Business Commons^™

Sino-Us Trade War, Erin Torgersen

Senior Honors Projects

China and the United States are unquestionably the two wealthiest economies in the world. These two countries alone account for almost half of the world’s wealth. As these nations battle to become the world's most powerful economy, it is no surprise high tensions have developed to complicate their relationship. China’s economy has been rapidly growing, especially in the last two decades as China is making its way towards the top of the list of strongest economies through its abundance of exports and manufacturing. Alternatively, as the U.S.’s economy has slowly decreased in the last few years, the gap between the …

Analysis Of Accounting: A Series Of Case Studies Examining Relevant Topics And Concepts, Jermaine Barnes Jr

Honors Theses

This thesis is a compilation of various case studies addressing relevant issues and concepts within the field of accounting. It is composed of twelve cases designed to address and analyze numerous topics that are currently relevant to the field of accounting and my future career within this field. The information presented herein addresses a wide range of necessary skills and knowledge applicable to this field, and this information was gathered through analysis and documentation of a multitude of topics, such as the Financial Crisis of 2008, the first presidential debate of the 2020 election, the various demographical trends of cities …

Labor Market Institutions And The Incidence Of Payroll Taxation, Jinyoung Kim, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

Despite the unambiguous predictions of the canonical model of a competitive labor market, empirical studies of the labor market effects of payroll taxation provide conflicting evidence. We estimate the labor market impacts of payroll taxation in Singapore, the country with the most competitive and flexible labor market among the countries investigated in the literature. By exploiting the sharp reduction in payroll tax rate when workers turn 60, we find that the reduced payroll tax rate in Singapore has a large effect on wages without changes in employment. Our meta-analysis shows consistent evidence that varying degrees of labor market competitiveness across …

2017 Tax Cuts And Jobs Act And Its Effect On Vertical Equity For Homeowners, Melanie Auclair

Honors Projects in Accounting

Data from the Internal Revenue Service's Statistics of Income (SOI) was analyzed to compare the tax subsidy for homeowners from filing year 2018 (for calendar year 2017) and filing year 2019 (for calendar year 2018). Homeowner tax benefits were calculated with an extensive analysis to understand how the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act changes affected homeowner tax benefits on a vertical equity basis. Prior research has shown homeowner tax benefits are regressive in nature. The primary research question in this study is whether TCJA increased or decreased regressivity of homeowner tax benefits. The results of this study have shown that …

Mobile Sports Gambling In South Carolina, Drew Pechulonis

Senior Theses

After the U.S. Supreme Court deemed the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA), sports betting has expanded across the country at a rapid pace. As the sports gambling industry continues to grow, states that have not passed legislation are left wondering whether legalization would benefit their constituents.

The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility and consequences of legalizing mobile sports gambling in the state of South Carolina. This study can inform state leaders on how to implement mobile sports gambling in the state as well as the positive and negative repercussions that would follow legislation. As …

The Online Ordering Behaviors Among Participants In The Oklahoma Women, Infants, And Children Program: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Qi Zhang, Kayoung Park, Junzhou Zhang, Chuanyi Tang

Department of Marketing Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a nutrition assistance program in the United States (U.S.). Participants in the program redeem their prescribed food benefits in WIC-authorized grocery stores. Online ordering is an innovative method being pilot-tested in some stores to facilitate WIC participants’ food benefit redemption, which has become especially important in the COVID-19 pandemic. The present research aimed to examine the online ordering (OO) behaviors among 726 WIC households who adopted WIC OO in a grocery chain, XYZ (anonymous) store, in Oklahoma (OK). These households represented approximately 5% of WIC households who redeemed …

Analysis Of Regional Tax Potential Of Pamekasan Regency, Damas Dwi Anggoro, Indriani Indriani, Wilopo Wilopo

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

Fiscal decentralization is a critical element in the implementation of regional autonomy where the central government gives authority to local governments to manage their finances independently. Pamekasan regency is one of the region that has succeeded in increasing the ratio of local own-source revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah/PAD) by rising the potential of its regional tax sector. However, several problems arising may cause inaccuracies in collecting local tax revenues. This study aims to analyze the potential loss of local taxes in Pamekasan regency. A qualitative approach sourced from primary data (interviews or filling the questionnaires) and secondary data (obtained and recorded …

Managing Value Added Tax Issues In Indonesian Business Entities Post-Ifrs 15 Adoption, Prianto Budi Saptono, Ismail Khozen

