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Articles 1 - 30 of 116
Full-Text Articles in Epistemology
Hume's Argument That Empirical Knowledge Cannot Be Certain, From The Enquires (Argument Map), Michael Hoffmann
Hume's Argument That Empirical Knowledge Cannot Be Certain, From The Enquires (Argument Map), Michael Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This argument map reconstructs David Hume's famous skeptical argument in logical form. The argument is open for debate and comments in AGORA-net (http://agora.gatech.edu/). Search for map ID 9857.
Epistemological-Scientific Realism And The Onto-Relationship Of Inferentially Justified And Non-Inferentially Justified Beliefs, Max Lewis Edward Andrews
Epistemological-Scientific Realism And The Onto-Relationship Of Inferentially Justified And Non-Inferentially Justified Beliefs, Max Lewis Edward Andrews
Max L.E. Andrews
The traditional concept of knowledge is a justified true belief. The bulk of contemporary epistemology has focused primarily on that task of justification. Truth seems to be a quite obvious criterion—does the belief in question correspond to reality? My contention is that the aspect of ontology is far too separated from epistemology. This onto-relationship of between reality and beliefs require the epistemic method of epistemological realism. This is not to diminish the task of justification. I will then discuss the role of inference from the onto-relationships of free invention and discovery and whether it is best suited for a foundationalist …
Critiquing Cultural Relativism, Jaret Kanarek
Critiquing Cultural Relativism, Jaret Kanarek
The Intellectual Standard
No abstract provided.
On The Possibility Of Inductive Knowledge, Raam P. Gokhale
On The Possibility Of Inductive Knowledge, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
In this paper, we utilize a disjunction of familiar inductive beliefs—the disjunction being deductively valid—to show that we most likely have inductive knowledge, the likelihood depending on the usual inductive considerations like size and robustness of the sample, etc., i.e. on what it should depend on, not the usual 'philosophical' culprits like the old and new riddles of induction. While this is in itself philosophically significant, the implications of this for a justification of induction are also explored. Induction will be found to be supported but not justified by the proposed example. Lastly, to address this lacuna, and deriving support …
Review Of Mark Bekoff's Ignoring Nature No More: The Case For Compassionate Conservation, Ian Werkheiser
Review Of Mark Bekoff's Ignoring Nature No More: The Case For Compassionate Conservation, Ian Werkheiser
Ian Werkheiser
No abstract provided.
Allowing For Every Contingency, Raam P. Gokhale
Allowing For Every Contingency, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
A Dialogue on Determinism, Contingency and Free Will
Origins Shrouded In Myth, Raam P. Gokhale
Origins Shrouded In Myth, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
A Dialogue Exploring the Philosophical Roles of Myths
Faulty Phrases: “There Are No Absolutes” & “The Truth Is Relative”, Jaret Kanarek
Faulty Phrases: “There Are No Absolutes” & “The Truth Is Relative”, Jaret Kanarek
The Intellectual Standard
No abstract provided.
Beyond Empiricism: Realizing The Ethical Mission Of Management, Julian Friedland
Beyond Empiricism: Realizing The Ethical Mission Of Management, Julian Friedland
Julian Friedland
Research into the proper mission of business falls within the context of theoretical and applied ethics. And ethics is fast becoming a part of required business school curricula. However, while business ethics research occasionally appears in high-profile venues, it does not yet enjoy a regular place within any top management journal. I offer a partial explanation of this paradox and suggestions for resolving it. I begin by discussing the standard conception of human nature given by neoclassical economics as disseminated in business schools; showing it is a significant obstacle to an accurate conception of ethics and how this limits consideration …
Prison Through A Philosophic Prism, Raam P. Gokhale
Prison Through A Philosophic Prism, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
A Dialogue Between Prisoners Past, Present and Future
Forced Displacement In Colombia, Fernando Estrada
Forced Displacement In Colombia, Fernando Estrada
Fernando Estrada
No abstract provided.
