Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Vainglory Or The True Glory Of Christ: The Life Of Saint Catherine Of Siena, Dana Hallstrom

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

On April 29,1380, Saint Catherine of Siena lay dying in Rome surrounded by her closest disciples. An eyewitness account of the scene reports that in the midst of her death throes Catherine suddenly exclaimed, "Vainglory? Never! But the true glory of Christ crucified," seemingly compelled in her last moments to offer a final justification for her unusual life. Several years prior to her death, after having spent more than three years in selfimposed solitude and severe asceticism in a small room underneath the stairs of her father's house, young Catherine Benicasa experienced a vision in which Christ appeared to her …

Words With God, Krista Fassett

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

As a studio artist using multiple media, I investigate subjectivity of the female body as depicted within the context of evangelical doctrines and traditions. I explore misogyny and the absence of bodily autonomy in the bible, which designates women as property to be owned, purchased, and sold. Some overlapping themes include religious trauma, domestication, submission, and virginity. The intertwining of topics allows me to share my lived experience, and ignite conversation into certain religious doctrines that simultaneously live among cultural and political lines.

Emphasizing ‘holy’ scripture, my art varies through domestic materiality and includes crocheted textiles, oil paintings, installation with …

Austen's Realist Feminine Icon, Sean Mcconnell

Student Works

No abstract provided.

Subversion Of Traditional Gender Roles In Macbeth, Olivia Eubanks

Merge

No abstract provided.

Attitudes Of Unmarried Men And Women Towards Stay-At-Home Husbands In Indian Society, Rasabattula Srinivas

Journal of International Women's Studies

Although at a slow rate, the gender roles of women are changing in India. Today, Indian women are assuming responsibilities far beyond those of a traditional household. However, the question arises: are the gender roles of men changing? Is Indian society open to the idea of a stay-at-home husband? To address these concerns, we conducted interviews with unmarried women and men, followed by a thematic analysis. Ninety-seven percent of male respondents expressed reluctance towards becoming a stay-at-home husband, while 86% of female respondents indicated a hesitancy to marry someone with that inclination. Major reasons cited by males included “gender role …

Paul And Gender: Early Reception And Modern Implications, Phoebe Carstens

Obsculta

Within Paul’s letters, there is a wealth of theological and ministerial material with a variety of implications and interpretations—what Paul seems to say about the position of women in the Church is the object of much debate. This piece highlights the ways in which Paul displays an openness to greater involvement of women in the Christian movement and a breaking of traditional female gender roles, yet simultaneously upholds rigid boundaries of marked gender distinction, thus mirroring a current stance of the Church today.

Framing Femininity: Opportunities For Gender Non-Conformity At U.S. Women's Colleges At The Turn Of The Twentieth Century, Natté Fortier

Undergraduate Research Awards

Cross-dressing and same-sex attractions were common occurrences at historically women’s colleges (HWCs) in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the majority of these institutions came into their own. When examining typical characteristics of HWC campus cultures in their formative years, one might be surprised to see misalignment between common and accepted behaviors by college women versus outside social expectations for women of their class and time period. Thus we might ask: what unique opportunities existed in the early era of HWCs that permitted students to transcend elite patriarchal expectations for gender and femininity? This paper aims to explore …

How Gender Roles Impact The Social Perceptions Of Sexual Assault, Autumn Zwakenberg

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study set out to examine how different factors such as the gender of the victim, the gender of the perpetrator, and the scenario of sexual assault, can influence an outsider’s opinion of the sexual assault. There were two main hypotheses: the first is male and female participants would perceive the push-away scenario as sexual assault at equal rates, but significantly more female participants would perceive the victim allowing the perpetrator to unbuckle their pants scenario as sexual assault. The second is male and female participants would view the male perpetrator scenarios as sexual assault equally, but significantly more female …

Metaphors In Materials And Imagery For Self Reclamation And Empowerment, Janice Lardey

Masters Theses

As an experimental multidisciplinary artist, my creative process draws inspiration from daily experiences and encounters with the mundane. I am particularly interested in West African textile cultural practices, specifically the use of symbols and basic geometric forms to communicate through materials (specifically fabrics) and the role these images and forms play in African culture. In my work, I am developing my own distinct vocabulary of symbols and patterns, inspired by these practices.

