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2017

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Articles 961 - 990 of 994

Full-Text Articles in Philosophy

Battlefish Contention, Sean Allen-Hermanson Jan 2017

Battlefish Contention, Sean Allen-Hermanson

Animal Sentience

Contrary to Woodruff’s suggestion, investigations into possible reasoning capacities of cichlid fighting fish and trace memory in goldfish do not support claims about sentience. This is disputed by research results about learning and implicit processing, sleep, vegetative states, amnesia, semantic priming, artificial network modeling, and even insects. A novel, deflationary, interpretation of Grosenick et al.'s experiments on A. burtoni is also offered.

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Philosophy Club Papers, 1996-2017, University Libraries, Lane Library Jan 2017

Philosophy Club Papers, 1996-2017, University Libraries, Lane Library

Finding Aids

The collection includes founding documents, fiscal records, student and faculty publications and periodicals, social fliers, photographs, and letters of Armstrong State University’s Philosophy Club. The records are divided into five binders; binder one (1996-1997)) includes the club’s constitution, newsletters, mailing lists, meeting calendars, fundraiser information, fiscal records, and issues of The Philosopher's Stone from various years; binder two (1996-1997) includes photographs, social fliers, and issues of The Philosopher’s Stone; binder three (1997-1998) includes letters, event fliers, and issues of The Philosopher’s Stone; binder four (2003-2004) includes magazine and newspaper articles and pictures, and issues of The Philosopher’s stone; binder five …

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Saving The Physics Ii: Who Needs To Be Saved? It Depends On Your Metaphysics, Menas Kafatos Jan 2017

Saving The Physics Ii: Who Needs To Be Saved? It Depends On Your Metaphysics, Menas Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Physics does not need to be saved. If anything, physics was rescued in the early twentieth century with the advancement of both the theories of relativity and quantum mechanics. What needs to be saved is our world outlook or metaphysics because how a society acts and develops depends on what its belief systems are. Here we explore how a new metaphysics where consciousness is fundamental might just be what modern societies need.

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Intention And Value, Joseph Raz Jan 2017

Intention And Value, Joseph Raz

Faculty Scholarship

In previous writings, I joined those who take the view that action with an intention is an action for (what the agent takes to be) a reason, where whatever value there is in the action is a reason for it. This paper sketches the role of reasons and intentions in leading to action with an intention. Section 1 explains that though belief in the value of the intended action is not an essential constituent of intentions, nevertheless when humans act with an intention they act in the belief that there is value in the action. Section 2 explains the relative …

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Freedman On Machiavelli, Philip C. Bobbitt Jan 2017

Freedman On Machiavelli, Philip C. Bobbitt

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter links Freedman’s work to that of Niccolò Machiavelli through constructivist realism, which is an apposite term for the two thinkers, as the unchanging sense of human nature interacts with ever changing context, and humans have to adapt to new circumstances, but with the limitations imposed on them both by themselves or situations. Despite their biographical parallels, it is the similarities and complementarities in their thinking that are more profound reasons to associate them. Both wrestle with the challenge of understanding the ways and the extent to which it is possible to anticipate and to shape the future to …

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Causation, Probability, And The Continuity Bind, Anthony F. Peressini Jan 2017

Causation, Probability, And The Continuity Bind, Anthony F. Peressini

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

Analyses of singular (token-level) causation often make use of the idea that a cause increases the probability of its effect. Of particular salience in such accounts are the values of the probability function of the effect, conditional on the presence and absence of the putative cause, analysed around the times of the events in question: causes are characterized by the effect’s probability function being greater when conditionalized upon them. Put this way, it becomes clearer that the ‘behaviour’ (continuity) of probability functions in small intervals about the times in question ought to be of concern. In this article, I make …

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Kant After Kant: The Indispensible Philosopher, Michael Vater Jan 2017

Kant After Kant: The Indispensible Philosopher, Michael Vater

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Trilogy Of Science: Filling The Knowledge Management Gap With Knowledge Science And Theory, Anthony Shawn Bates Jan 2017

The Trilogy Of Science: Filling The Knowledge Management Gap With Knowledge Science And Theory, Anthony Shawn Bates

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The international knowledge management field has different ways of investigating, developing, believing, and studying knowledge management. Knowledge management (KM) is distinguished deductively by know-how, and its intangible nature establishes different approaches to KM concepts, practices, and developments. Exploratory research and theoretical principles have formed functional intelligences from 1896 to 2013, leading to a knowledge management knowledge science (KMKS) concept that derived a grounded theory of knowledge activity (KAT). This study addressed the impact of knowledge production problems on KM practice. The purpose of this qualitative meta-analysis study was to fit KM practice within the framework of knowledge science (KS) study. …

