Business Commons^™

A Framework For Integrating Persons With Autism To The Workforce, Rosemary R. Seva, Ron R. Resurreccion, Alvin Neil A. Gutierrez

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Persons with Autism (PWAs) have unique skills and abilities to contribute to a productive workplace. Companies often do not hire them because these firms believe they have many limitations and that employing them would pose various challenges. This study determined the factors affecting the performance of PWAs, the challenges and benefits in employing them, and proposed a framework to guide employers in successfully integrating them in the workforce. A mixed-methods design was used with data collection tools such as video observations, focus group discussions and an organizational culture survey. Through the various data gathered, the challenges identified were the limited …

Happiness At Work: Seafarers’ Experience In A Maritime Company, Ana Liza Asis-Castro, Divina M. Edralin

DLSU Business & Economics Review

We investigated the person-level factors that influenced the degree of happiness at work of Filipino seafarers in a maritime company. We used the model of Fisher (2010) as the basis for the person-level dimensions, namely: (1) job satisfaction; (2) vigorous work engagement; (3) dispositional affect; and (4) flourishing at work. We investigated if job satisfaction would most significantly explain happiness in the workplace of the seafarers among all person-level dimensions. We also hypothesized that the bundle of person-level dimensions significantly influences happiness at work. We used descriptive and causal research designs and surveyed 229 randomly selected Filipino seafarers from one …

The Impact Of Adjustment, Agency, And Political Costs On Cost Stickiness Of Publicly-Listed Companies In The Philippines From 2009-2019, Angela Bianca N. Catalig, Charles Justin M. Decena, Maria Denise A. Franco, Ma. Colleen L. Ventura, Joy Lynn R. Legaspi

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Recent research shows that studying the traditional cost behavior within a firm may not be sufficient to fully understand the elements that influence management behavior. Studies have pinpointed a cost-related issue called “cost asymmetry,” which has gained the widespread name of “cost stickiness.” Researchers have explored factors that cause cost stickiness through three theories: adjustment cost theory, agency theory, and political process theory. This study seeks to determine the sticky cost behavior of three costs, namely cost of goods sold, selling, general and administrative expenses, and total cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses. It also aims …

Monitoring Child Poverty And Exclusion Through The Community-Based Monitoring System (Cbms), Celia M. Reyes, Anne Bernadette E. Mandap

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This paper aims to apply the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) methodology for analyzing multidimensional poverty among children. The child multidimensional poverty measured using CBMS data examines the nature and extent of deprivations of children in terms of nine (9) dimensions covering non-income and income measures of poverty. Aside from generating a child MPI using CBMS indicators at the local level, geospatial data is generated to show how the CBMS-MPI methodology can facilitate analysis of situation of children across sub-locations and how it can be used for more informed planning of appropriate interventions, and better targeted program implementation. Using CBMS data …

Rational Choices And Welfare Changes In Philippine Family Energy Demand: Evidence From Family Income And Expenditure Surveys, Jesus C. Dumagan, Michael R. M. Abrigo

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study found Philippine family demands for (1) electricity, (2) gas and liquid fuels, (3) solid fuels, (4) food, and (5)

others—based on Family Income and Expenditure Surveys (FIES) in 2009, 2012, and 2015—are rational (i.e., expenditure- minimizing). Specifically, all own-price elasticities are negative (downward sloping demand curves). Cross-price elasticities

between (1), (2), and (3) are positive (substitutes) while cross-price elasticities of (1), (2), and (3) with (4) or (5) are mostly negative (generally complements). Income elasticities are positive (normal goods), except for (3), comprising “fuelwood, charcoal, and biomass residues” that are consumed less at higher incomes (inferior goods). These …

Investors’ Response To Political Connections: A Systematic Review, Arina Rus Zahira Rusli, Rohami Shafie, Mazrah Malek

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study aimed to deliver a concise overview of the market reaction towards a political connection (PCON) through the identification and analyses of the event announcements and outcomes of the events related to PCON firms and stock market reactions. The Scopus and Jstor databases via the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), which are used to analyse previous studies, were utilised. The initial systematic search resulted in 8,518 records, which was narrowed to 16 articles through a process of elimination. It was found that PCON firms reacted positively, negatively, or a combination of the two to the …

What, Why And How Financial Development Matters: Evidence Of Asean-5, Asia-5 And Oecd-7 Economies, Swee Liang Tan

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper analyzed the association between bank and capital markets financial development with income per capita in three regions; ASEAN-5 economies (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia), Asia-5 (Japan, China, Hong Kong SAR, South Korea, and India), and OECD-7 (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, UK, and US) from 2000 to 2017 using panel data regressions. A key lesson ASEAN-5 can learn from Asia-5 and OECD-7 experience is that bank size does matter despite digital disruptions to their banking system; yet large financial structure that favors banks is negatively associated with Asia-5, and importantly, efficient banking system (not bank size alone) is …

