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Articles 331 - 360 of 1362
Full-Text Articles in East Asian Languages and Societies
"Ecological Justice": Two Kinds Of Metaphysical Defense, Qing Zhao
"Ecological Justice": Two Kinds Of Metaphysical Defense, Qing Zhao
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
This article aims to undertake an epistemological discussion of ecological justice with de-subjectivity as its core theme from both the perspectives of Adorno's ecological theology and Shi Tao's proposition of "spokesman for shan-shui". The former argues that the negative dialectics holds the possibility of approaching nature itself, and the latter advocates the harmony of heaven and human. Specifically, Adorno elevated the status of nature in the realm of human beings created by God, whereby nature acquires divinity and subjectivity is suppressed. In a different yet compatible way, by conceptualizing the harmony between heaven and human for the exclusivity of subjectivity, …
"The Dark-Houred Clock": Embodiment And Abstraction In Celan's Poetry, Lemberger Dorit
"The Dark-Houred Clock": Embodiment And Abstraction In Celan's Poetry, Lemberger Dorit
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Celan's poetry is replete with metaphors that function in various ways. This article looks at two opposed functions of metaphor there: embodiment and abstraction. They rest on the fact that most cognitive processes occur unconsciously, leaving us with only a limited ability to understand their connections to metaphors. This makes it difficult to understand how a metaphor bridges between faraway and even opposed semantic fields. The dual metaphorical functions will be studied as used in three themes of Celan's language: (1) language as expression and as concealment, (2) interaction with the Other as a key to self-constitution, and (3) the …
An Access To Europe's "Límpensé": François Jullien's Conceptualization Of Classical Chinese Aesthetics, Zhenhua Han
An Access To Europe's "Límpensé": François Jullien's Conceptualization Of Classical Chinese Aesthetics, Zhenhua Han
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The classical Chinese aesthetics that French sinologist François Jullien tries to construct is centered on such notions as plain (la fadeur), non-objet, désontologie, and l'immanence. In so doing, Jullien aims to give Europe an access to "l'impensé" via Chinese aesthetics. However, his endeavour presents itself to be more like a derivative of post-structuralist theories of Foucault and Deleuze and an invention than a reliable representation of China. On the fundamental level, Jullien's views of Chinese thought follows those of Hegel and Max Weber. Although he tries to reexamine Hegel's negative comments on China, his seemingly exquisite discussions fail to rectify …
Chinese Medicine, Western Medicine, And Patients: Writings On Infectious Disease During The Debate Between Chinese And Western Medicine, Xiaoyan Deng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Modern epidemiology led to a comprehensive change in social concepts. As a result, the fear of bacteria became a psychological basis of social mobilization in modern countries. In China, the fear of bacteria and the fear of Western forces were ingeniously combined, thus becoming the emotional motivation for New Culture intellectuals who fervently criticized traditional Chinese medicine under the slogan of scientism. In the context of the debate between Chinese and Western medicine, this article focuses on the writings of infectious diseases in modern Chinese literature. By analyzing the texts and events related to Chen Dabei, Sun Fuyuan, Lu Xun, …
Cunning Apparatus And The Pain Of Modern Literature: A Parallactic Reading Of Kojin Karatani's Literary Theory, Shangrong Han
Cunning Apparatus And The Pain Of Modern Literature: A Parallactic Reading Of Kojin Karatani's Literary Theory, Shangrong Han
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Since Kojin Karatani's Origins of Modern Japanese Literature was published, it has been regarded as an example of modern criticism based on rationalism. Considering Karatani's theoretical constructions at that time and his entire academic career, a hidden concept of parallax can be found, and the apparatus that exists in modern Japanese literature, as Karatani sees it, results from the lack of this parallax. In contrast to modern literature's emphasis on self-consciousness, the apparatus excludes self-consciousness and engenders a closed field by means of this exclusion. Therefore, arguments on modern literature, such as depth and plot, remain inside the apparatus; not …
Essential Differences Between The Late Qing And The May Fourth Written Vernacular Chinese, Yu Gao
Essential Differences Between The Late Qing And The May Fourth Written Vernacular Chinese, Yu Gao
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Dedicated to enlightenment, the late Qing movement of written vernacular Chinese spread both old and new ideas, whereas the May Fourth movement of written vernacular Chinese was an intellectual revolution. Not only did they refuse old ideas, May Fourth literati radically criticized traditional Chinese culture and initiated the modernization of China on both intellectual and social levels. Essentially, the written vernacular Chinese of the late Qing dynasty is a language of instrumentality, whereas that of the May Fourth is a language of thought. The former, mainly including colloquialism and slangs, was an auxiliary language of classical Chinese and unable to …
