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The System Of The Press And The Emergence Of Chinese Contemporary Literature, Jun Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The way the system of the press intervenes in the emergence and development of Chinese contemporary literature (1949-1976) requires convincing research from the academic circle. In fact, the system of the press affects the existence of contemporary literature in the three progressive aspects. Initially, the socialist ownership of the press turns the old-new and left-right dichotomies into the imbalanced state dominated by "the literature for the new people." Then, the agency dilemma of the press leads to the competition between the different literary discourses and interests in the internal integration of contemporary literature. Finally, the operation principles of the sectionalist …

The Sociology Of Texts And The Institutionalisation Of Literary Languages, Zima Peter·V.

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is based on one of the basic insights of the Russian Formalists, namely that the literary text is linked to society by language, an insight that is absent from traditional sociologies of literature. The second part defines the literary text as a universal linguistic experiment that is at the same time a model of society at a particular historical moment. The third part deals with the question how literary languages are institutionalised by individual writers or groups of writers in manifestos, collective works and experimental texts. The basic aim is …

On Steinberg's Appreciation Of Jasper Johns: A Reflection On The Criticism Of Avant-Garde Art, Xiaolin Qiu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The stylistic difference between the avant-garde art and the traditional proves to be a big challenge even to art critics. The pressure posed by the title of art critic may propel the critics to produce a pioneering theory or an over-interpretation. Over-interpretation may be exemplified by Leo Steinberg's appreciative analysis of Jasper Johns. After a close examination, the paper claims that Steinberg had not really stepped out of the dominating shadow of formalism. The essential reason for his failure lies in the fact that Steinberg failed in grasping the essential nature of self-authorization in modern art, and the paper maintains …

On The Marginalization Of Natural Beauty In The Western Aesthetics Under The Context Of Modernity, Zedong Zhou

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper aims to analyze from the perspective of modernity the causes of the marginalization of natural beauty in modern and contemporary Western aesthetics, after pointing out that aesthetic studies have been increasingly focusing on arts instead of nature as its object. The marginalization of nature in aesthetics is closely related with modernity, as the philosophical foundation of modernity is the rationalization of subject-centeredness. The highlighting of the subjecthood under the Enlightenment rationality was significant in defying God's sovereignty, but with its development and its turn to instrumental rationality, Enlightenment rationality had gradually evolved into a form of power or …

On The Temporality In Shklovsky's Literary Thoughts, Yanshun Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Shklovsky maintained that literary works are for the high-quality reading pleasure, which is embodied in the moving and spontaneous time-course. He then started with the effect of reading on the automation and the breaking of "attention," trying to distinguish between literary language, everyday language and scientific language, and proclaimed that the pleasure of reading literary works is intuitive and fresh. When reading literary language, the pleasure of reading was not only strengthened in intensity but also prolonged in duration, and reading experience was understood as a process of the internal time consciousness. In his later years, he proposed the mobile …

Reflection On The Discursive Evolution Of The Socialist Realism In The Soviet Union, Qichao Zhou

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Literary criticism is a form of discursive practice. Socialist realism is a key concept in the process of contemporary literature both in the Soviet Union and in China. The delineation of the trajectory along which the concept evolves may help the reflection on its historical function. In terms of the effects of the discursive practice, "the open system" of socialist realism is de facto "openness in conservatism," which does promote the "spiritual liberation" in the circles of literary criticism and literary creation. The open system can also be understood as "open conservatism," and it was indeed meant to be the …

Restraining In Theory: A Review Of The Debate Between Derrida And Searle, Qing Feng

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The paper tries to reflect on the debate between Jacques Derrida and John R. Searle, in which Derrida tried to deconstruct Searle's speech-act theory with his usual style of approaching other theories with his preconceived ethical-political view. Searle, on the other hand, reproaches Derrida for his purposeful obscuration in his act of deconstruction and his ignorance of Anglo-American philosophy of language. The debate revealed the political intention of deconstructive criticism, but it has also brought Searle's linguistic theory to the attention of literary theorists.