Eradicating Malaria: Innovation Diffusion In The Face Of Grand Challenges, Han Jiang, Hao Liang, Dongning Yang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

What is the role of organizational innovation—beyond technological innovation—in an era of grand challenges concerning health, poverty, and economic development around the world? How is organizational innovation developed and diffused to influence resource allocation in the field? We conduct a qualitative case study by analyzing a Chinese pharmaceutical firm’s efforts to combat malaria in Africa over 10 years. Through documentation and extensive interviews, we study the role of innovation diffusion and resource allocation to address grand challenges in emerging markets with significant institutional voids. Our conceptual model delineates the different stages of innovation diffusion to show how organizations can draw …

Countercyclical Marketing During Recessions, Nirmalya Kumar

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Nirmalya Kumar argues that during recessions, firms should fight against their instinct to reduce marketing outlays. Instead, a large body of academic research demonstrates that firms investing in countercyclical marketing perform better both during, and immediately after, the economic downturn.

Oil Price Shocks And Stock Market Anomalies, Zhaobo Zhu, Licheng Sun, Jun Tu, Qiang Ji

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper provides a novel perspective to the nexus of oil prices and stock markets by examining the impact of oil price shocks on stock market anomalies. After decomposing oil price shocks into three types , we find that aggregate demand shocks have the strongest influence on stock market anomalies. In contrast, oil supply shocks and oil-specific demand shocks have little impact. Similar results are also found in the industry analysis. Interestingly, the link between aggregate demand shocks and anomalies is the strongest among firms with either small size or high idiosyncratic risks. The documented effects are robust after controlling …

Performance Of Smart Beta Etfs In The U.S. Market: 2009–2019, Chiyachantana N. Chiraphol, Chiraphol N. Chiyachantana, Kuan Yong David Ding, Tanakorn Likitapiwat

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: This paper empirically analyses the performance of smart beta exchange traded funds (ETFs) through the absolute return, relative return, and risk-adjusted return over the decade from 2009 to 2019.Methodology: Using a sample of smart beta ETFs in the U.S. stock market, we examine the components of the risk factors in a smart beta strategy. Results: Our results show that a smart beta strategy is not able to maintain a persistent performance over the period examined. Moreover, there is not a single year that smart beta ETFs could generate an abnormal return that is statistically significant. The evidence illustrates that …

Why Do U.S. Firms Invest Less Over Time?, Fangjian Fu, Sheng Huang, Rong Wang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Capital expenditures of U.S. public firms, relative to total assets, decrease by more than half from 1980 to 2020. The decline is pervasive across industries and firms of different characteristics and cannot be explained by the usual determinants of investment and many other seemingly plausible reasons. The decline is consistent with the transformation in production technology — firms rely more on intangible capital and less on fixed assets in production. Industry-level analyses yield supporting evidence. We observe similar declining trend in capital expenditure in other developed countries but not in most emerging markets.

Do Philippine Stocks Catch Coronavirus? Some Econometric Check-Up On Pandemic Data, 2021-2022, Mark Reniel M. Amarila, Luisito C. Abueg

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

Using daily data from March 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022, the USD-PHP exchange rate and pandemic-related variables such as the number of cases, vaccinations, and stringency index in relation to the movements of Philippine Stock Exchange index (PSEi) were investigated. The paper views vaccination as an instrument for reducing economic uncertainty, subsequently providing a positive sentiment for investors and stock market. Ordinary least squares, autoregressive distributed lags, and vector autoregression was used to show some dynamics based on time series data. Particularly, there are indications of reported cases being negatively correlated and statistically significant for PSEi. Further, impulse response …

Analisis Pengaruh Corporate Governance Dan Risk Management Committee Terhadap Financial Performance Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020, Dhea Saummi Tasya, Imo Gandakusuma

Jurnal Manajemen dan Usahawan Indonesia

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of corporate governance and risk management committee of manufacturing firms at the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016 – 2020. In 2016-2020, manufacturing companies were the highest contributors to national income, and financial performance fluctuated. Manufacturing companies do not yet have specific regulations governing corporate governance mechanisms, so this research is needed. The results of this study find that the existence of a risk management committee has insignificant on financial performance. The auditor reputation and the independence of the audit committee has insignificant on financial performance through the existence of a …

Biodiversity Disclosure Of Indonesian Companies And The Role Of The Board Of Commissioners, Ahmad Hambali, Desi Adhariani