My artistic practice explores a wide range of themes related to women, sustainability, loss, everydayness, wear and tear, degeneration, the transitory nature of life, and material effects, often …

Use Of Technology By Ecuadorian Teachers: An Exploratory Study About Gender Roles, Ximena D. Burgin

Journal of International Women's Studies

Since the 1970s, middle-class educated Ecuadorian women have engaged in activism for gender equality in civil, political, social, and economic sectors in Ecuador. Ecuador has enacted legal frameworks to promote equality between men and women in the workplace. However, women remain at a disadvantage regarding salaries, working hours, and access to education. Moreover, the current educational needs have accentuated the importance of integrating technology in the classroom which have changed teaching practices based on teachers’ pedagogical approaches as well as teachers’ gender. Teachers’ decision-making process is influenced by sociocultural norms about gender roles. This ethnographic case study explored the interactions …

Embracing The Changes: A Study Examining The Career Intentions Of Saudi Women Undergraduates, Beverley Mcnally, Carmen Winkel

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

Personal Narratives & Their Unique Personalities, Aayesha Ejaz

MFA in Illustration & Visual Culture

This essay uncovers the motives behind memoir-writing, and explores the idea that it can serve as a gift—offering the audience some consolation by sharing one’s personal and emotional experiences. Since memoir-writing is an act of generosity, the essay also endorses the principle of crafting these narratives with love and one’s being—hands, voice, and other tangible ingredients. It focuses primarily on explicit storytelling through music, picture books, comics, et al. It also looks at some relevant terms like catharsis, misfit, vulnerability, and rigid gender roles in our world (school and society). On the whole, the essay encourages finding an outlet for …

Redefining Unnatural: A Modern Understanding Of Paul’S Homophobia, Emma Bradley

Student Research Submissions

This paper examines the change in the meaning of the word “unnatural” in Romans 1:26-27, and establishes both an idea of what the Apostle Paul intended and a definition for how the word is used in modernity. There are five sections, each one building off of the next: Background, Analysis of the Text, Scholar’s Reading of the Text, Understanding and Usage in Antiquity, Modern Definition and Understanding, and Conclusion. The paper discovers that Paul’s intention with the word “unnatural” can be summarized as “any sex which is non-procreative, outside of marriage, and goes against gender roles.” However, a modern definition …

Bfa Show, Alexandra Dulski

Student Projects

The works in this series explore and question gender roles and stereotypes within work and domestic environments. Throughout history, men have been the breadwinners who come home to a fully cooked meal made by a woman. But today, everyone has career goals no matter their gender identity. Women have worked hard to break down barriers put up in male-dominated work environments, such as in the sports industry. Similarly, men are now able to explore hobbies and careers that had a feminine label in the past, such as taking care of the housework and cooking.

Although we’ve made great progress as …

Stereotypes In Media: The Dangers They Pose To Young Women Today, Lauren Koehl, Emily Langston, Madison Sternberg, Sierra Ward

Spring 2023

The way in which women are portrayed in the media is a very diverse and prominent issue in society today. This issue is also one that affects each of us on a daily basis, as stereotypes portrayed in the media are often used as a comparative measure. This zine serves to bring awareness to these stereotypes through specific examples from television, movies, and social media advertisements. This zine also outlines the male gaze and oversexualization, and explains how these things affect many different aspects of women’s lives.

Women In Sustainable Leadership: A Case Study On The Perspectives, Opportunities, And Challenges Of Biologist And Conservationist Estrela Matilde, Ella Lyons

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Despite the relatively small population of 8,000 occupants and the minimal international recognition of the Island of Príncipe, located off of the Gulf of Guinea on the Western Coast of Central Africa, the region has increasingly become a leading example of sustainable practices to be taken on a global scale in the near future to combat our current climate crisis. This case study explores the sustainable practices that Príncipe has learned to embrace under the leadership of Portuguese conservation biologist and project manager for the NGO Fundação Príncipe, Estrela Matilde. Estrela integrates social, cultural, and environmental conservation to align with …

What Are The Attitudes Towards Changing Gender Roles Within The Saudi Family?, Rasis Alanazi, Munira Alhugail, Tagreed Almeshary

