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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Intellectual History
The Egyptian Discovery Of The Rising Sun: Re-Evaluating The Pan-Asianist Rhetoric Of Mustafa Kamil And Trans-Imperialism, Hung Pan (Eric) Li
The Egyptian Discovery Of The Rising Sun: Re-Evaluating The Pan-Asianist Rhetoric Of Mustafa Kamil And Trans-Imperialism, Hung Pan (Eric) Li
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Mustafa Kamil (1874–1908) is widely celebrated in modern historiography as a founding father of modern Egypt for his contributions to Egyptian nationalism. It is conventionally understood that he achieved mastery in "speaking back to the Occident" by leveraging both domestic and international support, reconciling his nationalist agenda of self-determination with Pan-Asianist rhetoric and international solidarity against Western imperialism. One of the most frequently cited pieces of evidence for this position can be found in his 1904 work on Japan, The Rising Sun, in which he praised Japan's modernization and its resistance to the West, and encouraged Egyptians to follow …
Gold, Manuscripts, And Misunderstanding: The Forgotten Intellectual Wealth Of Timbuktu, Caroline A. Valdovinos
Gold, Manuscripts, And Misunderstanding: The Forgotten Intellectual Wealth Of Timbuktu, Caroline A. Valdovinos
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This article re-examines Timbuktu’s legacy, challenging European myths that imagined the city as a hidden African “El Dorado” while overlooking its intellectual wealth. From the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, Timbuktu thrived as a hub of trade, religion, and scholarship, home to mosques, libraries, and networks of learning that drew scholars from across the Islamic world. Manuscripts on theology, law, medicine, and science circulated widely, placing the city at the heart of West Africa’s intellectual life. Yet European explorers and mapmakers, influenced by accounts like those of Leo Africanus, recast Timbuktu as a treasure-laden city of gold. This obsession, reinforced by …
Privatisation And Toleration: How The Eighteenth-Century Enlightenment Impacted European Attitudes Towards Religion, Cody Mitchell
Privatisation And Toleration: How The Eighteenth-Century Enlightenment Impacted European Attitudes Towards Religion, Cody Mitchell
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
For centuries, scholars have debated the significance of the Enlightenment in its impact on European attitudes to religion. On one hand, many scholars immediately following the eighteenth century saw the period as a particularly anti-religious one. For many, particularly at the popular level, the supposed birth of toleration during the Enlightenment and the post-Renaissance rise of free thought and rationalism brought about a dramatic shift in opinions and attitudes towards religion—manifesting, particularly, in the widespread acceptance of irreligion. Today, most historians adopt a more cautious approach, recognising that rarely does history conform to such simple narratives. This paper seeks to …
Making Sense Of Anarchism: Science, Nature, And The Local In The Utopias Of Ricardo Mella And Pierre Quiroule, Philip J. Wu
Making Sense Of Anarchism: Science, Nature, And The Local In The Utopias Of Ricardo Mella And Pierre Quiroule, Philip J. Wu
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This article uses a detailed analysis of ideas about nature and science in the utopian works of Spanish anarchist Ricardo Mella and Argentine anarchist Pierre Quiroule, separated by roughly twenty-five years and over five thousand miles, to explore what is often called the “localization” of anarchist ideology. Rather than search for differences in their ideas that stem from some sort of quintessential Argentine or Spanish—or on a more granular level porteño or barcelonés—identity, I examine how these two authors took ideas from a shared anarchist imaginary and connected them to local events to make them relevant to themselves and …
When Dystopia Becomes Political Criticism: Why Margaret Atwood Wrote The Handmaid's Tale, Celeste Deale
When Dystopia Becomes Political Criticism: Why Margaret Atwood Wrote The Handmaid's Tale, Celeste Deale
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
When Margaret Atwood published The Handmaid’s Tale in 1985, she didn’t think it’d still be relevant nearly forty years later. Yet, her use of historical imagination helped her create a novel that permeates time and space. This essay explores the production and reception of The Handmaid’s Tale, asking how the novel was both a product of the political and cultural context of its production in the 1980s and a critique of Atwood’s own contemporary moment. Atwood drew on biblical themes, Puritan history, and the Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu to construct Gilead's social and political order and comment on American …
Two Houses Divided? The Parallel Histories Of The Casa De Contratación And The Casa Da Índia, 1500-1580, Gustavo L. Romero
Two Houses Divided? The Parallel Histories Of The Casa De Contratación And The Casa Da Índia, 1500-1580, Gustavo L. Romero
