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Articles 31 - 60 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Business
Essays In Corporate Cash Holdings, Chenxi Liu
Essays In Corporate Cash Holdings, Chenxi Liu
Dissertations and Theses Collection
This dissertation addresses three topics in corporate cash holdings. The first paper provides a new determinant of cash holdings by examining the impact of earnings transparency on corporate cash holdings. Motivated by Barth et al. (2013), who show that firms with less earnings transparency tend to have higher cost of equity, this paper shows that the cross-section differences in earnings transparency cause variations in firm cash holdings because firms with less earnings transparency have more incentives to hold cash in order to avoid costly external financing. Using data of US firms from 1980 to 2013, it is found that earnings …
Conditional Conservatism And Debt Versus Equity Financing, Beng Wee Goh, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald J. Lobo, Yen H. Tong
Conditional Conservatism And Debt Versus Equity Financing, Beng Wee Goh, Chee Yeow Lim, Gerald J. Lobo, Yen H. Tong
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Extant research suggests that conditional conservatism reduces information asymmetry between a firm and its shareholders as well as its debtholders. However, there is little evidence on whether conditional conservatism reduces information asymmetry differentially for shareholders and debtholders. We use the setting of a firm's choice between equity versus debt when it seeks a significant amount of external financing to examine this research question. We find that when firms raise a significant amount of external financing, the use of equity (versus debt) increases with the level of conservatism. We also find that the reduction in cost of equity associated with conservatism …
News Management Around Equity Private Placements, Hsiao-Chen Liang, Woan-Yuh Jang
News Management Around Equity Private Placements, Hsiao-Chen Liang, Woan-Yuh Jang
The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance
Private placement is the sale of securities to a limited number of qualified institutions or high-wealth investors. Although private placement is favorable for firms raising capital, it is relatively easy for managers to exploit it to benefit specific investors. Using a sample of Taiwanese private placements covering 2006 to 2010, we use both quantitative and qualitative variables to examine the determinants of the valence and tenor of media coverage around private placement announcements and study whether managers strategically perform news management. The results show that issuers will engage in news management around private placement announcements to facilitate the issue process. …
Supply Chain Coordination With Two-Part Tariffs Under Information Asymmetry, Chongqi Wu, Kunpeng Lu, Tianqin Shi
Supply Chain Coordination With Two-Part Tariffs Under Information Asymmetry, Chongqi Wu, Kunpeng Lu, Tianqin Shi
Faculty Publications
Supply chain coordination literature indicates that two-part tariff contracts cannot coordinate a supply chain with a supplier and a retailer under information asymmetry, but can coordinate the channel under full information, while leaving the retailer zero profit. Motivated by the practice of Costco Business Centres, we incorporate customer heterogeneity, near-saturated retail market and asymmetric information into a stylised model. The retailer has the knowledge of customer heterogeneity while the supplier does not. The supplier, on the other hand, designs a menu of two-part tariffs for the retailer to choose from. We have found that two-part tariffs can coordinate the supply …
Corporate Governance And The Shareholder: Asymmetry, Confidence, And Decision-Making, John Buchanan
Corporate Governance And The Shareholder: Asymmetry, Confidence, And Decision-Making, John Buchanan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the decade following the ten-plus percent stockmarket collapse of 2000, regulators enacted a myriad of regulations in response to increasing angst experienced by U.S. capital market retail investors. Systemic asymmetric disclosures have fractured investor confidence prompting many commentators to characterize the relationship between Wall Street and the investment community on main street as dire. Though copious works exist on the phenomenon of corporate behaviors, especially matters of shareholder welfare, weak boards, pervious governance mechanisms, and managerial excess, current literature has revealed a dearth in corporate governance praxis specific to the question and effects of asymmetric disseminations and its principal …
The Impact Of Unions On Information Asymmetry, Caroline Burke
The Impact Of Unions On Information Asymmetry, Caroline Burke
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Prior literature documents a positive association between union power, calculated using industry-level union data, and information asymmetry. Prior literature also finds a mitigating effect from employee ownership on the negative association between union power and voluntary disclosure. Using a sample of company observations for fiscal years 2008 through 2010, I examine the effect of company-specific measures of employee unionization on market-based measures of information asymmetry (proxied for by insider trading activity, analyst following, and analyst dispersion). I also examine whether employee ownership impacts the effect of company-specific measures of employee unionization on my market-based measures of information asymmetry. I find …
Informed Trading And Expected Returns, James J. Choi, Li Jin, Hongjun Yan
Informed Trading And Expected Returns, James J. Choi, Li Jin, Hongjun Yan
Publications – Dreihaus College of Business
Does information asymmetry affect the cross-section of expected stock returns? We explore this question using representative portfolio holdings data from the Shanghai Stock Exchange. We show that institutional investors have a strong information advantage, and that past aggressiveness of institutional trading in a stock positively predicts institutions’ future information advantage in this stock. Sorting stocks on this predictor and controlling for other correlates of expected returns, we find that the top quintile’s average annualized return in the next month is 10.8% higher than the bottom quintile’s, indicating that information asymmetry increases expected returns.
