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Articles 91 - 120 of 237
Full-Text Articles in Philosophy
A People Of The Law: Review Of Kevin Butterfield’S "The Making Of Tocqueville’S Democracy In America: Law And Association In The Early United States", Christine Dunn Henderson
A People Of The Law: Review Of Kevin Butterfield’S "The Making Of Tocqueville’S Democracy In America: Law And Association In The Early United States", Christine Dunn Henderson
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In The Making of Tocqueville’s Democracy: Law and Association in the Early United States, Kevin Butterfield, assistant professor of classics and letters at the University of Oklahoma, focuses on the proliferation of associations in the formative years of the American republic. Butterfield’s concern, however, is slightly different from Tocqueville’s, in that Butterfield is less intrigued by the question of why associations proliferated and how they preserve freedom in a democratic age, and more focused upon how these associations were constituted and functioned in the early American context.
Patient-Relativity In Morality, Matthew Hammerton
Patient-Relativity In Morality, Matthew Hammerton
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
It is common to distinguish moral rules, reasons, or values that are agent-relative from those that are agent-neutral. One can also distinguish moral rules, reasons, or values that are moment-relative from those that are moment-neutral. In this article, I introduce a third distinction that stands alongside these two distinctions—the distinction between moral rules, reasons, or values that are patient-relative and those that are patient-neutral. I then show how patient-relativity plays an important role in several moral theories, gives us a better understanding of agent-relativity and moment-relativity, and provides a novel objection to Derek Parfit’s “appeal to full relativity” argument.
Wisdom: Understanding And The Good Life, Shane Ryan
Wisdom: Understanding And The Good Life, Shane Ryan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I argue that a necessary condition for being wise is: understanding how to live well. The condition, by requiring understanding rather than a wide variety of justified beliefs or knowledge, as Ryan and Whitcomb respectively require, yields the desirable result that being wise is compatible with having some false beliefs but not just any false beliefs about how to live well-regardless of whether those beliefs are justified or not. In arguing for understanding how to live well as a necessary condition for wisdom, I reject the view, proposed by both Ryan and Whitcomb, that subjects such as chemistry lies within …
There’S Nothing To Beat A Backward Clock: A Rejoinder To Adams, Barker And Clarke, John N. Williams
There’S Nothing To Beat A Backward Clock: A Rejoinder To Adams, Barker And Clarke, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Neil Sinhababu and I presented Backward Clock, anoriginal counterexample to Robert Nozick’s truth-tracking analysis ofpropositional knowledge. Fred Adams, John Barker and Murray Clarke argue that Backward Clock is no such counterexample. Theirargument fails to nullify Backward Clock whichalso shows that other tracking analyses, such as Dretske’s and one that Adams et al may well have in mind, are inadequate.
On How To Approach The Approach To Equilibrium, Joshua Luczak
On How To Approach The Approach To Equilibrium, Joshua Luczak
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article highlights the limitations of typicality accounts of thermodynamic behavior so as to promote an alternative line of research: understanding and accounting for the success of the techniques and equations physicists use to model the behavior of systems that begin away from equilibrium. This article also takes steps in this promising direction. It examines a technique commonly used to model the behavior of an important kind of system: a Brownian particle that has been introduced to an isolated fluid at equilibrium. It also accounts for the success of the model, by identifying and grounding the technique's key assumptions.
The Essential Meaning Of The Way And Virtue: Yan Zun And “Laozi Learning” In Early Han China, Alan Kam Leung Chan
The Essential Meaning Of The Way And Virtue: Yan Zun And “Laozi Learning” In Early Han China, Alan Kam Leung Chan
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
In a short essay written in 1924, Yang Shuda 楊樹達 called attention to the sig-nificant growth of “Laozi learning" (Laoxue 老學) during the Han period (206B.C. - A.D. 220).1 On the basis of biographical and bibliographical references inthe early dynastic histories especially, Yang identified some fi 仿 Han figures ashaving contributed to this development. The Laozi itself, according to one tradi-tion, was accorded the status of a “classic" (Jing經) during the reign of emperorJing 景(1 56-141 B.C.).2 While this claim is still open to debate , there is littledisagreement 血 at the title Daojng gained currency by the end of …
The Flourishing Of The Dao In Confucian And Daoist Learning: Introduction, Alan Kam Leung Chan
The Flourishing Of The Dao In Confucian And Daoist Learning: Introduction, Alan Kam Leung Chan
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
Central to both the Confucian and Daoist imagination, the concept of the Daocuts across partisan or sectarian divides. While open to diverse interpretations, itfurnishes a focus in the unfolding of Chinese thought. Extending beyond China,the concept has made its presence felt in Korea and Japan. Put another w 呵， thedevelopment of Confucianism and Daoism attests to the flourishing of the Dao inEast Asian culture.
