Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations Commons^™

Maximizing Online Intersession Enrollment Through Targeted Course Offerings, Heather S. Mcmillan, Charles D. Mcallister

Journal of the North American Management Society

Abstract

Online winter intersession courses have become an increasingly important strategy for universities seeking to support accelerated student progression while generating incremental tuition revenue. This study examines ten years of winter intersession enrollment data from a public, master’s-level comprehensive university in the Midwestern United States to identify course characteristics associated with higher student enrollment. Using 12,520 individual enrollment records, the analysis focuses on course type (general education versus major requirement), course classification (lower level, upper level, blended undergraduate/graduate, and graduate), and course discipline. A series of ANOVAs and Bonferroni post-hoc tests reveal significant differences in enrollment across these dimensions, with …

Organizational Pitfalls Of The Dual-Identity Leader, Yvonne Randolph, Asa Wilson

Journal of the North American Management Society

The dual-identity leader (D-IL) is an individual assigned to one job description yet is, in practice, fulfilling an additional position’s role. This secondary role is self-determined; has not been assigned yet is being allowed by those with governance and/or executive authority. Three case examples of the D-IL are presented and discussed as a problematic leadership configuration for an organization. The personal characteristics driving this approach are identified as a foundation for clarifying the organizational consequences of such an executive leader. Preventative and corrective tactics are discussed that eliminate or minimize the adverse impact of the D-IL’s organizational behavior.

Reflections At The Close Of My Freshman Year As Editor, Heather S. Mcmillan

Journal of the North American Management Society

No abstract provided.

Staff Matters: How To Get Creative With Staff Benefit Offerings, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Small practices must be intentional and creative with benefits to distinguish themselves in the competitive labor market. Strategies include offering Individual Coverage Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRAs) or covering dental/vision care. Work-life balance benefits are highly valued, such as flexible scheduling, additional paid time off beyond the state-mandated Earned Sick Time Act, or time off for birthdays. Practices should consider financial wellness options like retirement savings plans or student loan repayment assistance. Professional development, like covering certifications and offering mentorship, is crucial. Using platforms like TASC or Fringe to provide flexible "lifestyle" benefits allows employees to choose perks that matter most …

Patriarchal Logics In Entrepreneurial Ecosystems And Outcomes For Female Entrepreneurs, Alexandria Krause Matlack

Dissertations

This dissertation examines how patriarchal logics shape the efficiency of funding for female entrepreneurs by comparing two U.S. entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) within the same state: Kansas City and St. Louis. Although these EEs are geographically proximate and structurally comparable, St. Louis has nearly twice as many women-led ventures as Kansas City receiving institutional capital. Drawing on 31 semi-structured interviews, the study includes 20 entrepreneurs, 11 from Kansas City (5 women, 6 men) and 9 from St. Louis (4 women, 5 men), of whom are CEOs of startups founded between 2014 and 2022 and recipients of institutional funding (e.g., grants, angel, …

Social Media Marketing And Business Performance Of Small And Medium Fashion Enterprises In Tanzania: The Moderating Role Of Social Media Strategic Capabilities, Pamela Kishimbo, Juma James Masele, Dev Jani

Business Management Review

This study examines the influence of social media marketing (SMM) on the business performance of small and medium fashion enterprises (SMFEs) in Tanzania, with social media strategic capabilities (SMSCs) as a moderating variable in this relationship. The study is grounded in the Uses and Gratification Theory (UGT) and Resource-Based View (RBV). The study used a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from 397 SMFEs through structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between SMM and the business performance of SMFEs in Tanzania. Furthermore, the findings show that SMSCs …

Conflict Clarity: How To Teach Students To Turn Disputes Into Growth Opportunities, Eileen Paige Petzold-Bradley

Learning and Educational Center Virtual Teaching and Learning Conference

Conflict is an unavoidable part of learning and working in today’s fast-changing industries. Faculty often observe students struggling with teamwork, communication breakdowns, and emotional self-management during group projects or internships. This session equips educators with practical strategies to help students build durable skills—conflict resolution, emotional intelligence, and self-awareness—that translate directly into professional success.

Drawing on research in conflict management, leadership, and organizational psychology, participants will explore the “Conflict Clarity” framework: a set of teaching tools, reflection prompts, and case scenarios designed for classroom use across disciplines. Faculty will learn how to integrate conflict styles, the CLEAR conversation framework, and role-play …

J Mich Dent Assoc November 2025

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Each month, the Journal of the Michigan Dental Association delivers news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. It remains the main publication reaching Michigan dentists and is available worldwide through ADA Commons.

