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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Design For Behaviour Change: Taking The Long View Fast, Kristina Niedderer, Geke Ludden, Shital Desai, Sander Hermsen Jun 2022

Design For Behaviour Change: Taking The Long View Fast, Kristina Niedderer, Geke Ludden, Shital Desai, Sander Hermsen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Design for Behaviour Change Group was established in 2014 and seeks to promote knowledge, understanding and action in how to improve sustainable social and environmental change. It researches ways in which design can support ethical and responsible behaviour change to achieve these goals. The current strand for DRS2022 explores methods to address recent opportunities in the light of environmental and health challenges.

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Designing Dialogue: Human-Ai Collaboration In Design Processes, Peter Lloyd, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Euiyoung Kim, Jonathan Cagan, Maria Yang, Kosa Goucher-Lambert Jun 2022

Designing Dialogue: Human-Ai Collaboration In Design Processes, Peter Lloyd, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Euiyoung Kim, Jonathan Cagan, Maria Yang, Kosa Goucher-Lambert

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The chairs' introductory editorial for the theme track 'Designing Dialogue: Human-AI Collaboration in Design Processes'.

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Linking Human And Planetary Health, Emmanuel Tsekleves, Cláudia De Souza Libânio, Blaise Nguendo Yongsi, Leigh-Anne Hepburn, Spyros Bofylatos, Juan Giusepe Montalván Lume, Xanat Vargas Meza, Perline Hwee Ling Siek Jun 2022

Linking Human And Planetary Health, Emmanuel Tsekleves, Cláudia De Souza Libânio, Blaise Nguendo Yongsi, Leigh-Anne Hepburn, Spyros Bofylatos, Juan Giusepe Montalván Lume, Xanat Vargas Meza, Perline Hwee Ling Siek

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The chairs' introduction editorial for the Global Health SIG theme track, 'Linking human and planetary health'.

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Editorial: Drs2022 Labs, Juan Sádaba, Arlene Oak Jun 2022

Editorial: Drs2022 Labs, Juan Sádaba, Arlene Oak

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Bilbao Labs initiative emerged from the conference, aiming to address design challenges specific to Bilbao and the surrounding region. Four key challenges were identified: Urban Habitat, Digital Ecosystems, Cultural Heritage, and Creative Industries and Public Space. The Labs involved local and international research teams, fostering collaboration and continuous interaction before, during, and after the conference. Five international Lab proposals, along with local institutions, contributed to the success of the Bilbao-based DRS conference Labs, reflecting the growing importance of design research in addressing complex challenge.

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Method Of Mapping Interdisciplinary Research And Practice At The Intersection Of Biology And Design, Veronika Kapsali Jun 2022

Method Of Mapping Interdisciplinary Research And Practice At The Intersection Of Biology And Design, Veronika Kapsali

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Ubiquitous, multi-meaning terms used to describe new ideas, finding etc, presents a significant barrier for cross-disciplinary discourse especially between the arts and sciences. The research presented in this paper tackles the problem of terminological disharmony specifically within the process of contextualising creative design practice informed by biological science and/or its applications. The study is implemented in three stages; lexical semantic theories and methods are applied to corpus-based investigations to assess the scope of biologically informed disciplines (BID) terminology; results are analysed using statistical and qualitative methods and mapped against known academic domains; the resulting map is evaluated via the analysis …

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Cognitive Challenges In Complex System Design, Mark Andrew Jun 2022

Cognitive Challenges In Complex System Design, Mark Andrew

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design intentions guide design efforts but complex systems can lead to designers’ intentions being eclipsed. Artificial Intelligence systems are examples of complex sociotechnical systems that exercise self-learning, innovation and creativity that can exceed their designers’ imaginations. This paper’s proposition is that sociotechnical systems design offers scope for improved reliability and is built on three features of current design practice. First, design teams seek cooperative cognition to work together but joint understanding can be impoverished by inadequately understood outcome scenarios. Second, design team collaboration is bounded by innate psychological biases which can influence design decisions. Third, some views of risk in …

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Graphic Design And Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Challenges For Designers In The Search For Research Collaboration, Yaron Meron Jun 2022

Graphic Design And Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Challenges For Designers In The Search For Research Collaboration, Yaron Meron

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The introduction of electronic publishing, multimedia, the web and social media have influenced and presented challenges for graphic design. Now the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) features within graphic design software enables practitioners to automate many design processes. However, this threatens to deskill the profession and create a second tier of ‘non-professional’ designers, particularly within less creative work that emphasises fast turnover and functional artefact production. Research at the intersection of AI and graphic design has been led by computer scientists. This paper argues, from a designer’s perspective, that a paucity of scholarly engagement by graphic designers with their own …

