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Articles 1 - 30 of 46
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Exploring Student Engagement At Gallaudet: A Video Analysis Of Direct Asl Instruction And Asl Interpreter-Facilitated Instruction, Mara Land
Undergraduate University Honors Capstones
This capstone study explores students' engagement levels in Gallaudet’s classrooms through a compilation of videos courtesy of Gallaudet’s Bilingual Evaluation, Testing, and Assessment Center (BETA Center). Students' engagement in videos of classes taught by a professor who uses ASL interpreters (indirect communication) and those of professors fluent in ASL (direct communication) are analyzed. The video analysis consists of two classes taught by professors fluent in ASL and one taught by a professor utilizing ASL interpreters. Student and professor surveys also contributed to the data collection. This research aims to analyze the differences between each classroom type and contribute to identifying …
Asymmetric Event-Related Potential Priming Effects Between English Letters And American Sign Language Fingerspelling Fonts, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Katherine J. Midgley, Karen Emmory, Phillip J. Holcomb
Asymmetric Event-Related Potential Priming Effects Between English Letters And American Sign Language Fingerspelling Fonts, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Katherine J. Midgley, Karen Emmory, Phillip J. Holcomb
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research
Letter recognition plays an important role in reading and follows different phases of processing, from early visual feature detection to the access of abstract letter representations. Deaf ASL–English bilinguals experience orthography in two forms: English letters and fingerspelling. However, the neurobiological nature of fingerspelling representations, and the relationship between the two orthographies, remains unexplored. We examined the temporal dynamics of single English letter and ASL fingerspelling font processing in an unmasked priming paradigm with centrally presented targets for 200 ms preceded by 100 ms primes. Event-related brain potentials were recorded while participants performed a probe detection task. Experiment 1 examined …
Lived Experiences Of Mixed-Race Children Of Deaf Adults, Marissa Rivera
Lived Experiences Of Mixed-Race Children Of Deaf Adults, Marissa Rivera
Master of Arts in Interpreting Studies and Communication Equity Thesis or Action Research Project
The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative exploratory study was to examine the impact of Deaf culture upbringing on mixed-race children raised in the United States. The data was obtained through virtual semi structured focus groups with ten mixed-race children of Deaf adults (Codas) over the age of eighteen years old, and an anonymous survey with the phenomenological analysis of participants’ experiences growing up as a mixed-race child of a Deaf adult. Growing up mixed-race as a Coda revealed four overarching themes of lived experiences such as: intersectionality of a mixed-race Coda, parental culture transmission, hearing family members, and managing intersecting …
Goodnight Gorilla: How Do Second Language Learners’ American Sign Language Narrative Renditions Change After Viewing An Asl Model?, Jennifer Beal Dr., Jessica Scott, Terynce Butts
Goodnight Gorilla: How Do Second Language Learners’ American Sign Language Narrative Renditions Change After Viewing An Asl Model?, Jennifer Beal Dr., Jessica Scott, Terynce Butts
Journal of Interpretation
We investigated the effects of a single viewing of an American Sign Language (ASL) model on university second language learners’ ASL narrative renditions. Spoken English was the first language of all participants and they had varied lengths of signing experience, ranging from 1 to 26 years. Participants completed a receptive measure of ASL. Then they rendered a wordless picture book in ASL. Afterwards, they watched a native-signing adult model of the story in ASL, and then told the story again. We investigated their inclusion of specific details and how they expressed them, including their use of constructed action (CA), depicting …
Determining American Sign Language Joint Trajectory Similarity Using Dynamic Time Warping (Dtw), Rohith Mandavilli
Determining American Sign Language Joint Trajectory Similarity Using Dynamic Time Warping (Dtw), Rohith Mandavilli
Computer Science Senior Theses
As American Sign Language (ASL), the language used by Deaf/Hard of Hearing (D/HH) Americans has grown in popularity in recent years, an unprecedented number of schools and organizations now offer ASL classes. Many hold misconceptions about ASL, assuming it is easily learned; however due to its rich, complex grammatical construction, it’s not mastered easily beyond a basic level. Therefore, it becomes ever more important to improve upon existing techniques to teach ASL. The Dartmouth Applied Learning Initiative (DALI) at Dartmouth college in coordination with the Robotics and Reality Lab developed an application on the Oculus Quest that helps D/HH individuals …
Adjusting To Change: Learning American Sign Language Online During A Global Pandemic, Kara Gournaris
Adjusting To Change: Learning American Sign Language Online During A Global Pandemic, Kara Gournaris
Northwest Journal of Teacher Education
Second language acquisition of American Sign Language (ASL) requires opportunities for engagement with native language models (Krashen, 1988). The shift to online instruction due to the impact of COVID-19 presented unique challenges for ASL programs across the United States. With little time to redesign courses, instructors and students had to navigate the experience of online learning together. The students who participated in this 2020 study at Western Oregon University (WOU) shared their raw experiences related to this transition, and unfortunately, one year later, many of the same barriers reported by students persist. The purpose of this article is to share …
