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Articles 121 - 150 of 209
Full-Text Articles in International Business
The Wto Trade Effect, Pao Li Chang, Myoung-Jae Lee
The Wto Trade Effect, Pao Li Chang, Myoung-Jae Lee
Research Collection School Of Economics
This paper reexamines the GATT/WTO membership effect on bilateral trade flows, using nonparametric methods including pair-matching, permutation tests, and a Rosenbaum (2002) sensitivity analysis. Together, these methods provide an estimation framework that is robust to misspecification biases, allows general forms of heterogeneous treatment effects, and addresses potential hidden selection biases. This is in contrast to most conventional parametric studies on this issue. Our results suggest large GATT/WTO trade-promoting effects, robust to various restricted matching criteria, alternative indicators for GATT/WTO involvement, different matching methodologies, non-random incidence of positive trade flows, and inclusion of multilateral resistance terms.
Mir Talks To Vinita Bali, Managing Director And Ceo Of Britannia Industries, Srinivas K. Reddy
Mir Talks To Vinita Bali, Managing Director And Ceo Of Britannia Industries, Srinivas K. Reddy
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Today we live in a truly global economy, no matter whether we talk about goods, services or manpower. Whereas economic growth rates in Europe and North America remain moderate, many Asian countries are booming despite last year´s economic downturn. This is reason enough for MIR to take a closer look at one of the rising stars: India. In June 2010, MIR talked to Vinita Bali, one of the few female CEOs of leading companies, who has worked in influential marketing positions on five continents. In describing how Britannia, one of the most famous Indian brands, handles everyday business and marketing …
Off The Cliff And Back? Credit Conditions And International Trade During The Global Financial Crisis, Davin Chor, Kalina Manova
Off The Cliff And Back? Credit Conditions And International Trade During The Global Financial Crisis, Davin Chor, Kalina Manova
Research Collection School Of Economics
We study the collapse of international trade flows during the global financial crisis using detailed data on monthly US imports. We show that credit conditions were an important channel through which the crisis affected trade volumes, by exploiting the variation in the cost of capital across countries and over time, as well as the variation in financial vulnerability across sectors. Countries with higher interbank rates and thus tighter credit markets exported less to the US during the peak of the crisis. This effect was especially pronounced in sectors that require extensive external financing, have limited access to trade credit, or …
Growth And Survival Of International Joint Ventures: An External-Internal Legitimacy Perspective, Jane W. Lu, Dean Xu
Growth And Survival Of International Joint Ventures: An External-Internal Legitimacy Perspective, Jane W. Lu, Dean Xu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The authors examine the growth and survival of international joint ventures (IJVs) from a legitimacy perspective. In a sample of 291 Sino-Japanese joint ventures in China, they found that Chinese parent age, Chinese parent size, and IJV industry relatedness to either parent had a positive effect on IJV growth and/or survival. However, IJV industry relatedness to both parents led to lower rates of IJV growth and survival. The findings highlight the importance for IJVs to obtain both external and internal legitimacy, as well as the difficulties IJVs face in acquiring internal legitimacy from both parents simultaneously.
Competition, Competitiveness And 'Created' Competitive Advantages: Re-Positioning The Singapore 'Advantage' In China, India, Vietnam And Indonesia, Caroline Yeoh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
Extending Economic Boundaries: A Note On Singapore's Gambit In Indonesia And India, Caroline Yeoh, Siang Yeung Wong
Extending Economic Boundaries: A Note On Singapore's Gambit In Indonesia And India, Caroline Yeoh, Siang Yeung Wong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
The Way We Think: Ethics, Health And The Environment In International Business, David Nathan Smith
The Way We Think: Ethics, Health And The Environment In International Business, David Nathan Smith
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Breaches of ethics and social responsibility in domestic and international business are typically thought to be anchored in such phenomena as greed, dishonesty and conflict of interest. While these forces are frequently at work in international business transactions, there is often another major force at work when failures of ethics and social responsibility occur. This article addresses the question of what is it about the way that transnational company managers and government officials think or don’t think that leads to breaches of ethics and social responsibility – breaches that often result in major health, environmental and social tragedies. The article …
The Optimal Degree Of Reciprocity In Tariff Reduction, Pao Li Chang
The Optimal Degree Of Reciprocity In Tariff Reduction, Pao Li Chang
Research Collection School Of Economics
This article clari.es the roles played by trade policy, in contrast with iceberg transport cost, in the popular setting of Melitz (2003), and characterizes the optimal reciprocal trade policy in such a setting. I show that import tariffs and iceberg transport cost are not equivalent in the strength of their trade-restricting e¤ects and their welfare implications. With all the con.icting effectsof import tari¤s on welfare considered, the optimal degree of reciprocity in multilateral tari¤ reduction turns out to be free trade.