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Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen Jun 2022

Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper adds to emerging research on the application of design-led approaches to public policy and services by public sector innovation labs. It presents key findings from the first in-depth case study on the New Zealand government Service Innovation Lab, which operated between 2017 and 2020 as part of broader public sector efforts for citizen-centric digital transformation. Based on a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and organizational documentation, it discusses how the challenges of applying the Lab’s design-led approach in this public sector context were navigated by professionals involved with the Lab over time. The findings reveal that to navigate …

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Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker Jun 2022

Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Via two design-based research experiments, this paper explores how we can design a tool to support designing for playful learning in teacher education. Several recent review studies show that integrating play qualities into a learning context is not always easy. We design a set of tarot cards with the aim of exploring actions in learning situations and play qualities for those specific actions. Our experiments show that using the tarot cards as a way for students and teachers to reflect and come up with further playful learning designs brings in a broader diversity of play qualities, especially qualities that are …

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Technologies And Collaborative Services Proximity In The Smart Cities: Distributed Ledger As A Push For New Relationships, Stefania Palmieri, Mario Bisson, Alessandro Ianniello, Riccardo Palomba, Luca Botta Jun 2022

Technologies And Collaborative Services Proximity In The Smart Cities: Distributed Ledger As A Push For New Relationships, Stefania Palmieri, Mario Bisson, Alessandro Ianniello, Riccardo Palomba, Luca Botta

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The expected demographic densification presents specific critical points where op-portunities for improving citizens' lives can be identified. For this reason, projects are underway to analyze and explore the dynamics of cities to adapt to new con-texts. Several European cities, including Milan, Paris, and Barcelona, are already implementing changes to encourage new types of neighborhood organizations which revolve around the concept of proximity, and primary services close to home. In this context, it seems fundamental to seek connectivity, encouraging new forms of relationships between citizens. The use of new digital tools, such as blockchain, favors new types of autonomous organizations that …

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Pushing Divergence And Promoting Convergence In A Speculative Design Process: Considerations On The Role Of Ai As A Co-Creation Partner, Luca Simeone, Riccardo Mantelli, Alfredo Adamo Jun 2022

Pushing Divergence And Promoting Convergence In A Speculative Design Process: Considerations On The Role Of Ai As A Co-Creation Partner, Luca Simeone, Riccardo Mantelli, Alfredo Adamo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Within design research, several studies have looked at Artificial Intelligence as a tool to help ideation processes. However, the potential of using Artificial Intelligence to support a specific characteristic of the design process, namely the interplay between divergent and convergent thinking, remains underexplored. Aiming to address this gap, this paper examines how 136 students interacted with Artificial Intelligence on the occasion of two courses run by the authors in a prominent European design school.

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Service Design Tool: How To Use The Errc Decision Model For Service Designer To Prioritize Touchpoints, Chun-An Chang, Chun-Juei Chou Jun 2022

Service Design Tool: How To Use The Errc Decision Model For Service Designer To Prioritize Touchpoints, Chun-An Chang, Chun-Juei Chou

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research aims to remedy lack of design principle at touchpoints of customer journey. ERRC decision model was developed to support designer in strategic evaluating and taking design action in response to customer feedback at different touchpoints. The model was constructed using customer feedback on experience and four actions framework of Blue Ocean Theory. Designer can use customer experience data to evaluate touchpoints along customer journey and, based on model’s distribution result, link service delivery level to competitor and redesign to eliminate, reduce, raise or create individual touchpoint.

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Beyond Progress: Exploring Alternative Trajectories For Design Museums, Anja Neidhardt, Heather Wiltse, Anna Croon Jun 2022

Beyond Progress: Exploring Alternative Trajectories For Design Museums, Anja Neidhardt, Heather Wiltse, Anna Croon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

How can design museums be disentangled from systems like patriarchy, so that they become able to support change towards more justice? To explore this question, we use our standpoint as design researchers in combination with a feminist perspective. Historically, most design museums supported a path of progress which supposedly leads straight from the past into the future. Even though today attempts to change design museums can be observed, criteria for good design and methods for collecting and exhibiting mainly stay unchanged. However, when questioning them, it becomes clear that they were shaped by a white, male, imperialist perspective. Through shifting …

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Workgroup Curriculum: Design Students & Teachers Co-Designing New Ways Of Learning, Michael Hohl, Brigitte Hartwig, Uwe Gellert, Klaus Pollmeier, Vanessa Enigk, Tom Gernegross, Lena Kozig Jun 2022

