Business Commons^™

U.S. Response To Terrorism: A Strategic Analysis Of The Afghanistan Campaign, Valentina Taddeo

Journal of Strategic Security

This article examines the U.S. response to global terrorism and its campaign in Afghanistan from 2001 to today. The aim of this article is first to understand the fallacies, missteps, and misunderstandings of the U.S. approach in Afghanistan. Second, the analysis evaluates the lessons learnt and some possible strategies for achieving long-term stability and security in Afghanistan. In particular, the analysis focuses on the different strategies adopted by the United States and their achievements. Despite a first victory over the Taliban regime, the initial approach was focused on the enemy only and it lacked long-term planning, paving the way to …

Determining The Relationship And Influence Organizational Culture Has On Organizational Trust, Mindy S. Genetzky-Haugen

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The present research examines the influence of organizational culture on organizational trust. Leaders in the present and future will try to create a culture of trust, but leaders who do not examine and understand their current culture will not be successful in changing their organizational culture. The study shows constructive behavioral norms are both predictors and influencers of trust. The results suggest that companies that want to create a culture of trust need to instill into their culture achievement, self-actualizing, humanistic-encouraging and affiliative behavioral norms. Leadership needs to make sure avoidance behaviors are reduced in order to create and instill …

North Korea And Support To Terrorism: An Evolving History, Bruce E. Bechtol, Jr.

Journal of Strategic Security

The DPRK's (Democratic People's Republic of Korea or North Korea) support for terrorism began as an ideologically-based policy financed by the Soviet Union that eventually led to a policy designed to put money into the coffers of the elite in Pyongyang—in short, a "proliferation for hire" policy. This article articulates a brief history of the North Korean regime, the rise to power of Kim Il-sung and his son, Kim Jong-il, and North Korea's persistent support to terrorist groups around the globe.

An Examination Of Integrated Rural Tourism Development In The Goris Region Of Armenia, Luke Alan Petersen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rural tourism is a popular development tool in both developed and developing countries. However, rural economic development can be problematic when considering the diversity of resources and stakeholder groups. In the Republic of Armenia the current system of tourism development is not benefiting rural communities in the regions. This study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of community dynamics in the rural region of Goris through the study of tourism integration. A novel assessment tool is implemented which provides a systematic qualitative evaluation of stakeholder perceptions through which strengths and weaknesses of the local tourism sector are derived. Data extracted …

The Multiple Faces Of Effective Grand Strategy, Bryan N. Groves

Journal of Strategic Security

Effective national leaders throughout history have deliberately developed grand strategies and successfully implemented them to attain their political goals, while also integrating and accomplishing economic, social, defense, and sometimes religious objectives. Not all leaders have been successful, however, as this process is immensely complex and can be adversely affected by the actions of other leaders around their region and the world. It bears examination, then, to determine what factors contribute to successful grand strategies and why many leaders fail to reach their stated ends. This article utilizes a historic case study approach and explores three key areas of grand strategy: …

Indian Involvement In Afghanistan In The Context Of The South Asian Security System, Melanie Hanif

Journal of Strategic Security

This article focuses on the regional requirements for a pacification of Afghanistan. For this purpose, Afghanistan is analytically "reframed" as part of South Asia. The hypothesis is that India is the only regional actor that might possess both the incentives and the capabilities to deal with the negative security externalities emanating from Afghanistan.In South Asia, material characteristics such as the delineation of the region and its power polarity are unclear. India's role within the region is even more controversial. By examining India's role within its security environment, this paper will suggest how this lack of clarity could be remedied. In …

Ballistic Missile Defense: New Plans, Old Challenges, Elizabeth Zolotukhina

Journal of Strategic Security

On September 17, 2009—the 70th anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939 that marked the beginning of World War II—the Obama Administration announced its intention to shelve plans for the U.S. Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) that had been developed under former President George W. Bush. Pointing to a new intelligence assessment, President Obama argued that his predecessor's plan to deploy an X-band radar station outside of Prague, Czech Republic, and 10 two-stage interceptor missiles in Poland would not adequately protect America and its European allies from the Iranian threat and reiterated his opposition to utilizing unproven technology in …

Small To Mid-Size Sporting Events: Are We Prepared To Recover From An Attack?, Brian M. Harrell, Konrad Crockford, Pierre Boisrond, Sarah Tharp-Hernandez, Suzanne Parker

