years on, with the main thrust of Singapore's internationalization efforts now pointed elsewhere, the current state of Singapore's state-enterprise network in previous main regions of interest, most notably ever-developing China, remains an area of interest for the purpose of evaluating the city-state's determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for its businesses on foreign soil – perhaps with lessons of relevance to the city-state's latest areas of focus, and certainly of relevance to efforts in the long-term. As a study related to our papers on this topic, we revisit the sprawling sub-continent and the operations of Singapore businesses located therein. …
Business Strategies For Emerging Markets: Agility, Size And Taste, Singapore Management University
Business Strategies For Emerging Markets: Agility, Size And Taste, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
The term 'BRIC' was invented by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill in 2001 to shorthand the four key emerging economies to watch. BRIC, of course stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China – countries that have, over the past decade, produced a third of global GDP, and represent a quarter of world's population. In 2010, the BRIC middle classes - with incomes between 6,000 and 30,000 USD - overtook that of the G7, and it has been estimated that this middle class population will double by 2020, profoundly changing demand trends in favour of value-added products such as cars, office equipment …
Supporting Global Metals Markets: The Role Of The London Metals Exchange, Singapore Management University
Supporting Global Metals Markets: The Role Of The London Metals Exchange, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
The London Metals Exchange (LME) has seen its trading volumes continually expand of late, with 120.3 million lots traded in 2010, an increase of 7.4 per cent from 2009. This expansion is on the back of an increased interest in commodity trading and an expanded range of products, the latest being LME Cobalt and Molybdenum.
Singapore's Venture Into The Gulf: Undiscovered Treasure Or Empty Pot?, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How, Joses Wong
Singapore's Venture Into The Gulf: Undiscovered Treasure Or Empty Pot?, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How, Joses Wong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Singapore: a country synonymous with business efficiency, strict laws and a reputation that belies its miniscule size. Its state-enterprise network and attempts at grafting “Singapore-styled” investment enclaves onto foreign locales often receive attention from the international community. These state-engineered projects are premised on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as the technological competencies of Singapore companies, to locations where these attributes are less distinct. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits the city-state’s determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms, enabling them to expand beyond the region. This …
Singapore And Re-Engineering Economic Space: Observations From The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Singapore And Re-Engineering Economic Space: Observations From The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The hallmark of the Singapore state-led, market-driven interventions, and their efficacy, have often been a matter of academic contention. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits Singapore’s state-enterprise strategy in the context of the city-state’s determined efforts at internationalization through a series of state-engineered projects, orchestrated to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the region and beyond. This internationalization stratagem remains controversial; premised, as they are, on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies of Singaporean companies, government-linked or otherwise, to locations where these attributes …
Have You Restructured For Global Success?, Nirmalya Kumar, Phanish Puranam
Have You Restructured For Global Success?, Nirmalya Kumar, Phanish Puranam
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The organizational structures of many multinational corporations are inadequate to the task of capitalizing on opportunities in emerging markets. Locating customer-facing processes in each country-and even using transnational structures that exploit location-specific advantages-just doesn't cut it anymore. So argue Kumar and Puranam, of London Business School. The authors show how the growth of China and India as lead markets and as talent pools, coupled with advances in technology, enable companies to optimize their organizations by segmenting R&D both vertically and horizontally, thereby creating T-shaped structures.The greatest challenge of the T-shaped structure is managing integration across countries. The solution is to …
Internationalizing Through Franchising - Singapore's Gambits In The Gcc: Mining The Silver Around The Gold, Caroline Yeoh, Joses Wong
Internationalizing Through Franchising - Singapore's Gambits In The Gcc: Mining The Silver Around The Gold, Caroline Yeoh, Joses Wong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
The Internationalization Of Singapore’S State Enterprise Network: Notes From Singapore’S Gambits In The Gulf Region, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
The Internationalization Of Singapore’S State Enterprise Network: Notes From Singapore’S Gambits In The Gulf Region, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The Singapore system of state-led, market interventions and its concerted attempts at creating overseas infrastructural-industrial township projects have received its share of controversies. These state-engineered projects are premised on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies of Singapore companies, government-linked or not, to locations where the attributes are less distinct. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits the city-state’s determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand beyond the region, and tests the efficacy of the ‘Singapore system’ exported to foreign locales. This research, however, …