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Full-Text Articles in European History

Front Matter Jan 2019

Front Matter

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


An Everyday Story, Thomasine Gyllembourg, Troy Wellington Smith Jan 2019

An Everyday Story, Thomasine Gyllembourg, Troy Wellington Smith

The Bridge

Translator’s Note: For most readers outside of Denmark, the Danish Golden Age begins and ends with Hans Christian Andersen and Søren Kierkegaard. At the time, however, both Andersen and Kierkegaard were outsiders in respect to the dominant cultural circle, that of the actress Johanne Luise Heiberg, her husband Johan Ludvig Heiberg, and his mother Thomasine Gyllembourg. Gyllembourg, along with Steen Steensen Blicher and Bernhard Severin Ingemann, is credited with giving Denmark its first canonical prose fiction. Despite her importance to Danish Golden Age literature and the history of European women’s literature, Gyllembourg is virtually unknown outside of Denmark, except among …


Trying To Disappear: One Translator Among Many Authors, Michael Favala Goldman Jan 2019

Trying To Disappear: One Translator Among Many Authors, Michael Favala Goldman

The Bridge

A literary translator ought, as much as possible, take on the voice of the author, or the author’s characters, in much the same way an actor takes on a role in a play. The goal is that the reader forget that the words they are reading have been translated at all. The new work needs to stand on its own as a legitimate work of literature, hopefully bearing successfully the unspoken attitudes and inferences of the original author, but in the new language. The artifice involved ought to be invisible.


Front Cover Jan 2019

Front Cover

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Eve! Eve! Eve Serves Her Term As A Child A Two-Act Comedy, Kjeld Abell, Kristi Planck Johnson Jan 2019

Eve! Eve! Eve Serves Her Term As A Child A Two-Act Comedy, Kjeld Abell, Kristi Planck Johnson

The Bridge

Translator’s Note: I was asked to translate Kjeld Abell’s play EVE! EVE! by my Danish language professor Norman Bansen at Dana College years ago. Given Abell’s unique style and subject matter, the translating process has not been without challenges, but it has also been a delight. I particularly enjoy the comical text of the play and the subject matter that, to my knowledge, has never been explored. Who knows anything about Eve’s childhood? What about the romantic side of Adam and Eve’s relationship, their family life, or their presence on the wall of a museum? Comedy, especially, takes on not …


Contents Jan 2019

Contents

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Translation: Active Decision-Making In Any Language, Mark Mussari Jan 2019

Translation: Active Decision-Making In Any Language, Mark Mussari

The Bridge

“Do translators try to produce exact copies of famous novels?” Someone asked that question in an Ask Marilyn column that appeared in the Sunday Parade Magazine.1 “No,” replied Marilyn Vos Savant. “If they did, the result would be only an awkward impression of the real thing, given the differences in grammar, syntax, etc.”


Julie K. Allen. Danish But Not Lutheran: The Impact Of Mormonism On Danish Cultural Identity, 1850-1920, J. R. Christianson Jan 2019

Julie K. Allen. Danish But Not Lutheran: The Impact Of Mormonism On Danish Cultural Identity, 1850-1920, J. R. Christianson

The Bridge

In Denmark and America, fear of immigrants seems to feed the ferocity of what Julie K. Allen calls “today’s struggles over national belonging and cultural identity” (246). Maybe by looking to a past era, when thousands of Danes converted to the Mormon religion and emigrated to Utah, it can help us understand the struggles we face today.


Voices From The Modern Breakthrough. Danish Writing 1870-1930. Volume 1: Male Voices And Volume 2: Women’S Voices. Ed. And Trans. David Young, Poul Houe Jan 2019

Voices From The Modern Breakthrough. Danish Writing 1870-1930. Volume 1: Male Voices And Volume 2: Women’S Voices. Ed. And Trans. David Young, Poul Houe

The Bridge

In 2017, the small and little-known Freyja Press in Odense (www. freyjapress.dk) issued two volumes of Danish short stories from 1870- 1930 in English translation, all “available for free download in three formats: EPUB, Kindle, PDF” (and with an additional PDF file “for those people interested in the original Danish text” freely accessible as well). Editor and translator David Young writes in forewords to both volumes about his background as an English expat, who came to Denmark in 2002 and soon enrolled in “two History of Literature short courses run by Folkeuniversitetet” in Odense, where he now lives and practices …


Forgive, Forget Or Feign: Everyday Diplomacy In Local Communities Of Polish Subcarpathia, Iuliia Buyskykh Jun 2018

Forgive, Forget Or Feign: Everyday Diplomacy In Local Communities Of Polish Subcarpathia, Iuliia Buyskykh

