Cultural History Commons^™

Preserving Traditional Clothing Identity : An Overview Of The Past And Present Uses Of Aso-Oke By The Ondo People Of Southwest, Nigeria, Evelyn Omotunde Adepeko, Michael Abiodun Oyinloye, Adesimi Oluwa Adepeko, Adebayo Abiodun Adeloye

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Hand-woven fabrics such as aso-oke were the major clothing items especially for the commemoration of traditional ceremonies and festivals in Ondo land before the colonial era in Nigeria. Art historian review methods were adopted for this study by reviewing related literature. Data was gathered from both online sources and physical libraries. The population of the study include the inhabitants in Ondo town, Southwest, Nigeria. The study also used interview for data collection and the data collected was analyzed using the narrative method. This study surveyed the types of traditional aso-oke used by the Ondo people in the past and present …

Beyond Borders : A Comprehensive Exploration Of Tumpat, Kelantan's Culture-Infused Economic Landscape, Sui Chai Yap, Kah Choon Ng

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The culture-based economy holds a crucial role in rural Southeast Asian regions, yet it remains relatively unexplored. This study delves into traditional food products, handicrafts, and cultural goods, examining their factors and significance in Tumpat, Kelantan. Employing semi-structured interviews with local entrepreneurs and inductive content analysis, the research identifies two main categories: factors influencing business initiation and the significance of a clustered pattern in culture-based enterprises. Business location in Tumpat is notably influenced by familial land heritage, resource accessibility, transportation convenience, and labor availability. Businesses adopt a clustered pattern to reduce production costs, share information, and enhance market reach. Beyond …

Revenge Concept As Manifested In Drawings And Narratives Of Ultra-Orthodox Vs. Secular Israeli Jews, Rachel Lev-Wiesel, Iris Manor Binyamini, Michal Divon Schreiber, Gideon Biran, Zohar Estrin, Gal Goldstein, Nir Yosef Shmerts, Shahar Nov, Tali Beja, Maya Gallor, Odeya Landesman Sofer, Lital Miran, Bussakorn Binson, Nisara Jaroenkajornkij

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The current study investigates the revenge concept of ultra-orthodox and secular Israeli Jews, manifesting in drawings and narratives. The convenient sample consisted of thirty-three participants aged 23-61 (12 ultra-orthodox and 21 seculars). This mix-methodology study included the qualitative part, which are two sets of drawings and narratives – “draw an unjust event you experienced” and “draw what you would prefer to happen to the person who unjustly treated you;” and the quantitative part included a self-report questionnaire of the following measures: demographics, history of traumatic events, and feelings of injustice. Comparison between the two groups revealed no differences in the …

Sacred And Profane Dialectics : A Study Of Kecak Ramayana Performing Arts At Uluwatu Temple, Bali Indonesia, Robby Hidajat, Utami Widiati, E. W. Suprihatin, Muhammad ‘Afaf Hasyimy, Surasak Jamnongsarn

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This research focuses on the Ramayana Kecak tourist art in Pecatu Village, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali. The goal is to study the sacred and profane practices in the Ramayana Kecak. In this case the practice of entertainment is accompanied by religious spiritual practices. The method used is a descriptive critical analysis using data from interviews with key informants, observations and a document review. A functional structural theory is used to study the ideas, statements, activities and strategic efforts of the Ramayana Kecak performers. The results are based on the prospective AGIL theory, which explains sacred and profane practices …

Vulnerable Culture: Protecting History In War And Peace, Molly Luce

CMC Senior Theses

Cultural, historic, and religious sites and objects have a strong correlation with the identity of the community they belong to, in addition to that of humanity. Rosilawati et al. assert that “Cultural heritage and social identity exists in correlation and are interconnected. The shared identity associated with one’s cultural background and historic setting may initiate feelings of pride in one’s culture.”^[1]Essentially, the looting and destruction of such sites and antiquities is not only an attack on the tangible, but the very essence of a population. As the War in Ukraine rages on, Ukrainian cultural heritage sites and historic …