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

This study analyzes challenges related to value-added tax (VAT) transactions in Indonesia following the convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards 15 (IFRS 15) into Statements of Financial Accounting Standards 72 (SFAS or "PSAK" 72). This study took a qualitative method, combining document abstraction from the literature with in-depth interviews with key informants selected purposively. This study provides an overview of the characteristics of transfer of control under PSAK 72 and the time of supply under the VAT Law. It is unavoidable that the two approaches go different paths. This study suggests that businesses in Indonesia revise the contract terms with …

The Urgency Of Sugar Sweetened Beverages Excise Policy: A Literature Study For Implementation In Indonesia, Mohamad Luhur Hambali

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

Diabetes diseases should become an alert for all people around the world, including Indonesia. Being one of the ten diseases that are classified as dangerous diseases, diabetes is estimated to infect 700 million people by 2045. Strategic steps must be taken by the Indonesian government, one of them is through the implementation of fiscal policy on the collection of Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSB) Excise. Using secondary sources data through literature review by looking for information about countries that have implemented the SSB Excise, this paper goals are to analyze the urgency of implementing a SSB Excise that can be applied …

Equality Offshore, Martin W. Sybblis

Faculty Articles

Global governance architecture, crafted by wealthy nations, has perpetuated the subordination of developing jurisdictions. The Article offers a novel and surprising analysis of governance tools used by wealthy countries and inter-governmental organizations to constrain offshore financial centers (OFCs) by focusing on the tools’ disparate impacts on tax havens whose populations comprise predominantly Black and Brown people. With tax haven issues garnering increasing attention, this Article provides a pathbreaking conceptual framework for examining the international tax, crime, and business discourse on OFCs. It also illuminates how the actions of powerful international actors, such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development …

Corporate Taxes And Union Wages In The United States, Alison R. Felix, James R. Hines Jr.

Articles

This paper evaluates the effect of U.S. state corporate income taxes on union wage premiums. American workers who belong to unions are paid more than their non-union counterparts, and this difference is greater in low-tax locations, possibly reflecting that unions and employers share tax savings associated with low tax rates. In 2000 the difference between average union and non-union hourly wages was $1.88 greater in states with corporate tax rates below four percent than in states with tax rates of nine percent and above. Controlling for observable worker characteristics, a one percent lower state tax rate was associated with a …

A Rawlsian Critique Of The Political Speech Constraints On Charities, Johnny Rex Buckles

FIU Law Review

This Essay analyzes whether the Rawlsian concept of public reason explains the substantive content of the lobbying limitation and the campaigning ban, and, more broadly, the implications of public reason for tax-exempt charities and their political speech. The question is notwhether public reasons—distinct premises and conclusions forming an argument—justify these provisions of law, but whether the political activity limitations of IRC § 501(c)(3) are properly understood to manifest or implement the ideal of public reason itself. Additionally, if these statutory constraints do not embody the ideal of public reason, do they offend it?

Evaluation Of Vat Collection On Trading Through Electronic System, Gilang Kusumabangsa

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research aims to evaluate the Value-added Tax (VAT) collection on trading through the electronic system (TTES) from the TTES VAT Collector’s perception, based on "The Four Maxims" tax collection principle. This research uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data was collected using interview techniques with eight respondents from TTES VAT Collectors. The results showed that TTES VAT collection in Indonesia has fulfilled the equality, convenience and efficiency principles based on "The Four Maxims". However, the collection of TTES VAT in Indonesia has failed to meet the criterion of certainty, owing to uncertainties in the definition, …

The Effect Of Personal And Situational Factors On The Intention Of Whistleblowing With Moderated Legal Protection, Daisar Rahman, Nur Hayati

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research is to determine the effectiveness of legal protection in strengthening the relationship between attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, the seriousness of wrongdoing, status of the wrongdoer, and reward with whistleblowing intentions. The population in this research was civil servants who were Regional Inspectors in all regencies in Madura. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling consisting of 104 civil servants who had functional positions as auditors, staffing auditors, or supervisors of regional government (P2UPD). Data was collected by distributing questionnaires directly to the respondents. The data analysis technique used in this study was …

Value Relevance Of Sustainability Report: Evidence From Indonesia, I Dewa Made Endiana, Ni Nyoman Ayu Suryandari

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This present study aimed at providing empirical evidence of whether sustainability report has value relevance for investors in buying or selling shares and affects firm value. This study used two research models. The first research model was used to examine the effect of book value and earnings on firm value. The second research model was used to examine the effect of sustainability report on firm value and define the value relevance of sustainability report. The samples of this study were 306 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020. As a result, this study found that sustainability report is …

