Accounting Commons^™

Analysis Of The Impact Of Changes In The Prices Of Rice And Fuel On Poverty In The Philippines, Celia M. Reyes, Alellie B. Sobrevinas, Joel Bancolita, Jeremy De Jesus

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study aims to assess the impact of rising prices of rice and fuel on poverty in the Philippines. In particular, the variations in the potential effects among different group of households were analyzed using household level data. Results of the study confirm that the impact of increasing prices of rice and fuel vary across different groups of households depending on the sector of employment, level of urbanity, income group and geographical location. In fact, there are losers and gainers from the recent increases in the prices of rice and fuel. In response to higher prices, households adopted different coping …

Prospect Theory And The Financial Markets: A Review, Paulo Jose M. Mutuc

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The Prospect Theory as proposed by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) has emerged as a widely accepted theory of decision-making, thanks largely to the persistence of observed anomalies in the trading of financial products – specifically, the existence of an unusually large premium on equities, and the tendency to hold on to losing investments (disposition effect). Questions about the true nature and extent of reference-dependent loss aversion as manifested by these phenomena, however, remain. In particular, for countries like the Philippines with relatively shallow capital markets, there is a need to reconcile financial education and advice with the reality of systematically …

Values Of Females And Males In The East And West: Are They Similar Or Different?, Arnel Onesimo O. Uy, Edward F. Murphy, Regina A. Greenwood

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Understanding whether cross-cultural values are similar or different has become more important in an increasingly global marketplace. Yet, few studies have explored cross-cultural sex-based value structures. This study examines the values of 5,134 male and female working adults in three Eastern nations (Japan, the Philippines, and Thailand) and three Western nations (United States, United Kingdom, and Iceland). For similarities, males and females more highly valued personal than social terminal values. For differences, males in the East more highly valued self-actualization/competence instrumental values. Females in both geographic groups placed higher importance on social terminal values than did males, supporting prior research.

Impact Of Hiked Prices Of Food And Basic Commodities On Poverty In Cambodia: Empirical Evidences From Cbms Five Villages, Try Sothearith, So Sovannarith

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The study on the impact of hiked prices of food and basic commodities on poverty is designed as a follow-up CBMS survey of 5 villages in a Northwest province of Cambodia. The hiked prices in Cambodia and in CBMS sites occurred when there were changes in demand and prices of petrol, food and other consumer goods at the international market. The rising prices have immediately resulted in food insecurity for many people and pushed small landholders into indebtedness and deteriorated the capacity of the poor to cope with any future shocks or crises. This requires a stronger social safety net …

Effects Of Rising Food And Oil Prices On Rural Households In Ghana: A Case Study Of Selected Communities In The Dangme West District Using The Cbms Approach, Felix A. Asante, Cynthia A. Tagoe, Alfred A. Boakye

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study sought to examine the effects of rising food and oil prices on rural households in Ghana in relation to their food, access to healthcare and education, changes in their work situations, their financial management practices, and their recreational and leisure practices using three selected communities in the Dangme West district of the Greater Accra region – Dodowa, Ningo, and Prampram. A total of 300 households were interviewed. The households were divided concerning the issue of whether their standard of living was better, worse or had remained the same. In general, households that indicated they were worse off currently …

The Context Of Cultural Intelligence – A Book Review Of David Livermore’S Leading With Cultural Intelligence: The New Secret To Success, Emiliano T. Hudtohan

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Livermore’s contribution to global leadership is his pioneering work on cultural intelligence (CQ), a new addition to a growing number of multiple formulations of human intelligences and quotients. By addressing culture as a key factor of leadership in a global context, he now provides a neutral perspective on culture for corporate leaders. This perspective is aligned with the growing trend of understanding other cultures and civilizations with empathy. Leading with Cultural Intelligence: The New Secret to Success may yet facilitate the implementation of global hypernorms proposed in integrative social contract theory and facilitate compliance to global standards of codes of …

2010 Ijbe Front Matter, Tamra Connor

International Journal for Business Education

1. Editorial Board
2. President's Letter
3. SIEC-ISBE International

Including The Customer In Efficiency Analysis:Evidence Of A Hybrid Relational-Transactional Approach, Joseph Coughlan, Estelle Shale, Robert Dyson