“Principles Which Constitute The Only Basis Of The Union” : Virginian Beliefs During The Nullification Crisis, 1832-1833, Sean Elliott Kellogg

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Preceding the American Civil War by three decades, the Nullification Crisis is often overshadowed by that larger conflict. It tends to be thought of only as an event in which the two sides of the war, pro-union and anti-union, coalesced around divisive issues. This perspective obscures the complex ideological loyalties that were in conflict during the crisis. These disagreements were on especially clear display in the influential border state of Virginia, which hosted many different opinions about the relevant issues. The state ultimately chose to steer a middle course. In January 1833, it adopted a set of resolves that rejected …

The Establishment, Ownership, And Leadership Of Southwestern General Hospital In El Paso, Texas, 1905-2023, John Burton

Transcriptions & Other Documents

This detailed history of Southwestern General Hospital in El Paso, Texas is intended to present a factual chronology of an extraordinary institution that was part of the Southwest’s earliest healthcare system development and has served the region, in various capacities, under different owners, and under oftentimes difficult circumstances, for over 116 years.

Tracing the evolution of El Paso as a rapidly growing destination for the treatment of tuberculosis in the early 20^th century, the history follows the pioneers and administrators who built the required facilities, forged partnerships, adapted to ever-changing medical and economic developments, faced competition, changed business models, …

Failing History: How Multinational Institutions Cannot Prevent Cultural Racketeering, Molly Luce

CMC Senior Theses

Cultural racketeering, the looting and trafficking of cultural heritage sites to fund conflict, violence, or terrorism, has become a prevalent issue across the globe in recent years. This paper identifies the main actors, the sellers and buyers, of the looted antiquities and outlines several cases. Sellers, such as ISIS or Al-Qaeda, pillage and traffic sites of cultural, religious, or historic importance as a funding source for their illicit activities. Buyers, which include museums and elite private collectors, purchase these antiquities and inadvertently fund terrorism. The international community has condemned these actors and implemented policies in response. The conventions that multinational …

Map, Census, Museum: Imagining The Malaysian Nation-State And The Malay Identity, Jackson Rockett

Honors Theses

Using historian Benedict Anderson's framework from his seminal text Imagined Communities of examining nation-building and identity construction through colonial artifacts, this thesis turns to maps, censuses, and museums to better understand the colonial and post-colonial imagining of the country that is now known as Malaysia. Reconciling with regional histories that predate the nation-state and defy the contemporary boundaries of territoriality, this thesis largely seeks to elucidate the contestation between colonially-imposed ideas of spatiality, categorization, and the reproduction of history with the modern Malaysian nation-state and the conflation of ethnicity with nationalism from which much of this contestation is derived from.

Introducing Creative City Factors As A Solution In Sustainable Urban Development : A Case Study From Bushehr City In Iran, Pourbeh Tayebeh, Jafarinia Gholamreza, Shamsoddini Ali, Kamran Jafarpour Ghalehteimouri

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Bushehr city is located in one of the provinces rich in both oil and in historical sites with an international port on Persian Gulf. However, it has never been successful in terms of sustainable development and planning. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effective factors in constructing a creative city, as well as its relationship to Bushehr's sustainable urban development. The primary data was collected over the course of 18 years, and the Cochran formula was used to determine the exact size of the statistical population, which was 384 people. Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis, and regression analysis were …

“Hin Le Le” Folk Songs In Phitsanulok Province : Identity And Existence In Times Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sasinut Phongnil

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The objectives of this qualitative research were to investigate (1) the identity of folk songs in Phitsanulok province, Thailand (2) the forms, methods and existence of folk songs during the COVID-19 pandemic, using musicological methodology. The examination of the background, musical characteristics, components and forms at present revealed that the identity of Hin Le Le folk songs is “the songs that reflect the way of life of the locals in Phitsanulok province, keep up with ongoing events for all age groups and are created by the elderly in the community.” The examination of the forms and existence methods of folk …