Journal of Strategic Security

This article describes a fictional deadly attack by a lone-wolf terrorist during a high school football event in a small town, here in the United States. The authors begin by describing an attack and then focus on the response from the medical community, city, county, state, and federal government officials. Next, the authors make several recommendations on what actions are needed to develop an effective plan to combat terrorist activities during a small- to mid-size sports event. Among the actions needed, the authors focus on the following: response planning, emergency action plan, incident command, policies and procedures, and security staff …

The Weakest Link: The Risks Associated With Social Networking Websites, Yosef Lehrman

Journal of Strategic Security

The relatively rapid rise in popularity of social networking services is now well known. MySpace, Twitter, and Facebook have become well known sites and terms. According to the Web traffic tracking site Alexa.com, as of December 2009, Facebook had 350 million registered users, MySpace just under 475 million, and Twitter 44.5 million. Many people think very little of posting prodigious amounts of personal information on social networking sites, not realizing that this information puts them at risk. Specifically, those in the law enforcement and military communities may not realize that information posted on these sites can compromise operational security and …

Book Reviews, Edward J. Hagerty, Daniel Masters, Mark J. Roberts, Leland Ericson

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

2010 May, Office Of Communications & Marketing, Morehead State University.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for May of 2010.

Measuring Spillover Effects Of Residential Amenity Improvement Using Spatial Hedonic Approach, Shruti Tandon

Graduate Research Symposium (2010 - 2017)

Spillover externalities can be explained as influences of the prices of neighboring properties on the price of a given one. Suppose there is a price change or changes in the amenity levels in a neighborhood. The effect of this change would be experienced by properties in a close proximity and the prices of the properties in close proximity might help explain the price of the property of interest. In the context of welfare valuation, this feature of spatial price interdependence or spillover effects has only recently received attention. Spatial lag models are one of the many spatial econometric methods used …

Constructing And Disrupting Ireland's Industrial Development Authority, Paul Donnelly

Articles

Actor-network theory is considered to have great potential for broadening and deepening our grasp of institutional work (LAWRENCE; SUDDABY, 2006). Given its focus on process, ANT offers a means to breathe life into the practices associated with institutionalization. With Callon’s (1986) four moments of translation as analytical lens, and with Ireland’s Industrial Development Authority as empirical example, I seek to address the concerns of Clegg and Machado da Silva (2009) by reconsidering “the role of agency, power, persistence and change in the process of institutionalization”.

Tls Newsletter Volume 3, Edition 4 April 2010, Unf Transportation And Logistics Society

Transportation & Logistics Society Newsletter

Inside this newsletter: Spring 2010 Graduate Survey. Editors' corrections and retractions. In the Know--TLS Tours. Important Spring Dates. Professional Spotlight on American Society of Transportation and Logistics. Get to Know Darline Bernheimer.

Developing Reverse Logistics Programs: A Resource Based View, Stephen E. Genchev, Timothy D. Landry, Patrica J. Daugherty, Anthony S. Roath

Journal of Transportation Management

Previous research proposes a six-process model for reverse logistics (RL) program design and execution. This manuscript advances RL related knowledge by incorporating the previous model into a broader theoretical framework, namely, the Resource Based View (RBV) of the firm. The current research employs exploratory techniques to investigate the applicability of RBV and its main tenants within the RL context. Based on in-depth interviews with 16 executives from seven different companies, the relationships among resources. RL capabilities, and RL competencies are explored.

A Study Of Logistics Strategies In Small Versus Large U.S. Manufacturing Firms, John E. Spillan, Jonathan W. Kohn, Michael A. Mcginnis

Journal of Transportation Management

The research reported in this manuscript empirically compares the similarities and differences of logistics strategies for small and large manufacturing firms. The hypotheses focus on whether there are significant differences between logistics strategies of small and large manufacturing firms and whether logistics strategy outcomes differ. The findings indicate that there are many similarities but differences do exist. The results identify dimensions of logistics strategy and assess their impact on logistics coordination effectiveness, customer service commitment, and company/division competitive responsiveness.

Forward Positioning And Consolidation Of Strategic Inventories, Joseph B. Skipper, John E. Bell, William A. Cunningham Iii, Daniel D. Mattioda

Journal of Transportation Management

The forward positioning of strategic inventory in the supply chain has an impact on transportation times and is important for sensitive demand profiles. Consolidation of stocks creates pooling effects and minimizes costs. This study analyzes a current military case where forward consolidation of equipment is considered using optimization, and payback periods are calculated for the cost of consolidating inventory at one of six locations. Results indicate that forward positioning and consolidation reduces time and cost, and also creates savings in reverse logistics flows. The study has implications for geographically diverse supply chains such as humanitarian aid and emergency response operations.