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The environmental damage that occurs on a large scale has an impact on reducing biodiversity. Biodiversity has an important role that is useful for human life and plays a central role in economic development. This condition makes various parties aware of their role in preventing further damage. Companies, whether directly or indirectly, owe a great deal to the environment. This study seeks to examine the role of the Board of Commissioners as proxied by the size of the Board of Commissioners, the proportion of Independent Boards, and the proportion of women on the Board of Commissioners as a corporate governance …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Tax Objection Review In Indonesia’S Tax Authority, Yuli Trisnawati, Siti Nuryanah

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

An evaluation of the effectiveness of tax objection review by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) is required due to the increasing number of tax disputes that continue to litigation and a low winning rate for DGT in tax court (approximately 40%). This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of reviewing tax objections at DGT using Campbell's Effectiveness Theory (1989) with criteria of programs and goals success, program satisfaction, inputs and outputs conformity, and overall goal achievement. This is case study research with a qualitative method presented in a descriptive analysis. Data was collected through documentation, interviews, and satisfaction surveys. …

A Better Model? Testing Of Fama And French Six-Factor Model In Pakistan, Mehak Younus

Business Review

This study examines the performance of the Fama and French six factor model and the alternative six-factor model in explaining anomalous return patterns using a broad sample of the Pakistani stock market from 2000 to 2017. This study is the first to test the applicability of these models in Pakistan and their performance in explaining anomalous returns. There are 11 anomalies taken, which proved to be significant in the Pakistani market. The GRS test is used with other time-series measures to check the power of the given models in explaining one-way sorted quintile portfolios. The results reveal that both models …

Ipo Waiting Period In Pakistan, Tayyeba Zanib, Muhammad Zubair Mumtaz

Business Review

This study examined the IPO waiting period from offering to the first trading day listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from 1995 to 2018. We find that firms that float shares to the general public have passed through multiple layers of inspection by underwriters, auditors, institutional investors, and regulatory bodies. The waiting period of the unseasoned issue is an essential predictor of uncertainty associated with a firm. To test this proposition, we first determine the endogenous and exogenous factors that influence IPO waiting period. The results confirm that the firms offer price, percentage of shares after issuance of IPO, book …

Behavioural Intention Of Investors Regarding Trading Apps In India With An Implication Of Utaut Model, Mohan Anand, V.S. Abhilash

Management Dynamics

Behavioral intention is the prime concern while opting and using a product or service. The study is conducted to understand the investor’s behavioral intentions towards the trading app in India, using the UTAUT model. The primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire whereas, secondary data were collected from the company website, journals, and so on. The responses were collected from 395 investors which include both existing and prospective users of the app. Using SPSS, chi-square, etc., were performed to understand the significant relationship and difference between the variables in determining the behavioral intention. The study concluded the influence of …

University Social Responsibility From The Transformative Ecofeminism Perspective, Luky Patricia Widianingsih, Iwan Triyuwono, Ali Djamhuri, Rosidi Rosidi

The Qualitative Report

This study aims to find conceptual innovations, with a focus on the scope of University Social Responsibility in the perspective of transformative ecofeminism. The basic belief that guides action in this research is the transformative worldview. The research approach is based on feminism with the data collection process carried out by observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and FGDs. The two data research rigour strategies chosen were to maintain the credibility (internal validity) and reliability of the research data through triangulation of techniques and sources and to carefully review the documentation of research procedures/protocols and databases. The presentation of data and the …

Central Bank Independence: An Examination Of Monetary And Economic Stability Through Ordinary And Extraordinary Times, Carroll Griffin, Yun Cheng

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The idea of central bank independence (CBI) has been widely accepted over the last several decades by many countries around the world, both developed and developing. As such, many countries around the world granted autonomy to their central banks during the 1980s and 1990s. Although the majority of past studies have primarily examined the impact of central bank independence on inflation, there is only now sufficient date to empirically determine whether many of these claims are true. This study examines central bank independence over the long-term (1960 to 2015) to determine to what extent central bank independence has helped to …

Leadership Through Budgeting: Controlling Taxes And Increasing Services, Tony Sims

Certified Public Manager® Applied Research

Local budgets are the key responsibility of elected and appointed leaders, as are ultimate control over how tax dollars are allocated, and which services are provided to the citizens. Nowhere else is leadership more important than during budget preparation. However, local budgeting is typically more an annual event than an ongoing efficient and effective process. By implementing a budgeting process and preparing a budget in accordance with the criteria required by the Government Finance Officers Association’s (GFOA) Distinguished Budget Presentation Award Program and earning the award, local governments can create more efficient and effective operations, improve public trust, and have …