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper seeks to investigate the histories of the Spanish Casa de Contratación and the Portuguese Casa da Índia in relation to one another, identifying possible ways in which each drew inspiration, or imitated the other during the period from 1500 to 1580. Though there is existing research into the individual Casas, comparative approaches have generally been avoided. This work synthesizes the literature and tracks interactions or trends between the Iberian empires from both an institutional and interpersonal perspective. Through analysis of bureaucratic charters, letters, and other documents, it outlines the time periods, possible reasons, and results of this …
Using The Colonizers’ Own Weapons: The Politics Of Equality, Freedom, & Integration In Advocacy Against American Indian Termination, Eliza Kravitz
Using The Colonizers’ Own Weapons: The Politics Of Equality, Freedom, & Integration In Advocacy Against American Indian Termination, Eliza Kravitz
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Beginning in the early 1950s, the United States Congress enacted a program of “termination” of American Indian tribes. By eliminating the special relationship between tribes and the federal government, termination aimed at the full assimilation of American Indians into U.S. society. Government proponents advocated for termination using the language of equal rights, freedom, and integration. Previous scholarship has shown that anti-termination advocates, by contrast, appealed to the internationalist Cold War language of development, self-governance, and global decolonization to resist termination. These same leaders also invoked the civil rights language of termination’s proponents, however. Their arguments illustrated how the federal government …
Political Economy Of The Middle East: Historiography And The Making Of An Episteme, Jordan Rothschild
Political Economy Of The Middle East: Historiography And The Making Of An Episteme, Jordan Rothschild
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
The Great Divergence accelerated a process of Western European states dominating the majority of the world’s geography and people economically and geopolitically. Given the stakes of this shift and its ramifications for all of the history that followed, and the significant way that the divide continues to shape our world, this phenomenon is subject to considerable debate within the historiography. This paper uses the Great Divergence as a departure point to analyze the different schools of political economic history, from the flawed sociologies of the early 20th century theorists to the World Systems Theorists and beyond. A key aspect of …
Cobol Cripples The Mind!: Academia And The Alienation Of Data Processing, Neel Shah
Cobol Cripples The Mind!: Academia And The Alienation Of Data Processing, Neel Shah
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper writes a social history of the programming language COBOL that focuses on its reception in academia. Through this focus, the paper seeks to understand the contentious relationship between data processing and the academy. In historicizing COBOL, the paper also illuminates the changing nature of the academy-industry-military triangle that was a mainstay of early computing.
Attitude Towards Cross-Culture Exchange In The 1685 French Embassy To The Kingdom Of Siam, Benjamin M. Beese
Attitude Towards Cross-Culture Exchange In The 1685 French Embassy To The Kingdom Of Siam, Benjamin M. Beese
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Traditional histories of Early Modern exchange tend to emphasize the dispersion and adoption (or rejection) of European science and culture. More recently, there has been an historiographical trend to see early modern international interactions as multi-direction exchanges in which all parties are altered in each interaction. The 1685 French-Jesuit Embassy to Siam provides an interesting opportunity to explore the implications of this multi-directional approach. Although this exchange had no significant, lasting impact on either Siam or France, the dynamics at play demonstrate how each party’s attitude towards the exchange impacted their ability to achieve their aims. This paper uses Guy …
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Shikata Ga Nai: Statelessness And Sacrifice For Japanese-American Volunteers During The Second World War, Kenzo E. Okazaki
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
Through a Philosophical analysis of the nature of Internment Camps as well as oral histories of veterans who volunteered to serve in the US military from the camps, this paper will argue that the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII was an event that the Supreme Court and surrounding legal discourse placed outside of legal jurisdiction. Those within the camps were thus condemned to a life lacking political qualification and juridical personhood. Faced with the dangers of this condition, interned Japanese Americans who served in the U.S. Army consciously laid claim to the American political community through the sacrifice of …