History Commons^™

An American Enterprise? British Participation In Us Food Relief Programmes (1914-1923), Tammy M. Proctor

History Faculty Publications

This article examines a particularly fraught zone where the British and American conceptions of food aid and moral guidance conflicted – the former enemy nations of Austria and Germany. These countries were considered special cases for food relief, not only because the British and American public had little interest in feeding their former foes, but also because each was seen by aid officials as societies that might succumb to social revolution if food security was not established. While the Americans had established a massive child-feeding operation in Europe under the auspices of the American Relief Administration's European Children's Fund and …

Pregnancy, Motherhood, And Choice In Twentieth-Century Arizona By Mary S. Melcher (Review), Linda English

History Faculty Publications

Mary Melcher examines a host of issues associated with reproduction in Arizona in the last century, including childbirth, midwifery, infant mortality rates, pre- and post-natal care, contraception, and abortion. She argues that “this vital component of women’s experiences—reproduction and the choices related to it—has been affected by environmental, political, and cultural factors in Arizona and the West during the course of the twentieth century” (178). With respect to environment, for example, birth attendants and caregivers in the state traveled vast expanses to reach patients in rural settings. Consider the difficulty of attending to the health needs of those living in …

"A Home For Poets": The Emergence Of A Liberal Curriculum For Elementary Teachers In Victorian Britain, Christopher Bischof

History Faculty Publications

In this article I explore student culture beyond the classroom to argue that there existed an informal liberal curriculum which embraced a general spirit of intellectualism and the pursuit of a wide range of knowledge dealing with the human condition and the state of society. I also offer a new reading of the formal curriculum at training colleges by examining the formal curriculum alongside student accounts of their experiences of it, student responses to assignments, commonly used textbooks, and educationalists’ discourses about teachers’ training. While acknowledging that the formal curriculum emphasized rote memorization and was narrow, I argue that there …

Passion And Conflict: Medieval Islamic Views Of The West, Karen C. Pinto

History Faculty Publications

This article analyzes the representation of al-Andalus and North Africa in medieval Islamic maps from the eleventh to the fifteenth centuries. In contrast to other maps of the Mediterranean, which display a veneer of harmony and balance, the image of the Maghrib is by deliberate design one of conflict and confusion; of love and hate; of male vs. female; of desire vs rejection. This paper interprets and explains the reasons behind the unusual depiction of Andalus and the Maghrib by medieval Islamic cartographers. In addition, this article develops a new methodology of interpreting medieval Islamic maps employing a deconstruction of …

H-Diplo Roundtable On Paul Thomas Chamberlin. The Global Offensive: The United States, The Palestine Liberation Organization And The Making Of The Post-Cold War Order, Douglas Little, Jeffrey James Byrne, Craig Daigle, William B. Quandt, Brad Simpson, Paul Chamberlin

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Conceiving The Tanganyika-Zanzibar Union In The Midst Of The Cold War: Internal And International Factors, Ethan Sanders

History Faculty Publications

To what extent was international pressure placed on Nyerere and Karume to unify their two states in April 1964? The argument made is that even though Americans were initially very pleased with the outcome of the Union—because they thought it would help stem the spread of communism in the region—this was not a Western-initiated plan forced upon East African leaders. Indeed, the evidence shows that Americans were largely in the dark and in fact very frustrated by their lack of influence on the situation. Instead, the Union merely served as a confluence of African and American interests. The internal factors …

"Knowledge Will Be Manifold": Daniel 12.4 And The Idea Of Intellectual Progress In The Middle Ages, J. R. Webb

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tennessee’S Black Postwar Emigration Movements, 1866–1880, Selena Sanderfer

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Vanguard Of The Atlantic World: Creating Modernity, Nation, And Democracy In Nineteenth-Century Latin America, James E. Sanders

History Faculty Publications

When Mexican Conservatives offered Maximilian the throne, he assumed that their desire for a monarch meant that the republican experiment in Latin America had failed. Even though he fell in defeat, Latin America’s importance for the development of republicanism and democracy and the shaping of the modern Atlantic world is similarly dismissed today. This refusal to grant the republican experiments in Latin America legitimacy has occluded a powerful alternative possibility for organizing society and understanding the future that emerged in nineteenth- century Latin America. As noted in the prologue, I denominate this alternative “American republican modernity.” In this counter mentalité, …

Building A Community Of Inquiry And Analytical Skills In An Online History Course, Sheri Stover, Sean Pollock

History Faculty Publications

The purpose of this case study was to assess a history instructor’s attempt to redesign an introductory history survey course. Traditionally, it has been taught in a face-to-face environment within the university’s core curriculum program. It was redesigned as a synchronous online course that provided students with opportunities to work collaboratively to build a community of inquiry and to develop the analytical skills needed to understand course materials and compete in the 21st -century workforce. Students were required to attend daily 100-minute web conferencing sessions consisting of mini-lectures, polling questions and discussions in large and small groups (i.e., “breakout rooms”). …

Mexican Revolution At Age 100, Irving W. Levinson

History Faculty Publications

For many, the Mexican Revolution that began in 1910 was the most important event in Mexican history. Although the immediate causes of that revolution were the conditions brought about by the 1876 to 1910 dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz causes far older that those need to be considered. So, I’ll spend the next five minutes on a quick review of early Mexican history.