Articles

Purpose This paper illustrates the effect of including the customer as a resource in efficiency measurement. Variations in counting the customer illustrate the different impacts on efficiency between a transactional and a relational approach to bank branch marketing. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to analyse the efficiency of the branch network under consideration. This technique, while well established in the bank branch efficiency literature, is used here to gain insight into how relationship and transactional paradigms are affecting performance. Findings Although the average profile of the efficiency scores was similar, the scores of the individual branches differed …

Is The Special Purpose Vehicles Act Responsible For The Decline In Npl Ratios?, Stephanie L. Chan, Andrew Adrian Y. Pua

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study aimed to determine if the SPV Act was actually responsible for the marked decline in NPL ratios this past four years. Using aggregated data for the entire Philippine Banking System, segregated according to type of bank, results suggest that the SPV Act was not responsible for the decline in the NPL ratios but may be attributed to a downward trend in the loan to asset ratio where values are getting closer to the interval for which NPL ratios are at a minimum, economic sluggishness as measured by deviations from the long run trend of macroeconomic variables, and seasonal …

Corruption In Contemporary Nigeria, Gabriel K. Afolabi

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Events in contemporary Nigeria point to the fact that corruption is a cankerworm that has eaten into the fabric of every facet of national life. Public officials demand payment of ransom before and/or after performing their legitimate functions. Businesspeople shortchange their customers through unfair dealings, while law-enforcement agents demand bribes and collaborate with fraudulent elements in the society. Employee theft is a common occurrence in many organizations. This study focuses on the nature of corruption, as well as causes, and strategies to adopt in curbing this disease in contemporary Nigeria. It concludes on the need to adopt a multidimensional approach, …

Nigeria’S Debt Overhang (1960-2005): A Critical Revisit, Solomon A. Adebola

DLSU Business & Economics Review

A general global trend up to the 1980’s has been for nations to rely substantially on external loans and aids for economic sustenance and technological development. This is particularly true for less developed countries (LDC). Unfortunately for these LDCs, their debts have gone beyond the countries’ capacity to repay. The debts have, for many such developing countries, been on a perpetual geometrical increase. Such countries have ended up with a debt overhang, with its detrimental impacts on the countries’ economic growth and social development. This research note gives a treatise on the theoretical framework of a debt overhang, and a …

Structural Analysis Of Affect In The Pre-Purchase Context, Rosemary R. Seva, Henry Been Lirn Duh, Martin G. Helander

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Previous studies on consumption related affect did not identify specific components in the pre-purchase context. This article reviewed theoretical bases of affect and its relationship to product judgment and determined the components and structure of pre-purchase affect. Field studies were conducted to gather an initial list of affect experienced before purchasing “highinvolvement” products. An initial list of 94 pre-purchase affect was identified and trimmed down to 18 after further statistical analysis. A second study was conducted to determine the structure of the pre-purchase emotion set (PES) derived from the first study. Multidimensional scaling was used and four clusters of emotion …

A Comparative Analysis Of The Entrepreneurial Styles Of Second, Third, And Fourth Generation Overseas Chinese And Filipinos In The Philippines, Gerley Q. Po

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study used the multiple case study research approach and presents a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences in entrepreneurship styles among second, third and fourth generation overseas Chinese and Filipinos in the Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to compare the entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial characteristics, leadership styles, and value orientation. The results indicate that the two groups are heterogeneous even though they operate business in the same country. However, slowly, the influence of Filipino culture is seen in the fourth generation overseas Chinese. The study hopes to provide new generation of entrepreneurs insights on entrepreneurial styles that need to change to …

Human Resource Management Practices: Drivers For Stimulating Corporate Entrepreneurship In Large Companies In The Philippines, Divina M. Edralin

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Leading companies in the Philippines have realized that nurturing an entrepreneurial culture through the implementation of various strategic human resource management (HRM) practices will enhance their firm’s ability to gain competitive advantage and achieve superior performance. This study attempted to determine the degree to which various HRM practices stimulate corporate entrepreneurship and which HRM function is the most significant driver of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) in large companies in the Philippines. Findings reveal that the companies are extensively implementing different practices related to HRM functions that cultivate CE. Employee relations, training and development, and recruitment and selection HRM functions are found …

Exploratory Market Survey Of Tuba In Tacloban City, Arturo Pacho

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This research note explores the market condition of tuba in Tacloban City in the Philippines. It examined the market viability of tuba as a source of income for small retailers as well as coconut farmers. To determine whether there is any commercial value to tuba, and to what extent, a survey was made on the type of tuba sold, the price it is sold for, the quantity sold, the age of tuba, and the source of tuba. This report provides basic information as to the commercial value of tuba to small store retailers in the city.

