Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

History Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

European History

PDF

William & Mary

2021

Articles 1 - 4 of 4

Full-Text Articles in History

Revisiting British Zionism In The Early 20th Century, Benjamin Marin May 2021

Revisiting British Zionism In The Early 20th Century, Benjamin Marin

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Long considered irrelevant and unimportant to Zionist history, British Zionists played a necessarily important role in the movement in the early 20th century leading up to the 1917 Balfour Declaration and into the 1920s. Historical narratives that have embraced a reductive view of Zionist history that championed Dr. Chaim Weizmann's prominent role during this period have largely shaped this perspective. In this paper, I examine several British Zionists such as Moses Gaster, Leopold Greenberg, Leonard Stein, Frederick Kisch, and Alfred Mond and the roles they played during this pivotal period for Zionism.


The Female Kirk: Women's Participation In The Early Scottish Presbyterian Church, Lydia Mackey May 2021

The Female Kirk: Women's Participation In The Early Scottish Presbyterian Church, Lydia Mackey

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Presbyterianism’s founder, John Knox, wrote his infamous The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women in 1558 arguing against female monarchs. Despite early modern Presbyterianism’s restriction of women’s formal religious roles, women used often conflicting rhetoric from the pulpit to negotiate a degree of power and autonomy. Rather than only being passive members of the Presbyterian Church, women often played an active role in the development and expansion of Presbyterianism between 1550 and 1690. This thesis will demonstrate how a study of women’s interactions with the Presbyterian Church outside of the kirk sessions, namely in their …


Unmasking Murder: Reconciling The Twin Depictions Of Viscount Castlereagh, Robert Warrick May 2021

Unmasking Murder: Reconciling The Twin Depictions Of Viscount Castlereagh, Robert Warrick

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Viscount Castlereagh is typically depicted in one of two ways. The traditional depiction is of a repressive, anti-liberal demon while the modern depiction is of a Machiavellian chess master who only adopted certain values to ensure his goal of British security. This thesis argues that the modern depiction has gone too far in removing ideology from Castlereagh's diplomacy. While he certainly desired British security, he was motivated by a fear of groups he considered to be "radical."


From Defeat To Victory In Northern Italy: Comparing Staufen Strategy And Operations At Legnano And Cortenuova, 1176-1237., Daniel Franke Jan 2021

From Defeat To Victory In Northern Italy: Comparing Staufen Strategy And Operations At Legnano And Cortenuova, 1176-1237., Daniel Franke

Richard Bland Faculty Works

No abstract provided.