European History Commons^™

Book Reviews, Kurt Winkler, Barry Maxfield, Barbaraella Frazier

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

Henry Wirz And Andersonville: The Career Of The Most Controversial Swiss American, Albert Winkler

Swiss American Historical Society Review

While many Americans of Swiss descent have made valuable contributions

to the development of the United States, Henry Wirz has often

been viewed with disdain. He was the commander of the infamous Andersonville

prison where nearly 13,000 Union prisoners died during the

American Civil War, and he was one of the two men executed for war

crimes relating to that conflict. Despite his conviction in court, much

controversy surrounds his actions at Andersonville, and many writers

have either condemned or praised him. This paper will review the career

of Henry Wirz, examine his conduct at Andersonville, and analyze his

trial …

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

‘Unkle Sommerset's’ Freedom: Liberty In England For Black Sailors, Charles R. Foy

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

With his 1772 decree in Somerset v. Steuart that slavery was ‘so odious that nothing can be suffered to support it [in England] but positive law’, Lord Mansfield altered the legal landscape regarding black rights in England. While earlier judicial decisions had implied that slaves who came to England were free, prior to the Somerset decision there was no judicial consensus on the issue. The Somerset decision did not decree that slavery was illegal in England. Yet many blacks believed it ‘emancipated’ any slave who reached the shores of England. This understanding, combined with the British military welcoming runaways into …

Hechiceras E Inquisidores: The Relative Lack Of Severity Of Witchcraft Prosecution Among Spanish Imperial Territories, Jeffrey Michael Mastrianni

Honors Scholar Theses

This paper examines the social, cultural, political, and judiciary motivations behind the prosecution of witchcraft in the Spanish Empire between the years of 1492 and 1643. Included as background material are introductions to witchcraft, the history of the Empire, and the behaviors of the Spanish Inquisition. The paper attempts to illustrate the fact that witchcraft prosecution was neither severe nor overly violent in the Empire, and that each of the four major regions of the Empire (Spain proper, the Netherlands, Italy, and the Viceroyalty of Mexico) witnessed a steady and early decline of witchcraft prosecutions, albeit for different reasons. It …

The Nationalism Of Joachim Meyer: An Analysis Of German Pride In His Fighting Manual Of 1570., William Charles Adamson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work addresses the nationalistic elements in the 1570 work Kunst des Fechtens by Joachim Meyer of Strassburg. Meyer's teachings on the longsword are attached to the Swabian Johannes Liechtenauer and then transferred to the Italian rapier thus establishing Meyer as less concerned with nationalist purity as others of his century. His teachings are examined for their pleadings for moral conduct and the preservation of martial studies to the youth of Germany and the young Duke of Bavaria, Johann Casimir. Using modern examples alongside Meyer's writings the case is also made for the integration of nationalist sentiments, moral and ethical …

Leaders Of '98: Murphy And Mccracken A Comparison Of The 1798 Rebellion In Wexford And Antrim, David Carton

Graduate Theses

This study examines the relationship between the Irish nationalist risings in Wexford and Antrim in 1798. The Antrim Rising was a largely ideological movement that was influenced by the beliefs of the United Irishmen; in contrast, the Wexford Rising was a reactionary movement that was influenced by the leadership of Fr. John Murphy of Boolavogue. An analysis of the differences and similarities of these two leaders serves as the primary mode of analysis. McCracken restructured the United Irishmen in Belfast into a secret revolutionary society, as Murphy mobilized rebel forces in Wexford and inspired a military uprising. This thesis seeks …

Scandinavian Dream: A Region’S Common Philosophical Principles Resulting In Equality, Prosperity, And Social Justice, Remy Christopher Ansiello

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

Common philosophical principles formed by the three Scandinavian nations of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden developed through a shared past. Over the centuries this region’s historical, social, economic, and religious ties paved the way for a belief-system based on egalitarian ideals. By the beginning of the 20th century these egalitarian ideals formed the unique social welfare system Scandinavia has in place, benefiting citizens from the day they are born throughout their entire lives. This welfare system centers on the principle that both men and women are fully equal; furthermore society has a moral and legal obligation to remove all barriers preventing …

The Influence And Legacy Of Deism In Eighteenth Century America, Tiffany E. Piland

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

This thesis project, The Influence and Legacy of Deism in Eighteenth Century America, examines deism’s impact as a theological system on American life and culture in the eighteenth century. Beginning with a basic definition of the term deism, a historical background is included. Next, the work of Galileo, Bacon, Newton, and Locke is examined for its impact on eighteenth century thought as well as early deist writers such as John Toland, Matthew Tindal, and Lord Herbert of Cherbury.

