European History Commons^™

Homes Across The Border: Russian Summer Houses In The Karelian Isthmus And The Finnish State, 1917–1927, Kitty Lam

Faculty Publications & Research

At the end of the 19th century, numerous St. Petersburg residents established their summer homes in the Karelian Isthmus, a picturesque region in the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous province of the Russian Empire. The ease of travel between the Russian imperial capital and the Finnish seaside towns contributed to this practice. After 1917, a new border regime delineated the nascent Finnish state from the equally new Russian/ Soviet state. This change displaced the majority of Russian proprietors, as well as those imperial subjects who rented vacation properties from local Finns. This article addresses how state-building practices distinguishing between …

The Battle For The Mind Of Europe: The Ideological Warfare Of Orwell, Stalin And Mussolini, Tim Zellinger

History

No abstract provided.

'Graecomans’ Into Bulgarians: Shifting Perceptions Of Greek- Bulgarian Interethnic Marriages In The Nineteenth Century, Evguenia Davidova

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article employs Greek-Bulgarian interethnic marriage as a category of analysis to contextualize the intersection of language, class, gender, and nationalism. Such marriages reveal pragmatic practices of auto-hellenization as expressions of eclectic urban lifestyles that flourished in the Ottoman era up to the 1830s, a process interrupted by the emergence of nation-states and the Tanzimat that led to intra-millet conflicts in which the groups caught in-between became scapegoats. Also, Greek language (enriched with a Turkish and Slav mix), a blend that can be called Balkan commercial koinē, which played a cohesive role similar to its Hellenistic predecessor, became a target …

Zoomorphic Penannular Brooches In 6th And 7th Century Ireland, Esther G. Ward

School of Art, Art History, and Design: Theses and Student Creative Work

In this thesis the author examines the evolution, manufacture, and societal significance of zoomorphic penannular brooches, a type of metal dress fastener used in early medieval Ireland that is often decorated. The brooches examined are dated to the 6^th and 7^th centuries, during which the Irish underwent a process of religious conversion from Celtic paganism to Christianity, and social rank was paramount. It is in this social context that the brooches are examined. Despite the significance of this time of social change, brooches from this period tend to be overlooked by scholarship in favor of the more ornate …

On The Social Construction Of Hellenism Cold War Narratives Of Modernity, Development And Democracy For Greece, Despina Lalaki

Publications and Research

Hellenism is one of those overarching, ever-changing narratives always subject to historical circumstances, intellectual fashions and political needs. Conversely, it is fraught with meaning and conditioning powers, enabling and constraining imagination and practical life. In this essay I tease out the hold that the idea of Hellas has had on post-war Greece and I explore the ways in which the American anti-communist rhetoric and discussions about political and economic stabilization appropriated and rearticulated Hellenism. Central to this history of transformations are the archaeologists; the archaeologists as intellectuals, as producers of culture who, while stepping in and out of their disciplinary …

Agriculture, Influence, And Instability Under The Ancien Régime: 1708-1768, Adam J. Polk

Masters Theses

The French Revolution has been studied from myriad perspectives. The majority of scholarship focuses on the political and urban chaos of the times. Agricultural conditions and the influence of onerous taxation and stagnant agricultural options are given only a cursory examination in most research. This thesis aims to investigate the relationship between agronomic and environmental conditions and the eruption of violence in urban centers during the French Revolution and the years leading up to it (1708-1768). This period prior to the French Revolution serves as a template to investigate the nature of the rural-agricultural influences, with a particular focus paid …

Ralph Raico: Champion Of Authentic Liberalism, Daniel P. Stanford

History Theses

ABSTRACT OF THESIS

Ralph Raico: Champion of Authentic Liberalism

This paper explores the intellectual life and writings of Professor Emeritus in History at Buffalo State College, Ralph Raico. The central thesis seeks to portray Professor Raico as the great modern libertarian revisionist historian, and the great modern champion of historical, classical liberalism. More broadly, the work attempts to solidify Professor Raico’s reputation as a major figure in the modern American libertarian movement.

