Modern Literature Commons^™

The University Can't Train Teachers: A Symposium Of School Administrators Discuss School-Based Undergraduate Education For Teachers, Paul A. Olson, Larry Freeman, James Bowman, Jan Pieper

Department of English: Faculty Publications

CONTENTS

Introductory Letter

Discussion Summary

Acknowledgments

List of Participants

Educational Reform and Informational Needs

"Manpower: Supply and Demand for Teaching Personnel" -- Leo Shapiro

The Idea of Community and the Education of Teachers

"The Transmission of American Culture" -- George D. Spindler

"In the United States District Court for the Eastern Division of Texas, Tyler Division, Memorandum Opinion Regarding the San Felipe Del Rio Consolidated Independent School District"

The Use of Higher Education Personnel in School-Based Undergraduate Teacher-Training Programs

Appendix-"Research Sharing"

School-Based Teacher-Training Centers ."The Portland Urban Teacher Education Project:

New Context for Teacher Preparation" -- John L. Parker

Certification; …

Education For 1984 And After: A Symposium Of Deans Of Education And Leaders In Institutions Educating Teachers, Paul A. Olson, Larry Freeman, James Bowman

Department of English: Faculty Publications

I. Real Educational Needs and Strategies for Response

A. The Roots of Reform and the Demography of Supply and Demand

B. The Need for Teachers With Specialized Skills

C. Summary on Information Needed

"The Crisis of Confidence in Schools and Society " -- Dean Corrigan.

"The Preparation of the Teacher: An Evaluation of the State of the Art" -- Paul A. Olson

II. Targeted Education for Teachers and Access to Teacher Training

III. Accountability

A. The Concept of Accountability

B. Power Relationships: Accountability, Accessibility and Constituencies

"How Should Schools Be Held Accountable?" -- Murray Wax

"Review of Human and Social …

Semantic Constituents Of Constructions Taking That-Clauses, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

What this paper has tried to do is to present some data which would have to be accounted for in an adequate semantic theory, and to suggest some of the specific elements of such a theory. A semantic theory must presuppose the existence of modal operators on every utterance, and would explain the meaning of any discourse as the relation among its medals. Logical theory has always done this, in taking every proposition of an argument as an element of the modal relations making up the argument. A semantic theory would have to specify the relations among medals which would …

An Analysis Of The Psychozoological Tales Of Rafael Arévalo Martínez, Ricardo Cortez Costello

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This paper will identify and analyze the literary phenomenon of the preponderance of the transfer of dumb animal. traits, including mannerisms, instincts and brute social behavior to human beings as found in the prose of Rafael Arevalo Martlnez of Guatemala. This literary phenomenon has been called.zoomorphimn and psychozoology.

The Altercatio Phyllidis Et Florae As An Ovidian Satire, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

The Altercatio Phyllidis et Florae is an Ovidian satire: a poem which ridicules certain mistaken notions of the meaning of the office of clerk by putting them in a context in which they become justifications for love. Such satire is possible in any age which, like Augustan Rome or twelfth-century France, defines a person according to his office and thereby can see the absurdity of making these definitions into reasons for praising a person's aptness for love. If Ovid is the inventor of this form of satire, he was followed, as we can see from the Altercatio, by poets …

The Knight's Tale And The Epic Tradition, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Essay on Chaucer's Knight's Tale and the epic tradition.

The Arts Of Language: Needed Curricula And Curriculum Development For Institutes In The English Language Arts: Language, Literature, Composition, Speech And Reading, Paul A. Olson

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Contents

Participants of the Conference

Representatives of the Professional Organizations as Observers at the Conference

Introduction: The Drift of the Conference, Paul A. Olson

Reading in the Elementary Language Arts Institutes, William Iverson

Report of the Reading Committee, Robert Ruddell, Chairman

Recommendation for Components of the Elementary English

Language Arts Institutes, Robert Allen

Report of the Language Committee, G. Thomas Fairclough, Chairman

Speech in the Language Arts Institute, Kenneth Brown

Report of the Speech Committee, William Buys, Chairman

Composition, Dorothy Saunders

Report on the Composition Committee, Albert Kitzhaber, Chairman

Teachers, Children, and Criticism, Bruce Mickleburgh

Report of the Literature Committee, …

Chaucer's Squire's Tale And The Uses Of Rhetoric, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Essay discussing Chaucer's Squire's Tale and the uses of rhetoric.

The Wife Of Bath And The Three Estates, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Explores how female sovereignty in the Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale results in "the subservience of the class function to the bourgeois ethic which the Wife represents," indicating parallels in Genesis. Alison controls the merchant class in her first three marriages; the clergy in her marriage to Jankyn. In the Wife of Bath, she subordinates the aristocratic King Arthur and the knight to female control.

A Mountain Mystery, Robert S. Haller

Department of English: Faculty Publications

A Mountain Mystery is a poem written by Robert S. Haller and the spring 1960 issue of Shenandoah: The Washington and Lee University Review, volume 11, number 3, page 41.

The published version contains two typos (there should have been no period at the end of the first line and "stopped" in the fourth line should have been "stooped"). This version is republished as the author intended it to read.

