Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

English Language and Literature Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 1 - 18 of 18

Full-Text Articles in English Language and Literature

Stigma And The Social Function Of Fate In The Story Of Túrin Turambar, Clare Moore Nov 2021

Stigma And The Social Function Of Fate In The Story Of Túrin Turambar, Clare Moore

Journal of Tolkien Research

This paper applies Erving Goffman's theories of stigma to J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Children of Húrin in order to explore the social function of Túrin's fate throughout the narrative. Interpreting fate as a stigma reveals the role society plays in the tragedy of Túrin's story through the lens of a social model of disability.


A Checklist And Index To Lembas Extra 1985 To 2019, Douglas A. Anderson Oct 2021

A Checklist And Index To Lembas Extra 1985 To 2019, Douglas A. Anderson

Journal of Tolkien Research

A Checklist and Index to Lembas Extra 1985 to 2019


Index To Tolkien Studies Volume 1 (2004) Through Volume 18 (2021), Douglas A. Anderson Oct 2021

Index To Tolkien Studies Volume 1 (2004) Through Volume 18 (2021), Douglas A. Anderson

Journal of Tolkien Research

Index to Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review Volume 1 (2004) through Volume 18 (2021)


Index To The Journal Of Tolkien Research Volume 1 Through Volume 13 Issue 1, Douglas A. Anderson Oct 2021

Index To The Journal Of Tolkien Research Volume 1 Through Volume 13 Issue 1, Douglas A. Anderson

Journal of Tolkien Research

Index to The Journal of Tolkien Research Volume 1 through Volume 13 issue 1


The Nature Of Middle-Earth (2021) By J.R.R. Tolkien, Edited By Carl F. Hostetter, Douglas C. Kane Oct 2021

The Nature Of Middle-Earth (2021) By J.R.R. Tolkien, Edited By Carl F. Hostetter, Douglas C. Kane

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Douglas C. Kane, of The Nature of Middle-earth (2021), by J.R.R. Tolkien, edited by Carl F. Hostetter


“What Have I Got In My Pocket?” – Tolkien And The Tradition Of The Rings Of Power, Thomas Honegger Aug 2021

“What Have I Got In My Pocket?” – Tolkien And The Tradition Of The Rings Of Power, Thomas Honegger

Journal of Tolkien Research

The question of where Tolkien found his inspiration for the One Ring has occupied fans and scholars alike for decades, and many rings real, fictional or legendary have been proposed. My paper takes a fresh look at the evidence and provides an overview of possible sources of inspiration from contemporary literature and archaeology. My research suggests that there was not one single source of inspiration but rather three rings that served as models, each of which contributed an important element to Tolkien’s concept of his One Ring. These models are: The Ring of Gyges, the Ring of Charlemagne, and Wagner’s …


Guþcwen And Ides Ellenrof – The Old English Warrior Woman As Role Model For Female Characters In Tolkien’S Works, Flora Sophie Lemburg Aug 2021

Guþcwen And Ides Ellenrof – The Old English Warrior Woman As Role Model For Female Characters In Tolkien’S Works, Flora Sophie Lemburg

Journal of Tolkien Research

This paper examines the connection between the motif of the Old English warrior woman and Tolkien’s female characters. It provides a critique of Leslie Donovan’s paper “The valkyrie reflex in J. R. R. Tolkien´s The Lord of the Rings: Galadriel, Shelob, Éowyn and Arwen” and contrasts previous research on Tolkien’s female characters focussed either on gender-studies or on a “Germanic” influence with a more direct and specific connection between Medieval English and his works. The motif of the Old English warrior woman is established by investigating the female characters Judith, Elene, and Juliana from the Old English poems Judith, …


Tolkienian Glôssology: Or A Study Of The Primitive Elvish Vocabulary Of Tolkien’S Qenya Lexicon And Gnomish Lexicon From The Late 1910’S, The Precursors Of Quenya And Sindarin (2020), By Mark T. Hooker, Andrew Higgins Jul 2021

Tolkienian Glôssology: Or A Study Of The Primitive Elvish Vocabulary Of Tolkien’S Qenya Lexicon And Gnomish Lexicon From The Late 1910’S, The Precursors Of Quenya And Sindarin (2020), By Mark T. Hooker, Andrew Higgins

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Andrew Higgins, of Tolkienian Glôssology (2020) by Mark T. Hooker


The Science Of Middle-Earth (2021), Edited By Roland Lehoucq, Loïc Mangin, And Jean-Sébastien Steyer. Translated By Tina Kover. Illustrated By Arnaud Rafaelian., Kristine Larsen Jul 2021

The Science Of Middle-Earth (2021), Edited By Roland Lehoucq, Loïc Mangin, And Jean-Sébastien Steyer. Translated By Tina Kover. Illustrated By Arnaud Rafaelian., Kristine Larsen

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Kristine Larsen, of The Science of Middle-earth (2021), edited by Roland Lehoucq, Loïc Mangin, and Jean-Sébastien Steyer. Translated by Tina Kover. Illustrated by Arnaud Rafaelian.


