Arts and Humanities Commons^™

In Defense Of Conciliar Christology, Jesse G. Alker

Liberty Theological Review

Pawl, Timothy. In Defense of Conciliar Christology: A Philosophical Essay (Oxford Studies In Analytic Theology). Oxford University Press. 2016. ISBN-13: 978-0198765929. 288 pages. $120.00.

Divine Attributes: Knowing The Covenantal God Of Scripture, Sherene Nicholas Khouri

Liberty Theological Review

John C. Peckham, Divine Attributes: Knowing the Covenantal God of Scripture, Baker Academic, 2021. ISBN 9781540961259. 336 pages. $29.99.

Peckham’s latest book, Divine Attributes: Knowing the Covenantal God of Scripture is a study in theology proper, which deals with God’s nature and attributes. Peckham clearly sets forth the main elements of the divine attributes by explaining God’s Aseity, immutability, qualified passibility, omnipresence, eternity, omniscience, foreknowledge, omnipotence, providence, faithfulness, and omnibenevolence. He also dedicates a chapter to the doctrine of the Trinity and ends the book with a quest for covenantal theism.

The Prophecy Of Prophecies: Correcting Harold Hoehner’S Interpretation Of Daniel’S 70 Weeks, Nathan Jarrett

Liberty Theological Review

Attacks against the Bible’s divine inspiration are rampant in today’s society. One of the most popular apologetic methods used to defend the doctrine of inspiration is messianic prophecy. Though many predictions fulfilled by Jesus Christ have been identified, no prediction found in the Old Testament is quite as precise or as controversial as the prophecy of Daniel’s 70 weeks. While various interpretations of Daniel 9:24-27 have been promoted, this article defends the interpretation popularized by Harold Hoehner as the most convincing. Though Hoehner may have provided the most accurate interpretation historically, the purpose of this article is to correct mistakes …

Jesus Christ Is Fully God, Not Just Fully Man, A. G. Erum

Liberty Theological Review

Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) is a big religious organization that began in the Philippines and is spreading across the globe. INC teaches that Jesus Christ, as the Son of God is a very special man only and not God. They claim this by using their interpretation of biblical passages, such as John 8:40, Luke 24:38-39, and 1 Timothy 2:5. Contrary to the Scriptures and Christian traditions, they believe that the only true God is God the Father, who is the only Creator of the universe. However, the Scriptures (especially the New Testament) and Christian traditions demonstrate that Jesus is God-Man. …

Nietzsche: Dionysian-Apollonian Lord Of The Dance, Michael S. Mendoza

Liberty Theological Review

Friedrich Nietzsche introduced his philological study of the Ancient Greek's Apollonian and Dionysian duality in his first book, The Birth of Tragedy: Out of the Spirit of Music, in 1872. His interpretation of the two Greek gods underpinned his philosophy of the will to power, the Übermensch, and eternal recurrence throughout his career.

I contend that Nietzsche's philosophy would have a modicum of merit as a metaphor for Greek culture and the German society in which he lived if his underlying assumption about atheism was correct. However, his explicit rejection of Christianity led to a fatal flaw in his …

Where Does Obedience To Government End? Understanding Romans 13:1–7, Carleton Hafer

Liberty Theological Review

Rom 13:1–7 is the primary passage in the Bible on governmental obedience, yet it is often interpreted out of context. The purpose of this article is not only to provide exegetical guidelines, but also practical application of the biblical mandates. The thesis of this article is that that when properly interpreted in its historical context that Rom 13:1–7 is not a strict prohibition against disobeying the government, but that when possible it is desirable to maintain good relations with governmental authorities. This analysis is especially relevant today when church leaders must consider whether or not to obey commands by the …

What Can Church History Tell Us About The Debate Between Just War Theory And Pacifism And What Does This Mean For The Church Today?, Michael Payne