Fuel Costs And Supply Chain Decisions, Cliff Welborn

Journal of Transportation Management

The affect of rising fuel costs on the individual consumer is well documented in current media. Consumers are paying more for their basic necessities. Fuel surcharge, transportation cost, and logistics have become house hold words. The rising cost of crude oil creates an increase in fuel cost, and this creates an increase in the cost to transport products from one location to another. Managers, who are responsible for acquiring products and delivering them to customers, are also feeling the impact of higher fuel prices. This article will outline three significant areas where fuel prices are affecting U.S. supply chain decisions. …

Adapting Baumol’S Inventory Theoretic To Landed Cost Decisions, Stephan P. Brady, Peter F. Swan, Richard R. Young

Journal of Transportation Management

Major U.S. corporations have been importers for over 200 years. A significant impetus for “offshoring” has been reducing costs—usually labor costs. Often, other costs were overlooked. There has been a growing disenchantment with sourcing goods overseas, especially when there may be domestic alternatives as other costs begin to dominate. Baumol and Vinod’s Inventory Theoretic model was useful in adding transportation considerations. However, Baumol leaves out several important costs that unless considered in offshoring decisions can lead to suboptimal solutions. This paper extends that model, providing a prescriptive model that could be operationalized by firms to evaluate offshore sourcing decisions.

Testing The Impact Of Global Mindset On Positive Organizational Outcomes: A Multi-Level Analysis, Joana S. Story

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This multi-level study examined the relationship between leaders’ global mindset with followers’ rating of trust in leader, quality of the leader-member relationship (LMX), and organizational commitment. Complexity of global role and leader distance were also examined as moderating variables. Data were collected from 78 leader participants and 240 raters from one Fortune 100 multinational organization. A multilevel data analysis was conducted using Hierarchical Linear Modeling. No significant relationships were found between global mindset and ratings of follower trust in leader and quality of the leader-member-relationship. A significant negative relationship was found between global mindset of leaders and follower organizational commitment. …

2010 April, Office Of Communications & Marketing, Morehead State University.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for April 2010.

تسعير الخدمة التعليمية في الجامعات والكليات الأهلية العراقية, غازي معين فيصل, خولة حسين حمدان

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث الى دراسة الأسس التي تعتمدها الجامعات والكليات الأهلية العراقية عند تسعيرها للخدمة التعليمية وبيان أسباب التفاوت في رسوم الخدمة التعليمية وتحديد الأساليب المناسبة التي يجب تطبيقها عند تسعير الخدمة التعليمية. وتم جمع البيانات عن طريق الاستمارة الإلكترونية المحكمة من قبل مختصين والتي وزعت على الجامعات والكليات الأهلية العراقية بواقع (4) جامعات أهلية ، (18) كلية أهلية لتحقيق اهداف البحث. وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات أهمها : تركز الجامعات والكليات الأهلية على تحديد رسوم الخدمة التعليمية وفق أساس واحد للتسعير دون دراسة جميع العوامل المؤثرة على قرارات التسعير ،مما قد يؤدي الى زيادة العائد في اختصاصات معينة ولكن …

المتطلبات الأساسية لمنهجية Six Sigma الرشيقة وانعكاسها على تعزيز استراتيجيات التصنيع الرشيق : دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من المدراء في شركة نفط الشمال – كركوك, احمد حسين علي, محمد ابراهيم محمد

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يهدف البحث الحالي الى محاولة ايجاد طبيعة علاقة الارتباط والأثر للمتطلبات الأساسية لمنهجيةsix sigma الرشيقة مع اســـــتراتيـــجــــيات التــــصنـــيع الرشيق، والــــتــي أضحت إحدى المواضيع الـــمـهــمــة في علم إدارة الانتاج والعمليات في الحقبة الزمنية الأخيرة، ولأجل معرفة النتائج المترتبة على هذه العلاقة ضمن بيئة الصناعة العراقية ، فقد قام الباحثان باختيار احدى الشركات الــــــصناعية والمتمثلة بشركة نفط الشمال في محافظة كركوك، وذلك من خلال دراســــــــة استـــــــطــلاعيــــة لآراء مجموعة من المدراء العاملين فيها، وتم التوصل الى عدة استنتاجات كان من أهمها “وجود علاقة ارتباط بين متطلبات منهجية six sigma الرشيقة واستراتيجيات التصنيع الرشيق ، فــــضــلاً عــــــــن التأثير المعنوي لــمتــطلبات منهجية six sigma الرشيقة …