The Effect Of Board Independence On Information Asymmetry, Beng Wee Goh, Jimmy Lee, Jeffrey Ng, Kevin Ow Yong
The Effect Of Board Independence On Information Asymmetry, Beng Wee Goh, Jimmy Lee, Jeffrey Ng, Kevin Ow Yong
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Boards have an important role in ensuring that investors’ interests are protected. Our paper first examines whether the independence of a firm's board affects information asymmetry among investors. We provide evidence that greater board independence leads to lower information asymmetry. Next, we provide evidence that more voluntary disclosure and greater analyst coverage are two underlying mechanisms via which greater board independence reduces information asymmetry. Of the two mechanisms, we find that analyst coverage is more significant in influencing how board independence affects information asymmetry. Overall, our paper contributes to a better understanding of the effect of board independence on information …
Cynicism In Negotiation: When Communication Increases Buyers’ Skepticism, Eyal Ert, Stephanie J. Creary, Max H. Bazerman
Cynicism In Negotiation: When Communication Increases Buyers’ Skepticism, Eyal Ert, Stephanie J. Creary, Max H. Bazerman
Stephanie J. Creary
The economic literature on negotiation shows that strategic concerns can be a barrier to agreement, even when the buyer values the good more than the seller. Yet behavioral research demonstrates that human interaction can overcome these strategic concerns through communication. We show that there is also a downside of this human interaction: cynicism. Across two studies we focus on a seller-buyer interaction in which the buyer has uncertain knowledge about the goods for sale, but has a positive expected payoff from saying “yes” to the available transaction. Study 1 shows that most buyers accept offers made by computers, but that …
The Importance Of Being Dismissive: The Efficiency Role Of Pleading Stage Evaluation Of Shareholder Litigation, Lawrence A. Hamermesh, Michael L. Wachter
The Importance Of Being Dismissive: The Efficiency Role Of Pleading Stage Evaluation Of Shareholder Litigation, Lawrence A. Hamermesh, Michael L. Wachter
All Faculty Scholarship
It has been claimed that the risk/reward dynamics of shareholder litigation have encouraged quick settlements with substantial attorneys’ fee awards but no payment to shareholders, regardless of the merits of the case. Fee-shifting charter and bylaw provisions may be too blunt a tool to control agency costs associated with excessive shareholder litigation, and are in any event now prohibited by Delaware statute. We claim, however, that active judicial supervision of public company shareholder litigation at an early stage reduces the costs of frivolous litigation to shareholders by separating meritorious from unmeritorious litigation before the full costs of discovery are incurred. …
The Determinants And Consequences Of Disclosure Committee Adoption, Lyle Roy Schmardebeck
The Determinants And Consequences Of Disclosure Committee Adoption, Lyle Roy Schmardebeck
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
After the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Securities and Exchange Commission recommended that companies voluntarily adopt disclosure committees to aid in preparing company disclosures. In this paper, I investigate the determinants and consequences of disclosure committee adoption. I find that companies with material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting and less readable 10-K filings are more likely to adopt disclosure committees. In consequences analyses, using a propensity score matched control sample and a difference-in-differences research design, I find that 10-K filings are longer and less readable after disclosure committee adoption. However, consistent with institutional theory, I …
What Is Public Relations To Society? Toward An Economically Informed Understanding Of Public Relations, Jurrien Gregor Halff, Anne Gregory
What Is Public Relations To Society? Toward An Economically Informed Understanding Of Public Relations, Jurrien Gregor Halff, Anne Gregory
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The notion of public relations contributing to the fabric of society is heavily contested in the public sphere and under-researched by the academy. The authors of this paper propose that the study of the relevance of public relations to society can be enlightened by turning to economics. Using information asymmetry as a framework, the argument is that public relations can be analyzed as a social institution that both helps to mitigate market imperfections and consequently increases the efficiency with which society’s resources are allocated as well as the chances for more market participants to derive value out of economic transactions.
