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Articles 361 - 390 of 607
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy
Concepts Of Pornography: Aesthetics, Feminism, And Methodology, Andrew Kania
Concepts Of Pornography: Aesthetics, Feminism, And Methodology, Andrew Kania
Philosophy Faculty Research
There are two broadly philosophical literatures on pornography. By far the largest is concerned with moral issues raised by pornography. This literature falls into two phases. The first phase comprises the debate between moral conservatives, who objected to pornography on the grounds of its explicit sexual nature, and liberals, who defended pornography on grounds of something like freedom of speech or expression. Though this debate is not stone cold, the liberals seem to have won it. However, it has been largely replaced by a different one between feminists who object to pornography on the basis that it contributes to the …
The Recovery Of Archaic Truth In Literature: Light And Darkness In The Perception Of Space In The Human Imagination, Lawrence Kimmel
The Recovery Of Archaic Truth In Literature: Light And Darkness In The Perception Of Space In The Human Imagination, Lawrence Kimmel
Philosophy Faculty Research
While the appeal of both inner and outer space of world and consciousness presents an inexhaustible source for the artist and writer, primitive memories remain in the archaic makeup of human beings that continue to haunt as well as enchant the human mind. The archaic mind is evident not only in the once-upon-a-time of fairy tales, but in the acute awareness of existence itself—the closest we can get to the first order experience of the human creature to the wonder and terror of its birthing reality. This essay considers both ancient myth and reflective imagination in the work of modern …
Combinatorial-State Automata And Models Of Computation, Curtis Brown
Combinatorial-State Automata And Models Of Computation, Curtis Brown
Philosophy Faculty Research
David Chalmers has defended an account of what it is for a physical system to implement a computation. The account appeals to the idea of a “combinatorial-state automaton” or CSA. It is not entirely clear whether Chalmers intends the CSA to be a full-blown computational model, or merely a convenient formalism into which instances of other models can be translated. I argue that the CSA is not a computational model in the usual sense because CSAs do not perspicuously represent algorithms, and because they are too powerful both in that they can perform any computation in a single step and …
Practical Objectivity: Keeping Natural Science Natural, Alan G. Padgett
Practical Objectivity: Keeping Natural Science Natural, Alan G. Padgett
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Catholic Core Curriculum, Richard Liddy
A Catholic Core Curriculum, Richard Liddy
Department of Religion Publications
No abstract provided.
On The Violence Of Systemic Violence: A Critique Of Slavoj Žižek, Harry Van Der Linden
On The Violence Of Systemic Violence: A Critique Of Slavoj Žižek, Harry Van Der Linden
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
This paper questions the extension of the common notion of violence, i.e., “subjective violence,” involving the intentional use of force to inflict injury or damage, towards social injustice as “systemic violence.” Systemic violence is altogether unlike subjective violence and the work of Slavoj Žižek illustrates that conceptual obfuscation in this regard may lead to an overly broad and facile justification of revolutionary violence as counter-violence to systemic violence, appealing to the ethics of self-defense. I argue that revolutionary violence is only justified to counter subjective violence inflicted or organized by the state. Thus I reject in conclusion Žižek’s further defense …
Geworfenheit Und Prometheische Scham Im Zeitalter Der Transhumanen Kybernetik Technik Und Machenschaft Bei Martin Heidegger, Fritz Lang Und Günther Anders, Babette Babich
Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections
Untersucht werden soll hier die Wirkung Heideggers auf Günther Anders. Dabei spiegelt Anders eine ganze Etappe Wirkungsgeschichte, denn er war Schüler von Husserl sowie von Paul Tillich – und zudem, vielleicht am wichtigsten, weil diese Beziehung die schwierigste ist, auch von Theodor W. Adorno.2 Günther Anders, der damals noch Günther Stern hieß, könnte eigentlich als eine Art Verkörperung der Phänomenologie gelten, war doch gerade er sowohl hermeneutisch geschult als auch ein früher Anhänger der Frankfurter Schule – als beide noch in anfänglichem Glanz und Fülle strahlten. Eigentlich aber reden wir gar nicht über Heidegger und seine Schüler, außer in der …
Martin Heidegger On Günther Anders And Technology: On Ray Kurzweil, Fritz Lang, And Transhumanism, Babette Babich
Martin Heidegger On Günther Anders And Technology: On Ray Kurzweil, Fritz Lang, And Transhumanism, Babette Babich
Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections
No abstract provided.