Can Blockchain-Supply Chain Announcements Create Shareholder Value? Evidence From An Event Study For International Initiatives, Alyaa Saleh

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates how Blockchain based Supply chain (BC-SC) announcements impact the stock market performance of the announcing firms. Using a sample of 104 news and firm announcements between 2016 and July 2021, we conduct an international event study to determine the effect of BC-SC announcements on the market performance. We find that an overall significantly positive market reaction of 1.45% to all BC-SC announcements on the announcement day. In addition, we find that the stock market reaction slightly differs when different SC challenges are targeted by the announcing firm. When blockchain is used for traceability purposes, the market response …

Guess Who Is Not Using Mobile Money In Sub-Saharan Africa?, Aparna Gosavi

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

Mobile money, which is a mobile-phone-based service, sends and/or receives money across a wide geographical area with just a touch of a mobile-phone button. This particular financial product was initially introduced in Kenya in the early part of 2007. Within the first six months of its introduction in Kenya, more than two million people enrolled for the service, partly because the utility emerged as a handy tool for urban migrants to send money back home to their families who resided in villages. This overwhelming response to the service was mainly because of its convenience, safety, and speed. Now, in Sub-Saharan …

Impairment Recognition And Revaluation– China Publicly Listed Companies, Ying Wang

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The advent of SFAS 142 and IAS 36 regarding handling of asset impairment has spawned research into how these standards influence whether an impairment loss is recorded. Deferred tax items in China have three major components: temporary tax and financial reporting differences in depreciation; impairment losses; and previous losses, which can be carried forward for five years for tax purposes. While the temporary differences in depreciation typically defer taxes and create deferred tax liabilities, impairment losses and previous losses create deferred tax assets because they are not deductible in the current period for tax purposes. A deferred tax asset is …

Cohesive Top Management: The Role Of Diversity And Human, Drake Mullens

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

Objective: In the context of family firms, this research endeavors to establish human capital as an antecedent of top management team transactive memory systems and examine the deleterious effects of non-family managers on that team. Additionally, the interaction of non-family managers and human capital on the top management team transactive memory system is considered. Methodology: Primary data were collected from 151 executives at Automobile and Motorcycle dealers. Linear regression analysis was utilized to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings: Human capital is an important antecedent to the development of transactive memory systems in family firms. Non-family managers’ participation in the top …

Will More Technology In Accounting Become Another Barrier To Attracting And Retaining Black Students To The Profession?, Darlene Booth-Bell, Kristen E. Broady, Axsel Brown

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

Automation in the form of drones, machine learning, computer vision, robotic process automation, artificial intelligence, and robotic software applications will continue to increase productivity and reduce the need for some workers. While there may not be an immediate reduction in accounting professionals, data analytics has begun to shift the primary skill sets needed for accountants in the United States and abroad. In this paper, we identify and discuss the main challenges the profession faces in attracting black students to the profession. Additionally, we present a theoretical discussion of the challenge of ensuring that as more accounting work moves from traditional …

Analysis Of The Comovement Of Unemployment In Midwestern States, Tammy Rapp Parker

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

The current paper investigates the interrelatedness of twelve Midwestern states through the comovement of unemployment rates. Due to their geographic location, we would anticipate similarities and comovement among macroeconomic variables. The results show that although most of the bivariate pairings do show a relationship. Five of the sixty-five pairings show no indication of cointegration among their unemployment rates. Each of these five pairings includes North Dakota. The paper investigates geographic and socioeconomic similarities between these states to try to explain these results.

Baumol And Bowen Cost Effects In Research Universities, Robert E. Martin

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

We estimate cost models for both public and private research universities and use partial differentials from these models to estimate different cost effects. The results suggest both Baumol’s cost disease and Bowen’s revenue theory drive cost higher and that Bowen effects are larger than Baumol effects. Tight revenue since 2008 reversed some declines in productivity and accelerated the trend in economizing on the use of tenure track faculty. This behavior under loose and tight revenue constraints is consistent with Bowen’s revenue theory.

The Additional Burden Of The Bank Security Act On Community Banks In States With Casinos, Danielle Lewis

Southern University College of Business E-Journal

Deeply embedded compliance costs are difficult to account. We modeled non-interest expenses using all U.S. community banks and found the 2001 USA Patriot Act increased the compliance burdens, but particularly for banks with casinos in their state. Changes in policy pertaining to the Bank Secrecy Act include Congress modernizing the BSA provisions because the rules leave excessive room for interpretation and subjectivity across examiners and courts. Additionally, a publication showing the effectiveness of BSA reporting could benefit bankers and help make compliance more cost efficient.