Why Equality? Which Inequalities?, Sor-Hoon Tan
Why Equality? Which Inequalities?, Sor-Hoon Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article challenges the conventional view that Confucianism has no place for the value of equality by shifting the focus from direct justification of equality (Why equality?) to concerns about actual social and political problems (Which inequalities are objectionable?). From this perspective, early Confucian texts endorse some inequalities, in particular those based on virtue, while objecting to others, especially socioeconomic inequalities. Confucians do not consider equality or inequality as inherently valuable, but evaluate them in relation to issues of good government.
Does Xunzi’S Ethics Of Ritual Need A Metaphysics?, Sor-Hoon Tan
Does Xunzi’S Ethics Of Ritual Need A Metaphysics?, Sor-Hoon Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Contemporary philosophers working on Chinese Philosophy, Confucianism in particular, disagree about the status of metaphysics in early Confucianism. Some maintain that metaphysics are absent by pointing to the overwhelming emphasis on practical concerns – ethical and political – in the early Confucian texts. Others insist that even if there were no explicit metaphysical discussion or theorizing, metaphysical assumptions are inevitable. However do these assumptions point to one definite metaphysical system, or are they so vague and ambiguous that different mutually incompatible metaphysics could be constructed from them and attributed arbitrarily to the early Confucians? The latter situation would weaken the …
Still A New Problem For Defeasibility: A Rejoinder To Borges, John Nicholas Williams
Still A New Problem For Defeasibility: A Rejoinder To Borges, John Nicholas Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I gave a new objection to the defeasibility theory of knowledge, namely that prohibits you from knowing that you know that p if your knowledge that p is a posteriori. Rodrigo Borges claims that Peter Klein has already satisfactorily replied to a version of my objection. He attempts to defend this reply and argues that my objection fails because a principle on which it is based is false. I show that my objection is not a version of the old one that Klein attempts (unsatisfactorily) to address, that Borges’s defence of Klein’s reply fails and that his argument against my …
Comparative Resources: Continental Philosophy And Daoism, Steven Burik
Comparative Resources: Continental Philosophy And Daoism, Steven Burik
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I argue that continental philosophical resources are more appropriate for comparative philosophy regarding classical Daoism since they in various ways challenge the dominant metaphysical orientation of Western thought and give us a better and more appropriate vocabulary to make sense of important Daoist ideas within the confines of Western languages. Since classical Daoism is largely non-metaphysical or at least not metaphysical in the same way as the Western history of philosophy is, it makes sense that those within the Western tradition who have sought to displace the dominant metaphysical tradition would be more in tune with such non-metaphysical considerations. I …
Review Of Barry Allen, Vanishing Into Things: Knowledge In Chinese Tradition, Alan Kam Leung Chan
Review Of Barry Allen, Vanishing Into Things: Knowledge In Chinese Tradition, Alan Kam Leung Chan
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
Vanishing into Things: Knowledge in Chinese Tradition. By Barry Allen. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2015. Pp. viii + 289.This book is about conceptions of knowledge in Chinese philosophy, but it also does more than that. It raises new possibilities for comparative philosophy and points to ways in which philosophy as an academic discipline could be reinvigorated to help address the global challenges of the twenty-first century.
