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Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

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Full-Text Articles in Business

Assessing Organizational Innovation Capability And Its Effect On E-Commerce Initiatives, Ann L. Fruhling, Keng Siau Jun 2007

Assessing Organizational Innovation Capability And Its Effect On E-Commerce Initiatives, Ann L. Fruhling, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research uses a qualitative approach to study the innovative capability of two organizations and the effect of innovation on their E-Commerce initiatives, strategies, and outcomes. The Innovation Strategy Model is used in this research to analyze the innovative capability of two organizations. The case study research methodology was selected and two case studies are presented. The research results show that one organization is more innovative than the other in terms of its innovative capability. A post-study follow-up shows that the organization that was high on innovative capability was very successful in their E-Commerce initiative whereas the other organization was …

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Making The ‘Most’ Out Of Rfid Technology: A Research Agenda For The Study Of The Adoption, Use And Impact Of Rfid, John Curtin, Robert J. Kauffman, Frederick J. Riggins Jun 2007

Making The ‘Most’ Out Of Rfid Technology: A Research Agenda For The Study Of The Adoption, Use And Impact Of Rfid, John Curtin, Robert J. Kauffman, Frederick J. Riggins

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology dramatically increases the ability of the organization to acquire a vast array of data about the location and properties of any entity that can be physically tagged and wirelessly scanned within certain technical limitations. RFID can be applied to a variety of tasks, structures, work systems and contexts along the value chain, including business-to-business logistics, internal operations, business-to-consumer marketing, and after-sales service applications. As industry adoption of RFID increases there is an emerging interest by academic researchers to engage in scholarly investigation to understand how RFID relates to mobility, organizational and systems technologies (MOST). In …

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Modeling Architectural Strategy Using Design Structure Networks, C. Jason Woodard May 2007

Modeling Architectural Strategy Using Design Structure Networks, C. Jason Woodard

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

System architects face the formidable task of purposefully shaping an evolving space of complex designs. Their task s further complicated when they lack full control of the design process, and therefore must anticipate the behavior of other stakeholders, including the designers of component products and competing systems. This paper presents a conceptual tool called a design structure network (DSN) to help architects and design scientists reason effectively about these situations. A DSN is a graphical representation of a system’s design space. DSNs improve on existing representation schemes by providing a compact and intuitive way to express design options—the ability to …

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Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March Mar 2007

Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Decisions to invest in information technology (IT) infrastructure are often made based on an assessment of its immediate value to the organization. However, an important source of value comes from the fact that such technologies have the potential to be leveraged in the development of future applications. From a real options perspective, IT infrastructure investments create growth options that can be exercised if and when an organization decides to develop systems to provide new or enhanced IT capabilities. We present an analytical model based on real options that shows the process by which this potential is converted into business value, …

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Logistics Network Design With Supplier Consolidation Hubs And Multiple Shipment Options, Michelle L. F. Cheong, Rohit Bhatnagar, Stephen C. Graves Feb 2007

Logistics Network Design With Supplier Consolidation Hubs And Multiple Shipment Options, Michelle L. F. Cheong, Rohit Bhatnagar, Stephen C. Graves

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An important service provided by third-party logistics (3PL) firms is to manage the inbound logistics of raw materials and components from multiple suppliers to several manufacturing plants. A key challenge for these 3PL firms is to determine how to coordinate and consolidate the transportation flow, so as to get the best overall logistics performance. One tactic is to establish consolidation hubs that collect shipments from several suppliers, consolidate these shipments, and direct the consolidated shipments to the appropriate manufacturing plant. We consider the network design problem to implement this tactic, namely deciding the number, location and operation of consolidation hubs …

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Real-Time Supply Chain Control Via Multi-Agent Adjustable Autonomy, Hoong Chuin Lau, Lucas Agussurja, Ramesh Thangarajoo Jan 2007

Real-Time Supply Chain Control Via Multi-Agent Adjustable Autonomy, Hoong Chuin Lau, Lucas Agussurja, Ramesh Thangarajoo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Real-time supply chain management in a rapidly changing environment requires reactive and dynamic collaboration among participating entities. In this work, we model supply chain as a multi-agent system where agents are subject to an adjustable autonomy. The autonomy of an agent refers to its capability to make and influence decisions within a multi-agent system. Adjustable autonomy means changing the autonomy of the agents during runtime as a response to changes in the environment. In the context of a supply chain, different entities will have different autonomy levels and objective functions as the environment changes, and the goal is to design …