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Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Financial Performance, Christopher Lim Jan 2017

Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Financial Performance, Christopher Lim

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Consumers are demanding that corporations become more socially responsible. Executives are challenged to maximize shareholders' returns with achieving a favorable corporate citizen status. The research problem was a gap in knowledge and understanding of the impact of corporate social responsibility on financial performance. This study used multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between key indicators of corporate social responsibility and financial performance from 372 corporations in the S&P500 in 2014. The theoretical foundation was Freeman's stakeholder theory. Environment, community, human rights, diversity, employee relations, product quality, and corporate governance were measures of social performance. Return on assets was used …

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Clergy Academic Management Training In Non-Denominational Faith-Based Organizations, Patricia Anne Jenks-Greene Jan 2017

Clergy Academic Management Training In Non-Denominational Faith-Based Organizations, Patricia Anne Jenks-Greene

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is little research about how clerics manage and lead small to midsized non-denominational nonprofit organizations. The rate of clergy failures in non-denominational organizations has left many questions about what is needed to create organizational success. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of clergy manager-leaders' management training in non-denominational organizations. Fourteen full-time clerics from Bloomingdale, Georgia, Rincon, Georgia, and Savannah, Georgia participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The data analysis process involved the use of Edward and Welch's extension of Colaizzi's data analysis procedures, which resulted in the emergence of 4 themes. …

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Development Of A Guideline For Hospice Staff, Patients, And Families On Appropriate Opioid Use, Trenika Alexander-Goreá Jan 2017

Development Of A Guideline For Hospice Staff, Patients, And Families On Appropriate Opioid Use, Trenika Alexander-Goreá

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is an identified problem with patients receiving suboptimal pain management at a hospice agency in the northwestern United States. At this agency, undertreatment of pain is prevalent. Evidence indicates that this may be a result of a lack of guidelines, education, and knowledge of appropriate prescribing. Known barriers to the correct prescription and administration of potent opioids in the hospice setting include prevailing beliefs, knowledge, skills, and attitudes, all of which can impact care negatively. Contextually, hospice principles mandate patient comfort and caregiver involvement in continuous quality improvement, which includes adequate and informed pain management. Moreover, hospice metrics demand …

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Rhapsode Metaphor: Understanding The Student-Teacher Relationship In Philosophy For Children, Ryan Dougherty Jan 2017

Rhapsode Metaphor: Understanding The Student-Teacher Relationship In Philosophy For Children, Ryan Dougherty

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines some of the different kinds of metaphors employed in our pedagogical practices. By using the Four Pillars of Philosophy for Children, an alternative metaphor for teaching philosophy is put forth as a viable alternative to the traditional options. This is what we can reasonably call the Rhapsode Metaphor.

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Trust In Union Leaders And Decline In Union Membership, Seth Ellery Francois Jan 2017

Trust In Union Leaders And Decline In Union Membership, Seth Ellery Francois

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As of 2015, public opinion of the ethical and honesty standards of labor union leaders was low, with 36% of the public reporting a low or very low rating, and only 18% reporting high or very high ratings. Grounded in leadership behavioral theory, the purpose of this correlation study was to examine the relationship between union members' perceptions of union leadership consideration, union members' perceptions of leadership initiation of structure, and union members' perceptions of leadership trust. Forty-four union members completed a brief demographic survey, the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire XII, and the Trust and Employee Satisfaction Survey. The results …

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Away With Green Aesthetics!, Mateusz Salwa Jan 2017

Away With Green Aesthetics!, Mateusz Salwa

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

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Experience, Knowledge, And Appreciation In The Implicit Aesthetics Of Weather Lore, Mădălina Diaconu Jan 2017

Experience, Knowledge, And Appreciation In The Implicit Aesthetics Of Weather Lore, Mădălina Diaconu

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

[1] Weather sayings are empirical rules for the prediction of weather and have been studied, so far, only by paremiologists and meteorologists. The author argues that they also present interest for environmental aesthetics, and that their aesthetic dimension is not confined to their stylistic qualities and versified form but is mainly based on the experience that underlies them. The analyses of weather lore in English, French, and German emphasize that this pre-modern, expert knowledge produced and still can bring enjoyment and, conversely, that the sources of this aesthetic enjoyment are to a large extent cognitive, even if not scientific by …