The November 2025 (Volume 107, No. 11) issue of the Journal is published in both hard copy and with a digital-only format to provide updates and insights for Michigan's oral health community and MDA members. Print editions will resume in November.

The November issue focuses on membership along with a reprinted clinical article on the Oral Manifestations …

Dentistry And The Law: We Forgot To Renew Our Employment Agreement —Now What?, Daniel Schulte Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This Q&A addresses the legal implications when a fixed-term dental employment agreement expires without formal renewal. MDA Legal Counsel explains that if the employee continues working under the same conditions, an oral employment agreement is implicitly formed, retaining the original terms but becoming terminable without cause by either party at any time. A key consequence is that any post-termination provisions, such as a covenant not to compete, begin their restricted period countdown from the original agreement's expiration date, regardless of continued employment. The article advises that it's generally more practical for employment agreements to simply state that the term continues …

Staff Matters: Can I Google Someone Before I Decide To Hire Them?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This Q&A addresses the practice of using Google searches to vet job applicants, cautioning that while it provides public information, it can also inadvertently reveal protected classifications (e.g., religious beliefs, race, age), making hiring decisions based on such information illegal and discriminatory. The article advises conducting internet searches after a screening interview to first establish a candidate's qualifications, which provides a defensible rationale for hiring choices. It is crucial to obtain a signed release from the applicant before conducting any background checks to ensure compliance with laws like the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The author also notes that requiring access …

Polymathy: The Foundational Source Of Creativity And Innovation., Michael Araki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In an era of mounting complexity and a growing need to transcend siloed thinking, this dissertation advances polymathy as a critical yet underexplored construct in the management and behavioral sciences. Polymathy is framed as an expansive approach to the pursuit, development, and application of knowledge, marked by the conjunction of breadth, depth, and integration. Building on a thought lineage that stretches from Ancient Greece through the Renaissance to the present day, this work shows that polymathy is neither a relic of the past nor an achievement reserved for a few—but a mode of being, thinking, and acting in the world …

Editorial Note, Heather S. Mcmillan

Journal of the North American Management Society

No abstract provided.

From Answering Questions To Replacing Staff: Analyzing The Effect And Possibilities Of Artificial Intelligence On The Structure Of Organizations, Caleb J. Cissna

Honors Projects

Over the last several years artificial intelligence has risen in commonality, availability, knowledge and usage across multiple industries, including business firms and organizations. Terming the multitude of tasks that are completed by these machines “artificial intelligence” is somewhat dismissive – the broadness of the tasks is unmatched by most any other innovation within the 21^st century. The widespread nature of artificial intelligence today have advanced many organizations, with many using the technology to create competitive advantage for themselves in certain industries, while others have seen it level the competitive field between firms in a given industry. Following this research …

Improving Employee Turnover Intention: Outsourced Human Resources Vs. In-House Human Resources, Precious Carter, Gary Blau, John Deckop, Daniel Goldberg

Engaged Management ReView

Small business research has neglected comparing employees’ perceptions on variables related to in-house human resources (HRI) vs. outsourced human resources (HRO) in small businesses. We used a mixed methods research design to study this issue. The first study consisted of 11 in-depth interviews. The qualitative insights we gained helped to guide survey construction for the second quantitative survey-based study. For the survey, 101 HRI U.S. employees and 97 HRO U.S. employees filled out a survey. Results from the HRI and HRO samples were equivalent in terms of participants’ years of work experience, work schedule, gender, company size, company age, perceived …

The Digital Incorporated Worker Narrative: A Mixed Methods Study Of Digital Capital, Work Selection, And Outcomes In The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Tracie King

Dissertations

Digital technology permeates society and industry, making digital-ready workers necessary for firms of all sizes as a firm seeks competitiveness in the market (Bergson-Shilcock et al., 2023; de Ruyter et al., 2018; Gorski et al., 2022; Karaboğa, 2023; Kim et al., 2017; Qureshi Zia, 2019). Firms seeking digital-ready workers face a complex digital divide that creates a worker shortage (Bergson-Shilcock et al., 2023; Karaboğa, 2023; Qureshi Zia, 2019). This study aims to describe workers' work selection, work experience, and outcomes in a complex digital society.