Workgroup Curriculum: Design Students & Teachers Co-Designing New Ways Of Learning, Michael Hohl, Brigitte Hartwig, Uwe Gellert, Klaus Pollmeier, Vanessa Enigk, Tom Gernegross, Lena Kozig

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper we present our ‘workgroup curriculum’, in which a group of dedicated teachers and students work together to devise better ways of learning and teaching to design. Formed in 2018 at Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, we work, in voluntary weekly meetings, on developing a more learner centered curriculum and overall learning experience. Our weekly workshops follow a structured approach, crucial however, is that all members encounter one another on an eye level. Roles, such as facilitating, writing minutes, timekeeping, off-topic, are rotated fairly among all participants. Since then the workgroup has resolved small curricular dilemmas while also …

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Repair As A Social Design Practice: Three Case Studies In Vulnerable Households In Chile, Pedro Alvarez Caselli, Antonio Batlle Lathrop Jun 2022

Repair As A Social Design Practice: Three Case Studies In Vulnerable Households In Chile, Pedro Alvarez Caselli, Antonio Batlle Lathrop

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The work presented herein addresses the socio-material implications and spontaneous design actions that emerge from the home repair practices of household objects in low-income areas. Through qualitative research and contextual inquiry from the investigation of their praxis (Cross, 2007), we reassess the principles of planned obsolescence associated with product design and throw-away culture. Within the framework of matters of care of non-human devices that are part of a social assembly, a theoretical discussion develops around certain actions; in particular, repairing everyday household objects, as design solutions. The exploratory methodology of this project is based on literature review and on-site case …

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Data-Painting: Expressive Free-Form Visualisation, Miriam Sturdee, Soren Knudsen, Sheelagh Carpendale Jun 2022

Data-Painting: Expressive Free-Form Visualisation, Miriam Sturdee, Soren Knudsen, Sheelagh Carpendale

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Data visualization can be powerful in enabling us to make sense of complex data. Expressive data representation – where individuals have control over the nature of the output – is hard to incorporate into existing frameworks and techniques for visualization. The power of informal, rough, expressive sketches in working out ideas is well documented. This points to an opportunity to better understand how expressivity can exist in data visualization creation. We explore the expressive potential of Data Painting through a study aimed at improving our understanding of what people need and make use of in creating novel examples of data …

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Towards A Quieter Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Current Approaches And Design Opportunities, Simone Spagnol, Núria Viñas Vila, Almila Akdag Salah, Tom Goos, Irwin Reiss, Elif Özcan Jun 2022

Towards A Quieter Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Current Approaches And Design Opportunities, Simone Spagnol, Núria Viñas Vila, Almila Akdag Salah, Tom Goos, Irwin Reiss, Elif Özcan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Recent studies show that the well-being of patients and the performance of healthcare professionals in modern neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are severely affected by the amount of auditory alarms and sound nuisance. This paper presents a semi-systematic review on the topic of environmental sound in the NICU, where current themes, insights, and limitations are highlighted. Furthermore, it outlines the results of an observation of the NICU environment and an interview with nurses at Erasmus Medical Center, in order to understand the users, their context, and the technology that can enable design interventions. The insights gathered from the literature and …

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The Politics Of Metadesign, Christian Nold Jun 2022

The Politics Of Metadesign, Christian Nold

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This is a conceptual paper that explores the notion of metadesign which is premised on redesigning design itself. It interrogates the claim that metadesign is ‘open’, ‘fluid’ and ‘democratising’ by analysing its literature and practices. The paper makes two arguments. First, that metadesign is a theoretical power grab that prioritises language at the expense of material design which separates it from other design approaches. Second, that metadesign currently does not offer conceptual tools for observing and analysing the politics of real-world metadesign. If metadesign wants to be a democratising force, then it needs to question its legacy of transcendent language …

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Living With Living Artefacts: Six Concepts For Designing User Acceptance Of Living Artefacts, Simone Van Den Broek, Alwin De Rooij, Michel Van Dartel Jun 2022

Living With Living Artefacts: Six Concepts For Designing User Acceptance Of Living Artefacts, Simone Van Den Broek, Alwin De Rooij, Michel Van Dartel

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Bio-designers are exploring how living organisms can become vital aspects of the design and use of an artefact. These new living artefacts have qualities, needs, design opportunities and relationships with the user that differ from nonliving artefacts. To design for user acceptance of living artefacts into daily life, designers must develop an understanding for why a user wishes to live with living artefacts. This starts with an understanding of why humans have been living with other living beings throughout history. These reasons have been examined through a semi-systematic review of literature across diverse research fields. Qualitative thematic analysis suggests that …