Tunneling As An Incentive For Earnings Management During The Ipo Process In China, Jiwei Wang, Joseph Aharony, Hongqi Yuan
Tunneling As An Incentive For Earnings Management During The Ipo Process In China, Jiwei Wang, Joseph Aharony, Hongqi Yuan
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Using a sample of 185 Chinese IPO firms listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange during the period 1999-2001, we show that related-party (RP) sales of goods and services could be used opportunistically to manage earnings upwards in the pre-IPO period. We also provide evidence that such behavior may be motivated by the prospect of tunneling opportunities in the post-IPO period, i.e., exploiting economic resources from minority shareholders for the benefit of the parent company. We provide evidence of one such opportunistic tunneling tool: non-repayment by Chinese parent companies of net outstanding corporate loans made to them by their newly listed …
Who Is Taking Your Business Across Borders? Harnessing Human Capital For Successful Regionalization In Asia, Richard Raymond Smith, C. Switzer, E. Craig
Who Is Taking Your Business Across Borders? Harnessing Human Capital For Successful Regionalization In Asia, Richard Raymond Smith, C. Switzer, E. Craig
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
As the dynamics of globalisation change, Asia has become the focal point for business growth. With the region’s immense diversity across cultures, language, politics, economic development, climate, geography, populations and resources, human capital management is perhaps the most critical and most vexing success factor for companies seeking to invest/operate/grow/expand here. To develop this report, we explored the question of successful regionalisation in Asia from a human capital perspective. We asked, What human capital challenges do business and HR leaders face in their quest to succeed in Asia? What initiatives have they launched to overcome these challenges? And what business outcomes …
Organizational Slack, International Expansion And Firm Profitability, Anran Liu
Organizational Slack, International Expansion And Firm Profitability, Anran Liu
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
International expansion is a viable growth strategy for firms operating in an increasingly competitive business environment. Understanding the relationship between international expansion and firm performance has been a significant concern for theory development in the strategy and international business literature. The extant literature, however, has paid insufficient attention to the tradeoff between firm growth and profitability that may imply the existence of an optimal rate of growth. Drawing from the Penrosian perspective that emphasizes the role of resources in firm growth, this study investigates whether and how firm slack resources affect the tradeoff between international expansion and profitability. Specifically, this …
The Relationship Between Product And International Diversification: The Effect Of Asset Dispersion And Asset Diversity On Firm Performance, Yulia Muzyrya
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
There is little consensus on the diversification-performance relationship in the diversification literature. We aim to contribute to this literature by looking simultaneously at product and international diversification and the relationship between both. Furthermore, we distinguish theoretically and empirically between two different components of any diversification strategy, i.e. the degree of diversification and the type of diversification. We test our hypotheses on panel data covering 115 firms. We find that the dispersion of a firm’s activities, both internationally and in different product markets, results in higher levels of performance. Contrary, we find that higher levels in the diversity of the firm’s …
Internationalization And Organizational Resources Of Chinese Firms, Chung-Ming Lau, Hang-Yue Ngo, Daphne W. Yiu
Internationalization And Organizational Resources Of Chinese Firms, Chung-Ming Lau, Hang-Yue Ngo, Daphne W. Yiu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Purpose - The internationalization of Chinese firms has been gaining importance in recent years Informed by Dunning s eclectic paradigm this paper examines the factors leading to the going international decisions of Chinese firms in the very early days of the go global call before the central government offered substantial supportDesign/methodology/approach - It is suggested that two types of organizational factors are relevant to these decisions the firm s management capability and core competencies A survey of data of chief executives from over 3 000 firms in the year 2000 was analyzedFindings - Empirical results indicate that different resources endowments …
Impact Of Culture On ‘Partner Selection Criteria’ In East Asian International Joint Ventures, Ravinder K. Zutshi, Wee Liang Tan
Impact Of Culture On ‘Partner Selection Criteria’ In East Asian International Joint Ventures, Ravinder K. Zutshi, Wee Liang Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Selecting the right partner is important for the success of alliances and joint ventures. For international joint ventures (IJVs) from diverse cultures the partner selection process can become complicated. Prior studies have investigated the alliances and joint ventures to develop a set of objective criteria for evaluating potential partners. This paper reports the study of IJVs formed by Singapore firms in Peoples Republic of China and India. The intent was to develop a methodology for identifying partner selection criteria in a cross-cultural setting. The findings reveal that the partner selection process follows a different logic in Confucian societies. Trust has …
Effects Of International Institutional Factors On Earnings Quality Of Banks, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald Lobo, Kanagaretnam Kiridaran
Effects Of International Institutional Factors On Earnings Quality Of Banks, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald Lobo, Kanagaretnam Kiridaran
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
No abstract provided.