Journal of International Women's Studies

Saudi Vision 2030 was launched with a focus on three main themes: “a vibrant society,” “a thriving economy,” and “an ambitious nation” (2017). In order to realize these primary themes, more participation of women is required in the workforce. A number of legislative reforms have supported the entry of more women into the workforce, such as lifting the male guardian permission for work and travel, supporting programs for childcare, allowing women to drive cars, and ensuring women’s involvement in leadership positions. Saudi women are now working in defense, mining, construction, manufacturing, and retail among other sectors. As a result, women's …

Nice Girls, Wild Women: The Call Of The American Wilderness And Feminine Rejection Of The American Dream, Alice Paige Dillard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reflecting the inherently patriarchal nature of the colonization that birthed America as a nation, the American landscape English settlers sought to subjugate became connotated with the female gender through English colonial writing. American westward expansion gained greater allure than the overt appeal of conquest and agrarian industry when her untamed western landscape was likened to images of an unspent virginal bride or the breast of a nurturing mother. Thomas Morton likens the colonies of Maryland and Virginia to the Biblical figures of Leah and Rachel in his poem “New English Canaan” to demonstrate their equal worth as English colonies, though …

Los Defectos De La Perfección: Un Análisis De Los Temas Recurrentes De Secretos, Traumas Intergeneracionales E Identidades Biculturales En Yo No Soy Tu Perfecta Hija Mexicana, Tiffany Vembenil

Honors Theses

This thesis explores the social critiques by author Erika L. Sánchez in her debut novel Yo no soy tu perfecta hija mexicana (2017). This is a fictional coming-of-age story of teen Julia Reyes, who is grieving the death of her “perfect” older sister. Sánchez explores intersectional feminism, describing Julia’s struggles with gender roles, power dynamics, race, and socioeconomic status.

Sánchez employs imagery and irony to critique how the judging, silence, and secrecy that younger generations learn from their community permit predatory behavior, sexual assault, and victim-blaming. However, she also shows how keeping secrets can be a necessary evil to protect …

Where Have All Our Women Gone? Using Art To Destigmatize And Celebrate Biblical Womanhood, Emma Catherine Ream

Masters Theses

In the 21st century, young Christian women struggle with understanding and applying practical aspects of Biblical womanhood in their day-to-day lives. Extreme views make it difficult for young women to navigate life in a way that makes sense in the cultural context of the 21st century. Young women today struggle to utilize the full range of talents and gifts that God has given them, and more importantly, they struggle to align their lives with Scripture. The lack of knowledge concerning what Biblical womanhood is, combined with confusion about how it is applied, impacts not only the women themselves, but everyone …

Spinning Plates, Anikó K.L. Sáfrán

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Spinning Plates is an intermedia exhibition based on multitasking, at times to an absurd level, to address the gendered division of care labor in a typical, heteronormative household. One hundred years into the pursuit of passing an Equal Rights Amendment, women are still taking on the majority of duties related to managing and caretaking the household and its children, even though most women have also joined the income-generating labor force. At the core of the exhibit are performance-based videos of the mother-artist multitasking, completing household chores, exercising, and creating art. Some of the artworks are action paintings, others are drawings …

What The World Needs Now: Love, Humor And The Shakespeare Connection, Kelly Capers

English MA Theses

What the World Needs Now: Love, Humor and the Shakespeare Connection discusses how the modern romantic comedy (rom com) genre depicts gender roles in adaptations of William Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream and The Taming of the Shrew. This paper looks at Shakespeare’s contributions to the themes of romantic comedy and how 21^st Century filmmakers interpret his concepts. Because rom com typically lacks value among scholars, much of this genre’s impact on audiences is overlooked, yet its popularity makes it an undeniable presence deserving a closer examination. The 2020 pandemic brought into specific relief, not only the popularity …

Crafted For The Male Gaze: Gender Discrimination In The K-Pop Industry, Liz Jonas

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper explores the ways in which the Korean popular music industry has maintained and promoted pre-existing cultural patriarchy. The discussion highlights how seeming opportunity for women to enter the industry has resulted in increased objectification and legitimacy of the domination of the “male gaze.” The paper provides an evaluation of the career, marginalization, and precarity of female music artists (“idols”) both with respect to the issues they face and in comparison, with their male counterparts. The paper addresses how ageism and sexualization in the music industry has influenced and reinforced social norms. The discussion concludes by noting a cultural …