Raico’s intellectual foundations are fully developed, beginning from grade school at Bronx High School of Science, to his attendance of Ludwig von Mises’s New York University seminar, to …

Depictions Of Women In Stalinist Sovet Film, 1934-1953, Andrew Weeks

HIM 1990-2015

Popular films in the Soviet Union were the products of the implementation of propagandistic messages into storylines that were both ideologically and aesthetically consistent with of the interests of the State and Party apparatuses. Beginning in the 1930s, following declaration of the doctrine on socialist realism as the official form of cultural production, Soviet authorities and filmmakers tailored films to the circumstances in the USSR at that given moment in order to influence and shape popular opinion; however, this often resulted in inconsistent and outright contradictory messages. Given the transformation that gender relations were undergoing in the early stages of …

Perceptions And Realities Of The Irish Republican Army During The Second World War, L.B. Wilson Iii

Master's Theses

This thesis investigates the British and German perception of the IRA and claims that the organization represented an insurmountable obstacle to the progress of both German intelligence and British counter-intelligence. The IRA was also the primary contributor to the political troubles oflrish neutrality during World War II. It examines the perceived threat of the IRA in the minds of the Irish Prime Minister Eamon de Valera and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and those ministers' respective governments. The thesis looks at official debates in the British Parliament and the Irish Dail as well as interwar newspapers and official records. Additionally, …

Exposing England For Famine Wrongs, Ian Kilroy

Articles

A critical review of The Famine Plot by Tim Pat Coogan. Coogan blames English government policy for the Irish Famline.

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Migliazzo, Arlin C. To Make This Land Our Own: Community, Identity, And Cultural Adaptation In Purrysburg Township, South Carolina, 1732-1865, Michael Dondzila

Swiss American Historical Society Review

To Make This Land Our Own sets out to expand upon a growing historiography of community studies that diverge from the more traditional Puritan, New England model. Purrysburg, South Carolina looked a good deal different than many other communities in early America. One of its peculiarities was the ethnic diversity of the first generation. Many from Switzerland (with ethnic affinities leaning toward either the French or German) and a smattering of Italians, English and Germans, these early pioneers adhered to different Christian tenants, spoke different languages, and held different cultural norms. Such ethnic diversity highlights a theme Migliazzo teases throughout …

Front Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

End Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Jill Fehleison. Boundaries Of Faith: Catholics And Protestants In The Diocese Of Geneva., Hannah Schultz

Swiss American Historical Society Review

In Boundaries of Faith: Catholics and Protestants on the Diocese of Geneva, Jill Fehleison structures the discussion of Reformation Catholicism around national, Confessional, denominational, and geographic lines. The primary focus of the work is the internal politics of the Catholic Church in the aftermath of the Council of Trent as the church attempted to adjust to, and respond to, a strong Protestant presence at Geneva. The discussion is couched in terms of the new political boundaries around France, Savoy, Geneva, and the Pays de Gex, the Catholic response to the Reformed presence in the area, and to the reform of …

Henry Hotze. Three Months In The Confederate Army, Jonathan D. Neu

Swiss American Historical Society Review

As scholars commemorate the sesquicentennial of the American Civil War, it remains vital to consider the words of that era's contemporaries. Zurich-born Henry Hotze's Three Months in the Confederate Army is a particularly noteworthy example of valuable primary source material, though one with an unusual dual purpose. On the surface, it is the chronicle of a soldier's experiences during the heady early days of the war. Digging deeper, Hotze's work represents a piece of Confederate propaganda designed to glorify southern esprit de corps and endear a foreign public to the South's bid for independence. Indeed, readers will find the work …

Inverting The Eagle To Embrace The Star Of David: The Nationalist Roots Of German Christian Zionism, George Faithful