Kant's Argument From The Applicability Of Geometry, Waldemar Rohloff
Kant's Argument From The Applicability Of Geometry, Waldemar Rohloff
Philosophy Faculty Works
In this paper I develop a reading of Kant's argument from geometry based on distinguishing the roles of pure versus applied geometry. Once these roles are properly distinguished, I argue that the argument from geometry is not susceptible to the problems concerning the development and applications of non-Euclidean geometry, which are often thought to undermine the argument.
Review: Intelligent Virtue, Audrey L. Anton
Review: Intelligent Virtue, Audrey L. Anton
Philosophy & Religion Faculty Publications
Julia Annas' book, Intelligent Virtue, provides the reader a novel account of the nature of virtue, practical reasoning, and flourishing. Throughout the book, Annas presents her account in a gradual manner with each chapter building on the next. Annas periodically presents and argues against potential objections to her view. Suitable for the interested undergraduate non-philosophy major, this book could also serve the curiosities of the most elite professors. While none of the chapters of the book stands well alone, the fluid writing style and helpful examples make the 176-page work an easy read. At the end of each chapter, the …
Phenomenological Theories Of Crime, Peter K. Manning, Michael W. Raphael
Phenomenological Theories Of Crime, Peter K. Manning, Michael W. Raphael
Graduate Student Publications and Research
The distinctive aspect of phenomenological theories of crime is that they are based upon a stated epistemology: how things are known and a specific ontology—the nature of social reality. This specificity aligns itself with neo-Kantian concern with forms of knowing, interpretation, and meaning, as well as with 20th-century concern with perception, cognition, and the framing of events. While there are influences of phenomenological thinking on varieties of theorizing, such as symbolic interactionism, critical theory, queer theory, and gender-based theories of crime, these ideas are refractions and are inconsistent in their reference to and understanding of the foundational phenomenological works. A …
Values And Beliefs: A Pragmatist Critique Of Moral Nihilism, J.P. Weismuller
Values And Beliefs: A Pragmatist Critique Of Moral Nihilism, J.P. Weismuller
Philosophy Honors Projects
Moral nihilism maintains that value judgments cannot be justified. In this paper I argue against two prominent nihilistic theories: error theory and expressivism. First I present a meta-valuation thesis, which holds that it would be more valuable if at least some value judgments were justified. Second I argue for a value-justification thesis, which holds that the greater value of value-justifying theories warrants a rejection of nihilistic theories. This latter thesis requires a pragmatist premise: justified beliefs are the most valuable of possible beliefs. With this premise and a critique of meta-ethical theory choice, I argue that meta-ethical justification proceeds …
The Problem Of Debt-For-Nature Swaps From A Human Rights Perspective, Nicole Hassoun
The Problem Of Debt-For-Nature Swaps From A Human Rights Perspective, Nicole Hassoun
Philosophy Faculty Scholarship
At first blush, debt-for-nature swaps seem to provide win-win solutions to the looming problems of environmental degradation and extreme poverty. So, one might naturally assume that they are morally permissible, if not obligatory. This article will argue, however, that debt-for-nature swaps are sometimes morally questionable, if not morally impermissible. It suggests that some criticisms of traditional (economic) conditions placed on loans to poor countries also apply to the (environmental) conditionality implicit in such swaps. The article's main theoretical contribution is to suggest a general argumentative strategy for posing a challenge to the moral acceptability of many seemingly innocuous, or even …
Global Health Impact: A Basis For Labeling And Licensing Campaigns?, Nicole Hassoun
Global Health Impact: A Basis For Labeling And Licensing Campaigns?, Nicole Hassoun
Philosophy Faculty Scholarship
Most of the world's health problems afflict poor countries and their poorest inhabitants. There are many reasons why so many people die of poverty-related causes. One reason is that the poor cannot access many of the existing drugs and technologies they need. Another, is that little of the research and development (R&D) done on new drugs and technologies benefits the poor. There are several proposals on the table that might incentivize pharmaceutical companies to extend access to essential drugs and technologies to the global poor.1 Still, the problem remains – the poor are suffering and dying from lack of …
Taking The “Pest” Out Of Pest Control: Humaneness And Wildlife Damage Management, John Hadidian
Taking The “Pest” Out Of Pest Control: Humaneness And Wildlife Damage Management, John Hadidian
Attitudes Towards Animals Collection
Humans have been in the pest control business for a long time. At least 3 major foci of pest control activity currently can be found in governmental and private sectors, with private services focused on both traditional commensal rodent work as well as the more recent control of “nuisance” wildlife in cities and towns. Beyond the traditional approaches and techniques historically employed, animal damage managers are increasingly faced with the challenge of addressing the social context within which their work occurs. An ever-increasing variety of stakeholders have brought new concerns, new thinking, and new approaches to the table in a …
Worrying The Line: Blues As Story, Song, And Prayer, Kimberly R. Connor
Worrying The Line: Blues As Story, Song, And Prayer, Kimberly R. Connor
Public and Nonprofit Administration
No abstract provided.