Is Mandatory Sustainability Report Still Beneficial?, Astrid Rudyanto

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The latest regulations in Indonesia (SEOJK No 16/SEOJK.04/2021) have required public companies to make a sustainability report every year in order to increase sustainable in­vestment. Prior to this regulation, several public companies had made sustainability reports and received benefits of sustainability report. This makes issuers ask whether after being obligated, public companies still get the benefits that have been obtained from voluntary sustainability reports and under what conditions the mandatory sustainability reports are beneficial for public companies. This study answers the public companies' doubts by con­ducting a systematic literature review on research on mandatory and voluntary sustainability reports in Q1 …

The Effect Of Ceo Characteristics On Pre-Earnings Management Profitability, Adhitya Agri Putra

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research aims to examine the effect of CEO characteristics on pre-earnings manage­ment profitability. CEO characteristics include gender, tenure, age, education level, founding-family status, and nationality. Pre-earnings management profitability is measured by return on assets minus discretionary accruals. Data analysis uses firm and year fixed-effect regression analysis. The result shows that female CEO, longer tenure CEO, CEO with higher education levels, and foreign CEO increase firms' profitability without engaging in earnings management. On the other hand, there is no effect of CEO age and founding-family status on pre-earnings management profitability. This research contributes to filling the gap of inconsistent previous …

Vat Treatment Of The Financial Services: Implications For The Real Economy, Ismail Baydur, Fatih Yilmaz

Research Collection School Of Economics

Financial institutions are exempt from the value-added tax (VAT) in most countries. We develop a general equilibrium model with endogenous firm entry and a banking sector to accommodate three key distortions related to exempt treatment: (i) self-supply bias in the banking sector, (ii) under-taxation of payment services, and (iii) input distortions in the business sector and tax cascading. We calibrate our model to the average of Germany, France, and the UK data. Our results show that repealing exempt treatment always increases tax revenues. However, welfare gains occur only at low VAT rates due to the hump-shaped VAT Laffer curve.

Small Fishes, Sharp Hooks: Obstacles To Economic Freedom Affecting Micro Small, And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) In Southeast Asian Countries, Blaise Kent Calpito, Jocef Fernand Ocampo, Chyna Tomas, Mary June Valenzuela, Rens Adrian T. Calub, Mitzie Irene P. Conchada, Arlene B. Inocencio, Alellie B. Sobreviñas, Marites Tiongco

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

Obstacles to economic freedom such as trade obstacles, finance obstacles, taxes, and corruption affect the ability of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to maximize firm performance. This policy brief is based on the observations made regarding the relationship of these obstacles to economic freedom in Southeast Asian countries Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia. This will take into account the recent economic environment of each country.

An Evaluation Of Churchill Downs’ Tax Increment Financing District, Thomas E. Lambert

Faculty Scholarship

Tax increment financing districts (TIFs) have become important local government tools in the USA over the last several decades as ways to help bring public and/or private investment dollars into inner city areas and/or older neighbourhoods which are deemed to need revitalisation. Within the last ten years, the concept has become popular in Canada, and it has been used as a component piece of enterprise zone programmes in other nations.

This paper evaluates one of the first Kentucky USA TIFs started approximately 20 years ago with a pre-eminent Kentucky horse racing track, Churchill Downs, as the target for investment spending. …

Making Money From Cryptocurrency? The Taxman May Call On You, Hern Kuan Liu, Vincent Ooi

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Miners, forgers, hobbyists, traders – different rules apply. Just don’t assume crypto investment is somehow immune to taxation.

Wayfair Sales Tax Nexus: An Illustrative Case Study Of Data Analytics And Data Visualization In An Introductory Tax Course, David Horn, Jacob Enger

The North American Accounting Studies

Data analytics and data visualization technologies are changing the skills needed for future tax accountants. Higher education accrediting bodies have recognized the need for incorporating data analytics and emerging technologies into the curriculum of business schools and accounting programs to meet these changing needs. This paper presents a case study developed to accommodate the need for accounting faculty to incorporate data analytics and data visualization technology into an undergraduate tax course. The case study focuses on the impact of the sales tax economic nexus standards established by the U.S. Supreme Court in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. Students must …

Evaluation Study Of The Implementation Of Flexible Working Arrangement In Public Sector Organization During Covid-19 Pandemic, Krismiyati Tasrin, Agus Wahyuadianto, Pratiwi Pratiwi, Masrully Masrully