Moving onto America in the eighteenth century, colonial newspaper articles, letters, and other documents are examined that contain references to deism. Colleges …

Rule Britannia: Britain, Breadfruit, And The Birth Of Transoceanic Plant Transportation, Annabel Tudor

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

This paper examines the events that precipitated transoceanic plant transportation and British imperial expansion during the second half of the eighteenth century. Combined circumstances forced the British to explore transoceanic plant transportation to make colonies, especially those in the British West Indies, more self-sufficient. Hurricanes in the Caribbean destroyed ground crops vital for slaves and plantation operations, and fallout from a volcanic eruption in Iceland poisoned soil in Britain and northern Europe for years. Wars with France and America inhibited oceanic trade and trade routes. These circumstances fostered the British desire to control its own food supply and resulted in …

The Many Faces Of Marie Antoinette: Rewriting The Portrait Of A Queen Through The Enlightenment, Political Pornography And The French Revolution, Brittany A. Mclaren

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

Early modern representations of Marie Antoinette, the infamous Queen of France, show a very confused picture. One hand, she has been portrayed as the woman who caused the French Revolution of 1789, squandering her kingdom’s fortunes on outrageous clothing and gambling. However, she has also been portrayed as the Revolution’s martyr, her death symbolizing the end of Old Regime absolutism in France. With so many contrasting views, how can we determine which shows the most accurate portrait of the ill-fated queen? I argue that no singular representation depicts Marie Antoinette as she truly was. Secondly, I argue that while Marie …

Holocaust Diaries Bearing Witness To Experience In Poland, The Netherlands, And France, Jessica Leah Oldham

HIM 1990-2015

Most of the Holocaust's victims were never able to tell their stories, and of the millions of victims, only a few hundred were able to write about their experiences. This makes surviving personal testimonies precious in many ways. They provide a rich resource for understanding both individual experience, as well as the ways in which the socio-historical context (i.e. region, gender, and class) greatly influenced each distinctive experience. This study examines six Holocaust diaries, of Jewish victims, taken from three different parts of occupied Europe: from Poland, Janusz Korczak's Ghetto Diary and Chaim Kaplan's The Scroll of Agony; from Holland, …

“God And Posterity Will Show Me Favor”: A Search For The Historical Lady Jane Dudley In Light Of Her Later Portrayals, Rachel Wisdom

Undergraduate Theses—Unrestricted

The sixteen-year-old Lady Jane Dudley, born Grey, was pushed onto the throne for nine days in July 1553, a last-minute effort in retaining a Protestant monarch. She was quickly toppled by the rightful heir, the Catholic Queen Mary I, giving Jane the shortest reign in English history. Shortly thereafter, Jane was beheaded for treason. For the next four and a half centuries, Jane’s story would be told over and over again—vastly more often than her relative insignificance in history would suggest— casting her as a saint, a martyr, a child prodigy, an airheaded girl with little interest in religious or …

Religious Space In Transition: A Comparison Of Latter-Day Saint And Nonconformist Worship In Victorian England, Jaclyn Ann Beazer

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

July 19, 1837 was not a day to remember for the majority of the residents of Liverpool, England. For one small group of men, however, this was a day they had been anticipating for months. After a record breaking Atlantic crossing, the men hired a small boat to take them ashore rather than wait for the passenger steamer. Just before the boat reached the pier, several of the men jumped out and waded to shore, anxious to reach land and begin their work. These men were the first missionaries from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to arrive …

The Contrasting Image Of Italian Women Under Fascism In The 1930’S, Jennifer Linda Monti

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

The Fascist regime in Italy lasted twenty years, deeply influencing the Italian population and the Italian culture during that time period. Although Fascism tried to control the public and private life of Italians, it was unsuccessful because of the strong presence of the Catholic Church and because ofItaly’s difficult history prior to unification. What the regime did accomplish, however, was the quasi complete consent of the masses because of the numerous activities and organizations it created for them. A particular group on which Fascism focused was women, understanding how central their role was within the family, and wanting to gain …

A Time Of Transition From Wolsey To Cromwell In England, Brandon Raphael

HIM 1990-2015

The period between 1527 and 1534 in England was a period of transition. King Henry VIII up until this time period had been faithfully served by his chief minister Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. The English nobility had increasingly become unsatisfied and jealous of the absolute power Wolsey had commanded for so many years. Wolsey had done a good job solidifying his position as well as maintaining his monopoly over the ears of the King. A faction against Wolsey emerges at a crucial juncture for Henry, his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. The faction is successful in removing Wolsey from notoriety and …

The Role Of Indulgences In The Building Of New Saint Peter’S Basilica, Ginny Justice

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

New St. Peter’s Basilica is the second largest church in the world and considered by many to be the most beautiful. Built mainly during the sixteenth century, it took over a century to complete, and withstood corruption, wars, the Reformation, the Counter-Reformation, good popes and evil ones, and inched its way toward completion in 1626. The main funding for the early stages of building New St. Peter’s came from the sale of indulgences. Indulgences did more than help pay for the basilica, however. The abusive means of selling indulgences, including lies from priests and the papacy about their efficacy, resulted …

Mapping England's Trade Through Depictions In English Emblems., Valerie J. Erickson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the growing interaction between England and foreign countries comparing their trade with contemporary later sixteenth century and seventeenth century English emblems. The emblems used are those available over the internet from several different library and university sources. As England expanded its trade throughout the world, English emblems began to show the exchange occurring between England and its various trading partners. Historians have largely overlooked this valuable source of information. By studying emblems historians gain invaluable insight into the economy, society, politics, religion, and other matters with which England was concerned.

