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Articles 361 - 390 of 50238
Full-Text Articles in History
Are Super Pacs Dangerous To American Democracy?, Mason Lee Compton
Are Super Pacs Dangerous To American Democracy?, Mason Lee Compton
The Penguin Review
In the 2024 election cycle, just ten individuals contributed over $1 billion to Super PACs: more money than millions of ordinary Americans donated collectively.1 Reports described this select group as “an unelected shadow cabinet,” capable of reshaping entire campaigns from behind the scenes through rapid ad buys, targeted messaging, and electoral pressure. None of this would have been possible before 2010, when the Supreme Court’s Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission decision– combined with the D.C. Circuit’s ruling in SpeechNow.org v. FEC– dramatically dismantled long-standing campaign finance restrictions.2 3 These decisions opened the door for unlimited independent expenditures, giving rise …
On Being A "Flâneur" (& Why It Still Matters), Dalton D. Conden
On Being A "Flâneur" (& Why It Still Matters), Dalton D. Conden
The Penguin Review
The French word "flâneur" gets translated as a wanderer, but that never really captures it. It’s not just walking—it’s observing. Lingering. Letting a city reveal itself to you without needing to control it.
The Fall Of Saigon And Its Legacy In The United States, Logan J. Kemp
The Fall Of Saigon And Its Legacy In The United States, Logan J. Kemp
The Penguin Review
The topic of South Vietnam has always been one close to home. My mother and grandma were evacuated from Saigon before the country fell to North Vietnam in 1975. They hopped on a US military helicopter, taking multiple stops on ships and islands before eventually landing in Orange County, California. Because of the evacuation, my family members were forced to start a new life; however, it was better than being sent to a re-education camp. My Grandma had done some business with an American, and she could have lost her life if she had been sent to the camps. Tens …
What Bombs Cannot Occupy: Memory, Heritage, And War In Ukraine, Dalton D. Conden
What Bombs Cannot Occupy: Memory, Heritage, And War In Ukraine, Dalton D. Conden
The Penguin Review
Air-raid sirens have become part of the daily soundscape in Ukrainian cities. They interrupt meals, classes, conversations, and sleep. When they blare, people gather what they can and move quickly sometimes to shelters, sometimes to basements, sometimes nowhere at all. Families lock their doors without knowing whether they will ever turn the key again. Children carry backpacks filled with whatever seemed important in the moment: a photograph, a stuffed animal, a book pulled hastily from a shelf. Around them, buildings that once anchored everyday life—churches, museums, historic neighborhoods— have been damaged or destroyed.
Q&A: On Being A College Student In Ukraine, 2025, Katherine A. Watt, Heidi K. Smith
Q&A: On Being A College Student In Ukraine, 2025, Katherine A. Watt, Heidi K. Smith
The Penguin Review
Nataliia is a nineteen year old university student in Kiev, Ukraine. Her country has been at war since 2014 when Russia first invaded Crimea, a region in the Southwest of Ukraine. Four years into Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Nataliia agreed to sit with the Penguin Review for a Zoom interview to discuss the current state of affairs, the experience of being a student during a time of war, and her hope for the country's future.
Annual Archaeology Update: The Valley Of Kings, Sophia Shapiro
Annual Archaeology Update: The Valley Of Kings, Sophia Shapiro
The Penguin Review
There can be no contest for the Review’s annual archaeological highlight for 2025. Exactly one hundred years after Egyptologists discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamun (King Tut) in the Valley of Kings, archaeologists discovered a series of steps buried by rockfall.
New Ways To Address The Plastic Problem, Andrew J. Hanna
New Ways To Address The Plastic Problem, Andrew J. Hanna
The Penguin Review
Since 1950, the world has produced some 9.2 billion metric tonnes of plastic.1 Other sources place the total closer to ten billion metric tonnes Furthermore, nearly 500 million tonnes of new plastic are manufactured each year– a figure that's projected to increase to 1.2 billion tonnes by 2060.2 The environmental effects of all this plastic production and pollution are disturbing. Because most plastics are synthetic–meaning they contain "no molecules found in nature"– they can't decompose. Instead, they just break down into smaller and smaller pieces, becoming microplastics (less than five millimeters (5 million nanometers) across) and then nanoplastics (less than …
History Of Tarot, Sophia Shapiro
History Of Tarot, Sophia Shapiro
The Penguin Review
Believe it or not, this modern mystical favorite has a very different origin story! Tarot was originally a trump card game, Tarocchini, developed in 15th-century Italy.
The War On War: Desensitization's Effects On Society's Moral Fabric, Chelsea E. Johnson, Andrew J. Cudden
The War On War: Desensitization's Effects On Society's Moral Fabric, Chelsea E. Johnson, Andrew J. Cudden
The Penguin Review
In an era of constant connectivity, violence is no longer distant or intermittent. Wars, political repression, mass shootings, and humanitarian crises now unfold in real time, shared instantly through twenty-four-hour news cycles and social media. Never before has global suffering been so visible. Yet this unprecedented access has failed to produce sustained moral urgency or collective responsibility. Instead, violence becomes increasingly utilised as fleeting content–viewed, shared, and then displaced by the next trending event. This paradox raises a pressing ethical question: how can a world more informed of suffering become so morally disengaged from it?