Who Killed Lycidas?: Lycidas And The Spanish Tragedy, Clay Daniel
Who Killed Lycidas?: Lycidas And The Spanish Tragedy, Clay Daniel
Quidditas
In Lycidas, the protagonist searches for an explanation for why his virtuous friend has mysteriously died in a cultural-political landscape of unpunished, thriving, official corruption. Though Renaissance pastoral sometimes inveighed against corrupt authorities, pastoral elegy did not. What models, then, other than the Bible, would Milton have had for the swain’s search? Milton’s headnote calls his poem a monody, which within a literary context primarily is a speech in Greek tragedy. Milton then invites us to read the poem within a dramatic context. But which dramatic context? The Book of Revelation of course is one these contexts. But contemporary …
Libertas Philosophandi And Freedom Of Mind In Spinoza’S Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, J. Thomas Cook
Libertas Philosophandi And Freedom Of Mind In Spinoza’S Tractatus Theologico-Politicus, J. Thomas Cook
Faculty Publications
Isaiah Berlin famously distinguished between “negative” and “positive” liberty, arguing that in practice the two are often in tension with each other. This paper uses Berlin’s distinction to analyze Spinoza’s discussion of freedom in the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus. Libertas philosophandi is Spinoza’s shorthand for freedom of thought and expression – an important element in traditional liberal (“negative”) freedom. The TTP (as its subtitle announces) is devoted in great part to defending the value and importance of permitting such freedom in the state. But as commentators have often noted, Spinoza is reluctant to extend this liberty to the clerics of his …
The Parapraxis Of Translation, Roland K. Végső
The Parapraxis Of Translation, Roland K. Végső
Department of English: Faculty Publications
Within the context of politics and culture, provides a theoretic framework for the analysis of modern translation. Includes section titles, "The paradoxa of translation," "The pragmatics of translation," and "The truth of translation."
Sharp, Striano, And Oliverio (2012) Philosophy For Children: An Educational Path To Philosophy, Ann Margaret Sharp, Maura Striano, Stefano Oliverio
Sharp, Striano, And Oliverio (2012) Philosophy For Children: An Educational Path To Philosophy, Ann Margaret Sharp, Maura Striano, Stefano Oliverio
IAPC Written Histories
In this interview, Ann Margaret Sharp recounts her childhood, her love of reading, and her first teaching experience tutoring neighborhood children. She describes her college and university education and her teaching experience at Historically Black Colleges. She relates her career at Montclair State College / University and her co-founding of the Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children with Matthew Lipman. She discusses the need to translate academic philosophy for people outside the discipline, especially children.