Liberty Theological Review

This paper, in addressing Just War Theory and Pacifism, will argue that throughout church history there are faithful Christians that can be found on both sides of the debate. With that being said, each side has an obligation to uphold peace and justice. The Just War adherent has an obligation to seek peace, be selective in what is deemed “just war,” and be conscious of the dangers of supporting his nation’s priorities over the teachings of Christ. On the other side, in the case of a just war, the pacifist cannot use his pacifism as an excuse to sit out. …

Faith After The Fight: Overcoming Doubts And Trauma From Warfare, Donald Anthony Baker Iii

Liberty Theological Review

In the aftermath of intense kinetic battlefield engagements where friendly, civilian, and enemy casualties occur, Christian combat veterans express difficulty reconciling God’s omniscience, omnipresence, and benevolence with their traumatic experience. The result has been prolonged episodes of despondence with God that presents itself as an impediment to continued faith or worse, an outright rejection of His existence. Exposure to the horrors of armed conflict can have a profoundly detrimental effect on a service member’s faith, but a person can begin the process to heal the invisible wounds of spiritual trauma by not abandoning their faith in God but instead clinging …

Rabboni: Christ's Resurrection Through The Eyes Of Mary Magdalene, Thomas J. Gentry Ii

Liberty Theological Review

In John 20:1-18, Mary Magdalene (hereafter, Mary) holds a significant place in the resurrection narrative. She is the first to tell the disciples of the empty tomb (vv. 1-10), and she experiences a direct encounter with the resurrected Jesus (vv. 11-18). Given the significance of these events, the purpose of this essay is to explore John’s record of Mary’s report of the empty tomb and her dialogue with the risen Jesus. The discussion entails a brief overview of each encounter with special consideration for their apologetic significance. The relevance of Mary’s testimony in these matters is also considered from the …

A Kantian View Of Transgenderism, Michael S. Mendoza

Liberty Theological Review

• The recent popularity of sex reassignment surgery is logically untenable and immoral when understood in the light of Kantian philosophy. From a Kantian perspective of synthetic a priori judgments, I argue that a biological male cannot rationally claim to “feel like a woman inside.” As a male, any female is part of the noumenal world and cannot be known apart from perception. The statement “I feel like a woman inside” assumes all women feel the same on the inside. Kant’s explanation of the noumenal and phenomenal excludes the possibility of knowing that all women or men feel the same inside …

Sons Of Disobedience And Their Machines: How Sin And Anthropology Can Inform Evangelical Thought About Ai, Gregory S. Mckenzie

Liberty Theological Review

The purpose of this paper is to further discussion about artificial intelligence by examining AI from the perspective of the doctrine of sin. As such, philosophy of mind and theological anthropology, specifically, what it means to be human, the effects of sin, and the consequent social ramifications of AI drive the analysis of this paper. Accordingly, the conclusions of the analysis are that the depravity of fallen humanity is cause for concern in the very programming of AI and serves as a corrupted foundation for artificial machine cognition. Given the fallen nature of human thought, and therefore, fallen AI thought, …

From Modernity To Post-Modernity: The Apologetic Legacy Of Paul Tillich, Michael W. Cunningham

Liberty Theological Review

Paul Tillich, dubbed an “apostle to the intellectuals,” was one of the twentieth-century’s influential and infamous theologians. Tillich’s apologetic of doubt, method of correlation, and non-traditional lifestyle challenged the cultural and religious norms of his day. The study of Paul Tillich’s theology provides perspective on the origins of subjective apologetics and process theology. His focus on ontology made his works accessible and famous. It put the human at the center of the process as they reasoned up to God instead of accepting unquestioned authoritative doctrines. By embracing existential doubt, he connected to the masses by appealing to the “being” and …

How The Canaanite Conquest Is An Important Case Study In Understanding The Goodness Of God, Sarah D. Stewart