Fighting For The Story: How Identity Shapes The Israel–Hamas War, Ana Lilia Zavala
Fighting For The Story: How Identity Shapes The Israel–Hamas War, Ana Lilia Zavala
The Penguin Review
The war between the state of Israel and the militant group Hamas is often portrayed in strictly strategic or material terms, from rockets and tunnels to ground offensives and massive casualties. Yet what truly lies at the core of the conflict in the Gaza Strip is not merely a struggle over territory or security, but a struggle of identities, narratives, and legacies of harm. From my constructivist standpoint, I believe that actors act not just because of “national interests,” but because of how they understand their own identity, how they interpret the other, and how normative structures shape their choices. …
Present Day North Korea, Milo Fisher-Golton
Present Day North Korea, Milo Fisher-Golton
The Penguin Review
The government of North Korea poses an extreme threat to the world while suppressing its citizens’ freedom, so why doesn't this topic get the attention it warrants in the United States? North Korea has been the cause of two major inhumane issues for some time now: as a nuclear threat to all other countries, and as a human rights suppressor to its own population under its communist dictator, Kim Jong Un. North Korea is at odds with its geographical neighbors, the United States, and other global powers. Their access to nuclear weapons– along with their alliances with Russia and China– …
Has Politics Always Been Like This?, Tyler Bernius
Has Politics Always Been Like This?, Tyler Bernius
The Penguin Review
There are some things that I, even as someone relatively new to politics, know are not normal–the blatant disregard of the Constitution, the seemingly rapid collapse of checks and balances, and the twisting and extending of presidential powers, to name a few. What is not clear to me, however, is whether people's reactions, attitudes, and interactions towards politics have always been this way. Growing up, I imagined politicians were respectable people who worked in the best interests of our country and who, even when disagreements did arise, settled problems with structured deliberation. I assumed voters looked at politics with logic …
Faculty Mentor's Note | Editor's Note, Aaron Richardson, Sophia Shapiro
Faculty Mentor's Note | Editor's Note, Aaron Richardson, Sophia Shapiro
The Penguin Review
No abstract provided.
Lanthorn, Vol. 60, No. 15, April 20, 2026, Grand Valley State University
Lanthorn, Vol. 60, No. 15, April 20, 2026, Grand Valley State University
Volume 60, August 4, 2025 – April 20, 2026
Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.
Pengantar Dari Editor Vol. 16 No. 1 (April) 2026, Rahayu Surtiati
Pengantar Dari Editor Vol. 16 No. 1 (April) 2026, Rahayu Surtiati
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
This edition of Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 16 No. 1 (2026) presents a range of studies that affirm culture as a dynamic domain continuously shaped by processes of negotiation, transformation, and reinterpretation across diverse social, historical, and political contexts. The articles explore the creation and innovation of artistic practices as representations of collective identity, the dialectics between preservation and renewal of tradition, and the strategic role of culture in national development. In addition, issues of historiography and colonial legacy are examined through postcolonial perspectives that offer new readings of Indonesian art, while discussions on values and social structures address …
How Has The War On Drugs Influenced American Political Discourse, Fabiola Gamez-Lopez
How Has The War On Drugs Influenced American Political Discourse, Fabiola Gamez-Lopez
Undergraduate Research Symposium Lightning Talks
The War on Drugs was a political initiative designed to eliminate illegal drug use and trafficking through law enforcement and punitive legal measures. Early policies marked a shift from relative deregulation in the early 1900s to a transition to “zero tolerance” policies. Over time, American political discourse has evolved from a strict legal enforcement frame to raising awareness of drug addiction as a public health concern, with growing attitudes of reformation of the previous frame. The methodology used in this study consisted of a qualitative analysis of existing literature, including historical policy documentation, political rhetoric, and scholarly research. By comparing …
"A Pre-Eminently Christian Life": The Seventh Earl Of Shaftesbury As A Guide For Modern Political Engagement, Clara Kernodle
"A Pre-Eminently Christian Life": The Seventh Earl Of Shaftesbury As A Guide For Modern Political Engagement, Clara Kernodle
Harding Undergraduate Research Conference
Society has suffered in the absence of Christian courage. Today, an antagonistic culture is feeding an increasingly antagonistic government. Christians do not know how to “win” – we do not even know how to engage. Rod Dreher's "The Benedict Option" encourages us to give up and retreat. Andrew Isker's "The Boniface Option" encourages warfare-style aggression. But Dreher’s and Isker’s approaches each take an aspect of the solution and expand it out of proportion. The proper solution is found in the historic Christian tradition. The Church has always understood her role within culture as one not of fear and loathing, but …
Massey Construction Award $444,977 Contract For Addition To Florence State's Collier Library, Florence Times
Massey Construction Award $444,977 Contract For Addition To Florence State's Collier Library, Florence Times
Documents
Addition to Collier Library, 1961
Local History Is Preserved By College, Florence Times
Local History Is Preserved By College, Florence Times
Documents
Preserving local history within Collier Library and The Susan K. Vaugh Museum at FSC, 1959
Library Addition Underway, Florence Times
Library Addition Underway, Florence Times
Documents
Construction is underway for new addition to Collier Library, 1961
Worth Noting, Daily Corinthian
Worth Noting, Daily Corinthian
Documents
The Friends of Libraries U.S.A. designated Collier Library as a Literary Landmark for the works of T.S. Stribling, who won a Pulitzer Price for The Store (1932). Stribling was a graduate of the university.