Philippine Gabaldon Heritage School Buildings In The New Normal : Safety, Sustainability And Human Development Perspectives, Inero Ancho

Journal of Urban Culture Research

As the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted education, stakeholders find means to return to the New Normal through limited face-to-face learning. The Philippine Gabaldon School Buildings (GSBs) are seen as venues where this can happen. Built from 1908 –1915, GSBs were erected during the American colonial government. Republic Act 11194 mandates these buildings’ conservation. Due to its perceived astounding structure and cultural value, a qualitative study was conducted that delved into the existing publicly available documents related to the buildings, for in-depth analysis. The investigation highlights how GSBs potentially address the minimum health standards relevant to the pandemic and limited face-to-face …

Don Mula (Original Dance) And The “Sacred Sound”Of Buddhism: Performing Collective Identity Among The Pwo Karen In Thung Yai, Thailand, Jarun Kanchanapradit, Sooi Beng Tan

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The Don Mula (Original Dance) represents an important part of the collective consciousness and identity of the Pwo Karen people in the Laiwo sub-district, Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary in Western Thailand. Due to modernization and changes that have occurred in Karen society at the turn of the millennium, many functions of the dance have been transformed. While the dance continues to be performed to pay respect to the Rice Goddess, it is employed to educate the younger generation about Buddhist knowledge and Karen beliefs as expressions of "Karen-ness." Through in-depth interviews and a study of the musical lyrics and …

Integrating Cultural Planning Approach In Urban Parks : Case Of Fateh Garden, Iran, Mehdi Nilipour

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Cultural planning has been used in some instances of urban planning and regeneration, but it is less frequently used in the planning of urban parks. The present study proposes a cultural planning model for urban parks and provides cultural planning recommendations to improve the condition of Fateh Garden as a case study. The four steps of this study are case study selection, cultural mapping, cultural assessment, and cultural planning Cultural mapping has been done using ethnography and the grounded theory method, cultural assessment has been done using interviews with the park authorities, and cultural planning has been done using creative …

Identifying The Key Value Of Urban Architectural Heritages Vis-A-Vis Human Awareness : Case Study In Hanoi, Nhu Dao Thi

Journal of Urban Culture Research

Conservation of urban architectural heritage works (UAH) is an important test for cities to increase their cultural and economic competitiveness. However, UAH preservation mostly focuses on physical value, which results in a contradiction between conservation and development. Moreover, new contexts of 4.0 technology and urbanization are deepening the impermanence, transformation of all things, in which of people and their awareness - the beneficiaries of UAHs. Therefore, heritage conservation is facing a big problem related to the truly worthy values of UAH that need to be preserved to meet the development needs, society's change and the growing maturity of people's awareness. …

Reinterpreting Performing Arts For The 21st Century In Reference To The Narai Avatara Performance, Naraphong Charassri

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article aims to share insights gained about how traditional arts and heritage can be reinterpreted through creative performing arts to keep them vibrant in 21st century urban life. Drawn from a dissertation length piece of research: ‘Reinterpreting Performing Arts for the 21st Century in Reference to the Narai Avatara Performance.’ The practice-based research on which this article is based was conducted in the context of selected urban areas in Thailand, like Bangkok, by using six methods: research literature, personal experience, field study, media, symposium, and interviews. Data collection was carried out from December 1996 through April 2022. Interviews were …

Cemetery Kampung : Spatial Characteristics And Exploration Of Identity, Lulut Indrianingrum, Nany Yuliastuti, Suzanna Ratih Sari