Tell Me How You Really Feel: A Qualitative Look At The Trepidation Felt By American Sign Language Interpreters When Voicing Taboo And Strong Language, Devon E. Wilson
Tell Me How You Really Feel: A Qualitative Look At The Trepidation Felt By American Sign Language Interpreters When Voicing Taboo And Strong Language, Devon E. Wilson
Master of Arts in Interpreting Studies and Communication Equity Thesis or Action Research Project
Interpreters are humans and, despite historical assumptions and beliefs, do not remain completely neutral when performing interpreting duties. At times, interpreters will feel emotions that surface as a reaction to source messages. These emotions can arise quickly with little warning, causing interpreters to navigate them in a matter of seconds and make decisions regarding how to best interpret the source message. This is especially true if the source message contains any form of taboo / strong language. Such messages may cause trepidation when voicing - working from American Sign Language into English - and word choices may affect the hearing …
Health, Human Rights, And Structural Violence: Identifying Barriers To Healthcare Access Of Deaf American Sign Language Users In Rhode Island, Christine A. West
Health, Human Rights, And Structural Violence: Identifying Barriers To Healthcare Access Of Deaf American Sign Language Users In Rhode Island, Christine A. West
Master of Arts in Interpreting Studies and Communication Equity Thesis or Action Research Project
Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) users possess both human and legal rights to health. Yet, despite these rights, this linguistic minority group continues to experience challenges in accessing health care services. Using a structural violence framework, this study identifies the barriers to healthcare access of Deaf ASL users in one particular state - Rhode Island. More specifically, this study seeks to uncover the structural and social forces that constrain agency of Deaf ASL users in their attempts to access healthcare. Survey methodology is used to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data from 11 community stakeholder groups. Results show that Deaf …
The Multi, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek
The Multi, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek
Journal of Religion & Film
This is a film review of The Multi (2022), directed by Storm S. Smith and Mikhail Chowdhury.
Silent And Accessible Theatre, Nicole Line
Silent And Accessible Theatre, Nicole Line
Honors Projects
Silent and Deaf accessible theatre challenges the stereotypes many people have of theatre and introduces audiences to new perceptions of the artform. When it comes to theatre, one often thinks of long, multi-act plays with lots of spoken dialogue. While this is the most common style of theatrical performance, there is more to theatre than staged language. When deciding my project’s concept this past year, I brainstormed many different ways to include all areas of my studies here at BGSU including theatre, dance, and American Sign Language (ASL). I am very passionate about these aspects and wanted my project to …
Signing To Success: Developing Effective Asl Curricula In Secondary Public Education, Claire Sutterer
Signing To Success: Developing Effective Asl Curricula In Secondary Public Education, Claire Sutterer
Undergraduate Research Symposium
This study aims to investigate the history of American Sign Language (ASL) in public schools, analyze where ASL education is today, and provide potential solutions to improving the quantity and quality of ASL classes within public high schools. A significant body of research focusing on preK-2nd grade students and research with primary concentration on students who are Deaf or hard of hearing has already been developed. However, developing effective methods for teaching ASL to hearing people is a relatively new and under researched area. ASL was not officially recognized as a language until the 1950s. It wasn’t until 2011 that …
Bilingual Language Stimulation Strategies: Recasting And Expansion: A Creative Research Based Product, Merri Lindsey
Bilingual Language Stimulation Strategies: Recasting And Expansion: A Creative Research Based Product, Merri Lindsey
Undergraduate University Honors Capstones
The purpose of this research-based creative product was to provide a workshop to parents of toddlers providing information on preventative language stimulation strategies, specifically recasting and expansion. The original proposed study intended to analyze outcomes based on a pretest/posttest design, but due to recruitment challenges, it changed. Four remote synchronous workshops were planned: one for hearing parents of children acquiring ASL, one for hearing parents of children acquiring spoken English, one for deaf parents of children acquiring spoken English and ASL, and one for deaf parents of children acquiring ASL. Due to struggles with participant recruitment, I instead developed a …
Untold Stories Of Asl Deprivation: A Collection Of Experiences, Lydia Kopp
Untold Stories Of Asl Deprivation: A Collection Of Experiences, Lydia Kopp
Undergraduate University Honors Capstones
Language deprivation is a serious issue in deaf education and in the deaf community. Language deprivation occurs when the child is not exposed to an accessible language within their formative years, which is from birth to five years old. In this Capstone project, real-life experiences of language deprivation specifically on the lack of access to ASL were explored by collected interviews from four adults that were converted into creative nonfiction stories in a biographical style. This project focuses on the effects of ASL deprivation, as opposed to English and any other language. The stories portrayed how different the participants’ experiences …
Cokely Parallel Corpus Master Spreadsheet, Daniel Roush
Cokely Parallel Corpus Master Spreadsheet, Daniel Roush
Dennis Cokely Parallel Corpus: Related Materials
This master Excel spreadsheet contains the phrase-by-phrase alignment between the original English source texts and the glossing of the ASL translation texts based on all 6 translations in the Cokely Parallel Corpus.