Collected Faculty Scholarship

It is no secret that Christian Zionism in the U.S. has long been paired with American patriotism. Since at least as far back as William Blackstone’s 1891 “Memorial,” American Christian Zionists have proclaimed that their support of a Jewish homeland as bolstering their own country’s perceived privileged relationship with God. Less obvious is the link between German nationalism and Christian Zionism in that country in the period following World War II. Whereas American Christian Zionism has been marked by militarism and triumphalism, the German variant has been understandably penitential in the aftermath of the Holocaust. Nonetheless, this paper will demonstrate …

The Ideas Of Jean Piaget: Using Theory To Better Understand Theory And Improve Learning, William E. Herman

Swiss American Historical Society Review

M ost readers will note the irony embedded in the title of this paper and the Einstein quote. There is an obvious and important thread of truth derived from such premises. Is it prudent and scholarly to employ Jean Piaget's theory in order to more deeply explore the meaning of Piaget's theory? Biblical scholars have long been known to use the writings of the Apostles and other Biblical voices as tools to understand sacred text. In this way, the Bible is used to understand the Bible. As the Swiss theologian Karl Barth once stated regarding the daring element of Christian …

Werner Rothweiler, Magdener Familien 1600-1875 Und Ihre Stammbaume, Leo Schelbert Professor Emeritus

Swiss American Historical Society Review

This large-size and attractively crafted book is the result of impressive and expert genealogical research undertaken by Werner Rothweiler, a retired chemist. The work deals with the agricultural village Magden located in the Fricktal that had been part of Upper Austria until 1803 when it became part of the Swiss Canton Aargau. On 24 January 2004, 1200 years to the day when the first known document concerning Magden was dated, the author presented to the people of Magden a history of their village. His new book complements that work and is in the form of a "microhistorical demography" a study …

Albert Einstein In Switzerland: The Education Of The Most Famous Swiss American, Kurt Winkler

Swiss American Historical Society Review

The most famous Swiss American, by far, was Albert Einstein. It is well known that Einstein worked in Germany starting in 1914, but he was forced to leave in 1933 as someone the Nazis had "not yet hanged," and he came to the United States where he taught at Princeton University for many years. However, Einstein had earlier lived in Switzerland for many years. Even though he became an American citizen in 1940, the great physicist retained ties to Switzerland, and he kept his Swiss passport all his life . Einstein spent his most productive years in Switzerland where he …

William Jennings Bryan: One Of The Last Republican Secretaries Of State, Bradford Sample

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

The Swiss Confederation In The Eyes Of America's Founders, Stephen P. Halbrook

Swiss American Historical Society Review

The Swiss experience had a positive influence on the American Revolution, figured in the debates on adoption of the United States Constitution, and was a matter of commentary in the political struggles of the early Republic. The American model influenced the Swiss Constitution of 1848,t but before that the Swiss Confederation-then 500 years oldhelped inspire the birth of the American Republic, particularly regarding the interrelated concepts of resistance to oppression, independence from foreign states, neutrality, a people's militia, and federalism.

Kurt 0. Wyss-Labasque. Paradise Bird In The Golden Cage, Fred Jenny

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Ambassador Kurt 0. Wyss began his diplomatic career in 1972, profiting in Geneva of the experiences of the well known American diplomat Georg.F. Kennan. The Swiss writer Friedrich Duerrenmatt once said: 'Who writes will always get the own chaos and the one of the world in order'.

Marc H. Lerner. A Laboratory Of Liberty: The Transformation Of Political Culture In Republican Switzerland, 1750-1848., Martin Kalb

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Few nation states embody ideals of freedom and liberty like Switzerland. Embedded within a complex European context while maintaining internal diversity, this Alpine nation with an intricate history remains a powerful case study for historians interested in revolutionary Europe , republicanism, and political modernity. Marc H. Lerner now adds the newest analysis to this broader field. In his view, "the Swiss case is important to the overall project of examining the origins of modern political liberty precisely because of the mixed and blended discourses that resulted from the pragmatic discussions found in republican Switzerland" (8). Rightfully describing Switzerland between 1750 …