Journal of Global Catholicism

The paper is based on my ethnographic fieldwork in Przemyśl, Poland and several surrounding villages in 2015-2017. While conducting my research on a set of religious practices and pilgrimages in confessionally and ethnically mixed localities, I faced many challenges that changed the main course of my initial research plan. During my interaction with people here themes came to light that seemed little related to religiousness. My status as a researcher from Ukraine and even more so, my being a young single woman from Ukraine, gave rise to a number of other topics that my interlocutors, both of Polish and Ukrainian …


Danish Creativity And Resilience In The Face Of Adversity, Delane Ingalls Vanada Jan 2018

Danish Creativity And Resilience In The Face Of Adversity, Delane Ingalls Vanada

The Bridge

Danish people are known for being innovative thinkers. They are independent, willing to take risks, able to stand up for their thoughts and beliefs, daring enough to commit themselves without fear of failure, and deeply trusting of each other. They are hardworking, flexible, and intellectual (Nordic Reach 2008). This is the stuff of creativity and the dispositions that support it, according to current research on the psychology of creativity (Piirto 2001). As the granddaughter of Jens Peder Jensen, a Danish immigrant who homesteaded in South Dakota in 1907, my life was shaped by the influence of our close family in …


Editorial Statement Jan 2018

Editorial Statement

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Sing Your Ethnicity Aloud! Grundtvigian Danes At The Intersection Of Denmark And America, Tina Langholm Larsen Jan 2018

Sing Your Ethnicity Aloud! Grundtvigian Danes At The Intersection Of Denmark And America, Tina Langholm Larsen

The Bridge

Most people familiar with Danish American history have encountered a narrative about the allegedly quick and unproblematic assimilation of Danish immigrants in the US, as presented here on the website of the Museum of Danish America: “Danes assimilated quickly, aided by the fact that they were white, northern european, and Protestant. Furthermore, Danes are practical and believed that assimilating into American society promised greater rewards than hanging onto their Danish identity and traditional ways.”1 even though this master narrative does, to some extent, capture the larger trajectory of the Danish immigrant experience, it disregards those Danish immigrants who played a …


Appendix Jan 2018

Appendix

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Back Cover Jan 2018

Back Cover

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Front Matter Jan 2018

Front Matter

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Hygge & Lykke: Good Old Danish Enclosures Or Gates To A Brave New World?, Poul Houe Jan 2018

Hygge & Lykke: Good Old Danish Enclosures Or Gates To A Brave New World?, Poul Houe

The Bridge

every year since becoming a Danish expat some forty-five years ago, I’ve spent part of each summer in Denmark. 2017 was no exception, but unlike previous years, this time I reflected explicitly on something most Danes probably take for granted or don’t pay much attention to: their country’s global reputation as the hyggeligste and lykkeligste place on earth (although Denmark came second to Norway in the global happiness rankings in 2017).1 Denmark’s reputation as the happiest (lykkeligste) place on earth is increasingly matched by the claim that it harbors the coziest (hyggeligste) culture imaginable. Many observers and commentators have credited …


Contributors Jan 2018

Contributors

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Contributors Jan 2018

Contributors

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Contents Jan 2018

Contents

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Front Cover Jan 2018

Front Cover

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


Front Matter Jan 2018

Front Matter

The Bridge

No abstract provided.


From The Translator’S Desk, Michael Goldman Jan 2018

From The Translator’S Desk, Michael Goldman

The Bridge

On the Saturday morning of the fortieth anniversary conference of the Danish American heritage Society, translator Michael Goldman gave a talk in which he interspersed readings from his translations of five accomplished Danish authors with his personal recollections and anecdotes. The texts he read included the first major publication of Benny Andersen’s poetry in english translation; the first english translations of Cecil Bødker’s adult novels Stories about Tacit and The Water Farm; the first ever book publication in english of Knud Sørensen’s Farming Dreams, a selection of poetry about the decline of family farms in the latter half of the …


The Role Of Migrant Churches In Danish Integration, Julie K. Allen Jan 2018

The Role Of Migrant Churches In Danish Integration, Julie K. Allen

The Bridge

Christian religious belief has been a central factor in the creation and maintenance of Danish cultural identity for more than a thousand years, but it has also been an integral part of Danish interactions with the rest of the world. Although the Frankish monk Saint Ansgar (801–865)—the patron saint of Scandinavia—is often given credit for converting the pagan Danes in the ninth century, it was King harald Bluetooth’s baptism in 965 Ce that made religious identity and religious conformity a fundamental principle of membership in the Danish state. For the next nine centuries, the exercise of religious belief in Denmark …


To The Edge Of The World: Jens Munk And The Danish Search For The Northwest Passage, 1619-20, Otto Christensen Jan 2018

To The Edge Of The World: Jens Munk And The Danish Search For The Northwest Passage, 1619-20, Otto Christensen

The Bridge

On May 9, 1619, a worshipful dedication service was held in Christian IV’s newly built church—holmen’s Kirke in Copenhagen. The service was arranged for a group of sixty-four sailors and their families to bless the crew and ships before they started on their expedition. Their goal was to find the route to China and India by sailing a northwestern route. The hope was to reach their destination by Christmastime. After the service, a procession took the participants down the canal to the two waiting ships. They were towed out of the harbor and set sail.