American Sign Language Interpreting For D/Deaf Individuals With Disabilities: A Qualitative Study And Practical Guide, Emily Mason
American Sign Language Interpreting For D/Deaf Individuals With Disabilities: A Qualitative Study And Practical Guide, Emily Mason
Senior Honors Theses
American Sign Language (ASL) interpreting for d/Deaf individuals with disabilities (DWD) is a complex task, and one which lacks an adequate research-base to inform best practices. Using the foundation of existing literature on closely related topics such as the field of ASL interpreting, educational interpreting, education of DWD individuals, and research about specific disabilities occurring with d/Deafness, I compiled a literature review and created a theoretical conceptual framework concerning this topic. In further investigation of this subject, I also conducted a qualitative study through online questionnaires sent out by email to ASL interpreters located through snowball sampling. The data collected …
Embracing The Next Generation Of Interpreters: A Call To Action For The Registry Of Interpreters For The Deaf, Barbara D. Garrett, Emily G. Girardin
Embracing The Next Generation Of Interpreters: A Call To Action For The Registry Of Interpreters For The Deaf, Barbara D. Garrett, Emily G. Girardin
Journal of Interpretation
The founding members of the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (RID) felt strongly about recruiting, training, and confirming the competence of interpreters. As a result, for over 50 years RID has been the national leader for the profession of ASL-English interpreting. At the same time, the next generation of American Sign Language (ASL)-English interpreters continue to face challenges pertaining to pre-service education, practicum experiences, and professional support after graduation as they enter the field. This article describes these challenges and offers suggested recommendations toward proactive organizational investment in this next generation of interpreters that will improve the quality of …
Forced Transitions: Learning Asl In A Virtual Environment, Kara Gournaris
Forced Transitions: Learning Asl In A Virtual Environment, Kara Gournaris
Northwest Journal of Teacher Education
Engagement with native language models is essential for second language acquisition. Social distancing mandates made this interaction nearly impossible for students learning American Sign Language (ASL), at a small rural university in western Oregon. COVID-19 brought with it many challenges, not the least of which was a hurried transition from face-to-face to online learning. The author found that some courses degraded in content and instruction when shifting to an online platform. Without access to community events where native language models were present, ASL students had less opportunities for incidental learning, legitimate peripheral participation, and connection within Deaf communities of practice.