What Is Public Relations To Society? Toward An Economically Informed Understanding Of Public Relations, Halff, Gregor, Anne Gregory
What Is Public Relations To Society? Toward An Economically Informed Understanding Of Public Relations, Halff, Gregor, Anne Gregory
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The notion of public relations contributing to the fabric of society is heavily contested in the public sphere and under-researched by the academy. The authors of this paper propose that the study of the relevance of public relations to society can be enlightened by turning to economics. Using information asymmetry as a framework, the argument is that public relations can be analyzed as a social institution that both helps to mitigate market imperfections and consequently increases the efficiency with which society's resources are allocated as well as the chances for more market participants to derive value out of economic transactions. …
What Do Options Have To Do With It?: Inclusion Of Options Market Indicators In Bid-Ask Spread Decomposition, David Michayluk, Laurie Prather, Li-Anne Woo, Henry Yip
What Do Options Have To Do With It?: Inclusion Of Options Market Indicators In Bid-Ask Spread Decomposition, David Michayluk, Laurie Prather, Li-Anne Woo, Henry Yip
Li-Anne Woo
This paper develops a cross-market model to extend Huang and Stoll (1997) by utilizing information from trade flows in the options market. Empirical tests reveal a significant increase in the estimated adverse information component, which stays consistent irrespective of the degree of option leverage. Further, intraday variation in stock bid-ask spread components is affected by the stock trade size and the extent of imbalance in information-based option trades. Including the options market information in decomposition of the stock bid-ask spread enhances the quality of its estimation.
Does Option Trading Convey Stock Price Information?, Jianfeng Hu
Does Option Trading Convey Stock Price Information?, Jianfeng Hu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
After executing option orders, options market makers turn to the stock market to hedge away the underlying stock exposure. As a result, the stock exposure imbalance in option transactions translates into an imbalance in stock transactions. This paper decomposes the total stock order imbalance into an imbalance induced by option transactions and an imbalance independent of options. The analysis shows that the option-induced imbalance significantly predicts future stock returns in the cross section, but the imbalance independent of options only has a transitory price impact. Further investigation suggests that options order flow contains important information about the underlying stock value.
Releasing Information In Xbrl: Does It Improve Information Asymmetry For Early U.S. Adopters?, Marshall A. Geiger, David S. North, Daniel D. Selby
Releasing Information In Xbrl: Does It Improve Information Asymmetry For Early U.S. Adopters?, Marshall A. Geiger, David S. North, Daniel D. Selby
Accounting Faculty Publications
Information released in XBRL is intended to improve the quality and accessibility of SEC filings, leading to less information asymmetry in the equity market. Research findings on the effects of XBRL on information asymmetry in the US., however, are mixed. Kim et al. (2012) reports that XBRL reduces information asymmetry while Blankespoor et al. (2012) reports that XBRL increases information asymmetry. In contrast to these prior studies, we report that the answer as to whether XBRL affects information asymmetry is matter of firm size. In this study we examine shifts in two measures of information asymmetry for early adopters of …
Does Industry-Specific Expertise Improve Board Functioning? Evidence From Forced Bank Ceo Turnovers, Zhongdong Chen
Does Industry-Specific Expertise Improve Board Functioning? Evidence From Forced Bank Ceo Turnovers, Zhongdong Chen
Doctoral Dissertations
This study investigates whether independent directors’ expertise in the industry in which the firm operates improves board functioning. To assess the quality of board functioning, I examine firm performance following a CEO turnover. Using a sample of 173 bank CEO turnovers from 1995 to 2010, I find that the market responds more favorably to forced CEO turnover decisions when they are made by a board with more independent financial industry experts. I document that following a forced bank CEO turnover, improvements in bank performance are positively related to independent financial industry expertise on the board, while bank-risk taking is negatively …
The Liability Of Foreignness In International Equity Investments: Evidence From The U.S. Stock Market, Bok Baik, Jun-Koo Kang, Jin-Mo Kim, Joonho Lee