Then And Now, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

I hope this microphone works. If you have to listen to me I hope you can hear me. Once before at a gathering of a learned society seeing an upright gadget before me, I talked with extreme care directly into for half an hour, moving neither to the right nor to the le find as I went down from the platform that is was a lamp.

For half a century I have belonged to the MLA. My name first appears in the Proceedings for 1906, printed in 1907. Apparently I joined in a historic year. Percy Waldron Long, who became …

Then And Now, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

I HOPE this microphone works. If you have to listen to me I hope you can hear me. Once before at a gathering of a learned society, seeing an upright gadget before me, I talked with extreme care directly into it for half an hour, moving neither to the right nor to the left, only to find as I went down from the platform that it was a lamp.

For half a century I have belonged to the MLA. My name first appears in the Proceedings for 1906, printed in 1907. Apparently I joined in a historic year. Percy Waldron …

The Future Of Poetry, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Poetry is the most beautiful form of human speech. The human race has always had its song and always will have it. It may not be expected to die out. In our present century, however, its status has altered. There are relatively fewer hearers or readers of it than in the long stretches of the past and fewer noted poets. Professors offer courses in the great poetry of the world, and one hopes that they will continue to do so. Poetry societies exist on campuses in great numbers. Prizes are offered to encourage young poets and avenues of publication opened …

English In Wartime: A Symposium By College Teachers, Louise Pound, Karl Young, P. G. Perrin, Charles Child Walcutt, R. S. Crane, Louise M. Rosenblatt, Warner G. Rice, George R. Coffman, Oscar James Campbell

Department of English: Faculty Publications

After the declaration of war upon us by the Axis nations, it seemed the editors of College English that the members of the College should, as soon as possible, co-operate in determining how best to fulfil our special responsibility throughout World War II. As a first step, we invited twenty-five teachers of English in colleges and universities to suggest how we should meet this professional emergency.

The Planning Commission of the N.C.T.E., at their meeting in Chicago during the Christmas holidays, and the College Section, at their meeting in Indianapolis with the M.L.A., considered general and basic wartime policies for …

On The Dating Of The English And Scottish Ballads, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

HE practice has established itself among literary historians and anthologists of associating the English and Scottish ballads primarily with the fifteenth century, sometimes with the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. One of the best and most popular of the histories of English literature now used in schools and colleges states in its revised editions: "These ballads appear to have flourished luxuriantly among the folk in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, after which their composition ceased. Over three hundred of them, in 1,300 versions, have survived, and have been collected and printed."' The now widely used History of English Literature by M. …

Extensions Of Usage Of A Pronoun, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

[This article treats briefly, in the chronology of their appearance, the substantive uses of the pronoun of the third person neuter: the English and American game usage, two American colloquial or dialectal usages, and the newest usage, emerging from Hollywood, with its adjectival and nominal derivatives.]

The English pronoun of the third person neuter, it, has established itself as a substantive in various meanings, some of which are so widely current as to augur for them considerable vitality. An enumeration of these substantive uses in American English yields the following-- approximately, I think, in the order of their appearance.

The Cat Who Went To Heaven, Elizabeth Coatsworth, Lynd Ward

Zea E-Books in American Studies

Winner of the Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature in 1931, this novel is the story of a struggling Japanese artist and his housekeeper who adopt a three-colored cat and how that affects their lives and fortunes. Commissioned to make a painting of the death of Buddha to be hung in the village temple, the artist imagines the various animals whose forms had been taken in the Buddha’s past lives and the generous deeds they had done, as the cat—auspiciously named “Good Fortune”—looks on with hopes to be included. Could a cat, from a species usually so proud …

A Recent Theory Of Ballad-Making, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Professor Gordon Hall Gerould's article entitled "The Making of Ballads"' is an attractive essay, written in the fluent and polished manner that we are accustomed to expect from this scholar. It has charm of style, and its positions, taken as a whole, may be termed accepted positions. Because of its literary quality, because it brings together in one paper what has hithert been stressed in scattered places, and because of its appreciation of the poetical quality of those English and Scottish ballads sough out by the notable collectors of the earlier nineteenth century and made available in the volumes of …

The Etymology Of An English Expletive, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Professor G. P. Krapp makes an attractive case for his derivation of darn, darned in the brief essay on this word in his recent The English Language in America. He discards the usual explanation that darn is a variant or minced form of damn, and believes that, although it now stands in intimate relation to damn, it had an independent origin. He takes as his starting point the Old English adjective dierne, 'secret,' Middle English derne, Elizabethan dern, and assumes a transition from a descriptive adjective or adverb to an imprecation. The adjective took …

The Value Of English Linguistics To The Teacher, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

WHAT is included in the usual course in the history of the English language? Presumably some teachers emphasize the translation of older monuments, some emphasize training in etymologies, some phonetic changes, and some changes in language structure and forms. Some offer courses in the hope of fostering a more accurate use of language, some because of the discipline ~o be gained from the study of language ID the abstract, and some in order to afford the necessary preparation for the scholar. All have in mind the development, on the part of the student, of a scientific attitude toward language. Any …