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Value-At-Risk In It Services Contracts, Robert J. Kauffman, Ryan Sougstad Jan 2007

Value-At-Risk In It Services Contracts, Robert J. Kauffman, Ryan Sougstad

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As information systems (IS) and technology solutions become increasingly service-driven, managers are faced with the task of choosing parameters such as service-levels, pricing, and contract duration. Information technology (IT) services vendors manage portfolios of contracts in which parameters, decided at inception, are often subject to future risks. The contract profit maximization decision may adversely affect the risk position of the firm's portfolio of services contracts. We propose a model to inform vendors on setting optimal parameters for IS contracts subject to acceptable levels of risk. The analytic model presented draws from IS economics research and the principles of value-at-risk (VaR) …

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Towards Efficient Computation Of Quality Bounded Solutions In Pomdps: Expected Value Approximation And Dynamic Disjunctive Beliefs, Pradeep Reddy Varakantham, Rajiv Maheswaran, Tapana Gupta, Milind Tambe Jan 2007

Towards Efficient Computation Of Quality Bounded Solutions In Pomdps: Expected Value Approximation And Dynamic Disjunctive Beliefs, Pradeep Reddy Varakantham, Rajiv Maheswaran, Tapana Gupta, Milind Tambe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While POMDPs (partially observable markov decision problems) are a popular computational model with wide-ranging applications, the computational cost for optimal policy generation is prohibitive. Researchers are investigating ever-more efficient algorithms, yet many applications demand such algorithms bound any loss in policy quality when chasing efficiency. To address this challenge, we present two new techniques. The first approximates in the value space to obtain solutions efficiently for a pre-specified error bound. Unlike existing techniques, our technique guarantees the resulting policy will meet this bound. Furthermore, it does not require costly computations to determine the quality loss of the policy. Our second …

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Reputation Stretching In Online Auctions, Jianqing Chen, Mei Lin, Andrew B. Whinston Dec 2006

Reputation Stretching In Online Auctions, Jianqing Chen, Mei Lin, Andrew B. Whinston

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Reputation systems are ubiquitously employed in the online marketplaces to provide information on users’ abilities and trustworthiness. We focus particularly on the problem of reputation stretching, the extension of an established reputation into a new market. By examining various factors—market size, the expected performance in the expanding market, and the risk of performance in the expanding market—we characterize conditions that affect bidder’s stretching decision in the expanding market. Moreover, we analyze both the short-term and the long-term expanding cases, and obtain contrasting results in the two settings.

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Supply Chain Information Sharing In A Macro Prediction Market, Zhiling Guo, Fang Fang, Andrew B. Whinston Dec 2006

Supply Chain Information Sharing In A Macro Prediction Market, Zhiling Guo, Fang Fang, Andrew B. Whinston

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper aims to address supply chain partners' incentives for information sharing from an information systems design perspective. Specifically, we consider a supply chain characterized by N geographically distributed retailers who order a homogeneous product from one manufacturer. Each retailer's demand risk consists of two parts: a systematic risk part that affects all retailers and an idiosyncratic risk part that only has a local effect. We propose a macro prediction market to effectively elicit and aggregate useful information about systematic demand risk. We show that such information can be used to achieve accurate demand forecast sharing and better channel coordination …

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Online Advertising By The Comparison Challenge Approach, Jae Wong Lee, Jae Kyu Lee Dec 2006

Online Advertising By The Comparison Challenge Approach, Jae Wong Lee, Jae Kyu Lee

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

To enhance the effectiveness of online comparisons from a manufacturer's point of view, we develop a framework for the comparison challenge approach. To develop the comparison challenge framework, we analyze 12 factors that determine the characteristics of comparison and propose models of valuable comparison challenges using the CompareMe and CompareThem strategies. We demonstrate the approaches with the example of PC selection. To help plan the comparison challenges, we formulate a mathematical programming model that maximizes the total value of comparison under the constraints of comparison opportunity and budgetary limitation. The model is applied to eight comparison scenarios, and its performance …

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Two-Instant Reallocation In Two-Echelon Spare Parts Inventory Systems, Huawei Song, Hoong Chuin Lau Oct 2006

Two-Instant Reallocation In Two-Echelon Spare Parts Inventory Systems, Huawei Song, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we study the problem of deciding when and how to perform reallocation of existing spare parts in a multi-echelon reparable item inventory system. We present a mathematical model that solves the problem when there are two reallocation instants, in response to the open challenge post by Cao and Silver(2005) to consider two or more possible reallocations within a replenishment cycle.