Inexpressibility In Augustine’S Just War Theory: Lessons For Modern Warfare, Matt Beard
Inexpressibility In Augustine’S Just War Theory: Lessons For Modern Warfare, Matt Beard
Philosophy Conference Papers
St. Augustine's Just War Theory is relatively unique in the history of just war in that he relies heavily on Divine involvement in his doctrine of just war. God is the ultimate source of the justice of all wars, and his command is the source of justice for some wars. Furthermore, the authority of political leaders is also derived from God. This is problematic for Augustine's theory because it renders the causa justa of wars inexpressible to the subjects of the sovereign, who are forced to rely on the sovereign's (divinely originated) authority. Although these ideas may seem a long …
The Hyperspatial Self: Henry James And Posthuman Modalities, Christina Patsiokas
The Hyperspatial Self: Henry James And Posthuman Modalities, Christina Patsiokas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the era of computing and ubiquitous media, scholars across disciplines have been developing new models for how humans operate in complex environments. This line of inquiry can be bracketed under the larger term of posthuman thought. This thesis attempts to engage the critical and fictional work of Henry James with several posthumanist texts to challenge the temporal limitations of both. Against the backdrop of posthuman discourse, James emerges not as the cherished father of modernism but rather as a pioneer of distant territories far beyond the ways in which the modernist novel conceptualized the self and its consciousness. James …
Donald Davidson's Semantics: Radical Interpretation, Triangulation, And The Ambiguity Problem, Karen Duffy
Donald Davidson's Semantics: Radical Interpretation, Triangulation, And The Ambiguity Problem, Karen Duffy
Philosophy Student Work
Donald Davidson was one of the most prominent philosophers of the 20th century. His work is extensive, dense, and controversial. This paper seeks to look at one part of Davidson’s philosophy: his philosophy of language, and in particular, his ideas about meaning. My first aim in this project is to present Davidson’s proposals about meaning as a unified meaning theory – a theory that can specify the meaning of any expression in a language. This theory contains two major parts: the proposal that a properly constrained truth theory can serve as a meaning theory, and the process of radical interpretation, …
The Three-Fold Significance Of The Blaming Emotions, Zac Cogley
The Three-Fold Significance Of The Blaming Emotions, Zac Cogley
Publication
Much of the philosophical work on moral responsibility assumes that we should understand people’s moral responsibility for the actions they take in terms of the appropriateness of the blaming emotions—resentment, anger, and indignation. However, current theorizing about the blaming emotions is often psychologically uninformed. Drawing on work in empirical psychology, I have recently argued that anger serves three functions in human psychology: appraisal, motivation, and communication. In this project, I propose to extend that analysis to the entire class of blaming emotions. I will show that theorizing about moral responsibility is myopic if it focuses on one of the functions …
Nozick’S Defense Of Closure, Peter Baumann
Nozick’S Defense Of Closure, Peter Baumann
Philosophy Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Knowledge, Practical Reasoning And Action, Peter Baumann
Knowledge, Practical Reasoning And Action, Peter Baumann
Philosophy Faculty Works
Is knowledge necessary or sufficient or both necessary and sufficient for acceptable practical reasoning and rational action? Several authors (e.g., Williamson, Hawthorne, and Stanley) have recently argued that the answer to these questions is positive. In this paper I present several objections against this view (both in its basic form as well in more developed forms). I also offer a sketch of an alternative view: What matters for the acceptability of practical reasoning in at least many cases (and in all the cases discussed by the defenders of a strong link between knowledge and practical reasoning) is not so much …
On The Supposed Societies Of Chemicals, Atoms And Stars In Gabriel Tarde, Graham Harman
On The Supposed Societies Of Chemicals, Atoms And Stars In Gabriel Tarde, Graham Harman
Faculty Book Chapters
It is commonly believed that the French sociologist Gabriel Tarde allows even for inanimate objects such as chemicals, atoms, and stars to be topics of sociology. This article claims otherwise. Tarde is an arch-reductionist for whom nothing exists below the tiniest micro-level of the cosmos. His theory of monads is by no means an adequate sociology of medium- or large-sized things.
Crane Studies, Teaches The Philosophy Of Life, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Crane Studies, Teaches The Philosophy Of Life, Aldemaro Romero Jr.
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Introduction To The Semantics-Pragmatics Boundary In Philosophy, Maite Ezdurdia, Robert Stainton
Introduction To The Semantics-Pragmatics Boundary In Philosophy, Maite Ezdurdia, Robert Stainton
Philosophy Publications
An introductory survey of the nature and importance of the semantics-pragmatics boundary.
In Defense Of Public Languages, Robert Stainton
In Defense Of Public Languages, Robert Stainton
Philosophy Publications
My modest aim in this note is to sketch three interrelated critiques of public languages, and to respond to them. All allegedly support the same conclusion: that, insofar as they even exist, the study of public languages is not a viable scientific project. (Related critiques of semantics, understood as involving word-world relations, will be touched on as well.)