Function Words Through The Critical Lens Of Traditional Stylistics And Its Later Interpretations In The Early Modern Era, Fangzhou Chang
Function Words Through The Critical Lens Of Traditional Stylistics And Its Later Interpretations In The Early Modern Era, Fangzhou Chang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Essayists of the Tang and Song dynasties consciously celebrated the rhetorical effect of function words, which made function words an important subject in traditional stylistics. During the Qing dynasty, discussions on function words had two voices. In contrast to the school of philology's linguistic approach, the school of rhetoric focused on the style of writing to illuminate the rhetorical significance of function words. In the early modern era, Chinese scholars familiarized themselves with the categorization of Western learning and made attempts to reveal the characteristics of classical prose from a holistic perspective. By looking at function words' rhetorical effect in …
Humanistic Discourse And Knowledge Production Of Literary Theory In The Early Years Of The New Era, Yaming Lu
Humanistic Discourse And Knowledge Production Of Literary Theory In The Early Years Of The New Era, Yaming Lu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Humanistic discourse is not inherently associated with the production of literary theory at its inception, but has become part of the production of literary theory knowledge and participated in the construction of the literary theory knowledge system in a specific way at a particular moment, humanistic discourse as a literary theory should be examined not only in relation to specific international and domestic historical contexts and actual social factors but also from the perspective of the formative process of the literary theory field in the new era. Humanistic literary theory was of great significance in the initial stage of the …
On Rancière's Concept Of Modern Fiction, Danhong Cao
On Rancière's Concept Of Modern Fiction, Danhong Cao
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Jacques Rancière has a long-standing interest in fictional issues. In recent years, he has published several monographs, in which he ponders the nature of modern fiction and presented unique insights. Rancière's concept of modern fiction is based on the critique of the traditional fictional rationality pioneered by Aristotle and the inheritance of scholars and writers such as Schiller, Keats, Flaubert, Woolf, Auerbach. It points out that the core of modern fiction is no longer the imitation of an organic whole action, but rather the manifestation of juxtaposed sensible micro-events. Changes in content lead to changes in the form of modern …
On The Theoretical Construction Of The Characteristics Of Tongguang Style Poetry By Tongguang Style Poets, Xiaowei Zhang
On The Theoretical Construction Of The Characteristics Of Tongguang Style Poetry By Tongguang Style Poets, Xiaowei Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The Tongguang Style poetry, which had its origins in the Song School poetry during the reigns of Emperor Daoguang and Xianfeng (1821-1861), represented a profound innovative force within traditional poetry in both theory and creation. Tongguang Style poets also had systematically theoretical construction of the characteristics of their creation. They rebelled against the "orthodox form" in previous poetry and opposed Zhang Zhidong's theory of "qingqie" (explicit), by raising a set of binaries such as "qingqie" and "pise" (recondite), as well as "guangyi" (transparent) and "jianshen" (difficult). Zheng Xiaoxu also said that in modern society, "everything changes with disturbance outside and …
The Decline Of Dualism And The Rise Of Soma-Esthetics In Western Aesthetics, Xiaohua Wang
The Decline Of Dualism And The Rise Of Soma-Esthetics In Western Aesthetics, Xiaohua Wang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Dualism has long been dominant in the history of Western aesthetics, and it has established a hierarchical schema from the day it was born. The mind is imagined as a subjective role, while the body is regarded as a passive object that needs to be driven, enriched and guided. From the point of logic, a paradox is inherent to the schema: if the body and the mind are essentially different, they cannot interact with each other; if their nature is the same in essence, it is equally illogical to distinguish them. In the process of solving this paradox, the significance …
The Dissolution Of Dualism And The Reflective Nature Of The "Contestation Between The Tang And The Song Poetry" In The Qing Dynasty, Yunyun Tang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The "contestation between the Tang and the Song poetry" in the Qing dynasty is commonly viewed dualistically as a rivalry between the pro-Tang poetry group and the pro-Song poetry group. However, the said contestation was not an dispute over learning from the Tang poetry or the Song poetry in poetry writing practice, because their theoretical footings of the two groups do not cover the same ground to form a dualist opposition. At the core of the contestation are the dispute over the value of the Song poetry, and the discussions of traditional poetical concepts such as "poetry expressing ideals," temperament …