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Critical Success Factors For Erp Implementation And Upgrade, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Santiago Delgado Oct 2006

Critical Success Factors For Erp Implementation And Upgrade, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Santiago Delgado

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Seven categories of critical success factors were identified from the ERP literature: (1) business plan and vision; (2) change management, (3) communication; (4) ERP team composition, skills and compensation; (5) management support and championship; (6) project management, (7) system analysis, selection and technical implementation. We conducted a case study of two organizations that had implemented and upgraded ERP systems. We adopted Markus and Tanis' four-phase model and compared the importance of these critical success factors across the phases of ERP implementation and upgrade. The importance of these factors across the phases of ERP implementation and upgrade is very similar. 'Business …

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Service Pattern Discovery Of Web Service Mining In Web Service Registry-Repository, Qianhui Althea Liang, Jen-Yao Chung, Steven M. Miller, Yang Ouyang Oct 2006

Service Pattern Discovery Of Web Service Mining In Web Service Registry-Repository, Qianhui Althea Liang, Jen-Yao Chung, Steven M. Miller, Yang Ouyang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents and elaborates the concept of Web service usage patterns and pattern discovery through service mining. We define three different levels of service usage data: i) user request level, ii) template level and iii) instance level. At each level, we investigate patterns of service usage data and the discovery of these patterns. An algorithm for service pattern discovery at the template level is presented. We show the system architecture of a service-mining enabled service registry repository. Web service patterns, pattern discovery and pattern mining supports the discovery and composition of complex services, which in turn supports the application …

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The Boundary Spanner’S Role In Organisational Learning: Unleashing Untapped Potential, Siu Loon Hoe Sep 2006

The Boundary Spanner’S Role In Organisational Learning: Unleashing Untapped Potential, Siu Loon Hoe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

PurposeThe organizational behavior and management literature has devoted a lot attention on processes and technology in organizational learning. There has been little work to examine the role of boundary spanners in organizational learning. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of boundary spanners in enhancing organizational learning.Design/methodology/approachThe existing boundary spanning literature was reviewed and the salient points on their role in organizational learning discussed.Practical implicationsThe paper offers a view on tapping the hidden potential of boundary spanners in organizations in order to enhance the organization's learning capacity form the external environment. Practicing manager would then be able …

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Crossing The Chasm: The Xid Technologies Story, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu, Roberto Mariani Jul 2006

Crossing The Chasm: The Xid Technologies Story, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu, Roberto Mariani

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

XID Technologies is a face processing start up company built initially around a disruptive face recognition technology. The technology innovation came from Kent Ridge Digital Labs, a publicly funded software research laboratory in Singapore. Face recognition is the least intrusive and harmless among the various biometric solutions available in the market. The basic approach to human face recognition is to identify a robust feature set that was unique enough to differentiate amongst the many millions of human faces that the system was required to verify. The technology innovation used by XID framed the problem differently and thereby overcame the challenges …

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Can Online Reviews Reveal A Product's True Quality? Empirical Findings Analytical Modeling Of Online Word-Of-Mouth Communication, Nan Hu, Paul Pavlou, Jennifer Zhang Jun 2006

Can Online Reviews Reveal A Product's True Quality? Empirical Findings Analytical Modeling Of Online Word-Of-Mouth Communication, Nan Hu, Paul Pavlou, Jennifer Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As a digital version of word-of-mouth, online review has become a major information source for consumers and has very important implications for a wide range of management activities. While some researchers focus their studies on the impact of online product review on sales, an important assumption remains unexamined, that is, can online product review reveal the true quality of the product? To test the validity of this key assumption, this paper first empirically tests the underlying distribution of online reviews with data from Amazon. The results show that 53% of the products have a bimodal and non-normal distribution. For these …

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Winning Back The Cup For Distributed Pomdps: Planning Over Continuous Belief Spaces, Pradeep Varakantham, Ranjit Nair, Milind Tambe, Makoto Yokoo May 2006

Winning Back The Cup For Distributed Pomdps: Planning Over Continuous Belief Spaces, Pradeep Varakantham, Ranjit Nair, Milind Tambe, Makoto Yokoo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Distributed Partially Observable Markov Decision Problems (Distributed POMDPs) are evolving as a popular approach for modeling multiagent systems, and many different algorithms have been proposed to obtain locally or globally optimal policies. Unfortunately, most of these algorithms have either been explicitly designed or experimentally evaluated assuming knowledge of a starting belief point, an assumption that often does not hold in complex, uncertain domains. Instead, in such domains, it is important for agents to explicitly plan over continuous belief spaces. This paper provides a novel algorithm to explicitly compute finite horizon policies over continuous belief spaces, without restricting the space of …