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

The studies of Flexible Working Arrangement (FWA) have increased significantly in 2020. However, most studies are focused on the benefits and risks of FWA in general or particular jobs. The model of FWA implementation in different characteristics of jobs to improve performances are still insufficiently researched. Using a case study with qualitative and quasi-statistic data, this study investigates the Indonesian public sector in implementing FWA policy. Investigating Indonesia allows the researchers to describe how FWA in a mandated leading training institute promotes performances in different types of jobs. This study finds that each department endured unique circumstances. The Research Department …

Miracle 14: Transparency In Indonesia’S State-Owned Enterprises, Muhammad Yasin, Harsanto Nursadi

BISNIS & BIROKRASI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi dan Organisasi

In administrative science and administrative law, public information disclosure has universally recognized as important partway to good governance. There is an explosive recognition of the world to freedom of information act. Freedom of information or right to information is a inseparable part of transparency principle in governance. Enacting freedom of information act is an effort not only to make government better, but also to create trust among government, the business, and citizens. Indonesia has enacted Act Number 14/2008 (FOI Act) and run into force in 2010, which contains 14 obligations to State-Owned Enterprises (SOE’s). This paper will focus to elaborate …

The State Of Ohio’S Auditors, The Enumeration Of Population And The Project Of Eugenics, Moe Faroukh

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

This research focuses on how state auditors and superintendents in the State of Ohio participated in the Enumeration process between 1800 and the late 1900s. It focuses around the unexpected nature of auditors carrying out this work. Normally, auditors would review financial statements not count people in such questionable circumstances. The project is essentially trying to piece together from fragmentary historical documents to understand as much as possible why and how these activities were carried out and the role of auditor’s in these processes.

Effects Of Management And Media Disclosures Of Corporate Tax Evasion On Investor Judgments, Ming Wei Gabriel Chua

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

This study examines investor reactions to disclosures of corporate tax evasion by company management and the media. We were particularly interested in the issue of whether investors value corporate tax compliance from a moral perspective. We conducted an experiment in which we manipulate management disclosure strategies (no disclosure, symbolic disclosure, substantive disclosure) and the presence/absence of media disclosures in a 3 x 2 between-subjects design. Participants provided judgments of a hypothetical company’s short-term and long-term financial prospects and their willingness to maintain their investment in the company.

Media disclosure of tax evasion had a significant effect on all judgments. In …

Effects Of A Tax Reform In The Dominican Republic (Dr) During A Pandemic, Sofia Moquete

English Language Institute

The COVID-19 pandemic and the change of government produced negative effects in the DR. However the possibility of a tax reform during these times triggers future economic and social instability.

How Did The Youth’S Demand For Cigarette Products Respond To The Sin Tax Reform Act Of 2012?, Francis Ignatius L. Nieva

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

The excise tax on tobacco products in the Philippines has been historically low making the product very accessible even for the youth. In 2012, a Sin Tax Reform Law was passed which increased the excise tax on tobacco products by almost five times its previous value. This price increase is projected to reduce alchohol and tobacco products consumption for all demographic classifications, especially the youth. This study estimated the price elasticity of cigarette demand of the Filipino youth using regression analyses on the pooled Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted in the Philippines for the years 2004 and 2015. Price elasticity …

The Influence Of The Ceo Popularity On Performance Of Banking Companies At The Earlier Stages Of Covid-19, Dian Kusuma Wardhani, Wiwik Supratiwi

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of CEO popularity on banking performance at the earlier stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The CEO popularity significantly improve based on their achievements in the public mass media. The study sample consisted of 108 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in Q1 - Q3 2020. Panel data regression with a common influence model approach was used for analysis, while the company performance was measured using Tobin's Q. The result showed that CEO popularity in the banking sector positively affects company performance. Therefore, hiring popular CEO helps …

The Impact Of Key Audit Matters Disclosure On Communicative Value Of The Auditor’S Report: A Systematic Literature Review, Budhi Setiya Yoga, Agung Dinarjito

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research aims to discuss whether the disclosure of key audit matters (KAM) increases the communicative value of the auditor’s report. It also examines factors that need to be considered related to KAM disclosure. It is carried out in connection with the issuance of the Exposure Draft of Indonesia Audit Standard (AS) 701 on ”Pengomunikasian Hal Audit Utama dalam Laporan Auditor Independen” which was adopted from the International Standard on Auditing 701. In Indonesia, no research was found yet related to this topic. By conducting a systematic literature review of the latest articles from 2012 to 2021, this study found …