Ownership, Institutions, And Capital Structure: Evidence From China, Kai Li, Heng Yue, Longkai Zhao

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We employ a unique data set to explore the role of ownership structure and institutional development in debt financing of non-publicly traded Chinese firms. We show that state ownership is positively associated with leverage and firms’ access to long-term debt, while foreign ownership is negatively associated with all measures of leverage. Surprisingly, firms in better developed regions are associated with reduced access to long-term debt, suggesting the availability of alternative financing channels and the tightening of the lending standards under the on-going banking reform. The combination of ownership structures and institutions explains up to 6% of the total variation in …

The Impact Of Selected Corporate Governance Variables In Mitigating Earnings Management In The Philippines, Mc Reynald S. Banderlipe Ii

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Given the increasing importance of corporate governance in the Philippines, this study attempts to explain the role of selected governance variables related to a company’s board of directors in mitigating earnings management in the country. Using the financial statements of publicly listed companies and a modified measurement model, the findings revealed that the holding of multiple directorial positions by the independent directors, and the managerial ownership of the board are significant enough to limit the incentives for earnings management. Moreover, firm size and return on assets were identified to have explanatory significance among the controlling factors.

Towards An Innovation Model In Teaching Management, Ernesto L. Bumatay

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study discusses an innovation to management teaching called Learning-Activity-Based Experience Model (LAB-E Model). The perspective is that the entire learning process in a course will be experienced through sets of activities designed by the faculty. These sets or clusters of problems and activities are unique to the contents and objectives of the course as well as to the varying needs and capabilities of the students. Through management activities created and designed by the faculty, learning takes place. This innovative teaching model incorporates other common teaching methodologies which include small group presentation, facilitated discussion of cases, and lecture-discussion approach.

Input-Ouput Analysis Of The Key Sectors In Philippine Carbon Dioxide Emissions From A Production Perspective, Rachel C. Reyes

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The study computes the carbon dioxide emissions of the Philippines for the period of 2000 to 2006 and applies a production perspective input-output analysis to identify the key sectors whose value-added growth were responsible for the increase in emissions of the country and those that exhibited increased sectoral emissions from overall income growth. Power generation turned out to be the primary sector while cement manufacture, wholesale/retail trade, mining, road and water transport, and private services were revealed as the secondary sectors, jointly accounting for 0.66% increase in the country’s emissions from a 1% growth in their valueadded and experiencing 0.75% …

Perceived Organizational Effectiveness Of Labor Unions In The Banking, Hotel, And Manufacturing Industries, Divina M. Edralin

DLSU Business & Economics Review

To determine the extent of influence of the organization’s context and structure factors on the perceived effectiveness of labor unions in the banking, hotel, and manufacturing industries in the National Capital Region, 88 local unions consisting of 772 rank-and-file and supervisory union members from 82 firms were covered. It is evident from the results that the level of union effectiveness as perceived by the members is a function of two major organizational factors, namely, context and structure. Moreover, there are significant differences in the average level of effectiveness rating of unions per industry.

Law Making In The Guise Of Procedures: Placing Hurdles To The Right Of Appeal To The National Labor Relations Commission, Emmanuel O. Sales

DLSU Business & Economics Review

It is a legal given that the power to make laws or new norms lies with Congress and this power, granted by the Constitution, cannot be shared with or should not be encroached upon by another branch of government or an instrumentality of a branch. Rule making to implement the law or the promulgation of procedures to establish the process of enforcing rights is not always done subordinate to or in accordance with law. This study posits that the 2005 Rules of Procedure of the National Labor Relations Commission, specifically on the requirements for taking an appeal, is a case …

Innovation Process And Performance In Small- To Medium-Sized Firms: A Conceptual Framework, Edgardo S. Bolinao

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study maps out the innovation process in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that can fundamentally affect business performance. The development of the conceptual framework can be used to encourage and enhance successful innovation management for SMEs. Overall, effective innovation is based on managing this process as a whole and on building up capacity and competency at each stage in the innovation. The framework put forth in this study is being proposed to be used as template for the development of a management development program for SMEs’ owner-managers and as a practical tool for diagnosing SMEs’ support systems.