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Enterprise Agility And The Enabling Role Of Information Technology, Eric Overby, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, V. Sambamurthy Apr 2006

Enterprise Agility And The Enabling Role Of Information Technology, Eric Overby, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, V. Sambamurthy

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In turbulent environments, enterprise agility, that is, the ability of firms to sense environmental change and respond readily, is an important determinant of firm success. We define and deconstruct enterprise agility, delineate enterprise agility from similar concepts in the business research literature, explore the underlying capabilities that support enterprise agility, explicate the enabling role of information technology (IT) and digital options, and propose a method for measuring enterprise agility. The concepts in this paper are offered as foundational building blocks for the overall research program on enterprise agility and the enabling role of IT.

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Experimental And Empirical Perspectives On Grid Resource Allocation For The Singapore Market, Danny Oh, Steven Miller, Nan Hu Apr 2006

Experimental And Empirical Perspectives On Grid Resource Allocation For The Singapore Market, Danny Oh, Steven Miller, Nan Hu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we describe our work on using the Tycoon system developed by HP Labs to provide a market-based resource allocation and bidding framework for a grid. We discuss how we intend to evaluate the feasibility of the Tycoon system by measuring its economic performance using agent-based simulation experiments for a particular type of grid usage scenario, namely, the digital media market scenario. We will also discuss a related effort in collecting and using real grid data from the National Grid Pilot Platform in Singapore and how we will be using real data collected to derive actual usage patterns …

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Tacit Knowledge, Nonaka And Takeuchi Seci Model And Informal Knowledge Processes, Siu Loon Hoe Mar 2006

Tacit Knowledge, Nonaka And Takeuchi Seci Model And Informal Knowledge Processes, Siu Loon Hoe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The organizational behavior and knowledge management literature has devoted a lot attention on how structural knowledge processes enhance learning. There has been little emphasis on the informal knowledge processes and the construct remains undefined. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of informal knowledge processes, propose a definition for these processes and link them to the socialization and internalization processes suggested by Nonaka and Takeuchi in the SECI model. The paper offers a fresh perspective on how informal knowledge processes in organizations help to enhance the organization’s learning capability. It will enable scholars and managers to have …

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Multiagent Teamwork: Hybrid Approaches, Praveen Paruchuri, Emma Bowring, Ranjit Nair, Jonathan Pearce, Nathan Schurr, Milind Tambe, Pradeep Varakantham Jan 2006

Multiagent Teamwork: Hybrid Approaches, Praveen Paruchuri, Emma Bowring, Ranjit Nair, Jonathan Pearce, Nathan Schurr, Milind Tambe, Pradeep Varakantham

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Today within the multiagent community, we see at least four competing methods to building multiagent systems: beliefdesireintention (BDI), distributed constraint optimization (DCOP), distributed POMDPs, and auctions or game-theoretic methods. While there is exciting progress within each approach, there is a lack of cross-cutting research. This article highlights the various hybrid techniques for multiagent teamwork developed by the teamcore group. In particular, for the past decade, the TEAMCORE research group has focused on building agent teams in complex, dynamic domains. While our early work was inspired by BDI, we will present an overview of recent research that uses DCOPs and distributed …

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The Impact Of Financial Market And Resale Market On Firm Strategies, Zhiling Guo, Andrew B. Whinston Jan 2006

The Impact Of Financial Market And Resale Market On Firm Strategies, Zhiling Guo, Andrew B. Whinston

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The ever-increasing use of information technology (IT) in business transactions greatly expands firms? exposure to different electronic markets. This paper provides a framework to understand how firms can leverage different strategies across external financial markets and an internal resale market to improve overall profitability. We develop a model in which a group of risk-averse retailers sell a homogeneous product to their respective uncertain consumer markets. We study a scenario where an internal resale market can be constructed among the retailers and outside financial markets can be used to improve their ability to manage uncertainty. We identify strategies for retailers operating …

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Managerial Assessments Of E-Business Investment Opportunities: A Field Study, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, Amrit Tiwana Oct 2005

Managerial Assessments Of E-Business Investment Opportunities: A Field Study, Anandhi S. Bharadwaj, Amrit Tiwana