Exploring The Acquisition Of American Sign Language By Deaf Kindergarten Children: Early Language Access And The Use Of Appropriate Resources, Jenelle Rouse
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This dissertation explores the accounts of educators and parents regarding the accessibility of American Sign Language (ASL) and its acquisition by deaf children in Ontario, Canada. It is generally known that deaf children’s ASL acquisition and proficiency is directly affected by their early exposure to the language; the earlier and greater the exposure, the greater the acquisition and proficiency, while later and inadequate exposure results in poorer acquisition and proficiency. In the face of societal and educational systems in Ontario, there have been some attempts to provide opportunities for deaf children and their families to develop and acquire ASL (Snoddon, …
Vaccine Literacy Among Deaf Adult American Sign Language Users Of Hearing Parents, Casey Lee Peck
Vaccine Literacy Among Deaf Adult American Sign Language Users Of Hearing Parents, Casey Lee Peck
Undergraduate University Honors Capstones
Background: Communication barriers, the lack of proficiency in English, and poor communication with medical providers affect some Deaf people negatively in terms of health literacy. One contemporary controversial health literacy issue affecting Deaf people concerns vaccines. According to the literature, parents with higher health literacy are less likely to vaccinate their children as opposed to those parents with low health literacy (Veldwijk, van der Heide, Rademakers, Schuit, de Wit, Uiters & Lambooij 2015). Studies have shown that the majority of the deaf population have relatively low health literacy; however, vaccine literacy in the deaf population has not been investigated. Research …
I See What You're Saying: A Deaf Culture And American Sign Language Awareness Event, Alexis M. Sejnoha
I See What You're Saying: A Deaf Culture And American Sign Language Awareness Event, Alexis M. Sejnoha
Honors Thesis
Deaf Culture and American Sign Language are an important part of the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing community. Most people outside of this community are unaware of these aspects, and remain uneducated about them. This document is an event plan for an educational event about American Sign Language and Deaf Culture, as well as an artist statement explaining the conception and implementation of this plan, and how it was impacted by the Covid 19 pandemic.
Parsing An American Sign Language Corpus With Combinatory Categorial Grammar, Michael Albert Nix
Parsing An American Sign Language Corpus With Combinatory Categorial Grammar, Michael Albert Nix
Theses and Dissertations
Research into parsing sign language corpora is ongoing. Corpora for German Sign Language and Italian Sign Language have been parsed (Bungeroth et al., 2006; Mazzei, 2011, 2012, respectively). However, research into parsing a corpus of American Sign Language is non-existent. Examples of parsed ASL sentences in literature are typically isolated examples used to show a particular type of construction. Apparently no attempt has been made to parse an entire corpus of American Sign Language utterances. This thesis presents a method for constructing a grammar so that a parser implementing Combinatory Categorial Grammar can parse a corpus of American Sign Language. …
Black Asl (American Sign Language), Katrina Thulin
Black Asl (American Sign Language), Katrina Thulin
Sociology Student Work Collection
Presentation about Black ASL (American Sign Language) including it's origin, evolution, current study, and differences between mainstream ASL and Black ASL.
A Data-Driven Approach To The Semantics Of Iconicity In American Sign Language And English, Bill Thompson, Marcus Perlman, Gary Lupyan, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Karen Emmory
A Data-Driven Approach To The Semantics Of Iconicity In American Sign Language And English, Bill Thompson, Marcus Perlman, Gary Lupyan, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Karen Emmory
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research
A growing body of research shows that both signed and spoken languages display regular patterns of iconicity in their vocabularies. We compared iconicity in the lexicons of American Sign Language (ASL) and English by combining previously collected ratings of ASL signs (Caselli, Sevcikova Sehyr, Cohen-Goldberg, & Emmorey, 2017) and English words (Winter, Perlman, Perry, & Lupyan, 2017) with the use of data-driven semantic vectors derived from English. Our analyses show that models of spoken language lexical semantics drawn from large text corpora can be useful for predicting the iconicity of signs as well as words. Compared to English, ASL has …
The Perceived Mapping Between Form And Meaning In American Sign Language Depends On Linguistic Knowledge And Task: Evidence From Iconicity And Transparency Judgments, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Karen Emmorey
The Perceived Mapping Between Form And Meaning In American Sign Language Depends On Linguistic Knowledge And Task: Evidence From Iconicity And Transparency Judgments, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Karen Emmorey
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research
Iconicity is often defined as the resemblance between a form and a given meaning, while transparency is defined as the ability to infer a given meaning based on the form. This study examined the influence of knowledge of American Sign Language (ASL) on the perceived iconicity of signs and the relationship between iconicity, transparency (correctly guessed signs), ‘perceived transparency’ (transparency ratings of the guesses), and ‘semantic potential’ (the diversity (H index) of guesses). Experiment 1 compared iconicity ratings by deaf ASL signers and hearing non-signers for 991 signs from the ASL-LEX database. Signers and non-signers’ ratings were highly correlated; however, …