Speech, Rituals And Chanting In The Shang And Zhou Dynasties: An Exploration Into The Tradition Of Chanting In Han Chinese Culture, Guoan Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Based on the critical interpretation of oracle bone scripts and bronze inscriptions from the Zhou Dynasty, the paper attempts to delineate the rituals and chanting in the Shang and early Zhou Dynastes. The paper proposes that the original meaning of "word" (言 yan) in the oracle bone script was imaged from the buccal reed talk, and that the communicative function of the buccal reed was the basis for the derivation of the meaning "speech" (言语 yanyu) from the character "yan". The features of "conveying language in music" and "confirming music with language" in the buccal reed performance were the primary …

The "Village Opinion" Society And The Fundamental Concept Of Literary Values In The Sixteen-State Period, Danjun Cai

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper investigates the fundamental concept of literary values in the Sixteen-State Period (304-439) in the Northern area in China. Different from the situation of the southern area where scholars mainly gathered in the towns, the scholars in the Northern area mostly lived in the village of clan community. The social environment of "the village opinion" (xiang lun) had decisive impact on the formation of humanistic values. The impact manifested mainly in two aspects. On the one hand, the formation of the village opinion in the society was inseparable from the village election since the Han and Wei Dynasties. As …

The Concept Of Image In Zhu Guangqian's Early Aesthetic Thoughts, Huaiyi Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In such early works as Psychology of Literature and Arts and On Poetry, Zhu Guangqian constructed his transcendental aesthetic theory centered round the concept of image, putting forwards his theory of imagery structure and his critique of the concept of jingjie (the poetic state) in Chinese poetics. Although Zhu's theory is centered around imagery, and it is realized on the basis of the unity of the poetic state, his criticism on Wang Guowei's concept of the poetic state and on the concept in ancient Chinese poetics in general appear to have missed the point, due to his preconceived ideas that …

On Deng Tingzhen's Ci-Poetry, Bailing Yang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Deng Tingzhen was not only a representative national hero but also an important figure in the history of Chinese ci-poetry. His philosophy of literary writing can be best summarized in his own words "I write in my own way", which was actually inheriting the late literary style of "changed elegance." He admired Su Shi for his plain diction and themes of the contemporary social political issues, and he especially stressed personal aspiration reflected in his writing, which had a unique value for both history and literature. Therefore, studies on Deng Tingzhen's ideas on poetry and his practice may help us …

On Poetry's Moral Cultivation: Style Reverence And Moral Cultivation In The Late Qing-Dynasty Ci-Poetry, Shuiyun Chen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The prevailing dictum of composing ci-poems in the late Qing Dynasty is to suggest the inner world with words pointing to the outer world. This dictum was explicated by different scholars from different perspectives, covering both its connection with traditional view of poetry's function of moral cultivation and its unique features in the historical development of Chinese poetry. The different views not only helped to promote the ci-poetry criticism and explication of issues in the composition of ci-poems but also highlighted the aesthetic and pragmatic characteristics of the ci-poetry criticism in the Late Qing Dynasty.

A Synopsis Of "The Symposium On Contemporary Western Literary Theory And Construction Of Chinese Literary Theory", Yonggang Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

No abstract provided.

A Synopsis Of "The Symposium Of Construction Of And Reflection On Literary Theory In The New Century", Chuanlan Yin

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

No abstract provided.

Art, Theory And Social Justice: An Interview With Professor Martha Nussbaum, Yun Fan, C. Nussbaum Martha

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As an influential intellectual with academic focus on contemporary philosophy, Professor Martha C. Nussbaum is different in that she stresses on literature and brings literature into the construction of her philosophy of ethics and justice. This interview covers such topics as the value of literature, the ethic turn in literary theory, the current status of humanistic education, multiculturalism and universalism, and the intellectuals and social justice.

Beyond The "Adaptation Paradigm": The "Spreadable Literature" And Its Contemporary Characteristics, Lulu Zhou

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In the era of fast changing multimedia environment, the problem of the literariness and its formats of existence and communication require new theoretical approaches. On the basis of empirical observations of some concrete cases in mainland China and abroad, this paper proposes the concept of "spreadable literature" to expand the theoretical vision of the mainstreamed "adaptation paradigm." The "adaptation paradigm" focuses on the studies of film and televisual screen adaptations of literary works and follows the linear communication logic, which not only eschews the strong tradition of the spreadability of ancient folk literature but also fails to help us understand …

Dimensions Opened Through The Intermediacy Between Man And Objects: On The Philosophical Foundations Of Design Studies, Xingming Wu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Although design theory is still developing its system, the dimensions opened through the immediacy between man and objects can already provide us a horizon for looking at and analyzing design. The three dimensions besides the practical function include the aesthetics of objects, design ethics, and design politics. These four dimensions form the value system can be the normative foundations for examining contemporary design.

Ethical Interpretation Of Narrative Perspective In Novels, Shouyi Jiang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As a formal technique, narrative perspective in novels also has ethical meaning. Different perspectives in narration produce different ethical effects, and a change of perspective results in different ethical effect. In terms of the rhetorical effects of narrative perspective, both the decorative and the persuasive natures of rhetoric point eventually to ethics, while in terms of the value in narrative perspective, the communication between the reader and the author based on psychological exchange is also an ethical communication.