Liberty Theological Review

This paper attempts to provide a case study to respond to the problem of evil. The paper employs the example of the Canaanite conquest and argues that, contrary to popular attacks against the character of God, this event in scripture actually demonstrates His goodness. It is an example of a time when God delayed His response to the evil perpetrated by the Canaanites as well as His liberation of the Israelites from Egypt because doing so resulted in a greater moral good than would an earlier intervention. In so doing, it examines an issue frequently cited as problematic for Christians …

In The Wake Of Euthyphro's False Dilemma, Gregory S. Mckenzie

Liberty Theological Review

All moral apologists, at one time or another, engage with the Euthyphro dilemma and all theologians engage, at one point or another, the issue of continuity or discontinuity of the Mosaic Covenant and Torah in general. The general view among apologists is that correct theology can be determined by its logical consistency and explanatory power considering philosophical, existential, and scientific principles. This study examines how answering the Euthyphro dilemma as a false dilemma, which is a common position among apologists actually produces theological contradictions primarily in the realm of theology proper and specifically immutability, issues in hamartiology and an improper …

Divine Hiddenness And Middle Knowledge: A Molinist Answer To How An Anselmian God Can Coexist With Reasonable Nonbelief, Brian Gray Chilton

Liberty Theological Review

Within the spectrum of doubt, divine hiddenness becomes a problem regarding the love of God. Why would a loving God allow individuals whom he loves, if he loves everyone, to maintain ? According to philosopher John Schellenberg, the existence of rational nonbelief poses a problem for divine hiddenness which provides a reason to believe that God does not exist.

We argue that the problem of rational nonbelief does not pose a problem for divine hiddenness if one adopts the doctrine of middle knowledge, a belief first proposed by Spanish Jesuit Luis de Molina. We first offers a defense for the …

Ranking Objections To Christian Theism: A Survey Of Subjective Declarations And Their Correlations With Expert Opinions, Ronnie P. Campbell, Kelly Budd, Hope N. Lassiter, Hunter W. Brown, Madison S. Schmidt, Kristen G. Brown

Liberty Theological Review

There have been numerous books written on the top objections to Christianity—sometimes stated as “common,” “major,” “frequent,” “every day,” “cultural,” “tough,” “difficult” objections. However, there is a dearth of behavioral studies in the literature that show how and given population ranks objections to Christianity. As such, the apologist has had to rely on expert opinions from the books that have been authored. These expert opinions are based on familiarity with the literature in the field and contact with laity from university, church, and other speaking engagements. The purpose of this study is to document trends in how people report the …

Barriers To Belief: Why Do The Resistant Resist God?

Liberty Theological Review

Barriers to belief in God and Christianity in an increasingly antagonistic culture are considerable. Reasons for resisting belief were studied in an intellectually-driven population of educated atheists in Western culture (N = 50) through survey and interview analysis. This mixed-method research study evaluated a broad range of functional (socio-cultural, psycho-emotional, existential, experiential, moral, volitional) and substantive (intellectual and spiritual) variables influencing disbelief. Based upon extensive data collection, these findings advance the case for viewing obstacles to belief as diverse, interactive, and complex in nature. These barriers should not be easily reduced to broad brushed presumptions, but should be engaged thoughtfully, …

Documentary Review: Broken Trust- Ending Athlete Abuse, Caitlin Williams

Feminist Pedagogy

This media review summarizes and provides general implications about the documentary, Broken Trust: Ending Athlete Abuse, in the feminist classroom. This review uses film examples to argue for both the documentary's accomplishments and limitations As a film that features multiple stories from a variety of athletes and coaches in different sport fields, it is not only an alternative, visual learning tool for students, but also a potential vehicle to pursue justice and sexual abuse prevention aims.

Beck, Koa. White Feminism: From The Suffragettes To The Influencers And Who They Leave Behind, Taylor Humin

Feminist Pedagogy

No abstract provided.