The Idea About Writing To "Convery The Truth" Of The Aixuan School In The Southern Song Period And Its Cultural Significance, Tianxi Zheng
The Idea About Writing To "Convery The Truth" Of The Aixuan School In The Southern Song Period And Its Cultural Significance, Tianxi Zheng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The four generations of the epigones of the Aixuan School in the Southern Song dynasty laid equal emphases on wen and dao, the artistic and ideological aspects of literature. The importance of human nature rose to prominence in this process, and finally obtained the same position as the ideological requirement for writing to "convey the truth". The increasing focus on the nature of literature was a projection of the secularization of Neo-Confucianism from the Southern Song period. Despite the Neo-Confucian repression of literature, it was a special phenomenon that the Aixuan School insisted on its belief in literature and continued …
The Significance Of "Sense Of Beauty" In Eighteenth-Century British Aesthetics, Jialian Li, Yunfeng Lei
The Significance Of "Sense Of Beauty" In Eighteenth-Century British Aesthetics, Jialian Li, Yunfeng Lei
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Centering on "sense of beauty," the inner sense theory developed by Shaftesbury and Hutcheson is highly significant to eighteenth-century British aesthetics. However, due to linguistic and cultural differences, these two concepts have not been well received by the Chinese intelligentsia. By focusing on "sense of beauty," this paper aims to delineate the concept's development in eighteenth-century British aesthetics and evaluate its academic significance in the history of Western aesthetics, with the purpose of supporting the theoretical construction of contemporary Chinese aesthetics.
The Soma Dimension Of Kant's Aesthetics And Its Significance For Ecoaesthetics, Xiangzhan Cheng
The Soma Dimension Of Kant's Aesthetics And Its Significance For Ecoaesthetics, Xiangzhan Cheng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Kant's aesthetics is typical for its "mind-representation". Mind uses all kinds of cognitive faculties to represent the object as a representation through synthesis, and then the object is given subjectivity through representation. Thus the taste in mind makes aesthetic judgments by connecting the representation with the subject's feeling. Kant, however, has not elaborated on and clarified the relationship between feeling and taste, thus making his aesthetics mainly "a science of judgment" that is rational rather than "a science of feeling" that is perceptual. However, Kant also proposes "taste of the senses" against "taste of reflection" and occasionally mentions such sense …
Why Is K. A Land Surveyor?, Yanbing Zeng
Why Is K. A Land Surveyor?, Yanbing Zeng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
In Franz Kafka's novel The Castle, the protagonist K. claims that he is a land surveyor by profession. However, K. has no land to survey, which undermines the certainty of K.'s profession. Why, then, did Kafka choose this ancient profession for his protagonist? The uncertainty of K.'s identity, the paper claims, implies that K. is in essence an explorer of existence. Thus, Kafka was a pioneer of existentialist writers. Giorgio Agamben argues that the protagonist K. gets the name from kardo, an old instrument for land surveying. The land surveyor's work is to establish and to break boundaries — not …
Connotations And Characteristics Of The Public And The Private In Classical Chinese Poetics: A Case Study Of Zhang Xuecheng's Idea "Publicness Of Language", Qingyu Yan
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Issues of the public and the private have been discussed thoroughly in the history of thought, while it is yet to be developed in the field of literary history. Zhang Xuecheng's idea of "publicness of language" can be regarded as an inspiring beginning. From Zhang Xuecheng's perspective, the issues of the public and the private of classical Chinese poetics can be discussed from three dimensions, namely, ownership, originality, and authorship. The tendency of privatization and the balance between the public and the private in classical Chinese poetics is clear in the discussions on the formation of and response to ownership, …
On The Lyrical Tradition Of Chinese Prose, Jianhui Chen
On The Lyrical Tradition Of Chinese Prose, Jianhui Chen
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Chen Shih-Hsiang's argument that Chinese literature is destined to be dominated by lyricism because lyrical spirit is a tradition in Chinese literature has a far-reaching scholarly influence. By tracing the development of the lyrical tradition of Chinese prose, this article summarizes three emotional patterns — "leaving and returning," "joy and worry," and "happiness and sorrow." In terms of lyrical standpoints and content, Western lyricism tend to focus on individual liberations and dreams of an ideal world, emphasizing subject value of individuals and the expression of self-feelings, while Chinese lyrical proses pay more attention to the unity of personal expression and …
On The Genealogy Of Heresy In Revolutionary Literature, Huiying Xie
On The Genealogy Of Heresy In Revolutionary Literature, Huiying Xie