Webs Of Faith As A Source Of Reasonable Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Webs Of Faith As A Source Of Reasonable Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Gregory Brazeal
Contemporary political theorists and philosophers of epistemology and religion have often drawn attention to the problem of reasonable disagreement. The idea that deliberators may reasonably persist in a disagreement even under ideal deliberative conditions and even over the long term poses a challenge to the common assumption that rationality should lead to consensus. This essay proposes a previously unrecognized source of reasonable disagreement, based on the notion that an individual's beliefs are rationally related to one another in a fabric of sentences or web of beliefs. The essay argues that an individual's beliefs may not form a single, seamless web, …
The Truths Of Chenglish: Logical Imperfection, Natural Language, And Philosophical Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
The Truths Of Chenglish: Logical Imperfection, Natural Language, And Philosophical Disagreement, Gregory Brazeal
Gregory Brazeal
Why is it that philosophy seems unable to obtain the kinds of agreement regularly achieved by mathematics and the natural sciences? The experimental philosophy movement emphasizes conflicting intuitions as a potential source of philosophical disagreement. This essay draws attention to another, complementary source: the logical imperfection of natural languages. Unlike logic as it is formalized in symbolic notation, the rules governing the correct use of terms in a natural language can be indeterminate, underdetermined, and inconsistent. Though most philosophers recognize the logical imperfection of natural languages in the abstract, everyday philosophical discussion is often conducted as though the argumentative moves …
Los Modelos De Equilibrio General: La Revisión De Chancelier Y Una Crítica A Debreu Y Mckenzie, Rodrigo Lopez-Pablos
Los Modelos De Equilibrio General: La Revisión De Chancelier Y Una Crítica A Debreu Y Mckenzie, Rodrigo Lopez-Pablos
Lopez-Pablos, Rodrigo
A revision on general equilibrium theory from an entropic perspective. JEL CLASSIFICATION: D50, O21, Z19
La Presunción De Inocencia Como Proposición Sintética, Cesar A. Prieto
La Presunción De Inocencia Como Proposición Sintética, Cesar A. Prieto
Cesar A. Prieto
No abstract provided.
The East Unleashed, Raam P. Gokhale
The East Unleashed, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
A Dialogue Concerning the Political Ramifications of the Developing World
Just-If-Ication, Raam P. Gokhale
Wittgenstein And The Challenge Of Global Ethics, Julian Friedland
Wittgenstein And The Challenge Of Global Ethics, Julian Friedland
Julian Friedland
No abstract provided.
How Much Does A Belief Cost?: Revisiting The Marketplace Of Ideas, Gregory Brazeal
How Much Does A Belief Cost?: Revisiting The Marketplace Of Ideas, Gregory Brazeal
Gregory Brazeal
Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. is often credited with creating the metaphor of “the marketplace of ideas,” though he did not use the exact phrase and his argument for free speech was not based on distinctively economic reasoning. Truly economic investigations of the marketplace of ideas have progressed in step with developments and trends in the law and economics literature. These investigations have tended to be one-sided, with writers focusing primarily either on the production of ideas (for example, Posner) or their consumption (for example, behavioral law and economics), without considering in depth how producers and consumers interact. This may …
Una Reflexión Entorno A “El Espíritu De La Ilustración” De Tzvetan Todorov., Mariado Hinojosa
Una Reflexión Entorno A “El Espíritu De La Ilustración” De Tzvetan Todorov., Mariado Hinojosa
Mariado Hinojosa
Tomando como referencia la obra de Tzvetan Todorov, el presente artículo reflexiona brevemente sobre algunos de los presupuestos heredados de la Ilustración y que marcaron profundamente el horizonte social, cultural y político del pasado siglo XX.
Powerful Arguments: Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Powerful Arguments: Logical Argument Mapping, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
This paper argues that deductive arguments are "powerful" when the goal is to stimulate reflection on one's own reasoning. Powerful arguments are defined as arguments that leave only one choice for a potential opponent: either to accept the conclusion or to defeat one of its premises. In the first part, the paper presents an argument for the thesis that so defined powerful arguments are possible when we do not only provide reasons as premises of an argument, but also what is called an "enabler." An "enabler" is that premise in an argument that guarantees that the reason provided in this …
Cognitive Effects Of Argument Visualization Tools, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Cognitive Effects Of Argument Visualization Tools, Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
External representations play a crucial role in learning. At the same time, cognitive load theory suggests that the possibility of learning depends on limited resources of the working memory and on cognitive load imposed by instructional design and representation tools. Both these observations motivate a critical look at Computer-Supported Argument Visualization (CSAV) tools that are supposed to facilitate learning. This paper uses cognitive load theory to compare the cognitive efficacy of RationaleTM 2 and AGORA.