A Reflection On The Scope Of Feminist Pedagogy In Indian Tertiary Education, Sreemoyee Sarkar, Anirban Debsarma

Feminist Pedagogy

The Indian National Education Policy seek to restructure and standardize the higher education institution (HEI) curriculum and look forward to a futuristic, meritocratic, equitable, and multidisciplinary pedagogy. Present work critically analyses the scope of Feminist Pedagogy in the Indian higher education scenario, in this regard. It would try to offer an active participatory teaching-learning strategy to dismantle the existing gender hierarchy and oppression in Indian HEIs.

The Tragedy Of Gregory And Sampson: Teaching Romeo And Juliet’S Opening Scene, Heather G.S. Johnson

Feminist Pedagogy

Romeo and Juliet is as much about hate as it is about love. The tragedy focuses on a kind of toxic masculinity that thrives on aggression and anger and that turns communities into battlefields, men into adversaries, and women into prizes or prey. This short critical commentary zooms in on the conversation between Gregory and Sampson at the beginning of Act I.

Building Dialogue In Feminist Classrooms: Building A Feminist Vocabulary, Sera Mathew, Barbara Barrow

Feminist Pedagogy

The authors of these two teaching activities share tools and strategies for supporting equitable dialogue for classrooms discussing feminist ideas. In Part One of this Original Teaching Activity, we described how feminist vocabulary lists helped our students begin class from a place of equity with a shared set of terms and concepts.

Remapping A Feminist Classroom: Talking Circles And The Space For Agency, Amy Dunham Strand Ph.D.

Feminist Pedagogy

No abstract provided.

Editors’ Introduction: Welcome To The Inaugural Issue Of Feminist Pedagogy, Emily Davis Ryalls, Rachel E. Silverman

Feminist Pedagogy

No abstract provided.

Masthead

New England Classical Journal

No abstract provided.

Blue Christmas, Kara Jasper

Student Work

"Our Savior dwelt among the broken, the directionless, and the melancholy."

Posting about Christmas hope from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation.

https://inallthings.org/blue-christmas/

‘Conserere Sapientiam’, To Engage In Wisdom: The Rhetoric Of Philosophical Debate And The Speech Of Caecilius In Minucius Felix’S Octavius, Evan Rw Dutmer

New England Classical Journal

Here I will elucidate both the rhetorical and philosophical significance of the introduction to Minucius Felix’s Octavius—in effect, to give voice to what Minucius Felix hoped to do in having Caecilius and Octavius conserere sapientiam (‘engage in wisdom’). I draw special attention to the introduction to the dialogue because (i) Minucius’ rhetorical care in establishing an appropriate otium (in other words, a locus amoenus) for his dialogue participants has been underappreciated (ii) because Caecilius’ arguments have, in general, been given short-shrift, and, (iii) because the view that the introductory parts should, instead, be read with suspicion has found a recent …

Localizing Early Epic Material In Pindar’S Sicilian Odes: Epichoric Concerns And Panhellenic Fame, Vasiliki Kousoulini

New England Classical Journal

Pindar’s Sicilian odes composed for Hieron and Chromius are embellished with various mythological narratives that are also encountered in early epic material. I suggest that Pindar not only localizes - to some extent - these originally Panhellenic mythological narratives in order to embed them in the foundation narratives that he constructs for the Sicilian victors but that the poet creates a complex interplay between epichoric and Panhellenic elements within the context of the Sicilian odes. In this way, Pindar creates for Hieron and his newly-founded city a mythical past and legitimizes his right to rule before the eyes of local …

Emily P. Austin, Grief And The Hero: The Futility Of Longing In The Iliad. Ann Arbor: University Of Michigan Press, 2021. Pp. 192. Cloth (Isbn 978-0-472-13232-4) $54.95., Tobias Myers

New England Classical Journal

No abstract provided.

Cynthia Jordan Bannon, A Casebook On Roman Water Law. Ann Arbor, Mi: University Of Michigan Press, 2020. Pp. 262. Paper (Isbn 978-0-472-03786-5) $34.95., David M. Ratzan

New England Classical Journal

No abstract provided.