From Modern Art To Postmodern Art: A Paradigm Shift Centered Round Objecthood, Yousong Chen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

A paradigm shift centered round objecthood underlies the change of art form from the modern to the postmodern. The paradigm of modern art is characterized by differentiation that excludes objecthood while the paradigm of post-modern art is dedifferentiation that includes objecthood. The paper claims that the context of contemporary Chinese art is modernism, and this context has also modernized many of the art form of the post-modern. Therefore, the paper concludes that a theoretical delineation of the context of the paradigm is necessary for understanding contemporary Chinese art.

How To Understand Installation Art: With A Focus On Theatricality, Zhengbo Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper seeks to analyze the positive contribution that Arthur Danto, Greenberg, Michael Fried have made for installation art theory, while clarifying their respective misunderstanding and vision deviation. The paper will take the example of contemporary artists like Yayoi Kusama and Xu Bing and analyze the theatricality effect produced by the medium material, color, shading, texture, shape, pattern and three-dimensional space in the installation art, and the paper then tries to formulate how the sense of objects produced through installation art may function to overcome the crisis of modernity.

How Can "Appropriate Aesthetic Appreciation" Be Appropriate? Exemplified With Kendall Walton's Aesthetic Art Theory, Yu Zhao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Kendall Walton argues that it is not appropriate to practice aesthetic judgment on works of art simply by what could be perceived in the art works, and "appropriate aesthetic appreciation" should rely on (some) facts about the "correct category" and the origins of art works. The paper maintains that his theorization of "appropriate aesthetic appreciation" is actual not appropriate enough. On the one hand, the so called "correct category" has problems that prevent it from performing its critical function; on the other hand, the origins of art works may be of essential importance in art criticism, but they're not sufficient …

Ji Yun's Theoretical Construction In On The Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry, Guozhong Peng

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In On the Tang-Dynasty Imperial Examination Poetry, Ji Yun's comments on the imperial examination poetry in the Tang Dynasty opened a scope wider than specific comments on specific time but became a theoretical study of the genre. For the imperial poetry, Ji Yun properly positioned its style, identifying its governing poetic rules along its unique features, while he also promoted its class and taste in terms of the poets’ personality and moral integrity as well as the sublimity of poetic language. He viewed the imperial examination poetry as an organism and made analogue between it and life by way of …

清華簡《繫年》與相關文獻比對研究, Pui Ming Chan

Lingnan Theses

2008 年，清華大學獲校友捐贈一批從香港購入的戰國楚竹簡，總數2500 餘支。這批楚簡有古籍六十四篇，內容多與經、史有關，當中包括散佚已久的古文《尚書》，具有非常高的學術價值。自這批竹簡入藏至今，整理者已刊行三輯《清華大學藏戰國竹簡》。

本文的研究對象為2011 年出版的《清華大學藏戰國竹簡》第二輯所公布的一篇名為《繫年》的佚籍。《繫年》為體裁類似後世之紀事本末體史書，所記史事上起西周之初，下到戰國前期。由於《繫年》所記部份史事不見於傳世文獻，或與傳世文獻有所出入，可以補充和訂正傳世文獻，尤其與《春秋》經傳具有可比性，故此有很重要的歷史和文獻研究價值。

本文從敍事例體、史料、虛詞等方面考察《繫年》，再與《左傳》等傳世文獻、出土文獻作比對，從而分析《繫年》的時代和地域特徵、取材和編撰過程。此外，《繫年》與《左傳》存在不少重文，本文以《繫年》與傳世文獻的重文作逐一比對，分析其來源、敘述方式的差異，有助認清各史書的取材和敘述特點，並討論《左傳》、《繫年》的成書。

Preadvanced Japanese, Emiko Konomi

PDXOpen: Open Educational Resources

This textbook is designed for students who have intermediate competency in Japanese, roughly at Level 2 on the ILR (The Interagency Language Roundtable) proficiency scale, and are working on reaching Level 3.

This textbook can be used for self-study, as part of online course, and in a traditional classroom setting. It is comprised of four chapters, intended to be covered in one term of a quarter system.