Skilful Reflection As An Epistemic Virtue, Chienkuo Mi, Shane Ryan
Skilful Reflection As An Epistemic Virtue, Chienkuo Mi, Shane Ryan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This paper advances the claim that skilful reflection is a master virtue in that skilful reflection shapes and corrects the other epistemic and intellectual virtues. We make the case that skilful reflection does this with both competence-based epistemic virtues and character-based intellectual virtues. In making the case that skilful reflection is a master virtue, we identify the roots of ideas central to our thesis in Confucian philosophy. In particular, we discuss the Confucian conception of reflection, as well as different levels of epistemic virtue. Next we set out the Dual Process Hypothesis of Reflection, which provides an explanation of the …
Sinologism: An Alternative To Orientalism And Postcolonialism, Steven Burik
Sinologism: An Alternative To Orientalism And Postcolonialism, Steven Burik
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
At the end of the book, Gu defines Sinologism as an undeclared but tacitly administered institutionalization of the ways of observing China from the perspective of Western epistemology that refuses, or is reluctant, to view China on its own terms, and of doing scholarship on Chinese materials and producing knowledge on Chinese civilization in terms of Western methodology that tends to disregard the real conditions of China and reduce the complexity of Chinese civilization into simplistic patterns of development modelled on those of the West. While comparative philosophers can sympathize with the idea that in the humanities and to a …
The Backward Clock, Truth-Tracking, And Safety, John N. Williams, Neil Sinhababu
The Backward Clock, Truth-Tracking, And Safety, John N. Williams, Neil Sinhababu
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We present Backward Clock, an original counterexample to Robert Nozick’s truth-tracking analysis of propositional knowledge, which works differently from other putative counterexamples and avoids objections to which they are vulnerable. We then argue that four ways of analyzing knowledge in terms of safety, including Duncan Pritchard’s, cannot withstand Backward Clock either.
Who’S The ‘We’ In ‘Our Whole Society', Justin Kh Tse
Who’S The ‘We’ In ‘Our Whole Society', Justin Kh Tse
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Not Knowing You Know: A New Objection To The Defeasibility Theory Of Knowledge, John N. Williams
Not Knowing You Know: A New Objection To The Defeasibility Theory Of Knowledge, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Foley (2012: 93–98) and Turri (2012: 215–19) have recently given objections to the defeasibility theory of propositional knowledge. Here, I give an objection of a quite different stripe by looking at what the theory must say about knowing that you know. I end with some remarks on how this objection relates to rival theories and how this might be a worry for some of these.
Eliminativism, Dialetheism And Moore's Paradox, John N. Williams
Eliminativism, Dialetheism And Moore's Paradox, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
John Turri gives an example that he thinks refutes what he takes to be “G. E. Moore's view” that omissive assertions such as “It is raining but I do not believe that it is raining” are “inherently ‘absurd'”. This is that of Ellie, an eliminativist who makes such assertions. Turri thinks that these are perfectly reasonable and not even absurd. Nor does she seem irrational if the sincerity of her assertion requires her to believe its content. A commissive counterpart of Ellie is Di, a dialetheist who asserts or believes that: Since any adequate explanation of Moore's paradox must handle …
Moore's Paradox In Speech: A Critical Survey, John N. Williams
Moore's Paradox In Speech: A Critical Survey, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
It is raining but you don't believe that it is raining. Imagine accepting this claim. Then you are committed to saying ‘It is raining but I don't believe that it is raining’. This would be an ‘absurd’ thing to claim or assert, yet what you say might be true. It might be raining, while at the same time, you are completely ignorant of the state of the weather. But how can it be absurd of you to assert something about yourself that might be true of you? This is Moore's paradox as it occurs in speech. What is the source …
Invaluable Justice: Heidegger, Derrida, And Daoism On Thinking Of Values And Justice, Steven Burik
Invaluable Justice: Heidegger, Derrida, And Daoism On Thinking Of Values And Justice, Steven Burik
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
What can comparative philosophy contribute to thinking about values, economics, and justice? Can we apply philosophy in general, and comparative philosophy in particular, to these problems directly? Martin Heidegger, one of the protagonists of this article, has on occasion made it clear that philosophy is literally “useless” and so let me start with one of my favourite Heidegger quotes, to give the reader an indication of what this paper tries to think: “philosophy … cannot be directly applied, or judged by its usefulness in the manner of economic or other professional knowledge. But what is useless can still be a …
Moore's Paradox In Thought: A Critical Survey, John N. Williams
Moore's Paradox In Thought: A Critical Survey, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
It is raining but you don't believe that it is raining. Imagine silently accepting this claim. Then you believe both that it is raining and that you don't believe that it is raining. This would be an ‘absurd’ thing to believe, yet what you believe might be true. It might be raining, while at the same time, you are completely ignorant of the state of the weather. But how can it be absurd of you to believe something about yourself that might be true of you? This is Moore's paradox as it occurs in thought. Solving the paradox consists in …