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Managers charged with assessing investment opportunities for information technologies such as e-business projects face considerable uncertainty in their decision-making processes. Contemporary theories of the firm and the normative prescriptions thereof emphasize the potential for such investments to augment firm-level knowledge and relational capabilities. However, prior research has not examined the relative emphases that managers place on the knowledge and relational capability-augmenting characteristics of the e-business investments. In this paper, we develop a model to assess whether managerial evaluations of e-business investment opportunities are consistent with these normative and theoretical prescriptions. A test of the model using survey data on 485 …

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Towards Semantic Service Request Of Web Service Composition, Qianhui Althea Liang, Jen-Yao Chung, Steven M. Miller Oct 2005

Towards Semantic Service Request Of Web Service Composition, Qianhui Althea Liang, Jen-Yao Chung, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

When meeting the challenges in automatic and semi-automatic Web service composition, capturing the user's service demand and preferences is as important as knowing what the services can do. This paper discusses the idea of semantic service requests for composite services, and presents a way to model the elements of a composite service request as user preferences and constraints. The model is based on an interactive and iterative strategy meant to obtain the exact requirements from potential service consumers. The markup vocabularies and associated inference mechanism of OWL-S are used as a means to bring semantics to service requests. Language constructs …

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Information Search Patterns In E-Commerce Product Comparison Services, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Hong-Hee Lee, Liqiang Chen Aug 2005

Information Search Patterns In E-Commerce Product Comparison Services, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Hong-Hee Lee, Liqiang Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The presentation of product information is very important in e-commerce websites. In this research, we study how disposition styles can influence users‟ search patterns in product comparison services of e-commerce websites. Our results show that people are inclined to use feature information paths in vertical disposition style and product information paths in horizontal disposition style. The results also indicate that there are more feature paths than product paths in the earlier stage of product comparison, and more product paths than feature paths in the latter stage of product comparison. Based on Gensch‟s two-stage choice model and the results of our …

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Privacy Issues In The Era Of Ubiquitous Commerce, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Aug 2005

Privacy Issues In The Era Of Ubiquitous Commerce, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The vision of ubiquitous commerce (u‐commerce) is realized through the convergence of electronic, mobile, television, voice and silent commerce applications. The ubiquity, universality, uniqueness and unison of u‐commerce will provide two principal benefits for individual users and businesses: increased convenience as well as more personalized and customized services. However, u‐commerce will also bring emerging issues such as a greater degree of privacy concerns that will impact individual users, companies and society at large. This paper proposes and elaborates on a conceptual framework for privacy in the u‐commerce era. This framework is developed based on Lessig's macro‐level perspective and Adams' micro‐level …

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Privacy Issues In The Era Of Ubiquitous Commerce, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Aug 2005

Privacy Issues In The Era Of Ubiquitous Commerce, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The vision of ubiquitous commerce (u-commerce) is realized through the convergence of electronic, mobile, television, voice and silent commerce applications. The ubiquity, universality, uniqueness, and unison of u-commerce will provide two principal benefits for individual users and companies: increased convenience as well as more personalized and customized services. However, u-commerce will also bring new issues such as a greater degree of privacy concerns that will impact individual users, companies, and the society at large. This paper proposes and elaborates on a conceptual framework for privacy in the u-commerce era. It combines Lessig’s macro-level perspective – the four-factor model of privacy …

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Evaluation Of Time-Varying Availability In Multi-Echelon Inventory System With Combat Damage, Hoong Chuin Lau, Huawei Song Aug 2005

Evaluation Of Time-Varying Availability In Multi-Echelon Inventory System With Combat Damage, Hoong Chuin Lau, Huawei Song

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The models for multi-echelon inventory systems in existing literatures predominantly address failures due to reliability in peacetime. In wartime or even peacetime operational scenarios, unexpected combat damage can cause a large number of systems to be heavily damaged, to the extent that they become irreparable. In this paper, we study a multi-echelon spare parts support system under combat damage, discuss the replenishment policy and propose an approximate method to evaluate the time-varying system performance operational availability considering the effect of passivation. Experiments show our model works well and efficiently against simulation.

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End-Users’ Acceptance Of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems: An Investigation Using Grounded Theory Approach, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Xin Tan, Monica Beethe Aug 2005

End-Users’ Acceptance Of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems: An Investigation Using Grounded Theory Approach, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Xin Tan, Monica Beethe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The success of ERP implementation depends, to a large extent, on the intensity and nature of its use by end-users. Therefore, it is important to understand the phenomena underlying end-users’ acceptance of ERP systems. This study was conducted at a large institution that implemented an ERP system. It uses the grounded theory approach to inductively develop a model that highlights key factors influencing end-users’ acceptance of ERP systems.

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