The Transformation Of The Pope: The Agony And The Ecstasy (1965) And The Second Vatican Council (1962-65), Jennifer Mara Desilva

Journal of Religion & Film

In 1965 the film The Agony and The Ecstasy (dir. Carol Reed) presented Renaissance artistic culture, Catholic iconography, and the papal court in Rome to a popular, broad, and non-denominational audience. Based on the novel by Irving Stone (1961), the narrative follows Michelangelo and Pope Julius II through the decoration of the Sistine chapel ceiling (1508-12), outlining a relationship between the two protagonists that suggests some spiritual equality. In the same way that the Second Vatican Council (1962-65) strove for spiritual renewal and an emphasis on the wonder of humankind’s relationship with God, The Agony and The Ecstasy portrays the …

Willem Blaeu's 'Asia Noviter Delineata': Expressions Of Power Through Naval Might And Natural Knowledge In Dutch Mapmaking, Joshua W. Poorman

Student Publications

This paper situates Dutch mapmaker Willem Blaeu’s Asia noviter delineata—part of the Stuckenberg Map Collection in the Gettysburg College Special Collections—within the larger framework of Renaissance thought and a shifting colonial balance of power. The map’s pictorial marginalia expresses a Dutch quest for empirical knowledge that echoed contemporary cabinets of curiosities throughout early modern Europe. Similar to these cabinets, Blaeu’s map can be seen as a cartographic teatro mundi, used to propagate Dutch hegemony through both a robust naval presence and an expanding geographic and natural knowledge of the world.

“We Have To Record The Downfall Of Tyranny”: The London Times Perspective On Napoleon Bonaparte’S Invasion Of Russia, Julia Dittrich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

"We Have to Record the Downfall of Tyranny": The London Times Perspective on Napoleon Bonaparte's Invasion of Russia aims to illustrate how The London Times interpreted and reported on Napoleon's 1812 invasion of Russia. This thesis explains how England feared its grip on Europe was slipping away due to a French takeover of the continent. This work details the English struggle in order to provide a broader analysis through a newspaper of how nations indirectly involved in the Napoleonic wars understood the conflict.

The City Of Man, European Émigrés, And The Genesis Of Postwar Conservative Thought, Adi Gordon, Udi Greenberg

Dartmouth Scholarship

This article explores the forgotten manifesto The City of Man: A Declaration on World Democracy, which was composed in 1940 by a group of prominent American and European anti-isolationist intellectuals, including Thomas Mann, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Hermann Broch. Written in response to the victories of Nazi Germany, the manifesto declared that the United States had a new global responsibility not only to lead the war against fascism and Marxism, but also to establish a global order of peace and democracy under U.S. hegemony. Moreover, the authors of the manifesto claimed that such an order would have to be based on …

Gen Ms 27 Early 20th-Century German Print Collection Finding Aid, Julie Cismoski, Kristin D. Morris

Search the General Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Description:

Printed materials acquired by the donor's father while serving in West Germany during the Cold War. The Collection contains 37 items, books and ephemeral material. Materials deal with German history from the beginning of World War I to the end of World War II. Dates span 1914 to 1983, with the bulk evenly spread between the periods of 1915-1923 and 1934-1942. The collection includes propaganda, war humor, poems, songs, and a film promotional leaflet; stories from German prisoners of war during WWI; and materials related to revolution (following World War I). The two issues of Stern magazine were published …

Remembering Rms Titanic A Century Later, Margaret (Peg) A. Van_Patten Ms.

Wrack Lines

A century after the historic ship sank in the Atlantic Ocean with massive loss of life, the memory still looms large in our imaginations. Marshall Drew, a local artist, was one of the survivors and is remembered by the author. The new Titanic exhibit at Mystic Aquarium offers a way to learn about undersea exploration technology. See this undersea museum as explorer Bob Ballard and the crew first did when they found the remains, and learn about the event, the culture of the time, and the people.