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Articles 781 - 810 of 1117
Full-Text Articles in Military History
A Forgotten Victory: Courcelette, 15 September 1916, David Campbell
A Forgotten Victory: Courcelette, 15 September 1916, David Campbell
Canadian Military History
The 2nd Canadian Division, which landed in France on 15 September 1915, had established an uncertain operational record by the summer of 1916. As part of the Canadian Corps, the division had spent virtually all of its time in or near Belgium’s notorious Ypres Salient, where it was embroiled in a grim campaign of trench warfare. Notable successes in trench raiding were offset by costly setbacks, such as the division’s failure to hold a series of mine craters at St. Eloi in April 1916. This was followed in June by the withdrawal of one of its brigades in the face …
Story Of The 22nd Battalion, September 15th, 1916: The Capture Of Courcelette
Story Of The 22nd Battalion, September 15th, 1916: The Capture Of Courcelette
Canadian Military History
Editor’s note: The George Metcalf Archival Collection at the Canadian War Museum has a thick file of original materials related to the 22nd Battalion’s role in the battle of Courcelette including messages written by its commander, Lieutenant-Colonel T.L. Tremblay, and after action reports, many hand-written, by future Dominion Archivist Lieutenant-Colonel Gustav Lanctot. Nothing is known about the provenance of this file. It was in storage at the museum when, in 1971, serious efforts began to assemble disparate documentary materials into a proper archives collection. The file presents a splendid opportunity for someone to complete an in-depth account of the 22nd’s …
Fighting Time: Gregg Centre And Royal Canadian Engineers Join Forces To Record New Brunswick’S Past, Lee A. Windsor, Lee Ellen Pottie
Fighting Time: Gregg Centre And Royal Canadian Engineers Join Forces To Record New Brunswick’S Past, Lee A. Windsor, Lee Ellen Pottie
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Saint John’S Red Head Battery: A Forgotten Military Artifact Of Confederation, Roger Sarty
Saint John’S Red Head Battery: A Forgotten Military Artifact Of Confederation, Roger Sarty
Canadian Military History
In the early 1860s, driven by the threat of war with the United States, British army engineers and local contractors built a coast artillery battery on top of the red-coloured bluffs overlooking the eastern approach to Saint John harbour. It is broadly similar to earlier coastal batteries that still exist at Halifax and Quebec City, but on a more massive scale because artillery was rapidly increasing in size and power during the 1860s. Other heavy batteries were constructed at other Canadian ports during that decade, but all were subsequently rebuilt with more modern structures. Red Head Battery is the only …
Photo Essay: The D-Day Beaches From The Air
Photo Essay: The D-Day Beaches From The Air
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Oral History At The Canadian War Museum, Angus Brown
Oral History At The Canadian War Museum, Angus Brown
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
21st Army Group In Normandy: Towards A New Balance Sheet, Terry Copp
21st Army Group In Normandy: Towards A New Balance Sheet, Terry Copp
Canadian Military History
The purpose of this article is to offer further evidence in support of the view that the combat performance of the Anglo-Canadian armies in Normandy has been greatly underrated and the effectiveness of the German forces vastly overrated. This argument informs my study of the Canadians in Normandy, published under the title Fields of Fire, but the intention here is to consider questions about combat between British and German units in Normandy.
Longing And Loss From Canada’S Great War, Tim Cook, Natascha Morrison
Longing And Loss From Canada’S Great War, Tim Cook, Natascha Morrison
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Arbitrary Justice?: A Comparative Analysis Of Canadian Death Sentence Passed And Commuted During The First World War, Teresa Iacobelli
Arbitrary Justice?: A Comparative Analysis Of Canadian Death Sentence Passed And Commuted During The First World War, Teresa Iacobelli
Canadian Military History
The topic of military executions has dominated the study of discipline and punishment during the First World War. Considering the relatively small number of men who were executed, 361 in British and Dominion forces combined, it is startling how much attention the subject has garnered. The morality of the practice has been widely discussed and debated and it has spawned recent pardons campaigns in the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Canada. Yet, virtually ignored in these debates have been the stories of the 3,080 men of the British and Dominion forces who were also sentenced to death, but saw their …
Airborne Communications In Operation Market Garden, David Bennett
Airborne Communications In Operation Market Garden, David Bennett
Canadian Military History
Operation Market Garden, Field Marshal B.L.M. Montgomery’s grand attempt to end the war in 1944, has been ceaselessly analysed in an attempt to understand the reasons for its failure. Factors such as the distance of the drop zones from the objectives in Arnhem, the delay in resupply, the presence of strong German forces in the area, as well as the slow progress of XXX Corps in linking the airborne bridgeheads, are some of the main reasons cited for the failure of the operation. Another element often raised has to do with the failure of communications equipment at Arnhem. Peter Harclerode, …
Aleutian Allusions: Mackenzie King’S Diary And The Invasion Of Kiska In 1943, Glen Roger Perras
Aleutian Allusions: Mackenzie King’S Diary And The Invasion Of Kiska In 1943, Glen Roger Perras
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
The Attack On The Church In St. Martin-De-Fontenay: 31 July–1 August 1944, Jacques Dextraze
The Attack On The Church In St. Martin-De-Fontenay: 31 July–1 August 1944, Jacques Dextraze
Canadian Military History
