Business Commons^™

On Some Risk-Adjusted Tail-Based Premium Calculation Principles, Edward Furman, Zinoviy Landsman

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

This paper explores two tail-based premium calculation principles, the tail standard deviation (TSD) premium and the tail conditional expectation (TCE) premium, in their risk-adjusted and unadjusted forms. They are risk-adjusted using so-called distortion functions. We prove that the proportional hazard (PH) risk-adjusted TCE premium is larger than the unadjusted TCE premium. Additionally, given a risk distribution with location and scale parameters, we prove that the PH risk-adjusted TCE premium reduces to the unadjusted TSD premium.

Bayesian Analysis Of A Health Insurance Model, Helio S. Migon, Edison M.O. Penna

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We consider the problem of determining health insurance premiums based on past information on size of loss, number of losses, and size of population at risk. The size of loss and the number of losses are treated as mutually independent random variables. The number of losses is assumed to follow a Poisson process, and the loss sizes are independent and identically distributed non-negative random variables, and the population at risk is assumed to follow a non-linear growth model. An expression for the premium is obtained through maximization of the insurer's expected utility under a Bayesian model. The parameter estimation process …

Analysis Of An Insurance Risk Model With Thinning Dependence And Common Shock, Lai Mei Wan, Kam Chuen Yuen, Wai Keung Li

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We consider a continuous-time insurance risk model with m dependent classes of business with dependent claim number processes due to thinning dependence and a common shock. The impact of the dependence is studied via the adjustment coefficient. The case m = 2 is investigated analytically for exponential claim distributions and via simulation for non-exponential claim distributions.

Pricing Insurance Policies With A Distribution-Free Financial Pricing Model, Min-Ming Wen

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

The highly skewed and heavy tailed distributions used to model insurance losses (claims) raise a concern about the validity of the applications of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) to insurance pricing when market risks are essential. This paper provides an alternative pricing model, called the Rubinstein-Leland model, which can be used to price insurance contracts. The Rubinstein-Leland model has a distribution-free feature that can fully capture the asymmetry embedded in insurance losses. Thus, this model is better able to derive fair prices for insurance policies than is the CAPM.

Bivariate Archimedean Copula Models For Censored Data In Non-Life Insurance, Michel Denuit, Oana Purcaru, Ingrid Van Keilegom

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We describe a methodology based on Archimedean copulas for analyzing nonlife insurance data with censoring present. Specifically, we propose a graphical selection procedure for the nonparametric estimation of the generator. An actual loss-ALAE data set is used for the numerical illustrations and for comparisons of our approach to a few others.

Consistent Assumptions For Modeling Credit Loss Correlations, Jan Dhaene, Marc J. Goovaerts, Robert Koch, Ruben Olieslagers, Olivier Romijn, Steven Vanduffel

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We consider a single period portfolio of n dependent credit risks that are subject to default during the period. We show that using stochastic loss given default random variables in conjunction with default correlations can give rise to an inconsistent set of assumptions for estimating the variance of the portfolio loss. Two sets of consistent assumptions are provided, which it turns out, also provide bounds on the variance of the portfolio's loss. An example of an inconsistent set of assumptions is given.

Bayesian Analysis Of Insurance Losses Using The Buhlmann-Straub Credibility Model, Abraham J. Van Der Merwe, Kobus N. Bekker

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We propose a Bayesian analysis to develop credibility estimates of the well known Biihlmann-Straub model. We describe simple numerical methods to obtain exact posterior distributions and predictive densities under this model. These distributions are obtained through Monte Carlo simulations that generate independent samples from the joint posterior distribution. Our methods are therefore preferable to methods such as Gibbs sampling, which generates dependent samples from the joint distribution. The methods discussed also can be extended to more complicated credibility models.

Spatial Distribution Of Frequency And Severity Of Water Claims In California, Gurbhag Singh, Max Tang, Don Mcneill, Lyn Hunstad

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

We examine the frequency and severity of water loss claims for homeowners insurance across the state of California for the experience years 2000, 2001, and 2002. The spatial distribution patterns of frequencies and severities are mapped and analyzed at the zip code level. The maps reveal the pockets of high frequencies and severities. The information provided in this paper will assist actuaries and policy makers in their quest to set accurate rates for homeowners insurance.

Equipment Leasing: Analysis Of Industry Practices Emphasizing Lessors' Risks And Returns, Ravi Vijay Beedkar

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the leasing industry from the lessor’s perspective and the factors that contribute to its growth. An analysis of the industry is performed to evaluate trends and practices. Aspects such as the role of the FASB & IRS as governing bodies, propensities to lease based on a lessee’s industry, size, years in operation and geographical location, and risks based on equipment type and lessee’s capital equipment requirements are discussed. To determine a lessor’s activities in relation to leasing equipment, a business process of leasing is developed. In relation to the business process of …

Journal Of Actuarial Practice, Volume 13, 2006, Colin Ramsay , Editor

Journal of Actuarial Practice (1993–2006)

ARTICLES

Bivariate Archimedean Copula Models for Censored Data in Non-Life Insurance • Michel Denuit, Dana Purcaru, and Ingrid Van Keilegom 5

Bayesian Analysis of Insurance Losses Using the Biihlmann-Straub Credibility Model • Abraham J. van der Merwe and Kobus N Bekker . 33

Bayesian Analysis of a Health Insurance Model • Helio S. Migon and Edison M. O. Penna 61

Solvency of Life Insurance Companies: Methodological Issues • Rosa Cocozza and Emilia Di Lorenzo . 81

