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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Nietzsche's Spiritual Exercises, Babette Babich
Nietzsche's Spiritual Exercises, Babette Babich
Articles and Chapters in Academic Book Collections
Nietzsche’s third Untimely Meditation, composed in 1874, Schopenhauer as Educator, reflects upon and describes a “spiritual exercise” not unlike the spiritual exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola, detailing tactics and including practical advice. Thus Nietzsche’s “spiritual exercises” correspond to the traditional practice of self-cultivation, self-education, characteristic of the Stoic philosophers but also influential for the Hellenistic neo-Platonic tradition, the church fathers, and St. Augustine, author of De Magistro and the Confessions. Beyond antiquity, spiritual exercises refer to a theological practice of selfcultivation and self-discipline.
Book Review: A Very Civil War: The Swiss Sonderbund War Of 1842., Sabine Jessner
Book Review: A Very Civil War: The Swiss Sonderbund War Of 1842., Sabine Jessner
Swiss American Historical Society Review
The Sonderbund war of 1847 was, as the author convincingly demonstrates, "a very civil war." Unlike the later North American sectional conflict, Switzerland's regional strife lasted but twenty-five days and cost fewer than a hundred lives. Yet these statistics belie the rancor that divided the opposing parties, the more than 150,000 men under arms on both sides, and the very imminent danger of international involvement.