Heidegger And East Asian Thought, Steven Burik
Heidegger And East Asian Thought, Steven Burik
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Poverty And Politics In Tocqueville’S Memoir On Pauperism, Christine Rodman Henderson
Poverty And Politics In Tocqueville’S Memoir On Pauperism, Christine Rodman Henderson
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) is best remembered in the United States for Democracy in America, his penetrating study of life in the early nineteenth-century. Tocqueville was, of course, an analyst of his own France, and his The Old Regime and the Revolution remains a classic analysis of pre-Revolutionary and Revolutionary France. Less well-known, however, is that Tocqueville was also keenly interested in England, traveling to England several times and following with great interest the political and social developments there during his lifetime. One outgrowth of his interest in England’s politics was his Memoir on Pauperism, a short piece written following …
A Humean Account Of Testimonial Justification, Shane Ryan
A Humean Account Of Testimonial Justification, Shane Ryan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I argue that a Humean account can make sense of the phenomenology associated with testimonial justification; the phenomenology being that in standard cases hearers regularly simply accept a testifier’s assertions as true – hearers don't engage in monitoring. The upshot is that a Humean account is in a better position dialectically than is usually supposed. I provide some background to the debate before setting out two challenges facing accounts of testimonial justification. The first challenge is to provide an account that accords with the phenomenology of testimonial reception; the second challenge is to provide an account that can make sense …
Derrida And Comparative Philosophy, Steven Burik
Derrida And Comparative Philosophy, Steven Burik
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article argues that Derrida’s thinking is relevant to comparative philosophy. To illustrate this, at various stages classical Daoism is compared with Derrida’s thought, to highlight Derrida’s “applicability” and to see how using Derrida can contribute to new interpretations of Daoism. The article first looks into Derrida’s engagement (or lack thereof) with non-Western thought, and then proceeds to his extensive work regarding language and translation, comparing this with views on classical Chinese language and translation of key Daoist characters. It then explores Derrida’s efforts at opening up philosophy to its outside, and argues that he was very much concerned with …
Can American Christians Care About Hong Kong’S Umbrella Movement?, Justin Kh Tse
Can American Christians Care About Hong Kong’S Umbrella Movement?, Justin Kh Tse
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
It’s a delicate task to write about how American Christians, especially evangelicals, can care about Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement.
Jian Ghomeshi And Secular Sexualities, Justin Kh Tse
Jian Ghomeshi And Secular Sexualities, Justin Kh Tse
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The public conversation swirling around Jian Ghomeshi’s termination from the Canadian Broadcasting Company (CBC) is a grand exercise in secular sexualities.It begins with his Facebook post. Explaining that he was fired because of his private BDSM consensual acts with an ex-girlfriend, he castigates the CBC for both acknowledging that his acts were consensual and then wrongfully pulling the plug on him because he would serve as a poor role model.
Theologies Of Word And State: Some Reflections On The Ottawa Shooting, Justin Kh Tse, Matt Sheedy
Theologies Of Word And State: Some Reflections On The Ottawa Shooting, Justin Kh Tse, Matt Sheedy
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The shooting in Ottawa on 22 October 2014 has uncovered the remarkable way that the Canadian state remains theologically constituted. In some ways, this is a relatively uncontroversial argument. The White House press conference immediately following the attacks made a link between the Canadian support for military action against the Islamic State and the deaths of both Warrant Officer Patrice Vincent on October 20 in Quebec and Cpl. Nathan Cirillo of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders on the October 22. When one says that Ottawa shootings have a religious dimension, the gut response is that my argument will be about …
"Those Stubborn Principles": From Stoicism To Sociability In Joseph Addison’S Cato, Christine Dunn Henderson, Mark Yellin
"Those Stubborn Principles": From Stoicism To Sociability In Joseph Addison’S Cato, Christine Dunn Henderson, Mark Yellin
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Joseph Addison’s 1713 play, Cato: A Tragedy, dramatizes the final days of Cato the Younger’s resistance to Julius Caesar before his eventual suicide at Utica in 46 BC. Although Addison initially seems to present Cato as a model for emulation, we argue that Addison is ultimately critical of both Cato and the Stoicism he embodies. Via the play’s romantic subplot and via his work as an essayist, Addison offers a revision of the Catonic model, reworking it into a gentler model that elevates qualities such as love, friendship, and sympathy and that is more appropriate to the type of peaceful …
Tang Junyi’S Comparative Philosophy And The Spiritual Value Of Chinese Culture, Sor-Hoon Tan
Tang Junyi’S Comparative Philosophy And The Spiritual Value Of Chinese Culture, Sor-Hoon Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Tang Junyi (1909-1978) engaged in philosophical comparisons very early in his career. He always philosophized from a cultural perspective in his subsequent philosophical reflection on the development of the mind, the philosophy of life, the relation between culture and moral reason, and the spiritual value of Chinese culture.