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
In the late 1920s, the debates about the nature, function, direction and position of "revolutionary literature" were accompanied by various conflicting voices. In each stage of the revolutionary literature developed afterwards, there were "alien" elements that diverged from literary mainstream and authoritative discourse. With the development of history, these "alien" authors constantly developed and finally formed a continuous genealogy of heresy. In the context where mainstream culture became increasingly conservative and ideological discipline turned stricter, they were gripped in a historical dilemma. Originally, Chen Duxiu and Lu Xun were two revolutionaries with the same ultimate goal, but they had different …
The Emergence And Development Of "Chinese Aesthetics" In The Modern Times: A Historical Inquiry , Qiang Zhao
The Emergence And Development Of "Chinese Aesthetics" In The Modern Times: A Historical Inquiry , Qiang Zhao
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Over the last century, the legitimacy of Chinese aesthetics has been gradually confirmed in the studies of aesthetics and the writings of the history of aesthetics by Chinese and Western scholars. Cultural exchanges between China and the West have promoted the indigenization of aesthetics in China and deconstructed the universality of Western aesthetics, thus giving rise to the plural concept of "world aesthetics", which paved the way for the modern construction of "Chinese aesthetics". Due to its importance, the way to interpret Chinese aesthetics has become "the meta-question" that promotes the study and writing of the history of "Chinese aesthetics".
"New Literature" And "Old Tradition":The Interaction Between Modern And Traditional Zhanghui Novels, Bingru Guo
"New Literature" And "Old Tradition":The Interaction Between Modern And Traditional Zhanghui Novels, Bingru Guo
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The Zhanghui novel epitomizes classical Chinese fiction and is one of the main constituents of its narrative tradition. The different and varying understandings of zhanghui novels by new literature in different historical periods influenced not only the relationship between new literature and "old tradition," but also, significantly, the concept of modern fiction and its creative practice. Despite Western literature's impact on modern Chinese fiction, it still developed in close relation to old traditions, including the zhanghui novel. This phenomenon displays new literature's complicated relationships with literary tradition, historical context and social reality, as well as its historical trajectory of genesis, …
The Receptive Dimension Of "The Music Of Today Derives From The Music Of Antiquity", Miaodan Chen
The Receptive Dimension Of "The Music Of Today Derives From The Music Of Antiquity", Miaodan Chen
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The discussion between Mencius and the King Xuan of Qi on music was aimed at political benevolence, and "the music of today derives from the music of antiquity" was not Mencius's deliberate theorization. As this concept has no further elaboration in its original context, it has caused intellectual controversies for later generations. Basically, scholars of the Song dynasty denied the notion from historical and Neo-Confucian perspectives, while those of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties accepted it by justifying the value of "the music of today." Among the supporters, there were two different voices, that is, to consider "the music …
From "Image" To Simulacrum: Derrida's Discussion On Writing, Shubao Dong
From "Image" To Simulacrum: Derrida's Discussion On Writing, Shubao Dong
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Writing is one of the key words in Derrida's deconstructive philosophy. In his Of Grammatology, Derrida refers to the claims of writing from Plato to Rousseau and down to Saussure, confuting their idea that "writing is the image of speech". However, Derrida, inspired by Saussure's principle of difference that "in language there are only differences," and expounds the relationship between writing and difference, by which he transforms Saussure's static difference into the dynamic difference. Writing plays the game of difference in simulacra, and fills up the simulacrum in the supplemental movement of "image", Writing finally becomes a roaming orphan, which …
Political Or Ethical: Chen Duxiu's Motive For Writing "Towards A Literary Revolution", Xu Xu
Political Or Ethical: Chen Duxiu's Motive For Writing "Towards A Literary Revolution", Xu Xu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Chen Duxiu's motive for writing "Towards a Literary Revolution" has been widely understood on the political level. This conception is based on its historical consequence and therefore controversial among scholars. To put the article into its original context, a solid correlation can be found between the debate on literary revolution and the slogan of "reforming national characters." Combined with the anti-Confucian revolution back then and the textual performance of the article, it can be argued that, for Chen Duxiu, the concern of ethics was more imperative than that of society or politics. In this view, to reconnect "Towards a Literary …