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Everyday Aesthetics And Everyday Behavior, Ossi Naukkarinen Jan 2017

Everyday Aesthetics And Everyday Behavior, Ossi Naukkarinen

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This article addresses everyday aesthetics from the point of view of everyday behavior. I suggest that the ordinary daily interaction of people with each other is one of the most important areas of everyday aesthetics. I present an interpretation of the concepts of both the everyday and aesthetics, and argue that in the context of everyday social relationships, it is wise to understand everyday aesthetics in a way that emphasizes the very everydayness of aesthetics, not its opposite, namely non-everyday or extraordinary aesthetics. This does not mean that extraordinary aesthetics would not have its place in other contexts, but it …

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Autonomania: Music And Music Education From Mars, Thomas A. Regelski Jan 2017

Autonomania: Music And Music Education From Mars, Thomas A. Regelski

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Traditional aesthetic theory has posited an account of music, and the other arts, as autonomous of social meanings, relevance, and conditions. In the case of music, “absolute music” is sequestered from social and other roots that bring music into being in the first place. The typical claim, thus, is that classical music is music for its own sake, divorced from the many and highly evident social dimensions that it serves. It ignores all other genres of music, most of which are more appreciated than can be accounted for by the theory of autonomania. This aesthetic theory of music, one of …

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Material Blue, Justin Winkler Jan 2017

Material Blue, Justin Winkler

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In the 1780s, de Saussure invented the cyanometer that was subsequently used by Humboldt on his research travels. It served to determine the blueness of the sky at various altitudes. This article examines the research context in which this device was used and seeks to trace an underlying aisthesis materialis (Barck). I raise the question whether this recourse to a supposed pre–art theory and aesthetic practice can help establish a better concept of the everyday aesthetics to come.

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Internal Controls Possessed By Small Business Owners, Stephanie Weiss Jan 2017

Internal Controls Possessed By Small Business Owners, Stephanie Weiss

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

On average, a small business could lose $150,000 a year due to employee fraud schemes. For most of the small businesses affected by employee fraud schemes, the average $150,000 loss could be detrimental to the small business, causing the business to close. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the internal controls small business owners apply to detect and prevent fraud from occurring in the business. The population for the study consisted of 3 small business owners located in Hartsville, South Carolina who implemented effective internal fraud controls in their business. The conceptual framework guiding the study …

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"Hail Mary, Full Of Haze": Physicalism And The Knowledge Argument, Jesse R. Powell Jan 2017

"Hail Mary, Full Of Haze": Physicalism And The Knowledge Argument, Jesse R. Powell

Honors College Theses

This project aims to provide a clear and compelling reason for rejecting dualism with respect to the mind, by undermining the support dualist positions receive from so-called knowledge arguments. In particular, I will show the error present in the many forms of what is variously called the “Mary’s Room” or “Mary the Brilliant Color Scientist” thought experiment.

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Character Luck And Moral Responsibility: The Character Of The Ordinary Person In Aristotle's Rhetoric And Politics, Marcella Linn Jan 2017

Character Luck And Moral Responsibility: The Character Of The Ordinary Person In Aristotle's Rhetoric And Politics, Marcella Linn

Dissertations

There are many significant factors, such as one’s natural temperaments and upbringing, that are outside of one’s control and affect one’s character. This calls into question one’s responsibility for one’s character, and if we are not responsible for our characters, then it seems we cannot be held responsible for the many actions that stem from them. I will show how a person can be responsible for her character and actions stemming from it despite the pervasiveness of character luck. To do this, I develop an account of character and responsibility from various passages in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Rhetoric, and Politics. …

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Aging Well In 21st Century America: Towards A Theological Ethics Of Aging, Chrisitan Cintron Jan 2017

Aging Well In 21st Century America: Towards A Theological Ethics Of Aging, Chrisitan Cintron

Dissertations

As Third Agers transition into life after work they are faced with a renewed challenge, living the good life. The normative images emanating from the social and cultural landscape allow Third Agers to either envision and live their new life, or adopt a course set out for them. These new lives require a re-discovery and re-defining of the self, a reinterpretation of one's role in society, and relationship to others. As with other phases of life, individuals need guidance when confronted with images of living well that are contradictory or perhaps antithetical to what they imagined for themselves. Various social …

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Narrative Medicine And Health Care Ethics: Religious And Literary Approaches To Patient Identity And Clinical Practice, Tara Flanagan Tracy Jan 2017