The Kraze For "K", Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

As illustrated by the Klassy Klown and the Kute Kid, the present slump toward alliteration is mostly confined to the letter "k," and the hunting of it appears most prominently in the language of advertising. For "k" in poetry there was Coleridge's (one is tempted to write Koleridge's) "Kubla Khan," and one recalls Walt Whitman's picturesque respellings "Kanada" and "Kanadian." But love of "k" plays little part in comtemporary verse, although it appears abundantly elsewhere. Its rise in favor seems to be bound up with the late agitation for simplified spelling, or the oncoming tide of interest in phonetics. Simplified …

Xx. The Term "Communal", Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

I. The Doctrine of Communal Origins

The period following the French Revolution was deeply interested in "the people" as a mass conception, in all that belonged to them and all that they created. It was in this period that theorists on the origin of law, customs, religion, language, literature--particularly the folk-song and the folk-tale--liked to advocate the doctrine of spontaneous, unconscious growth "from the heart of the people," as the phrase went. Such conceptions of origin had their critics from the first; but they remained more or less orthodox throughout the nineteenth century, and they still have foothold in both …

The "Uniformity" Of The Ballad Style, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

" It is a significant fact," says a well-known writer on ballads,' "that wherever found, the ballad style and manner are essentially the same." Many make the same generalization. But this is true only in the most general sense. It presupposes too great fixity ill the ballad style. The ballad is a lyric type exhibiting epic, dramatic, and choral elements; but within the type there is as great variation as within other lyric types. The ballad style is hardly more" essentially the same" than the song style in general, or the sonnet style, or the ode style. There is no …

The English Ballads And The Church, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Many origins have been suggested for the type of narrative song appearing in the English and Scottish traditional ballads: minstrel genesis, origin in the dance, improvisations of media3val peasant communes, or descent from the dance songs of primitive peoples. The hypothesis of minstrel origin was that first to be advanced and it has always retained supporters. There remains a possibility not yet brought forward which deserves to be presented for what it is worth, since the problem, though it may be insoluble, has its attraction for critic and student. We have but meager knowledge of the ballad melodies of pre-Elizabethan …

King Cnut's Song And Ballad Origins, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

King Cnut's song, according to Professor Gummere gives us our “first example of actual ballad structure and the ballad's metrical form, which is to be met in English records." He quotes the account from the Historia Eliensis of 1166. Cnut, with his queen Emma and divers of the great nobles, was coming by boat to Ely, and, as they neared land, the King stood up, and told his men to row slowly while he looked at the great church and listened to the song of the monks which came sweetly over the water. "Then he called all who were with …

Xvii. The Ballad And The Dance, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

It is the purpose of the following paper to examine the relationship of the mediceval ballad to the dance, in origin and in traditional usage. Particular reference is had to the English and Scottish ballad tvpe. In various preceding papers I have considered the theory currently accepted in America of the inseparableness of primitive dance, music, and song and have shown that primitive song is not narrative in character. I have also questioned the assumption that the ballad is the archetypal poetic form--this position should be assigned to the song, not the ballad--and the assumption of " communal " as …

The Beginnings Of Poetry, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

The songs of primitive peoples have received much attention in recent years, especially the songs of the American Indians. An immense amount of material has been collected and made available; and this has been done in a scientific way, with the help of countless phonographic and -other records. Instead of having to rely on the stray testimonies of travellers, explorers, historians, and essayists, the student of primitive poetry has now at his disposal an amount of data unavailable to his predecessors. He need not linger among the fascinating mysteries of roman- tic hypotheses, but can supply himself with the carefully …

Intrusive Nasals In English, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

A few years ago the present writer directed attention to some instances of intrusive nasals in contemporary speech, American and English, and suggested that in the greater part of these instances associative interference was responsible for the added consonants. The bearing of the material presented on the much discussed topic of Middle English added n, for which many varying explanations have been offered, was also treated. Some further instances, heterogeneous in character, of infixed n, noted since the article cited was printed but reinforcing, it is believed, the position taken there, are these:

The Southwestern Cowboy Songs And The English And Scottish Popular Ballads, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

Several writers recently have found analogy between the conditions attending the growth of cowboy songs in isolated communities in the Southwest, and the conditions under which arose the English and Scottish popular ballads—those problematic pieces which form so special a chapter in the history of English poetry. Mr. Lomax, the chief collector of southwestern folk songs, notes, when speaking of western communities, how "illiterate people and people cut off from newspapers and books, isolated and lonely—thrown back on primal resources for entertainment and for the expression of emotion—utter themselves through somewhat the same character of songs as did their forefathers …

Arnold's Sources For Schrab And Rustum, Louise Pound

Department of English: Faculty Publications

It is generally assumed, either explicitly or by inference that Matthew Arnold's Schrab and Rustum (1853) is based on the story as told in the abridgment of the Sháhnáma of Firdawsí by the Rev. J. A. Atkinson (1832), which gives in an appendix a complete rendering of the Schrab and Rustum episode in heroic couplets ; or on Sir John Malcolm's History of Persia (1815); but no one has investigated the relative use made of the two, or the exact debt of the poet to either.