The History Manifesto, Jo Guldi

History Faculty Publications

How should historians speak truth to power -- and why does it matter? Why is five hundred years better than five months or five years as a planning horizon? And why is history -- especially long-term history -- so essential to understanding the multiple pasts which give rise to our conflicted present? The History Manifesto is a call to arms to historians and everyone interested in the role of history in contemporary society.

Review Of The Comedia Of Virginity: Mary And The Politics Of Seventeenth-Century Spanish Theater, Elizabeth Lehfeldt, Mirzam Perez

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

[Review Of] James S. Amelang. Parallel Histories: Muslims And Jews In Inquisitorial Spain. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2013. Xi + 208 Pp. $25.95. Isbn: 978-0-8071-5410-6., Gretchen Starr-Lebeau

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Power Elite, Nicole Sackley

History Faculty Publications

Over the past decade, scholars have begun to write the international history of the foundations. Influenced by the transnational turn in U.S. history as well as growing interdisciplinary interest in the role of non-state actors on the world stage, scholars such as Sunil Amrith, Volker Berghahn, Mary Brown Bullock, Anne-Emmanuelle Birn, Matthew Connelly, David Ekbladh, David Engerman, and John Krige have treated U.S. foundations as important international players. Some of these scholars have focused on foundations’ efforts in particular regions or nations. Others have shown how Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Ford helped to construct new global problems (underdevelopment, hunger, population control) …

Comrade Father Thomas Mcgrady: A Priest's Quest For Equality Through Socialism, Jacob H. Dorn

History Faculty Publications

The congregation of St. Anthony's parish in Bellevue, Kentucky, just across the river from Cincinnati, was stunned on Sunday, December 7, 1902, when Father Thomas McGrady, its beloved pastor, announced his resignation. According to the fullest newspaper account, "there was bowing of heads, women and children wept." With great affection, the account continued, "almost all of the congregation lingered and crowded around their beloved pastor, weeping and pleading with him not to leave them." He told them he would remain in the community, "only not as their priest."

This account examines McGrady's decision to become a socialist, his experience trying …

An Unconventional Challenge To Apartheid: The Ivorian Dialogue Diplomacy With South Africa, 1960-1978, Abou B. Bamba

History Faculty Publications

This article focuses on the dialogue diplomacy that Ivorian President Félix Houphouët-Boigny initiated in the late 1960s to engage apartheid South Africa. Although contemporary observers and subsequent scholars (have) derided the scheme as an act of acquiescence and even betrayal, I argue that Ivory Coast's dialogue diplomacy was neither accommodationist nor dependent on the prodding of neocolonial powers such as France. A Pan-Africanist extension of the home-grown neotraditional practice of Dialogue ivoirienne, the diplomatic initiative never got the backing of other African states. A close analysis of the Ivory Coast's maneuvers in the context of an increasing radicalization of …

The Manipulus Florum, Johannes Nider’S Formicarius, And Late Medieval Misogyny In The Construction Of Witches Prior To The Malleus Maleficarum, Chris L. Nighman

History Faculty Publications

This article demonstrates and analyses Johannes Nider’s reception of Thomas of Ireland’s Manipulus florum, a popular early fourteenth-century florilegium, in composing the fifth book of his Formicarius, a very influential text for the development of the gendered witch stereotype in the fifteenth century. It also examines the lemmata “Mulier” and “Coniugium” in the Manipulus, arguing that Thomas of Ireland’s construction of those topics was essentially misogamous, rather than misogynous, though its reception by Nider was informed by misogyny.

Stealing Cars: Technology And Society From The Model T To The Gran Torino, John Alfred Heitmann, Rebecca H. Morales

History Faculty Publications

Stealing Cars brings together expertise from the history of technology and cultural history as well as city planning and transborder studies to produce a compelling and detailed work that raises questions concerning American priorities and values. Drawing on sources that include interviews, government documents, patents, sociological and psychological studies, magazines, monographs, scholarly periodicals, film, fiction, and digital gaming, Heitmann and Morales tell a story that highlights both human creativity and some of the paradoxes of American life.