The Liability Of Foreignness In International Equity Investments: Evidence From The U.S. Stock Market, Bok Baik, Jun-Koo Kang, Jin-Mo Kim, Joonho Lee
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Using foreign institutional ownership data in the US from 1990 to 2007, we examine whether foreign institutional investors face liabilities of foreignness (LOF) in the US stock market. We find that foreign institutional investors prefer low information asymmetry stocks more than domestic institutional investors do, and this preference for low information asymmetry stocks is particularly strong among foreign institutional investors from countries with high LOF. More importantly, we find that a change in foreign institutional ownership is negatively related to future returns, whereas this relation does not exist for domestic institutional ownership. The negative relation between the change in foreign …
Regulation Fd: An Alternative Approach To Addressing Information Asymmetry, Jill E. Fisch
Regulation Fd: An Alternative Approach To Addressing Information Asymmetry, Jill E. Fisch
All Faculty Scholarship
This chapter traces the development of the SEC’s use of Regulation Fair Disclosure (FD) to address information asymmetry in the securities markets. The chapter describes the SEC’s developing enforcement policy and notes, in particular, the SEC’s efforts, through its selection and settlement of Regulation FD cases, to provide guidance to corporations and corporate officials about areas of key concern. The chapter concludes by highlighting current areas of particular importance, including disclosure of information through private meetings and the implications of technological innovations such as the internet and social media. The chapter is forthcoming in Research Handbook on Insider Trading (Stephen …
Impact Of Psychological Factors On Investment Decision Making Mediating By Risk Perception: A Conceptual Study, Lubna Riaz, Ahmed Imran Hunjra, Rauf I. Azam
Impact Of Psychological Factors On Investment Decision Making Mediating By Risk Perception: A Conceptual Study, Lubna Riaz, Ahmed Imran Hunjra, Rauf I. Azam
Ahmed Imran Hunjra (PhD)
Every individual is different from others due to various factors which include demographic factors, age, race and sex, education level, social and economic background; same is the situation with the investors. The most critical challenge faced by them is the investment decision; they act in a rational manner and usually follow their instincts and emotional biases while making investment decisions. The investigation of previous studies reveals the importance of various psychological factors which affect their investment decision. Keeping this in view, a study model has been developed to describe the impact of risk propensity, asymmetric information and problem framing on …
Direct And Mediated Associations Among Earnings Quality, Information Asymmetry And The Cost Of Equity, Nilabhra Bhattacharya, Frank Ecker, Per Olsson, Katherine Schipper
Direct And Mediated Associations Among Earnings Quality, Information Asymmetry And The Cost Of Equity, Nilabhra Bhattacharya, Frank Ecker, Per Olsson, Katherine Schipper
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Using path analysis, we investigate the direct and indirect links between three measures of earnings quality and the cost of equity. Our investigation is motivated by analytical models that specify both a direct link and an indirect link that is mediated by information asymmetry, but do not suggest which link would be more important empirically. We measure information asymmetry as both the adverse selection component of the bid-ask spread and the probability of informed trading (PIN). For a large sample of Value Line firms during 1993–2005, we find statistically reliable evidence of both a direct path from earnings quality to …
What Do Options Have To Do With It?: Inclusion Of Options Market Indicators In Bid-Ask Spread Decomposition, David Michayluk, Laurie Prather, Li-Anne Woo, Henry Yip
What Do Options Have To Do With It?: Inclusion Of Options Market Indicators In Bid-Ask Spread Decomposition, David Michayluk, Laurie Prather, Li-Anne Woo, Henry Yip
Laurie Prather
This paper develops a cross-market model to extend Huang and Stoll (1997) by utilizing information from trade flows in the options market. Empirical tests reveal a significant increase in the estimated adverse information component, which stays consistent irrespective of the degree of option leverage. Further, intraday variation in stock bid-ask spread components is affected by the stock trade size and the extent of imbalance in information-based option trades. Including the options market information in decomposition of the stock bid-ask spread enhances the quality of its estimation.