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This research discusses the spatial characteristics of urban kampung (village) interaction with a cemetery by investigating the physical, social and economic effects. The snowball approach was employed to collect data from 16 key informants such as community leaders, cemetery caretakers, visitors at the Bergota Public Cemetery (BPC) and traders in the Bukit Bergota area. Primary data consisted of field notes, in-depth interviews with secondary data being historical documents of the area, government and community-based documents. Using case study research design, the study was carried out by categorizing kampungs into three different zones as analytical units to reflect its character as …

Reflection On Sepha Phrai : A Story Of Commoners In The City Of Bangkok, Dusadee Swangviboonpong

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article deals with a contemporary literature entitled Sepha Phrai written in form of klon sepha Thai poem by Suchit Wongthet, a well-known Thai poet. It is a reflection on the story of Sepha Phrai which reveals the life and spirit of commoners in the city of Bangkok, telling the story of a proletarian family, starting from the fall of Ayutthaya period in 1767 up until the bicentenary of Bangkok in 1982. The story embraces four generations with Nai Get and his wife being the first. Nai Get’s descendants are of various professions including builder, musician, business manager, prostitute, lawyer …

Henri Lefebvre’S Spatial Theory As Methodology – A Methodological Reconsideration Of The Spatial Triad, Authors Johan Vaide

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This article presents a methodological toolset for qualitative socio-spatial analyses based on sociologist Henri Lefebvre’s spatial theory (Lefebvre, 1991). While Lefebvre has been extensively treated as an urban theorist, his work has not been widely explored from a methodological perspective. In the article, Lefebvre’s spatial triad is particularly used to develop a concrete methodology for qualitative socio-spatial analyses. While simultaneously focusing on general methodological aspects, this article draws on how the author applied Lefebvre’s spatial theory in a sociological study about intercultural engagements in Shanghai in the context of China’s opening up reforms. More specifically, Lefebvre’s spatial triad is discussed …

From Displaced To Displacers: Scottish Crofters, First Nation Peoples And Commons Enclosure From The 1700s To The 1800s, Anna Herrington

Theses and Dissertations--History

In the 18^th and 19^th centuries, the enclosure of common systems shaped the displacement of people on a global scale whilst bringing the people---Scottish Highland crofters and Mi’kmaq First Nation Canadians from the margins where they have dwelled for centuries in historical scholarship to of the centre of not just their history, but our collective history. Both populations experienced attacks on their ties to their lands, resources, and culture through enclosure. The enclosure process lasted over two centuries and was interspersed with violent protest, proactive resistance, interspersed with periods of acceptance and determination against their forced removals. Investigating …

“Ingenious Entanglements”: Sheriffs, Capitalism, And Civil Society In America, 1750-1850, Chad R. Holmes

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sheriffs served as indispensable legal actors who facilitated the expansion of democracy and capitalist transformation, processes that eventually limited their ability to profit from their work and diminished their social status. This dissertation is organized around specific sheriffs and the actions they performed to illustrate how county officers influenced society beyond the execution of court orders. These men—Rhode Island’s Beriah Brown, Pennsylvania’s John Barker, and Massachusetts’s Elisha Porter, Luke Baldwin, and Charles P. Sumner—believed they understood how to balance community demands and state directives in ways that would produce personal profit and greater authority. The work of these officers and …

Bibliography For "Martin Luther King Jr. Day: A Display Of Books Honoring Martin Luther King Jr.", Isabella Piechota, Kalea Brown

Library Displays and Bibliographies

A bibliography created to accompany a display about Martin Luther King, Jr. Day in January 2023 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University.