The Signing Brain: Its Function, Its Dysfunction, And Its Societal Role, Blaire Marie Pope
The Signing Brain: Its Function, Its Dysfunction, And Its Societal Role, Blaire Marie Pope
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This paper is an examination of the signing brain (that is, the internal neurological processes of individuals who use sign language as their main method of communication in their everyday lives) both before and after experiencing neurological trauma, presenting a synthesis of research from lesion studies as well as modern neuroimaging studies. It will be divided into three main sections, followed by a conclusion. The first of these sections will be an introduction to neurology in the most general sense; describing the salient aspects of the brain’s anatomy and pointing out where they relate to activities implicated in the use …
The Art Of Language: American Sign Language And Dance, Lily Adams
The Art Of Language: American Sign Language And Dance, Lily Adams
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
Dance and American Sign Language (ASL) are two separate entities which share a place in the world as communication through movement. For this project, I extended my knowledge and understanding of two disciplines, ASL and dance, through evidence-based research practices while integrating that research with my creative process and experience within a classroom-based setting. Through this framework of research, coursework, and experimentation, I drew relations between dance and ASL as communication. The results of my research are presented in this report as well as in a piece of choreography I created based on the integration of ASL with a choreographic …
The Impact Of Translation On Constructed Action And Constructed Dialogue In Asl Texts, Beth C. Gray
The Impact Of Translation On Constructed Action And Constructed Dialogue In Asl Texts, Beth C. Gray
Theses and Dissertations
Depiction, a phenomenon similar to iconicity, involves representing what something "looks like or is like" (Streeck 2008:289). Because depiction is used more heavily in sign languages than spoken languages (Dudis 2007), people interpreting or translating spoken/written texts into signed languages struggle to use depiction naturally (Thumann 2011). This thesis analyzes constructed action (CA) and constructed dialogue (CD), two types of depiction in which the signer's hands represent those of a discourse participant. Using Tannen (1989) & Metzger's (1995) framework of non-directly-quoted CACD and Quinto-Pozos & Mehta's (2010) degrees of CA, I examine differences between narratives originally composed in ASL and …
Discourse Features In An Asl Catholic Homily: Pausing, Listing, And Mouthing, Nancy Dekorte Sullivan
Discourse Features In An Asl Catholic Homily: Pausing, Listing, And Mouthing, Nancy Dekorte Sullivan
Master of Arts in Interpreting Studies and Communication Equity Thesis or Action Research Project
This paper describes an initial discourse analysis of a homily (sermon) given in American Sign Language (ASL) at a Catholic mass in the presence of a Deaf congregation. The data for the analysis was obtained using a digital video recording made as the homily was being presented. Using ELAN, a program developed for linguistic analysis, the homily was transcribed. Discourse features that make this homily coherent, interesting, and engaging were noted. While many features were observed, three were chosen for analysis: pausing, listing, and the prolific presence of mouthing English words throughout the ASL discourse. The structure of the Catholic …
Referring Forms And Cognitive Status In Non-Narrative American Sign Language Texts, Tamara Michelle Grosso
Referring Forms And Cognitive Status In Non-Narrative American Sign Language Texts, Tamara Michelle Grosso
Theses and Dissertations
In their work on referring expressions and cognition, Gundel et al. (1993) propose a model called the Givenness Hierarchy which suggests that there are basic referring expressions in languages which can signal the cognitive status of their referents. Supported by cross-linguistic research, the theory proposes six cognitive statuses which have forms associated with them such that if that form is used (successfully), the referent must have at least that status on the scale. In 2002, Swabey published a doctoral dissertation researching the Givenness Hierarchy for American Sign Language (ASL) in narrative texts. She compared the distribution of referring forms cross-linguistically …
Implicit Co-Activation Of American Sign Language In Deaf Readers: An Erp Study, Gabriela Meade, Katherine J. Midgley, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Phillipp J. Holcomb, Karen Emmorey
Implicit Co-Activation Of American Sign Language In Deaf Readers: An Erp Study, Gabriela Meade, Katherine J. Midgley, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Phillipp J. Holcomb, Karen Emmorey
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research
In an implicit phonological priming paradigm, deaf bimodal bilinguals made semantic relatedness decisions for pairs of English words. Half of the semantically unrelated pairs had phonologically related translations in American Sign Language (ASL). As in previous studies with unimodal bilinguals, targets in pairs with phonologically related translations elicited smaller negativities than targets in pairs with phonologically unrelated translations within the N400 window. This suggests that the same lexicosemantic mechanism underlies implicit co-activation of a non-target language, irrespective of language modality. In contrast to unimodal bilingual studies that find no behavioral effects, we observed phonological interference, indicating that bimodal bilinguals may …