Hating Pink: The Development Of Internalized Misogyny, Jacey Wilson

Fall Student Research Symposium 2021

For women, expectations of gender roles as placed on them as children can mean growing up with a self-perception of inferiority and a prediction for themselves of incapability. Misogyny’s place in society is a concept which is fairly widely-recognized. Women face misogyny in day-to-day interactions and in larger-scale issues like the gender wage gap. More recognizable are more violent acts of sexism such as sexual violence against women and the structural wage gap. However, less commonly recognized and discussed are the acts which perpetuate sexism quietly, such as benevolent sexism. Many women experience negative psychological effects due to the patriarchal …

Costuming Characters In Early Medieval Irish Literature, Lydia Lee

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Clothing in early medieval Irish literature can often serve as a representation of a character’s wealth and status. However, this paper asserts that the storytellers of these texts costume characters in order to reflect more nuanced layers of their identity. By examining the ways in which clothing is desccribed in Irish tales from the Mythological Cycle and the Ulster Cycle, as well as the legal text “Cáin Íarraith,” this paper argues that storytellers use garments to indicate a character’s geographical roots and occupation, reinforce customs and strengthen social bonds, comment on gender roles of aristocratic women, and serve as a …

Crafted For The Male Gaze: Gender Discrimination In The K-Pop Industry, Liz Jonas

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper explores the ways in which the idol industry portrays male and female bodies through the comparison of idol groups and the dominant ways in which they are marketed to the public. A key difference is the absence or presence of agency. Whereas boy group content may market towards the female gaze, their content is crafted by a largely male creative staff or the idols themselves, affording the idols agency over their choices or placing them in power holding positions. Contrasted, girl groups are marketed towards the male gaze, by a largely male creative staff and with less idols …

“Rage Defends Against Overwhelming Loss”: A Literature Review On Women, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, And Anger, Sarah Maeder

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

A literature review examining the difference in anger as a symptom of PTSD based on gender. The focus was on how gender roles and stereotypes impact women’s, as well as providers’, interpretation, expression, acknowledgement, and suppression of anger. By researching civilian survivors of non-combat trauma, the review examined PTSD and symptom discrepancies along a gender divide. Emphasis was placed on the creation of gender as a social construct. Significant nuance was discovered when defining anger, its means of expression, and measurement tools, particularly when interacting with gender. The history of art therapy as a treatment modality for PTSD and anger …

The Forgotten Disciples: The Faithful Witness Of Women In Early Christianity, Jessica C. Hughes

Eleutheria: John W. Rawlings School of Divinity Academic Journal

At its earliest, Christianity is a religion of respect and dignity for women. This paper examines the experience and contributions of women to Christianity, beginning at the time of Christ and continuing to through to approximately 300 A.D., or shortly before the Nicene Creed was developed. This paper demonstrates the way the church, from the outset, has largely relied on the contributions and gifts of women in order to fulfill its mission. This paper then applies this historic context to the American church in issues of life and gender, concluding that it is the recognition and partnership with women, not …

The Whore And The Holy Woman: How Christianity And Islam Slandered Their Leading Ladies, Olivia Heale

Honors Projects

Mary Magdalene and Aisha Bint Abi Bakr—women hailing from the early days of Christianity and Islam respectively—are household names among adherents to each of those religions, but most know surprisingly little about who the women were. Both were independent, highly influential women, but their legacies have been corrupted by associations with repentance for deviation from traditional gender roles as well as with sexual immorality. This paper examines the biography of each women and puts it in conversation with her legacy in order to demonstrate a theme of strong women being erased from religious narratives—a theme which we must reverse in …

Pink Fantasy, Andrea Clary

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

“I do my hair toss check my nails, baby how you feeling? Feeling good as hell”– Lizzo, “Good as Hell”, Cuz I Love You, 2019.

My work is about self-acceptance and body positivity. I am learning to love and accept my own body and channel this personal growth into my ceramics.

Reacting to media images of celebrity culture and the movement of fabric in Couture runway fashion shows, I am deeply impacted by contemporary American beauty ideals. Utilizing Hip-hop’s cultural messages of defiance and historical platform for presenting underrepresented voices, song titles and slang become titles for my work, in …