Narrative Medicine And Health Care Ethics: Religious And Literary Approaches To Patient Identity And Clinical Practice, Tara Flanagan Tracy

Dissertations

This dissertation examines practices of narrative medicine and moral identity for end-of-life patients, with special attention given to Aristotle's Poetics and the work of Paul Ricoeur. While noting the genuine value of narrative medicine for clinicians, I examine the limits of self-narration for patients who are unable to offer a linear, coherent narrative of their lives due to cognitive deficits such as Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, the premise of narrative medicine, that being a close reader of texts can develop the ability to attend closely to patients, remains useful. When the sources used in narrative medicine are expanded to include those …

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The Master And The Midwife: Levinas And Plato On Teaching, Rebecca Glenn Scott Jan 2017

The Master And The Midwife: Levinas And Plato On Teaching, Rebecca Glenn Scott

Dissertations

In this dissertation, I examine the concept of teaching as it appears in the work of Emmanuel Levinas. In particular, I show how Levinas's notion of teaching arises out of both a retrieval and a critique of Platonic thought. On the one hand, Levinas embraces the transcendence of Platonism, but at the same time, he is often quite critical of Socratic education. I argue, contrary to Levinas, that Socratic education is, in fact, consonant with Levinas's philosophy, particularly when we recognize that Levinas's notion of a primordial teaching must involve a relation both with "absolute" alterity and with what he …

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Being Wise Before Wisdom: The Historical Development Of Phronēsis From Homer To Aristotle, And Its Consequences For Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutic Ethics, Giancarlo Tarantino Jan 2017

Being Wise Before Wisdom: The Historical Development Of Phronēsis From Homer To Aristotle, And Its Consequences For Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutic Ethics, Giancarlo Tarantino

Dissertations

Hans-Georg Gadamer claims that the Aristotelian concept of "phronesis" or "practical wisdom" plays a decisive role throughout the process of interpretation and understanding. Scholars have often been divided over just what this means or entails for hermeneutics. This dissertation argues for a strongly ethical reading of Gadamer's claim, based on (1) a Gadamerian view of the nature of concepts and conceptuality, and (2) an historical reconstruction of the development of phronesis from Homer to Aristotle. Recovering forgotten and underappreciated historical features of phronesis allows for a critical revaluation of Gadamer's philosophy as a whole, including the outlines of an "emotionally …

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Spiritual Journeys: A Study Of Ifá /Òrìṣà Practitioners In The United States Initiated In Nigeria, Tony Van Der Meer Jan 2017

Spiritual Journeys: A Study Of Ifá /Òrìṣà Practitioners In The United States Initiated In Nigeria, Tony Van Der Meer

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The purpose of this study is to understand the culture of one of the newest branches of traditional Yorùbá Ifá/Òrìṣà practice in the United States from practitioners born in the United States that were initiated in Nigeria, West Africa.The epistemology of the Ifá/Òrìṣà belief system in the United States has been based on the history and influence of Regla de Ocha or Santeria that developed out of Cuban innovation and practice.This is an ethnographic and auto-ethnographic study that pulls from participant observation, field notes, interviews, and photos as data.The central question of this dissertation is what are the challenges and …

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Inclusive Leadership's Evolving Context: Organizational Climate And Culture Connect, Maria E. Dezenberg Jan 2017

Inclusive Leadership's Evolving Context: Organizational Climate And Culture Connect, Maria E. Dezenberg

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Conventional forms of leadership that are prominent in organizational life today are seemingly antithetical to the landscape of our dynamic, global society. The continued focus on traditional hierarchies with leadership that functions in a “chain of command” manner begs the question of how organizations can reshape routines and relationships to reflect processes of inclusion and collaboration that have the capability of provoking progressive change in organizations. Diversity and Inclusion scholars have identified the newer construct of inclusive leadership as apt to advance climates and cultures of inclusion through social processes that encourage inclusive practices and behaviors. These fluid aspects of …

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A Poetics Of Food In The Bahamas: Intentional Journeys Through Food, Consciousness, And The Aesthetic Of Everyday Life, Hilary B. Booker Jan 2017

A Poetics Of Food In The Bahamas: Intentional Journeys Through Food, Consciousness, And The Aesthetic Of Everyday Life, Hilary B. Booker

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This research explores intentional food practices and journeys of consciousness in a network of people in The Bahamas. Intentional food practices are defined as interactions with food chosen for particular purposes, while journeys of consciousness are cumulative successions of events that people associate with healing, restoration, and decolonization personally and collectively. This research examines (1) experiences and moments that influenced people’s intentional food practices; (2) food practices that people enact daily; and (3) how people’s intentional food practices connect to broader spiritual, philosophical, and ideological perspectives guiding their lives. The theoretical framework emerges from a specific lineage of theories and …