التنويع الاقتصادي في العراق بين تحديات الحاضر وامكانات المستقبل, حيدر طالب موسى

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

أن المتتبع لمسيرة الاقتصاد العراقي يرى بأن مراحله الاقتصادية وحتى السياسية والتي نشير لها هنا كونها لعبت الدور الابرز في رسم السياسات الاقتصادية قد جعلته أقتصاداً ريعياً بامتياز على الرغم من وفرة الموارد البشرية والمادية ، ,وعلى الرغم من هذه الوفرة الأ انه لم تبذل جهود جدية مبنية على أسس علمية للهروب من الفخ الريعي بل كانت الجهود تمثل في جوهرها منهجاً سياسياً ذو صبغة أقتصادية ، بحيث لم يتبنى القائمين على السياسة الاقتصادية منهجاً صحيحاً يقوم على استثمار الفوائض النفطية العالية ، بل بالعكس من ذلك أصبحت تبنى الموازنات العامة للدولة العراقية على أساس سعر النفط العالمي مما أنعكس …

دور الصناعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة في تحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية : دراسة حالة العراق, سعاد جواد كاظم

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يجري التأكيد على دور الصناعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة باعتبارها النمط الأكثر فعالية في تحريك القوى العاملة شبه الماهرة وغير الماهرة باتجاه عملية التصنيع، وهو ما يأتي تزامنا مع الاهتمام الذي يعطى عادة إلى مسألتي: توفير فرص العمل للأفراد الذين يتسمون بمهارة عالية نسبيا وتوسيع نطاق التنمية الصناعية في الاقتصاد ليشمل كافة المجالات، وسيتبع ذلك الكثير من التساؤلات بشأن كل من وضع الحدود الدقيقة للصناعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة لتميزها عن الصناعات الكبيرة وعلاقة حجم المؤسسة بالكثافة النسبية للعنصر الإنتاجي من جانب وبكفاءة استخدام المدخلات من جانب آخر، وكل هذا يقدم صورة شاملة عن الصناعات الصغيرة في علاقاتها الهيكلية باعتبارات الموقعية وتنظيماتها المؤسسية.

Phased Retirement Data Sheet, Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center

Memos and Fact Sheets

This data sheet includes information on current coverage and participation by American workers in pension and retirement plans. It also includes information on what employees say they want in terms of flexible work arrangements and access to pension and retirement funds, as well as what employers say they need with regard to the workforce of the future.

Early Retirement Incentive Plans And The Age Discrimination In Employment Act, Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center

Memos and Fact Sheets

Early retirement incentive plans (ERIP) “seek to give incentives to older employees to retire before conventional retirement age. The purpose of these programs is to cut back on salaries and benefits to make way for younger workers.” While some ERIPs might constitute a prohibited act under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), the statute provides an affirmative defense for employers who can prove that the plan is voluntary and “consistent with the purposes” of the Act.

Some commentators have suggested that one way to encourage employers to establish bona fide phased retirement programs within their qualified pension plans is …

Benefits, Rights And Features Nondiscrimination Testing And Phased Retirement Programs, Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center

Memos and Fact Sheets

Various studies indicate that formal phased retirement programs within defined benefit plans are wanted and needed by both employers and employees. Phased retirement programs may be useful for employees who want to reduce their hours during later stages of their careers, but who wish to remain in the workforce. For employers, a phased retirement program may be a useful tool to retain talented employees who may otherwise fully retire.

In designing phased retirement programs, It is not surprising that many employers wish to have significant discretion in deciding which employees they will seek to retain through a phased retirement program. …

Phased Retirement Benefits And Final Full Retirement Calculations: Open Issues, Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center

Memos and Fact Sheets

This document briefly describes two issues relating to the final, full retirement benefit for individuals who receive a phased retirement distribution from a defined benefit plan: 1) whether and how any phased retirement distribution would offset the final full retirement benefit, and 2) the form of the payment of the final, full retirement benefit.

A Timeline Of The Evolution Of Retirement In The United States, Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center

Memos and Fact Sheets

This document provides key highlights in the history of retirement in the United States. It provides some background on how the concept of retirement, and its legal treatment, has evolved. This time-line does not include every law related to pension and retirement plans. Rather, it emphasizes those laws that have come to shape how we view retirement, particularly the tax laws that encouraged employers to establish pension and retirement plans in the first place.