Please see the Open Textbook Library for faculty reviews of this textbook

If you are an instructor adopting or adapting this PDXOpen textbook, please help us understand your use by filling out this …

冷戰時期魯迅思想的台、港傳播與演繹, Chieh Ming Yang

Lingnan Theses

本論文旨在探討冷戰體制下魯迅思想在台、港兩地的傳播與演繹。論文主要處理三個問題:第一，這些人的魯迅論述如何與冷戰與國民黨反共體制縫合。第二，魯迅思想如何置入大一統的文化架構中。第三，海外魯迅論述如何逆反中國或於海外在地演繹。論文共分成六個章節：

第一章先概述冷戰體制與華語語系文學概念，並整理現今魯迅文化史的研究狀況。透過系譜化魯迅研究來理解百年來的研究成果，並且提出在冷戰體制架構解讀台港兩地魯迅思想傳播與演繹的可能。

第二章則以蘇雪林為論述焦點，討論蘇從擁魯走向反魯的轉折，以及在台灣創造怎樣的魯迅形象。而她的激進反魯言論又是如何影響台港兩地，而這之中又與台、港的社會情形的差異有怎樣的關係，並造成兩地文化人的反彈。

第三章討論台、港的兩本魯迅傳記，在「人的魯迅」的共識上創造出不同的魯迅形象。鄭學稼的《魯迅正傳》的兩個版本，在不同的時代氛圍下有大幅的更動，以符合時代的現況。曹聚仁的《魯迅評傳》某程度是為了反對鄭學稼言論而寫，將魯迅形塑為永遠的反叛者與民族主義立場作家，所反映的是個人對海峽兩岸分治的看法。

第四章討論台、港、美三地的現代文學史。夏志清的《現代小說史》以西方美學標準審視魯迅的作品，成為西方認識中國現代文學的經典。司馬長風的《中國新文學史》強調的中國特性以及去政治的美學觀，反映對兩岸政治體制介入文學的反感。劉心皇的《現代文學史話》表現出個人礙於體制的監控，而迂迴表述對魯迅的看法。

第五章則梳理夏濟安、李歐梵一脈的魯迅研究，並比較夏濟安與舒蕪《野草》解讀之異同。這一脈的魯迅研究更為注重魯迅的心靈反覆、矛盾，以及其創作的象徵與隱喻，呈現精神意涵與創作技巧並重的研究。這一流派的研究在1980年代以後被介紹回中國，影響了中國新時期的魯迅研究方向，成為當前魯迅研究重要的一支。

第六章結論部分，先整理冷戰體制下台港魯迅研究的三大問題，並且嘗試以東亞視域來了解魯迅研究的跨國交流。

The Art Of Being: A Study Of The Relationship Between Daoism And Art, Jessica Ortis

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

Ever since the beginning of time, artists have been inspired by the religion they choose to follow. Sometimes religion was the subject, but more often than not, one had to really dig deeper into a work of art to understand the religious meaning. In my paper, I focused on contemporary Chinese artist Song Dong, who uses his artistic abilities to reflect the ideals of Daoism. Focusing on a couple of more well known works by Song Dong, one can see that he shows how one is able to move down the path to lead a more full life through the …

A Contemporary Spin On Tradition: Xu Bing's Cultural Exploration, Karen Obermeyer-Kolb

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

This paper analyzed the artwork of Xu Bing and his exploration of cultural values, specifically of language in China. Chinese is one of the oldest written languages of the world, with forms established by 1000CE. One of the purposes of classical Chinese calligraphy was self expression. The Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and 70s brought a shift to this tradition by using large characters as propaganda. Xu Bing uses prominent symbols of culture and language, stemming from the classical teaching of his parents and his work experience during the Cultural Revolution, to convey views of society, as well as to …

蜚語 (第十一期), 嶺南文社

嶺南文社 : 蜚語

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Variables That Affect Graduation In A Community College, Cathy Jean Alsman

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined whether the use of variables—age, sex, remediation, and financial aid— could be used to predict persistence to graduation in a community college sample. The study also asked if these same variables could be used to predict number of semesters completed in this sample. Archival data were gathered from a community college with multiple campuses and a single state-wide accreditation from the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Logistic regression, ordinary least squares regression, and Pearson r correlation were used to analyze data. Results suggested overall model significance in the logistic regression …

Dust In The Wind: A Definitive Hou/New Cinema Work, James N. Udden

Interdisciplinary Studies Faculty Publications

Book Summary: For younger critics and audiences, Taiwanese cinema enjoys a special status, comparable with that of Italian Neorealism and the French New Wave for earlier generations, a cinema that was and is in the midst of introducing an innovative sensibility and a fresh perspective. Hou Hsiao-hsien is the most important Taiwanese filmmaker working today, and his sensuous, richly nuanced films reflect everything that is vigorous and genuine in contemporary film culture. By combining multiple forms of tradition with a uniquely cinematic approach to space and time, Hou has created a body of work that, through its stylistic originality and …