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Psychology's Struggle To Locate A Moral Vision In A Value-Neutral Framework: A Hermeneutic Perspective On Standard 3.05 Of The Apa Ethics Code, Tammera M. Cooke Jan 2017

Psychology's Struggle To Locate A Moral Vision In A Value-Neutral Framework: A Hermeneutic Perspective On Standard 3.05 Of The Apa Ethics Code, Tammera M. Cooke

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This research followed hermeneutic tradition by examining what is often unquestioned in clinical practice as it pertains to the moral, political, and philosophical foundations that underlie the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (2002, 2010) and Standard 3.05, Multiple Relationships—it’s meanings and controversies. It did so in order to better understand the cultural influences reflected in and the political consequences that emanate from the Ethics Code. Data for this study were collected via semi-structured qualitative interviews with two American psychologists who lived in Washington State, experienced living and working in rural communities, and had …

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แนวคิดของลูชาโน ฟลอริดิ เรื่อง ความเป็นจริงในฐานะสารสนเทศ, เจิด บรรดาศักดิ์ Jan 2017

แนวคิดของลูชาโน ฟลอริดิ เรื่อง ความเป็นจริงในฐานะสารสนเทศ, เจิด บรรดาศักดิ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ลูชาโน ฟลอริดิ(Luciano Floridi) เสนอแนวคิดที่เรียกว่าปรัชญาสารสนเทศ. ปรัชญาสารสนเทศนี้เป็นแนวคิดที่ถกเถียงกับทฤษฎีการสื่อสารหรือทฤษฎีสารสนเทศแบบคณิตศาสตร์ซึ่งเป็นแนวคิดที่มองว่าสารสนเทศคือหน่วยของข้อความในระบบการสื่อสาร. แต่สำหรับฟลอริดิแล้ว ปรัชญาสารสนเทศนี้เป็นการพิจารณาสารสนเทศในฐานะมโนทัศน์พื้นฐานทางปรัชญา(Philosophia Prima). ประเด็นสำคัญสำหรับปรัชญาสารสนเทศในฐานะมโนทัศน์ทางปรัชญาก็คือ สารสนเทศเป็นองค์ประกอบของการอ้างความรู้ เพราะว่าการได้รับสารสนเทศที่เป็นจริงถือเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของเหตุผลสนับสนุนความเชื่อ(Justified Belief). และข้อเสนอสำคัญในปรัชญาสารสนเทศของฟลอริดิคือแนวคิดเรื่องสัจนิยมแบบโครงสร้างสารสนเทศ กล่าวคือ สารสนเทศเป็นโครงสร้างการอธิบายความเป็นจริง. สัจนิยมแบบโครงสร้างสารสนเทศจึงถือเป็นข้อเสนอทางอภิปรัชญาผ่านแนวคิดปรัชญาสารสนเทศ. วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้จะทำการศึกษาประเด็นอภิปรัชญาในปรัชญาสารสนเทศของฟลอริดิ และเสนอเหตุผลปกป้องปรัชญาสารสนเทศของฟลอริดิจากข้อโต้แย้งของนักปรัชญาท่านอื่นๆ. และผู้วิจัยจะแสดงให้เห็นปัญหาของปรัชญาสารสนเทศของฟลอริดินั่นก็คือ ปัญหาระดับชั้นทางญาณวิทยา จากนั้นผู้วิจัยได้เสนอแนวทางหลีกเลี่ยงปัญหาระดับชั้นทางญาณวิทยาด้วยแนวคิดมุมมองอัตวิสัยและวัตถุวิสัยของจิตสำนึกในแนวคิดของธอมัส เนเกล(Thomas Nagel). มุมมองอัตวิสัยและวัตถุวิสัยของจิตสำนึกคือการถอยออกมาจากมุมมองอัตวิสัยแล้วพิจารณามุมมองเดิมเป็นวัตถุของจิตสำนึก ซึ่งการถอยออกจากมุมมองเดิมนี้ทำให้เห็นความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างมุมมองเดิมกับโลก. การมองเห็นความสัมพันธ์ของมุมมองเดิมกับโลกจะทำให้เกิดการประเมินมุมมองของตนเองและหลีกเลี่ยงปัญหาระดับชั้นทางญาณวิทยาได้

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