The Poetry Of Geoffrey Bache Smith With Special Note Of Tolkienian Contexts, Kris Swank Jun 2021

The Poetry Of Geoffrey Bache Smith With Special Note Of Tolkienian Contexts, Kris Swank

Journal of Tolkien Research

Following the Great War (1914–1918), J.R.R. Tolkien edited the poetry collection A Spring Harvest (1918) by his close friend, Lieutenant Geoffrey Bache Smith (October 18, 1894 – December 3, 1916), who died of wounds from shrapnel while stationed on the Somme. According to John Garth, it was “one of the many slim, sad volumes of poetry published posthumously as a memorial of those who died in war.” A spring harvest is a barren harvest, but even at his young age, Smith left a number of stirring poems on life, death, and destiny that seem, in retrospect, to have prophesied his …


J.R.R. Tolkien's "Homecoming" And Modern Alliterative Metre, Anna Smol, Rebecca Foster May 2021

J.R.R. Tolkien's "Homecoming" And Modern Alliterative Metre, Anna Smol, Rebecca Foster

Journal of Tolkien Research

J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth Beorhthelm’s Son” is a modern English alliterative verse drama written in the metre of Old English poetry and demonstrating his interest in versification and his skill in writing original alliterative verse in new and versatile ways. Tolkien’s originality also lies in his use of alliterative metre in a play, a genre not written by the early English; in fact, “The Homecoming” is Tolkien’s only published drama as well as historical fiction. While Tolkien bases this work on historical events recounted in the Old English poem “The Battle of Maldon,” he also uses his drama …


Frodo And Sam’S Relationship In The Light Of Aristotle’S Philia, Martina Juričková Apr 2021

Frodo And Sam’S Relationship In The Light Of Aristotle’S Philia, Martina Juričková

Journal of Tolkien Research

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship of the two major characters of Tolkien’s novel The Lord of the Rings, Frodo and Sam. It tries to find out whether their relationship can be regarded as friendship and what kind of friendship it is. It analyses the relationship of Frodo and Sam and its development according to Aristotle’s teaching on friendship as this was the first and most complex analysis of friendship as a social and philosophical phenomenon. This work comes to the conclusion that Frodo and Sam’s relationship can be understood as an example of perfect, …


Faith, Hope, And Despair In Tolkien’S Works, Martina Juričková Apr 2021

Faith, Hope, And Despair In Tolkien’S Works, Martina Juričková

Journal of Tolkien Research

This paper explores how Tolkien depicts the two of the hierarchically most important Christian virtues—the theological virtues—faith and hope, and the opposing vice to hope, despair, in his Middle-earth tales. Knowing that Tolkien was a devout Catholic who acknowledged implementing elements of his faith into his work, it can be assumed that in the depiction of virtues he was also inspired by their religious understanding. The aim of this paper is to determine to what extent is his depiction of the chosen virtues concordant with their Christian definitions and what purpose they serve plot-wise.


Tolkien's Calques Of Classicisms: Who Knew Elvish Latin, What Did The Rohirrim Read, And Why Was Bilbo Cheeky?, John Wm. Houghton Apr 2021

Tolkien's Calques Of Classicisms: Who Knew Elvish Latin, What Did The Rohirrim Read, And Why Was Bilbo Cheeky?, John Wm. Houghton

Journal of Tolkien Research

In his legendarium, Tolkien presents four variants of what would be considered "classicism" in the Primary World: but the presence of all-but-immortal elves creates situations in which a classicizing devotion to ancient exemplars might not arise.


Tolkien And The Classical World (2021), Edited By Hamish Williams, John Houghton Mar 2021

Tolkien And The Classical World (2021), Edited By Hamish Williams, John Houghton

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by John Wm. Houghton, of Tolkien and the Classical World (2021), edited by Hamish Williams


Middle-Earth, Or There And Back Again (2020) Edited By Łukasz Neubauer, Marjorie Burns Professor Emerita Feb 2021

Middle-Earth, Or There And Back Again (2020) Edited By Łukasz Neubauer, Marjorie Burns Professor Emerita

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Marjorie Burns, of Middle-earth, or There and Back Again (2020) edited by Łukasz Neubauer.


Extending Arda: Mapping Beyond The Lord Of The Rings And Silmarillion, Stentor Danielson Jan 2021

Extending Arda: Mapping Beyond The Lord Of The Rings And Silmarillion, Stentor Danielson

Journal of Tolkien Research

The canonical maps by Christopher Tolkien from The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion cover only a small portion of the world of J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium. In the years since their publication, many artists have been inspired to try to create maps of the entire world. In doing so, they have both curated the canonical information provided by Tolkien as well as engaged in their own sub-creation, drawing on geographical ideas from the primary world. This paper examines a broad set of fan-made maps of Arda to trace the lineages of their geographical conceptions and the principles behind their …


Military Cartography’S Influence On Tolkien’S Maps Of Middle-Earth, Stentor Danielson Jan 2021

Military Cartography’S Influence On Tolkien’S Maps Of Middle-Earth, Stentor Danielson

Journal of Tolkien Research

The published maps of Middle-earth by Christopher Tolkien drew on extensive drafts made by his father during the process of his writing. These drafts enable tracing the possible influence of the elder Tolkien’s training in map-reading during his time in the British Army during the First World War. The early maps drawn by J.R.R. Tolkien exhibit features, such as the use of hachures and contour lines to indicate elevation, and a focus on the accurate calculation of distances and movements, that were characteristic of military cartography. The maps then evolved into a more pictorial style, characteristic of contemporary literary maps, …