A Re-Examination Of China's Share Issue Privatization, Guohua Jiang, Heng Yue, Longkai Zhao
A Re-Examination Of China's Share Issue Privatization, Guohua Jiang, Heng Yue, Longkai Zhao
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Previous studies show that in contrast to evidence that share issue privatization (SIP) in most other countries have improved firm profitability, China's SIP of the 1990s had no such effect. We argue that the main reason for the failure of China's SIP is likely to have been the weak institutional environment in place at that time. We examine China's SIP in a more recent period in which the institutional environment was greatly improved. Using a matching sample method, we find that SIP firms continued to experience negative post-SIP profitability changes in our sample period. However, their performance decline was significantly …
Effects Of Country-Level Legal, Extra-Legal And Political Institutions On Auditing: A Cross-Country Analysis Of The Auditor Specialization Premium, Bin Sirinidhi, Chee Yeow Lim, Mahmud Hossain
Effects Of Country-Level Legal, Extra-Legal And Political Institutions On Auditing: A Cross-Country Analysis Of The Auditor Specialization Premium, Bin Sirinidhi, Chee Yeow Lim, Mahmud Hossain
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
In this cross-country study of the specialist auditor premium, which spans the US and 12 other countries, we provide evidence that country-level institutional strength increases average audit fees, but reduces the incremental demand for specialist auditors. This finding supports the hypothesis that strong institutions and the demand for specialist knowledge act as substitutes in providing the requisite assurance of financial statements.
Exporting Expertise: Singapore’S Gambits In The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Exporting Expertise: Singapore’S Gambits In The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Singapore’s regionalization stratagem points increasingly towards the influence of both the sociopolitical environment and the economics of competition, in a business environment with an ever-growing number of competitors; to the extent that other forces, particularly political ones, are often sidelined. A more in-depth study of the above two influences is best performed in a context comparatively free of the implicit complex political facets but with sufficiently rich environments to challenge internationalizing firms, and distinct influences to draw pertinent conclusions from. For this purpose, the continually expanding business environments and the unique cultures of the Middle East provide the perfect context …
Guanxi Versus Networking: Distinctive Configurations Of Affect- And Cognition-Based Trust In The Networks Of Chinese And American Managers, Roy Y. J. Chua, Michael W. Morris, Paul Ingram
Guanxi Versus Networking: Distinctive Configurations Of Affect- And Cognition-Based Trust In The Networks Of Chinese And American Managers, Roy Y. J. Chua, Michael W. Morris, Paul Ingram
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This research investigates hypotheses about differences between Chinese and American managers in the configuration of trusting relationships within their professional networks. Consistent with hypotheses about Chinese familial collectivism, an egocentric network survey found that affect- and cognition-based trust were more intertwined for Chinese than for American managers. In addition, the effect of economic exchange on affect-based trust was more positive for Chinese than for Americans, whereas the effect of friendship was more positive for Americans than for Chinese. Finally, the extent to which a given relationship was highly embedded in ties to third parties increased cognition-based trust for Chinese but …
The Evolution And Utilization Of The Gatt/Wto Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Pao Li Chang
The Evolution And Utilization Of The Gatt/Wto Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Pao Li Chang
Research Collection School Of Economics
This paper attempts to study the usage of the GATT/WTO dispute settlement mechanism and to explain its patterns across different regimes and decades, using a unified theoretical model. This study first explores the role of the degree of legal controversy over a panel ruling in determining countries’ incentives to block/appeal a panel report under the GATT/WTO regime. The model is able to explain the surge in blocking incidence during the 1980s over the preceding GATT years and the immense frequency at which the new appellate procedure under the WTO is invoked. Furthermore, a two-sided asymmetric information framework is used to …
International Evidence On Analyst Monitoring And Earnings Management: The Roles Of Corporate Disclosure And National Culture, Soongsoo Han, Tony Kang, Gerald Lobo, Yong Keun Yoo
International Evidence On Analyst Monitoring And Earnings Management: The Roles Of Corporate Disclosure And National Culture, Soongsoo Han, Tony Kang, Gerald Lobo, Yong Keun Yoo
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We examine country-level determinants of private information search incentives, and whether analysts’ role in constraining managers’ opportunistic earnings management varies across countries. In a sample of 31,312 firm-year observations originating from 30 countries, we document that: (1) analyst coverage is negatively (positively) related to the level of corporate disclosure (how secretive the national culture is); (2) the negative association between analyst coverage and earnings management is observed in stronger investor protection countries but not in weaker investor protection countries; and (3) analyst monitoring fails to mitigate culturedriven earnings manipulations in countries with more individualistic and uncertainty-tolerant cultures. Taken together, financial …
Institutional Distance And Location Choice Of Multinational Enterprises, Yumeng Du
Institutional Distance And Location Choice Of Multinational Enterprises, Yumeng Du
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Even though scholars have realized the importance of the impact of the institutional environment on the strategy of MNEs, most of them have overlooked the first and essential step of the FDI decision location choice. In this paper, we link institutional theory and location choice literature and propose that the difference in the host country and home country`s institutional environments - institutional distance - has a negative effect on the FDI`s location choice. We also formulate hypotheses about firm specific attributes that may moderate this impact of institutional distance on location choice. Using data on Japanese companies` FDI information and …
A New Frontier In Internationalization: Singapore's Gambits In The Middle East, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh
A New Frontier In Internationalization: Singapore's Gambits In The Middle East, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
Bringing It All Back Home, Arnoud Cyriel Leo De Meyer, Matthias Holweg
Bringing It All Back Home, Arnoud Cyriel Leo De Meyer, Matthias Holweg
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There seems little thatcan be positive for the UK manufacturing sector in oil prices above $120 abarrel, rising costs of other natural resources, inflation and growingenvironmental pressure. But there may be a silver lining. Increased transportcosts resulting from higher energy prices and carbon taxes may create anopportunity for a revival in western manufacturing.