"The German Discovery Of Sex", Gwen Walsh

Publications

News article by The Scarlet, Clark University's student-run newspaper on the symposium "German Discovery of Sex", held on April 16, 2011. This event was part of the Henry J. Leir Chair Programming for the 2010-2011 season, a position that Robert Tobin held from 2008 up until his passing in 2022.

Visiting Clags As A Scholar In Residence, Tuula Juvonen

Center for LGBTQ Studies (CLAGS)

A year ago I was most excited to receive a letter of invitation from CLAGS' executive director Sarah Chinn to spend the autumn term 2010 as a Scholar in Residence. The idea of returning to CLAGS after 16 years of absence was particularly intriguing for me because I found my last visit there in 1994 most valuable and inspiring for my scholarly work. And I was not to be disappointed this time either.

The Archduke Carl And The Realities Of Habsburg Warfare From 1793-1814: Less Change Then You Thought, Lee W. Eysturlid

Faculty Publications & Research

The Archduke Carl of Teschen, victor of Stockach and Aspern, and the Habsburg Monarchy’s most famous commander of the age, was an unrepentant opponent of unlimited war; the type of war which he believed had been released by the forces of the French Revolution. To counter these new so-called realities, he looked to “limit” the impact of war through a combination of the Early Modern re-invention of Roman military principles, appeals to service, and the tenets of Theresian Catholicism. In the end, Carl responded to the “emotional,” read nationalistic, forces of the French with Habsburg revanche. This paper will …

Digital Humanities And Computer-Mediated Instruction In Slavic Studies, Andriy Danylenko, Ronald Frank

Cornerstone 3 Reports : Interdisciplinary Informatics

No abstract provided.

Review Of Immigration And Settlement, 1870-1939. Edited By Gregory P. Marchildon., Hans Werner

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

This is the second volume in the History of the Prairie West Series, which focuses on the settlement of the Canadian Prairies by Ukrainian, German, Welsh, Jewish, Dutch, and other immigrants. The collection brings together twenty articles previously published in Prairie Forum grouped according to the themes of the early "opening" of the West, First Nations during the settlement era, patterns of settlement, and ethnic relations. An index greatly aids in finding common themes among the diverse topics. The collection includes articles that made important contributions to settlement history when they first appeared in Prairie Forum, such as the 1997 …

“A Very Goddess Of Persuasion:” Mary Dudley Sidney As An Exemplar Of Women’S Political Significance In Elizabethan England, Catherine Medici-Thiemann

Department of History: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Elizabeth’s England saw the emergence of formal institutions of political power, but the importance of the personal politics, ruled by patronage, reputation, and favor still held. Looking at the ways that women participated in personal politics, through their communication and patronage networks, illuminates how women gained political power in sixteenth century England.

The intersection of personal politics and a female queen allowed women to The intersection of personal politics and a female queen allowed women to maintain significant political power in Elizabethan England. Women at Elizabeth’s court gained great political importance through their proximity to the queen, their ability to …

Piracy, Slavery, And Assimilation: Women In Early Modern Captivity Literature, David C. Moberly

Department of English: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis examines a hitherto neglected body of works featuring female characters enslaved in Islamicate lands. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, many Englishmen and women were taken captive by pirates and enslaved in what is now the Middle East and North Africa. Several writers of the time created narratives and dramas about the experiences of such captives. Recent scholarship has brought to light many of these works and pointed out their importance in establishing what was still a young, unsure, and developing English identity in this early period. Most of this scholarship, however, has dealt with narratives of the …

(Review) The Negotiated Reformation: Imperial Cities And The Politics Of Urban Reform, 1525–1550, Marc R. Forster

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Kleijnen, Maria Jozefina, 1926-2010 (Mss 353), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 353. Correspondence of Maria Jozefina "Mia" Kleijnen and her family in the Netherlands with the Grise family of Bowling Green, Kentucky. She writes of family matters, conditions in the Netherlands following World War II, and of Dutch life and customs. Also included are letters to the Grises from other European correspondents.

Front Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

The Ticino Swiss Immigration To California, Tony Quinn

Swiss American Historical Society Review

America is a land of immigrants, and the Ticino Swiss immigrants

share many of the characteristics found in other immigrant groups.

The first American immigrants were the English in the 17th century,

who founded the country. They were followed by the Scots-Irish from

Northern Ireland in the 18th century, and then in the half century after

America's Civil War, the years 1865 to 1920, masses of immigrants

came from all parts of Europe.

Visitor's Switzerland In Haiku, Marilyn Driscoll

Swiss American Historical Society Review

During some of her vacation trips, Marilyn Driscoll enjoys writing

Haiku as a way of recording her personal impressions. She shares with

us her "Visitor's Switzerland" that grew out of a brief trip in 2009. Her

other Haiku collections include impressions of Iceland, Ireland, Sicily

and Turkey.