Roman Columbarium Tombs And Slave Identities, Dorian Borbonus

History Faculty Publications

This chapter explores the social identities of slaves through ancient material culture in order to articulate the relationship between ancient and modern slavery. This case study centers on columbarium tombs, collective burial monuments in the city of Rome used during the early imperial period (first century C.E.). Columbaria feature numerous funerary inscriptions, many of which unmistakably identify the deceased as having been a slave or freed slave. The transparency of this information is deceptive since these texts were subject to choice and social convention. However, the choice in wording reveals the voices of slaves and offers glimpses of their social …

Local Critiques Of Global Development: Patriotism In Late Colonial Buganda, Carol Summers

History Faculty Publications

Interviewed by an incredulous anthropologist in 1955, an elderly Paulo Lukongwa insisted that more than half a century of colonial development policies had brought almost nothing to his country. Writing was new and wonderful, he admitted, and he gave European colonizers credit for cars and bicycles that made travel faster. But otherwise, nothing was new. Martin Southwold, the young anthropologist, suggested that clocks were new, and Lukongwa pointed out that they’d had roosters to wake them up. Surely the gramophone was progress, Southwold asserted, and Lukongwa responded that when they had wanted music, they called people to play—and what was …

Review Of Legacy Of The Cold War, Günter Bischof

History Faculty Publications

Review of Erbe des Kalten Krieges (Legacy of the Cold War) by Bernd Greiner, Tim B. Muller, and Klaas Voß.

Brief History Of Brazil, Irving W. Levinson

History Faculty Publications

Brazil a nation of 3,286,487 square miles and home to some 194,000,000 people also possesses the sixth-largest economy in the world. I’d be providing a very brief history of her earlier centuries, a more detailed description of the modern era, a look at the economy, and a few Brazilian refreshments.

Deflation Troughs, Water, And Prehistoric Occupation On The Margins Of The South Texas Sand Sheet, Juan L. Gonzalez, Russell K. Skowronek, Bobbie L. Lovett

History Faculty Publications

Within the South Texas Plains, the area broadly defined by the Rio Grande to the south and the Nueces River to the north, a distance of ca. 175 km, evidence of open human occupation is remarkably abundant. Because it is predominantly a region of loose, sandy soils and active and relict sand dunes where wind processes dominate, the area is known as the South Texas Sand Sheet (STSS). There is no running water within the STSS and all streams are ephemeral. Existing drainage systems are small, localized, and not integrated, carrying water for a few days and up to two …

Osmanli Balkan Mirasi Ve Türk Millî Kimliğinin Oluşumu (Ottoman Balkan Heritage And The Construction Of Turkish National Identity), Tamer Balci

History Faculty Publications

This study covers the influence of Ottoman Balkan Heritage on the construction of Turkish national identity. In order to shed light on the intricate correlation among the Ottoman heritage, the Balkans and Turkish national identity, this article presents that while the Turkish republican elite took a negative stance on the Ottoman Empire to create a secular nation-state, Balkan migrants’ view on Islam as the main component of their identity helped to shape the creation of Turkish national identity.

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Bu çalışma Osmanlı Balkan mirasının Türk millî kimliğinin oluşturulmasındaki etkilerini incelemektedir. Osmanlı mirası, Balkanlar ve Türk millî kimliği arasındaki münasebeti aydınlatabilmek …

A Room Of His Own: A Literary-Cultural Study Of Victorian Clubland [Book Review], Amy Milne-Smith

History Faculty Publications

A review of Barbara Black’s A Room of His Own: A Literary Cultural Study of Victorian Clubland, an exploration of a surprisingly understudied Victorian institution: the gentlemen’s club.

Thomas Moore’S Image Of Ireland: Real Or Commercialized, John B. Roney

History Faculty Publications

Thomas Moore was Irish, with his father’s pedigree from the Kerry Gaeltacht, and since it mattered a great deal to most Irish of the time, he was Catholic. However, after his studies at Trinity College, he sought a life in England, married a Protestant woman and had his children baptized and raised Protestant. He became a very popular poet, singer and entertainer, and friend to many English aristocrats, including Lord Byron and Prime Minister Lord John Russell. Yet, at the same time Moore ardently defended Irish independence and Catholic freedoms. Underneath his romantic poetry lay a sometimes scathing critique of …

Review: 'The Rise Of Liberal Religion: Book Culture And American Spirituality In The Twentieth Century', William Vance Trollinger

History Faculty Publications

Laubach’s story—in its emphasis on the spiritual benefits of reading, mysticism, and interfaith encounters— serves as the perfect coda to Hedstrom’s terrific study of religious liberalism in twentieth-century America. The Rise of Liberal Religion joins an expanding corpus of work—most notably Gary Dorrien’s three-volume The Making of American Liberal Theology (2001, 2003, 2006) and Leigh Eric Schmidt’s Restless Souls: The Making of American Spirituality from Emerson to Oprah (2005)—that provides balance to the substantive scholarly attention recently given to conservative Protestantism. This scholarship suggests—and The Rise of Liberal Religion is explicit in this regard—that there is much more to the …

An Assignment From Our Students: An Undergraduate View Of The Historical Profession, Edward L. Ayers

History Faculty Publications

The students confidently measured the world through what they knew, and what they knew was popular culture. That culture, often electronic in one way or another, was more pervasive and powerful than anything else they had experienced, including school. The only history books most had seen were high school textbooks, books they universally detested. The students, not surprisingly, liked the idea that historical understanding arrives in many forms

Modernity, Melancholy, Memory, And Filth: New Perspectives On Russian And Soviet Cities, Lisa A. Kirschenbaum

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.