The Two Envelopes Problem: A 'Back Of The Envelope' Solution, Raam P. Gokhale
The Two Envelopes Problem: A 'Back Of The Envelope' Solution, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
We give a simple solution of the two envelopes problem by considering an alternate situation to which the problem’s expectation formula more properly applies. The flaw in reasoning in the original problem is apparent once the difference in the two problems is examined.
Resolution Of Grue Using A Support Measure, Raam P. Gokhale
Resolution Of Grue Using A Support Measure, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
Goodman’s grue paradox is unassailable if we hold that instances confirm generalizations, for the evidence at hand is both an instance of ‘All emeralds are green’ and ‘All emeralds are grue’. But if we consider what bearing the denials of the two hypotheses have on the evidence, a very different picture emerges. This paper argues that the denial of ‘All emeralds are grue’ is more positively relevant to the evidence to date than the denial of ‘All emeralds are green’ is to the evidence and that therefore ‘All emeralds are green’ is better supported by the evidence than ‘All emeralds …
Morphogrammatics Of Reflection, Rudolf Kaehr
Morphogrammatics Of Reflection, Rudolf Kaehr
Rudolf Kaehr
Turning back from the studies of morphogrammatics to some open questions of reflectional programming, the recountered problematics might be put into a different light and new methods of handling formal aspects of reflection and reflectionality shall be introduced. Albeit the use of light-metaphors, morphogrammatic reflection is not sketched along the paradigm of optical metaphors. Morphograms are presenting neither propositions nor perceptions able for mirroring (representation). Exercises in defining morphogrammatic retro-grade recursion and reflection schemata are continued from the paper “Sketches to Morphogrammatic Programming”.
Know Thyself, Raam P. Gokhale
Know Thyself, Raam P. Gokhale
Raam P Gokhale
An Imagined Dialog on Eastern and Western Philosophy and the Nature of Knowledge
Memristics: Memristors, Again? – Part Ii, How To Transform Wired ‘Translations’ Between Crossbars Into Interactions?, Rudolf Kaehr
Memristics: Memristors, Again? – Part Ii, How To Transform Wired ‘Translations’ Between Crossbars Into Interactions?, Rudolf Kaehr
Rudolf Kaehr
The idea behind this patchwork of conceptual interventions is to show the possibility of a “buffer-free” modeling of the crossbar architecture for memristive systems on the base of a purely difference-theoretical approach. It is considered that on a nano-electronic level principles of interpretation appears as mechanisms of complementarity. The most basic conceptual approach to such a complementarity is introduced as an interchangeability of operators and operands of an operation. Therefore, the architecture of crossbars gets an interpretation as complementarity between crossbar functionality and “buffering” translation functionality. That is, the same matter functions as operator and at once, as operand – …
Memristics: Memristors, Again?, Rudolf Kaehr
Memristics: Memristors, Again?, Rudolf Kaehr
Rudolf Kaehr
This collection gives first and short critical reflections on the concepts of memristics, memristors and memristive systems and the history of similar movements with an own focus on a possible interplay between memory and computing functions, at once, at the same place and time, to achieve a new kind of complementarity between computation and memory on a single chip without retarding buffering conditions.
Opinion Polls And Presidential Campaign In Colombia, Fernando Estrada
Opinion Polls And Presidential Campaign In Colombia, Fernando Estrada
Fernando Estrada
The polls, these surveys do not withstand any rigorous testing. And contrary to expand the formation of public opinion, impaired. To overcome this defect should propose means fewer surveys and more discussions. Presidential campaigns should seek democratic enlargement, and a less massive media exposure to foot the surveys. Simplify
Reconstruction Of Concept Of Paradigm In Thomas S. Kuhn, Fernando Estrada
Reconstruction Of Concept Of Paradigm In Thomas S. Kuhn, Fernando Estrada
Fernando Estrada
This article aims to discuss an evaluation of the concept of paradigm of T. Kuhn in his representative work: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions ERC, [Ku96] and the complementary version by W. Stegmüller, Structure and dynamics of theories EDT, [Steg83]. This refined interpretation of the concept of paradigm allows for a more complete set of central Kuhnian concept.