What Is “The Learning Filipino Firm”?, Raymund B. Habaradas

DLSU Business & Economics Review

“The learning Filipino firm” can be classified into three types, namely the reactive firm, which is a reluctant learner; the adaptive firm, which is an eager learner; and the generative firm, which is a dynamic learner. This typology is based on the hypothesis that a firm’s learning style and its innovative capability is influenced by its organizational design. Among the key dimensions that must be considered are as follows: (a) organizational strategy, (b) organizational structure, and (c) organizational culture. These dimensions are closely intertwined, and, therefore, collectively influence a firm’s ability to constantly renew itself.

The Functional Specification Of The Wageexperience Relationship And Male Wage Inequality In The Philippines: A Decomposition Analysis, Lawrence B. Dacuycuy

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study analyzed the factors that have contributed to the increase in wage inequality among male workers in the Philippines. Using the Fields (2003) framework as a decomposition platform, the validity of the usual parametric specification of the wage-experience relationship to ascertain the effects of functional misspecification on wage decomposition estimates was investigated. The study found that the quadratic specification of the nonlinear relationship is inadequate, thereby favoring the use of the semiparametric partially linear model, which does not impose any functional assumption on the said relationship.

An Evaluation Of Financial And Non-Financial Environmental Disclosures Of Ten Publicly-Listed Mining Companies In The Philippines, Nimpha M. Aquino

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study determined the environmental disclosure practices of 10 mining companies in the Philippines by examining the nature and extent of disclosures in the financial and non-financial sections of their 2006 corporate annual reports. It was found out that there was no uniformity in the environmental disclosures of the 10 mining companies. It was also discovered that there was no existing environmental reporting standards as far as environmental disclosure is concerned. The study provided recommendations to the standard-setting council to improve the firms’ environmental disclosure compliance with a discussion regarding the benefits these recommendations might offer.

Stock Diversification And Integer Programming, Emilina R. Sarreal

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study shows how investors can maximize returns by preparing and monitoring their own stock portfolio by using an integer programming model with an algorithm that can be computed in spreadsheet and linear programming software. Further, the study emphasizes the importance of diversifying stockholdings to reap optimal returns and minimum volatility/risk. It also suggests employing behavioral portfolio theory where goals/aspirations of investors are combined with their reward-to-volatility profile.

Risk Management In The Indian Petrochemical Industry (With Special Reference To Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd.), Tamma K. Reddy, Subhayan Basu

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study focuses on the identification and acceptance or offsetting of the risks threatening the profitability and existence of any petrochemical organization. It deals with the foreign exchange risk management policy of Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd. and how it could be implemented in the risk minimization or the profit maximization of the company. It applies theories about risks and offers insights and recommendations to the company regarding their management of risk exposures.

Exchange Rate Pass-Through For Selected Southeast Asian Countries, Stephanie L. Chan

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Long- and short-run exchange rate pass-through coefficients were estimated for Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines using a simple model based on absolute purchasing power parity. Results were lower than 0.30 for all four countries. Cointegration tests confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship between CPI, GDP, exchange rate, and the U.S. PPI for the countries studied. However, the post-estimation tests showed that a more comprehensive model may need to be developed. The low coefficients reflect the success of the countries in stabilizing their inflation levels, though implying that exchange rate interventions may be less effective in restoring trade balance.

Exploring The Use Of Exchange Market Pressure And Rmu Deviation Indicator For Early Warning System (Ews) In The Asean+3 Region, Marvin Raymond F. Castell, Lawrence B. Dacuycuy

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Although macroeconomic and financial surveillance mechanisms have been in place both at the global level and at the Asia regional level, the results of the empirical analysis provide some evidence that a regional monetary unit (RMU) can be used to supplement existing surveillance tools for improved crisis detection and prevention. In particular, this study showed that the RMU may be useful as a tool for macroeconomic consultation.

An Excerpt From The Sec Commissioned Report: A Balance Sheet Disclosure Compliance Check Of Ten Publicly-Listed Companies, Ma. Gina T. Manaligod

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study is an excerpt of a SEC-commissioned report. It investigated the extent of compliance of 10 publicly-listed finance companies with regard to the provisions of relevant PFRS/PAS on balance sheet disclosure requirements. This was accomplished by examining the balance sheet and the related note disclosures of the 10 companies. It was found the all 10 companies had deficiencies in their balance sheet disclosures. It can be implied from this study that deficiencies in disclosure requirements stem from the standards themselves. Recommendations for the improvement of disclosure compliance were provided.