Editor’s Note: General J.A. Dextraze, “J Dex“ to Canada’s post–war army, served as Chief of the Defence Staff from 1972 to 1975 but in 1944 he was a 24–year–old company commander in Les Fusiliers de Mont-Royal (FMR). This account of the action carried out by his company on 1 August 1944 offers a graphic description of the challenges confronting the Canadians during the battles for Verrières Ridge. This attack was conducted in the context of Montgomery’s orders to “keep up the pressure on the Caen area... to make easier the task of the American armies fighting hard on the western …
Enemy Reaction To Overlord: Allied Intelligence Assessment, 6 May 1944, Bill Williams
Enemy Reaction To Overlord: Allied Intelligence Assessment, 6 May 1944, Bill Williams
Canadian Military History
Editor’s Note: In the months leading up to Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy, Allied planners invested heavily in their attempts to learn about German dispositions. Much has been written about the “failure” of the Allies to detect the German 352nd Division which nearly doomed the American landings at Omaha. However, this was only one small piece of the intelligence picture. Ultra decrypts based on German wireless messages provided Allied planners with details of the German Order of Battle in France though the exact location of battalions, regiments and divisions was not always certain. Brigadier Bill Williams, General Montgomery’s senior …
Working With Montgomery: On Being A Scientific Adviser To A Commander-In-Chief (21 Army Group 1944–1945), B.F.J. Schonland
Working With Montgomery: On Being A Scientific Adviser To A Commander-In-Chief (21 Army Group 1944–1945), B.F.J. Schonland
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Uncle Bill’S Service In Bomber Command, 1942–1944, Roger Sarty
Uncle Bill’S Service In Bomber Command, 1942–1944, Roger Sarty
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Report On The Bombing Of Our Own Troops During Operation “Tractable”: 14 August 1944, Arthur T. Harris
Report On The Bombing Of Our Own Troops During Operation “Tractable”: 14 August 1944, Arthur T. Harris
Canadian Military History
Editor’s Note: Operation “Tractable“ was the second major Canadian operation in Normandy designed to break through the German defensive perimeter to reach Falaise. Like its predecessor, Operation “Totalize,“ “Tractable“ was to employ heavy bombers to augment the firepower available to the troops. The use of heavy bombers in a tactical role was a relatively new tasking for the strategic force and required precise targetting to destroy and disrupt enemy positions. The strategic bomber force, British and American, had made significant contributions to the land battle in Normandy, but there had been mistakes, most notably during Operation “Cobra” when the American …
The Long Wait (Part Ii): A Personal Account Of Infantry Training In Britain, June 1942–June 1943, Harold Macdonald, M.A. Macdonald
The Long Wait (Part Ii): A Personal Account Of Infantry Training In Britain, June 1942–June 1943, Harold Macdonald, M.A. Macdonald
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Great War Legacy: A Drum From The 20th Battalion, Eric Fernberg
Great War Legacy: A Drum From The 20th Battalion, Eric Fernberg
Canadian Military History
During the First World War the Canadian Expeditionary Force recruited a total of 260 battalions for overseas service. Yet the four Divisions of the Canadian Corps maintained only 48 battalions at the front. The vast majority of the battalions sent to England were either broken up to supply reinforcements for units already at the front or reconstituted for duties such as forestry or pioneer work. But all these battalions went through the process of recruiting, training, and working up in Canada before going overseas, thereby developing their own unit personality, traditions, and esprit de corps. These were all lost …
The Balance Sheet: The Costs And The Gains Of The Bombing Campaign, David L. Bashow
The Balance Sheet: The Costs And The Gains Of The Bombing Campaign, David L. Bashow
Canadian Military History
Critics of the bomber offensive frequently argue that the material and human cost of the campaign far overshadowed the gains, and that the resources dedicated to it could have been more effectively utilized elsewhere. They have argued that the combat manpower could have been better used in the other fighting services, especially the army, and industry could have been used to produce more weapons for these fighting services. However, proponents of this line of thought assume that the weight of effort expended on the bombing campaign was inordinately high. Richard Overy maintains that it was actually rather modest. “Measured against …
The Halifax And Lancaster In Canadian Service, Stephen J. Harris
The Halifax And Lancaster In Canadian Service, Stephen J. Harris
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
Area Bombing By Day: Bomber Command And The Daylight Offensive, 1944–1945, Laurie Peloquin
Area Bombing By Day: Bomber Command And The Daylight Offensive, 1944–1945, Laurie Peloquin
Canadian Military History
This article will examine an important but neglected phase of the Allied strategic bomber offensive in the Second World War. Given the very rich literature on the bombing war it is surprising to discover that litle attention has been paid to the daylight attacks undertaken by Royal Air Force (RAF) Bomber Command in the fall and winter of 1944–1945. Nowhere in the existing literature is there a systematic analysis of this period of operations when the RAF and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) carried out 153 daylight raids between 27 August 1944 and 24 April 1945. Two primary issues will …
The 1998 Canadian Battle Of Normandy Foundation Study Tour
The 1998 Canadian Battle Of Normandy Foundation Study Tour
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
The 1999 Canadian Battle Of Normandy Foundation Study Tour
The 1999 Canadian Battle Of Normandy Foundation Study Tour
Canadian Military History
No abstract provided.
The Toronto Scottish Machine Gun Battalion In Normandy (July–August 1944), Colonel Johnson
The Toronto Scottish Machine Gun Battalion In Normandy (July–August 1944), Colonel Johnson
Canadian Military History
As given by Colonel Johnson, Commanding Officer to Captain Engler near Bourgtheroulde, 29 August 1944