Pricing Insurance Policies with a Distribution-Free Financial Pricing Model • Min-Ming Wen . 103

A Note on the Instability of the Unprojected Individual Level …

An Empirical Investigation Of The Minority Interest And Marketability Discounts In Valuation Of Closely Held Stock For Estate And Gift Tax Purposes, Ted D. Englebrecht, Mary M. Anderson, Otto Martinson

Faculty Publications

The discounts for lack of marketability and minority interest are crucial in reducing the value of transferred interests of closely held companies for estate and gift tax purposes. Because the current highest marginal estate and gift tax rate is 49%, there is a strong inducement for CPAs, Attorneys, Investment Bankers, Financial Planners, and others who value these transfers to accurately gauge the judicially allowed discounts for lack of marketability and minority interests in the valuation of closely held stock. This study examines the relationship between Tax Court determined values for lack of marketability and minority discounts to closely held stock …

Forensic Procedures And Specialists: Useful Tools And Techniques, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Forensic & Litigation Services Committee. Fraud Task Force

AICPA Committees

No abstract provided.

Aicpa Committee Handbook For 2005, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

AICPA Committees

No abstract provided.

Depository And Lending Institutions: Banks And Savings Institutions, Credit Unions, Finance Companies And Mortgage Companies, With Conforming Changes As Of May 1, 2006; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Guides Combination Task Force

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Assessing And Responding To Audit Risk In A Financial Statement Audit; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Risk Assessment Audit Guide Task Force

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

From The Accounting Hall Of Fame, Thomas J. Burns Series In Accounting History, Anonymous

Accounting Hall of Fame Brochures

No abstract provided.

Auditing Standards Board (Asb) Meeting, August 22-23, 2006, Denver, Co; Asb Highlights August 2006, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Board

Association Sections, Divisions, Boards, Teams

No abstract provided.

Auditing Standards Board (Asb) Meeting, October 17-18, 2006, New York, Ny; Asb Highlights October 2006, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Board

Association Sections, Divisions, Boards, Teams

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Gender And Ethnic Composition Of South African Boards Of Directors On Intellectual Capital Performance, Jean-Luc Wolfgang Mitchell Van Der Zahn

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study examines the association between the gender and ethnic composition of boards of directors and firm performance in a transitional nation. In contrast to prior research that largely focuses on firm performance within a financial context, this study concentrates on intellectual capital performance. Using data collected from 84 South African, empirical results indicate a positive association between the percentage of female and non-white directors on the board and a firm’s intellectual capital performance. Additional analysis shows the designation of female directors as an insider has a negative effect of intellectual capital performance. Designation of female and non-white directors as …

Employee Benefit Plans With Conforming Changes As Of March 1, 2006; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Employee Benefit Plans Committee

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Checklists And Illustrative Financial Statements For Depository And Lending Institutions : A Financial Accounting And Reporting Practice Aid, June 2006 Edition, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting And Auditing Publications, Karin Glupe, Julie Gould

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

An Experimental Analysis Of The Impact Of Goal Orientation, Ethical Orientation, And Personality Traits On Managers' And Accountants' Abilities To Recognize Misappropriation Of Assets, Wendy Walston Achilles

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the impact of knowledge, experience, goal orientation, ethical orientation, and personality traits on managers' and accountants' abilities to recognize misappropriation of assets. Participants included students and professionals. The student group included upper-level accounting majors and upper-level management majors. The professional group included students enrolled in an introductory accounting course for their MBA program and internal auditors from a variety of organizations. Findings in the study show that accounting students assessed the possibility that fraud was in progress at a higher level than the management students, suggesting that the accounting students acquire basic knowledge about fraud from the …

Do Investors Over-React To Patterns Of Past Financial Performance Measures?, Abdulaziz Alwathainani

Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this thesis are threefold. First, this dissertation examines whether patterns (growth and consistency in growth) of firms' past financial performance influence investors' perceptions about stock values and future performance of these firms. Second, multiple estimation horizons of past performance variables (ranging from one to five years) are used to assess whether the interaction between growth patterns and measurement interval lengths of these variables influence investor expectations. Third, this thesis examines whether an intermediate price drifts (e.g. Jegadeesh and Titman [1993]) and subsequent long-horizon price reversal (e.g. DeBondt and Thaler (1985)] are manifestations of a market over-reaction as …

Managing Your Tax Season, Edward Mendlowitz, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Pcps Executive Committee

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

Aicpa/Accountemps Student Scholarship Awards, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

Member Guide, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

Iso 9001: Quality Management System Manual, Revision L, 2005-2006 Edition, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

Accountant's Business Manual, 2006, Volume 1, William H. Behrenfeld, Andrew R. Biebl, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

The Reputational Penalty For Aggressive Accounting: Earnings Restatements And Management Turnover, Hemang Desai, Chris E. Hogan, Michael S. Wilkins

School of Business Faculty Research

In this paper we investigate the reputational penalties to managers of firms announcing earnings restatements. More specifically, we examine management turnover and the subsequent re-hiring of displaced managers at firms announcing earnings restatements during 1997 or 1998. In contrast to prior research (Beneish 1999 and Agrawal, Jaffe and Karpoff, 1999), which does not find increased turnover following GAAP violations or revelation of corporate fraud, we find that 60% of restating firms experience a turnover in at least one top manager within 24 months of the restatement compared to only 35% among age-, size- and industry-matched firms. Moreover, 85% of the …

Investment Companies, With Conforming Changes As Of May 1, 2006; Audit And Accounting Guide:, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Investment Companies Guide Task Force

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.