Most digital divide research focuses on the individuals excluded from owning, accessing, and having skills …

Staff Matters: Understanding And Implementing The Earned Sick Time Act, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This month’s "Staff Matters" column provides a summary of the recent amendments to the Earned Sick Time Act (ESTA) in Michigan, which brought significant changes just as the original effective date approached. It clarifies the effective dates for different employer sizes, with small employers (10 or fewer employees) having an extended deadline of October 1, 2025. The article outlines key changes related to structuring time banks, policy revisions, and required employee notifications. It also mentions free resources and tools available through HRM Services and a revised MDA Staff Matters® Sample Employee Handbook to aid in ESTA compliance.

Going Non-Par: What Are Your Options?; With Sidebar: One Dentist’S Experience With Going Non-Par, Alan Laing Dds, Mba, Greg Maxson Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The article discusses the considerations for dental practices contemplating dropping insurance participation (going non-par). It emphasizes the importance of analyzing practice objectives, patient demographics, competition, and financial policies before making this decision. The transition to non-par status can impact patient relationships and requires a strong financial and collection policy. Ultimately, the decision should be based on a thorough understanding of the practice and its goals.

The sidebar presents supplementary content and includes a call for MDA members to share their experiences with non-participation in insurance plans and features Dr. Greg Maxson's personal account of going non-par. Dr. Maxson emphasizes that …

Exploring Leadership In Physical Therapy: How Clarity, Connection, And Communication Influence Team Engagement, Burnout, And Achieving Organizational Objectives, Jason Collin

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this mixed methods study was to identify and describe how highly effective PT leaders use the three competencies of HPTs (clarity, connection, and communication) to increase engagement, prevent burnout, and achieve organizational objectives. The second purpose of this study was to determine the degree of importance that highly effective PT leaders perceive the three HPTE core competencies impact their leadership for creating HPTs.

Methodology: The mixed methods study identified and described eight PT leaders’ perceptions of how they use clarity, connection, and communication to build and sustain HPTs. PT leaders were selected through purposive and snowball …

Harvest Gold Distillery, Alexis Mackey, Alexander Grecco, Cole Smith, Maggie Patterson, Blake Benko

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The goal of our research project is to establish and grow Harvest Gold Distillery: a corn-based liquor distillery in Ohio that aims to produce and sell high-quality spirits while offering unique services that enhance outreach in the community. The motivation behind this business venture is rooted in one of our team member’s family traditions; Alex’s family makes homemade liquors, which has fostered an in-depth understanding of the distillation process. Alex’s firsthand experience with the craft provides a solid foundation, yet we recognize that starting a distillery involves significant challenges and requires thorough research in several functions of business. This project …

J Mich Dent Assoc January 2025

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Each month, the Journal of the Michigan Dental Association provides news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. It is the primary publication reaching Michigan dentists. The January issue sets the tone for February, the observance of Children’s Dental Health Month.

Michigan Academy of Pediatric Dentistry President Jessica Bentoski welcomes readers to this special issue, which features a cover feature on “Approaches to Care for Children with Special Needs in Dental Settings: Desensitization and Teledentistry” and a supporting article on “General Dentists’ Education, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Concerning the Effects …

Social Capital, Post-Industrial Society, And Faulty Industry Experience: Higher Education’S Engagement Opportunity In Applied Disciplines, Asa B. Wilson, Steven A. Stovall, Edward Crowley

Journal of the North American Management Society

Higher education faces two currents - declining social capital support and the post-industrial transition. Both impact the academy and its students. The associated challenges are discussed as engagement opportunities for the academy in applied disciplines. Also, the instructional value of faculty industry experience (IE) is defined as an attribute of social capital. It fosters student engagement while building an experiential learning bridge from the classroom to the workplace. A composite case based on faculty social capital backgrounds illustrates how faculty IE augments program development, academic rigor, student readiness, research creativity, industry linkages, and community impact. Follow-up research opportunities are identified.

Journal Management, Administration, And Promotion: The Power And Impact Of The Jnams Relaunch, Michael Dobbs, Heather S. Mcmillan

Journal of the North American Management Society

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting Csr Practices In Entrepreneurship: Case Of Female Entrepreneurs In Pakistan, Muhammad Nawaz Tunio, Iffat Sabir, Aamir Rashid, Faheem Gul Gilald

Publications and Research

Purpose: The aim of this chapter is to find out the factors affecting female entrepreneurship in the case of the Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) in entrepreneurship.

Methodology: In this chapter, semi-structured interviews are conducted to reach the final findings of the study.

Findings: Findings entail different six factors that severely affect CSR activities in entrepreneurship in Pakistan. These six factors are the educational system and skills gap, Cultural Mindset and Risk Aversion, Limited Access to Finance, Regulatory and Bureaucratic Hurdles, Political Instability and Security Concerns, and Inadequate Infrastructure. Every factor has its intensity and influence on the entrepreneurial process.