From Ærø To Iowa: Documenting The Journey Of Danish Immigrants To Audubon And Shelby Counties In Iowa, Cynthia Larsen Adams Jan 2018

From Ærø To Iowa: Documenting The Journey Of Danish Immigrants To Audubon And Shelby Counties In Iowa, Cynthia Larsen Adams

The Bridge

The island of Ærø lies southwest of Copenhagen, in the Baltic Sea. Just south of the city of Odense, it is connected to the mainland by ferries. Between 1850 and 1920, nearly two thousand of Ærø’s residents decided to immigrate to the United States. When the first emigrants left Ærø the island had three major port towns—Marstal, Ærøskøbing, and Søby. Marstal was well known for its shipbuilding, which made it a local economic power base, while Ærøskøbing was the chief town and primary port for ferry traffic. Aside from sailors, ship’s captains, and shipbuilders, most of the island’s residents were …


The Jutland Heath As A Literary Place Of Inheritance: Hans Christian Andersen, St. St. Blicher, And Jeppe Aakjær, Johs. Nørregaard Frandsen Jan 2018

The Jutland Heath As A Literary Place Of Inheritance: Hans Christian Andersen, St. St. Blicher, And Jeppe Aakjær, Johs. Nørregaard Frandsen

The Bridge

The Jutland heath was, in a certain sense, created by Danish writers. It was writers such as Steen Steensen Blicher, Meir Goldschmidt, hans Christian Andersen, Jeppe Aakjær, and Johannes V. Jensen who, in their literary depictions, gave the heath a voice, image, and form that made it accessible as a place of experience for their own and future ages. In doing so, they created a place of inheritance—a dynamic, living place of experience that we can possess forever and refer to as part of our cultural inheritance. Today, the heather-clad heath of Jutland exists only in small clumps that have …


Grundtvig In America, Joy Ibsen Jan 2018

Grundtvig In America, Joy Ibsen

The Bridge

Who was Nicolaj Frederik Severin Grundtvig? how can we describe this very complex person—as an educator, poet, politician, seer, bishop, theologian, philosopher, hymnwriter, or rebel? We can acknowledge the interesting facts beginning with the alignment of the dates of his life (1783–1872) with those of the Age of the Enlightenment, which might explain why he eventually came to deeply distrust rationalism as the definition of truth. he is known as the father of folk schools and even public education in Denmark. extremely prolific, he wrote or adapted fifteen hundred hymns. his multiplicity and depth as a hymnwriter, poet, and thinker, …


Preserving Nordic Heritage Churches: A New Project Highlights The Architecture, Decorative Arts, And Ethnic Traditions Of Sacred Places In The Upper Midwest, Laurie Kay Sommers Jan 2018

Preserving Nordic Heritage Churches: A New Project Highlights The Architecture, Decorative Arts, And Ethnic Traditions Of Sacred Places In The Upper Midwest, Laurie Kay Sommers

The Bridge

engaging Artists and Communities to Preserve Nordic heritage Churches is a new initiative of Partners for Sacred Places (PSP, www. sacredplaces.org). Founded in 1989, PSP is the only national, nonsectarian, nonprofit organization focused on building the capacity of congregations of historic sacred places to better serve their communities as anchor institutions, nurturing transformation and shaping vibrant, creative communities. The Nordic heritage churches project represents the first broad inventory of Nordic American churches and seeks to raise the profile of Nordic cultural heritage in North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (a geographic area determined by the …


Intervention And Reinvention: Rethinking Airport Amenities, Jens Vange Jan 2018

Intervention And Reinvention: Rethinking Airport Amenities, Jens Vange

The Bridge

Over the past eight years, I’ve had the rare opportunity to explore in excruciating detail one of the most mundane spaces that most of us have experienced: airport restrooms. My immigration experience influenced the outcome of this exploration. My father, erik Vange, immigrated to the US from Denmark during World War II and never moved back. My mom, Lissi, and my sister, Katrine, came over about ten years later. They settled in the Chicago area, and after a few years my parents decided to adopt a child from Denmark. Fortunately, that turned out to be me. I immigrated to the …