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is a small but theoretically important literature on 'born-globals' or international new venture firms that positions itself in contrast to the more established sequential international entry literature. In this paper we examine the pattern of entry into international markets for a set of international new ventures and show that they need not be a distinct breed of firms, as previous research has portrayed. Absent a specific technological advantage, the decision for a new venture to internationalize at inception is influenced by the size of its home market and by its production capacity, as well as by cultural and economic …
The Challenge Of Developing Across Borders: Singapore’S Gambit In Bangalore, India, Choong Tze Chua, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh
The Challenge Of Developing Across Borders: Singapore’S Gambit In Bangalore, India, Choong Tze Chua, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
A Trans-Tasman Business Elite?, Nicholas Harrigan, Shaun Goldfinch
A Trans-Tasman Business Elite?, Nicholas Harrigan, Shaun Goldfinch
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article examines the close relationship between the Australian and New Zealand business communities to ask whether the relationship is best characterized as simply a bi-lateral trading relationship, or whether there is evidence of the formation of a transnational business community. This article also seeks to explore the nature of Australia—New Zealand integration, and specifically the degree to which the relationship is interdependent or asymmetrical. Data are drawn from quantitative sources — including a dataset developed from the IBISWorld's Largest 2000 Enterprises in Australia and New Zealand, Who's Who in Australia, and Who's Who in Business in Australia — and …
Technological Knowledge, Product Relatedness, And Parent Control: The Effect On Ijv Survival, Dean Xu, Jane W. Lu
Technological Knowledge, Product Relatedness, And Parent Control: The Effect On Ijv Survival, Dean Xu, Jane W. Lu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article examines the relationships among parent firm technological knowledge, parent-IJV product relatedness, parent control over the IJV, and IJV survival. Combining the knowledge-based perspective and institutional theory, we argue that parent control itself does not necessarily lead to higher IN survival; it contributes to IN survival when the parent firm has a high level of technological knowledge, and when the IJV is product-related to this parent. Results obtained from 1038 Japanese IJVs based in China indicate that both equity control and managerial control of a Japanese parent had a positive interaction effect, with the parent's technological knowledge, on IN …
State-Led Transborder Industrialization In Asia: A Note On Singapore's Manufacturing Enclaves In Vietnam And China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
State-Led Transborder Industrialization In Asia: A Note On Singapore's Manufacturing Enclaves In Vietnam And China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
State-led, market-driven interventions have been the hallmark of the Singapore `success storyÆ. This paper revisits SingaporeÆs state-enterprise strategy and takes a closer look at the portability of this strategy, in the framework of Regionalization21, a series of transborder industrialization experiments in Indonesia, Vietnam and China. These state-engineered projects, orchestrated to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the region, remain controversial. This strategic initiative is promulgated on the exportability of SingaporeÆs state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies, to locations where these attributes are less distinct. We present evidence culled from surveys and interviews …
International Venturing By Emerging Economy Firms: The Effects Of Firm Capabilities, Home Country Networks, And Corporate Entrepreneurship, Daphne W. Yiu, Chungming Lau, Garry D. Bruton
International Venturing By Emerging Economy Firms: The Effects Of Firm Capabilities, Home Country Networks, And Corporate Entrepreneurship, Daphne W. Yiu, Chungming Lau, Garry D. Bruton
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Past literature on foreign direct investment generally supports an economics perspective that there is a direct relationship between firm-specific ownership advantages and international expansion. However, in emerging economies, with their institutional environment context characterized by low resource munificence and continuous economic liberalization, a theoretical extension of the current perspective is needed. This paper introduces new parameters by focusing on specific ownership advantages and strategic actions that firms have to develop in response to the institutional characteristics of the emerging economies when they decide to pursue outward FDI. The focus here is on international venturing that requires a firm to engage …