Erected In 1939: $100,000 Library Is Serving Fsc Students, Florence Times
Erected In 1939: $100,000 Library Is Serving Fsc Students, Florence Times
Documents
Collier Library serves the students and faculty of FSC very well
Where Do Policy Demanders Come From? Protestants And Party Formation In The Antebellum Period, John W. Compton
Where Do Policy Demanders Come From? Protestants And Party Formation In The Antebellum Period, John W. Compton
Political Science Faculty Articles and Research
The early 1830s were years of intense religious fervor, when well-organized moral reform movements seemed destined to remake the political landscape. Curiously, however, the party system that emerged from this period was premised on the exclusion of moral issues from party politics. How did the early Jacksonian Democrats and Whigs manage to construct an essentially amoral party system during a decade marked by large-scale moral reform movements? And why did the resulting system unravel in the mid-1850s? Answering these questions requires shifting the focus from party activists and elected officials to organized religion. Specifically, I show that the nation's largest …
The Sensationalizing Of Presidential Assassinations In Mass Media Throughout American History, Lindsay E. Smith
The Sensationalizing Of Presidential Assassinations In Mass Media Throughout American History, Lindsay E. Smith
Undergraduate Theses
This project explores how mass media has shaped the public response to presidential assassinations across American history. By examining the deaths of Abraham Lincoln (1865), James A. Garfield (1881), William McKinley (1901), and John F. Kennedy (1963), we can trace how evolving media technologies – such as newspapers, yellow journalism, radio broadcasts, and live television coverage – have sensationalized violence, politicized tragedy, and transformed periods of national mourning into mass spectacles. The thesis analyzes reporting methods, narrative framing, and the news industry to show how each has influenced emotional response, political landscapes, and eventual presidential legacy. Ultimately, we find that …
Memorial Amphitheater, No Author
Memorial Amphitheater, No Author
Documents
Short news article about the Memorial Amphitheater
The Amphitheater Plays A Major Role At The College, Sara Spain
The Amphitheater Plays A Major Role At The College, Sara Spain
Documents
A feature from the editor of The Flor-Ala in 1956 about the Amphitheater
Proposed Memorial For Soldier-Students Of State Normal School, Mrs. Susan J. Price
Proposed Memorial For Soldier-Students Of State Normal School, Mrs. Susan J. Price
Documents
A sketch and proposal for a memorial for soldier-students at State Normal School
Florence Gets Special Stage, Montgomery Alabama Journal And The Times
Florence Gets Special Stage, Montgomery Alabama Journal And The Times
Documents
Memorial to Men Enlisted in World War Added to State Teachers College, 1930s
Advancing The Study Of Politics And The Brain: Targets For Research On Neurology And Political Behavior, Glenn W. Rainey Jr.
Advancing The Study Of Politics And The Brain: Targets For Research On Neurology And Political Behavior, Glenn W. Rainey Jr.
Commonwealth Review of Political Science
In this paper I argue that advancing research on neurology is creating important opportunities for political scientists to integrate its findings into their research, particularly with regard to the effects of emotional processes on political behavior. I provide a general background on neural anatomy, genetics, and neurobiological chemicals, and I briefly review techniques of neurological research, the findings that have been developing, and the limitations on the research. I provide an overview of selected key neural anatomy, and neurotransmitters and hormones, that play a role in neurological functions, and particularly in the development and expression of emotions. I then suggest …
President João Goulart And The Breakdown Of U.S.-Brazilian Relations, Jake Hall
President João Goulart And The Breakdown Of U.S.-Brazilian Relations, Jake Hall
Commonwealth Review of Political Science
The 1950s and 1960s were a tumultuous time for relations between the United States and Brazil. Following the Cuban Revolution and the rise of Castro in 1959, the United States felt vulnerable and feared that the Cuban Revolution would spread communism to other countries in Latin America. Meanwhile, Brazil was experiencing an economic crisis as former President Juscelino Kubitschek had engaged in expensive policies intended to grow Brazil’s economy and spur industrial development. These policies left the country with rampant inflation and an untenable amount of debt, which Brazil had no hope of paying off. President John F. Kennedy’s Alliance …