The In-Betweenness Of Humankind And Thing: A Crisis Of Modernity From The Perspective Of Philosophy Of Technology, Zhengbo Zhang
The In-Betweenness Of Humankind And Thing: A Crisis Of Modernity From The Perspective Of Philosophy Of Technology, Zhengbo Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The harmony between humankind and Thing is the normative basis on which ecological balance and stable social development are maintained. With the development of industrial revolution, information technology, and neurosciences, this due harmony has been disturbed by such crises of modernity as the schism between humankind and Thing, the excessive connection between humankind and Thing, and the bewildered in-betweenness of humankind and Thing. These predicaments may lead to consequences like ecological imbalance, moral bankruptcy, emotional distortion, and even the destruction of human beings. In this regard, it is through returning to the "undifferentiated world," facilitating the mutual exchange between humankind …
The Innovation On Early Modern Language And The Change Of Fiction's Language Style, Xiaojun Liu
The Innovation On Early Modern Language And The Change Of Fiction's Language Style, Xiaojun Liu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The change of early modern fiction's language style was closely related to the language innovation movement. Under the impetus of the movement of oral-written languages integration and the movement of national language unification, the language style of early modern fiction saw a decline in the influence of classical Chinese language and an increase in vernacular Chinese language. In this process, vernacular Chinese language absorbed the essence of classical Chinese language, received the influence of translated works, and combined the elements of classical and mandarin Chinese languages, thus forming a heteroglossia style. The completion of the change in the style of …
The Paradox Of "Self": New Literature's Ethical Problems Of "Individual Liberation", Jianhua Song
The Paradox Of "Self": New Literature's Ethical Problems Of "Individual Liberation", Jianhua Song
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The new literature relies on the form of "natural person" to pursue the ideals of "self" and "freedom", which indeed promoted the historical progress of Chinese society. However, this type of absolute "self" and "freedom" also directly destabilized the ethical relationship in traditional culture, thus making people's behavior disordered. Once the "self" was placed above society and broke away from the control of social moral norms, the opposition between the "self" and society emerged, and the "self" eventually fell into ideological confusion as it could no longer exist. For new literature, the shift from blind optimism to rational thinking in …
An Analysis Of The Phenomenon Of Titling Fu With Poetry In The Tang Dynasty, Haoyu Tang
An Analysis Of The Phenomenon Of Titling Fu With Poetry In The Tang Dynasty, Haoyu Tang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Poetry and fu (prosy ode) both flourished during the Tang dynasty, and thus with the mutual infiltration and development of poetry and fu, there was a phenomenon of using poetical lines in the title of fu, which influenced its content and purport. This phenomenon also reflected similarities and differences of poetry and fu in expressions and characteristics, and clearly revealed the trend of confluence of poetry and fu in the development of literary styles during the Tang dynasty. This article lists all the works in The Complete Fu of the Tang Dynasty that used poetry in titles and analyzes their …
On The Experiential Basis Of Beauty, Hongxiang Li
On The Experiential Basis Of Beauty, Hongxiang Li
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The concept of beauty has been abused in contemporary popular aesthetics, which attributes the beautiful to the superficial experience of human body and fails to understand the spirituality of true beauty. In contrast to beauty in everyday sense, true beauty exists in ecstasy, a holistic experience integrating body and mind, in which people may feel a transcendental sense of reality. Different from pathological illusion, the ecstatic sense of beauty signifies nature's manifestation in human life and testifies to the intrinsic harmony between humankind and the universe. Through the lens of ecstasy, this article examines true beauty in three dimensions: reflections …
The Artistry In The Historical Storytelling Scripts Of The Song And Yuan Dynasties, Dajun Xu
The Artistry In The Historical Storytelling Scripts Of The Song And Yuan Dynasties, Dajun Xu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The Song dynasty saw the development of telling historical stories in both official functions and folk gatherings, and both occasions reflect the popularization of historical knowledge not only in these occasions but also in the sociocultural environment. Artisan's storytelling performance and popular history books represent two representational forms of the oral and written products, and historical storytelling scripts thus emerged. These scripts are the results of the popularization of historical knowledge, the prosperity of popular historical books, the attitude to and the ability in vernacular Chinese during the Yuan dynasty. In this process, the style of expression of historical storytelling …