[Review Of The Book Living The Dream: The Contested History Of Martin Luther King Jr. Day, By D. T. Fleming]., Marvin T. Chiles

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Navigating Femininity: Queen Elizabeth I And The Armada Portrait, Julia Maurer

Capstone Showcase

By analyzing the iconographic program of the Armada Portrait, this essay demonstrates the various visual strategies that Queen Elizabeth I employed in order to navigate certain gendered, cultural barriers present in Early Modern England. I argue throughout this essay that Elizabeth was meticulous in her delicate dance of bolstering her individual authority, while not radically undermining the patriarchal dispensation in which she lived and ruled. In particular, I demonstrate that Queen Elizabeth I effectively utilized the visual arts to control the public perception of her reign in ways unique to female regnants, as she both confirmed and denied her femininity. …

Understanding American Nationalism And White Supremacy Through The Legacy Of Christopher Columbus, Júlia Da Silva

Capstone Showcase

Christopher Columbus’ landfall in 1492 was a pivotal historical event which set in motion several political, economic and social processes. Despite the horrors and atrocities instigated by his actions, Columbus continues to be celebrated across the world, particularly in the United States. Although there has been a recent rise in critical scholarship on Columbus, his legacy remains an intrinsic part of the construction of American nationalism. I argue that American national identity and the representations of Christopher Columbus are intertwined, as they have sustained each other across time and collectively reinforce colonial tools.

Black Deathways: An African Methodist History, 1829-1916, Christina M. Varney

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This study will focus on the transformations of death practices and the shifting roles of death workers from 1829-1916. The Postbellum portion of this study will focus on African Methodist communities in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee as practices and people moved West to the states of Montana, Colorado, and California. These practices experienced changes as a result of rising literacy rates, the establishment of Black churches, and from the movement of Black people within the South. More changes occurred with the creation of mutual aid societies and Black-owned funeral homes. Black funeral directors …

Military Cooperation And The Relocation Of Quapaw And French Settlements In Colonial Arkansas: A Case Study In Colonial International Relations, Morris S. Arnold

Arkansas Archeological Survey Academic Papers

A previous article made the case that the Quapaw Indians had played a role in the defense of Arkansas Post, and had entered several colonial wars on the side of the French, during the time that France had claimed sovereignty over the Arkansas country.

The purpose of the present effort is to describe and explain the origin and nature of the alliance between the Quapaws and the French, and to identify the considerations that led the tribe to conclude that it was often in its national interest to collaborate with the French in their defensive and offensive military operations. The …

A Nation On The Periphery Of History: A Discussion Of Poland-Lithuania During The Reformation, Dillon Piorkowski

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project hopes to establish several key points. One of which is that Poland is unfairly represented in Western historiography. Specifically, this means that in the English-speaking academic world, Poland is discussed disproportionately. Countries like Germany, France, and Britain have thousands of pages written about them discussing their roles during the Reformation. But Poland does not. This is evidenced by the many Western textbooks that misrepresent the nation. In turn, the project will use these various textbooks as evidence. The second point this project aims to cover is why Poland’s underappreciation is unfair. Simply demonstrating how Poland is underrepresented is …

Episcopal Church Home For Children Records - Accession 31, Episcopal Church Home For Children

Manuscript Collection

This collection is a valuable source on the Church’s historical effort to extend its services for the social improvement of South Carolina (in this case the Episcopal Diocese’s program for destitute children.) While there is information on the Episcopal Home for Children from its beginning in 1850 to 1967, the actual records do not start until 1866. A centennial history of the Episcopal Home will serve as an aid and general guideline to the researcher. (See box 1, folder 1). The collection consists of minutes, reports of the annual meeting, general correspondence, superintendent’s records, health records, attendance registers, financial records, …

“Laugh, When I Gives You A Joke”: The Forms And Functions Of Humor In The Great War, Samuel Sakoulas Griffin

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

In today’s popular memory, the First World War experience is not well-known for its humor. Yet during and after the war, soldiers produced a small but significant wave of wartime joke books and humorous war-story collections, in part to cope with their experiences in terrible, industrialized war, and also as a way to interpret, commemorate, and remember the war. These humorous interpretations and memories of the war clashed with the dominant literary reaction to the war, that of the mutilation of bodies and pointless deaths. But humor appeared in the midst of the slaughter, and today serves as an opening …