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Steven D. Dolvin
Previous studies find that firms with prior debt, particularly publicly rated, have lower information asymmetry and experience a lower opportunity cost of going public, as measured by underpricing. Subsequent research suggests that underpricing may be an inaccurate measure of indirect issuance costs. Thus, we replicate and extend existing studies to examine whether previously issued debt reduces the true opportunity cost of issuance. We find that private debt issues have little effect; however, firms with public debt (particularly rated) have both significantly lower levels of underpricing and lower issuance opportunity costs, as well as narrower filing ranges and smaller price revisions, …
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Steven D. Dolvin
Previous studies find that firms with prior debt, particularly publicly rated, have lower information asymmetry and experience a lower opportunity cost of going public, as measured by underpricing. Subsequent research suggests that underpricing may be an inaccurate measure of indirect issuance costs. Thus, we replicate and extend existing studies to examine whether previously issued debt reduces the true opportunity cost of issuance. We find that private debt issues have little effect; however, firms with public debt (particularly rated) have both significantly lower levels of underpricing and lower issuance opportunity costs, as well as narrower filing ranges and smaller price revisions, …
Essays On The Effect Of Financial Institution’S Dual Holdings Of Debt And Equity Securities, Jiun-Lin Chen
Essays On The Effect Of Financial Institution’S Dual Holdings Of Debt And Equity Securities, Jiun-Lin Chen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation analyzes the effects on the stock markets when institutional investors hold their client firms’ stocks. The first essay examines the trading impact around earnings announcements and the second essay studies the effect on stock liquidity. In the first essay, we find that relationship institutions (that have lent/underwritten and hold shares of clients) support their clients when these client firms have negative earnings shocks. Their support not only mitigates the negative abnormal return around earnings announcements but also reduces the post-earnings-announcement-drift, thus, earnings momentum profits. In the second essay, we find that client firms held by relationship institutions suffer …
Film Finance: Teaching/Research, Collaborative Project
Film Finance: Teaching/Research, Collaborative Project
Dyson College- Seidenberg School of CSIS : Collaborative Projects and Presentations
This entry adheres to the use of the quad chart template to provide a succinct description only of the current research project undertaken by the participants. It provides for the following information
1. Participants and Affiliations
2. Overall Project Goals
3. Illustrative picture
4. Specific research/artistic/pedagogic foci
Analyst Coverage And The Cost Of Raising Equity Capital: Evidence From Underpricing Of Seasoned Equity Offerings, Robert M. Bowen, Xia Chen, Qiang Cheng
Analyst Coverage And The Cost Of Raising Equity Capital: Evidence From Underpricing Of Seasoned Equity Offerings, Robert M. Bowen, Xia Chen, Qiang Cheng
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Theorists have long recognized that information asymmetry among investors adversely affects the cost of raising equity capital (e.g., Diamond and Verrecchia 1991). When there is information asymmetry, relatively uninformed investors are reluctant to trade because of higher potential loss from transacting with informed investors (e.g., Glosten and Milgrom 1985; Kyle 1985). To trade, uninformed investors demand compensation for the risks of trading with informed investors (O’Hara 2003). In the case of issuing new equity, firms must issue shares at a discount to overcome the reluctance of uninformed investors. Such discounting leads to smaller proceeds to the firm and a higher …
The Change In Corporate Transparency Of Korean Firms After The Asian Financial Crisis: An Analysis Using Analysts' Forecast Data, Jinho Chang, Young Jun Cho, Hyun-Han Shin
The Change In Corporate Transparency Of Korean Firms After The Asian Financial Crisis: An Analysis Using Analysts' Forecast Data, Jinho Chang, Young Jun Cho, Hyun-Han Shin
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
Using analysts' forecast error and forecast dispersion of firms covered by the I/B/E/S database, this study examines the change in information asymmetry of Korean firms around the financial crisis of 1997. Results show that the information asymmetry of Korean firms is lower after the financial crisis than before, implying that corporate transparency did, in effect, improve with the change in business environment. In addition, this study finds that chaebol firms have higher information asymmetry than non-chaebol firm, and also that the corporate transparency improvement of chaebol firms is not higher than that of non-chaebol firms in the post-crisis period despite …
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Prior Debt And The Cost Of Going Public, Steven D. Dolvin, Merk K. Pyles
Scholarship and Professional Work - Business
Previous studies find that firms with prior debt, particularly publicly rated, have lower information asymmetry and experience a lower opportunity cost of going public, as measured by underpricing. Subsequent research suggests that underpricing may be an inaccurate measure of indirect issuance costs. Thus, we replicate and extend existing studies to examine whether previously issued debt reduces the true opportunity cost of issuance. We find that private debt issues have little effect; however, firms with public debt (particularly rated) have both significantly lower levels of underpricing and lower issuance opportunity costs, as well as narrower filing ranges and smaller price revisions, …
Risky Debt-Maturity Choice Under Information Asymmetry, Chunchi Wu, Sheen Liu
Risky Debt-Maturity Choice Under Information Asymmetry, Chunchi Wu, Sheen Liu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The traditional equilibrium models of signaling with debt-maturity require transaction costs by firms when raising new capital. In this paper, we propose a new model that has no such requirement. We demonstrate that a separating equilibrium of debt-maturity choice exists under a much more general condition, once accounting for the interactions between borrowers and lenders. The model is able to explain the observed complex financial structure. It is found that callable debt functions much like short-term debt, and serial debt similar to long-term debt. In equilibrium, high-quality firms issue short-term debt, and low-quality firms issue long-term debt.