Originality/value: …

Take Action To Address Virginia’S Dental Workforce Needs, Ryan Dunn

Virginia Dental Journal

This article lays out the facts about the dental workforce situation in Virginia and offers potential solutions. The state's dental workforce is under pressure, with rising demand for dental assistants and hygienists and ongoing hiring challenges exacerbated by the pandemic. Despite having more dentists than the national average, rural areas still face shortages. The Virginia Dental Association (VDA) encourages members to support local dental programs, share their workforce challenges, and participate in advocacy efforts. The VDA is actively involved in finding both short-term and long-term solutions to meet the state's dental care needs.

Influences On Small Business Leaders’ Decisions About Supportive Policies And Practices For Employees Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Abuse, Marilyn Lucille Brock

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Intimate partner abuse affects millions of individuals from all segments of society, and existing literature demonstrates that it has extensive impacts on American companies through loss of workplace productivity, reduced workplace safety, and employee turnover. While several supportive policies and practices have been suggested for implementation in business environments, many business leaders do not perceive the utilization of such measures as having business value. Thus, this study addresses the question, What influences business leaders’ decisions about whether and to what degree to adopt policies and practices for responding to employees’ experiences of intimate partner abuse? This dissertation is a qualitative …

Locum Tenens Dentists: You May Need One, Or You May Be One, Angie Kanazeh

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Locum tenens dentists temporarily fulfill the duties of an absent or short-staffed dentist. This practice is beneficial for both hiring dentists and those serving as locum tenens. For hiring dentists, considerations include ensuring the locum tenens dentist is properly licensed, credentialed with insurance networks, and adequately insured. For locum tenens dentists, benefits include flexible schedules, diverse experiences, networking opportunities, and potential higher earnings. Both parties should have clear agreements and consult with healthcare attorneys. The demand for locum tenens dentists is growing, offering valuable support in the dental community.

Enhancing The Visibility Of Traditional Craft Puspa Rinengga Batik Through Online Marketing Approaches, Mimi Savitri, Hayatul Cholsy, Uswatun Hasanah

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

This study addresses the visibility of traditional craft and focuses on developing a strategy to increase its exposure through online marketing platforms. Puspa Rinengga Batik Studio, a small and medium-sized enterprise in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, specializes in creating batik with jangkang motifs. Despite their unique craft, the studio struggled with marketing their products, resulting in an imbalance between production and sales. This study explores a strategy to boost sales by leveraging social media for digital marketing. The approach involves empowering the community through workshops and implementing a sustainability program. As a result of this initiative, the studio successfully utilized social …

Value Of National Cultural Dimension Of Social Entrepreneurship In Indonesia, Ati Cahayani, Aristo Surya Gunawan, Nidaan Khafian

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

Social entrepreneurship in Indonesia has multiplied. They are more public figures in the field of social entrepreneurship. The fundamental value that made them set up social entrepreneurship is caring. However, it assumed that those specific fundamental values make social entrepreneurship in Indonesia unique. These values reflect the national cultural dimensions of social entrepreneurship in Indonesia. This study wants to analyze whether the national cultural dimensions of the seven organizations are identical using a qualitative method for analyzing secondary and primary data. Primary data were obtained from interviews with seven owners or leaders of the social enterprises, and the sampling technique …

Entrepreneurship Education: Understanding The Lived Entrepreneurial Experience Of Community College Students In South Texas, Hussain Y. Sama

Theses & Dissertations

Entrepreneurship education (EE) is a hot topic and has gained the attention and interest of scholars in the United States and globally. Despite the growth of EE, scholars have been marginalizing the impact of EE at the community college level and there is a dearth of studies in this area (Liguori et al. 2019; Mars & Ginter 2012). Therefore, I conducted this study to bridge this indicated gap and contribute to the EE literature through exploring the entrepreneurial learning and practical experiences of community college student entrepreneurs.

The purpose of this qualitative narrative inquiry was to better understand the lived …

Staff Matters: Utilizing ‘Unretired’ Workers To Address Hiring Challenges, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Jodi Schafer suggests targeting "unretired" workers to address front office staffing challenges in dental practices. These retirees bring valuable experience, reliability, and a commitment to customer service. Strategies include offering flexible schedules and competitive benefits and targeting recruitment efforts through networks frequented by retirees. Utilizing this demographic can supplement and support full-time staff, alleviating hiring difficulties.