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Dynamic Learning: A Learner-Centered Paradigm In Art And Design, Delane Ingalls Vanada, Delane Ingalls Vanada Jun 2022

Dynamic Learning: A Learner-Centered Paradigm In Art And Design, Delane Ingalls Vanada, Delane Ingalls Vanada

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is a critical need for training students to think critically, creatively, and practi-cally. Traditional art and design education classrooms, more focused on end prod-ucts, do not foster students’ abilities for inquiry and connection making and are miss-ing opportunities to develop the capacities of tomorrow’s change makers and prob-lem solvers. From a systems-thinking approach, this article discusses the importance of teacher pedagogy and process skills as important underlying drivers in developing’ learning power. Fostering students’ integrated, self-directed, and dynamic learning requires a more learner-centered paradigm. It reports on a mixed model research study conducted in middle school art and design …

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Towards A Framework For Designing Technology With Country: A Perspective From Australia, Siena White, Luke Hespanhol Jun 2022

Towards A Framework For Designing Technology With Country: A Perspective From Australia, Siena White, Luke Hespanhol

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Lifestyles, principles and methods adopted by First Nations peoples have attracted increased interest from non-Indigenous researchers and professionals. Following greater awareness about the destructive effects of colonization on sustainable pre-colonial ways of living that thrived for millennia, a growing movement towards understanding of Indigenous ways of relating to Country has led to questions about culturally and environmentally appropriate approaches to design digital systems, technologies, services, and products. In this paper, we investigate recently emerging frameworks for design with Country identified from the literature, compiling a list of 40 precepts and 15 principles to inform our interaction design process. Furthermore, we …

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Illuminating Themes And Narratives In Studio Through Expert Elicitation And Collaborative Autoethnography, Lorraine Marshalsey, Nicole Lotz Jun 2022

Illuminating Themes And Narratives In Studio Through Expert Elicitation And Collaborative Autoethnography, Lorraine Marshalsey, Nicole Lotz

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The studio remains central to design education as a shared place, practice and even concept. And yet studio persists as an ill-defined entity: a complex puzzle composed of thousands of diverse jigsaw parts constructed by teachers and students, with no definitive list of parts. Given this background, it was opportune to review the landscape of studio, both in terms of research and practice. In 2020, this study brought together an invited collective of design educators from the USA, Australia, UK, Sweden, Spain, Iran, and Germany, experienced in the research and operation of design studios in education to explore these issues. …

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Fostering Resilience: The Potential Of Design To Support Strategic Agility, Olivia Harre, Luca Simeone, Cathrine Seidelin Jun 2022

Fostering Resilience: The Potential Of Design To Support Strategic Agility, Olivia Harre, Luca Simeone, Cathrine Seidelin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

‘Strategic agility’– i.e., how organizations can strategically plan and cope with uncertainty through a continuous tuning, monitoring, and re-balancing of their operations – has been characterized as a critical component to foster organizational resilience. This paper aims at investigating whether and how design can support organizations to acquire greater strategic agility. Our analysis is grounded in a case of a globally operating software company that has recently established a design team and introduced design methods in its development processes. The paper shows how design favoured processes that are generally linked to strategic agility (distancing, anticipating, reframing, experimenting, decoupling, and dialoguing). …

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An Analysis Of Design Maturity Models Used In Design Organizations, Nandhini Giri, Erik Stolterman Jun 2022

An Analysis Of Design Maturity Models Used In Design Organizations, Nandhini Giri, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Maturity models are structures that help assess key performance metrics and provide guidelines for assessment and growth in various areas of an organization. In this paper we review some of the significant design maturity frameworks that are used by practitioners in design organizations. The field of design is ramifying with emerging forms of design practice and requires a need to study maturity models from the perspective of practitioners in design organizations. The pandemic has disrupted normal organizational operations forcing practitioners to discuss the need for maturity models in workplaces that follow the new normal. This necessitates a review of significant …

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Service Design For Experience In Forest Therapy: A Case Study In Xitou Nature Education Area, Ti-Yu Su, Hsien-Hui Tang, Shu-Yi Chen Jun 2022

Service Design For Experience In Forest Therapy: A Case Study In Xitou Nature Education Area, Ti-Yu Su, Hsien-Hui Tang, Shu-Yi Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Forest therapy is a way of connecting with nature to promote physical and mental health. With 60% of its land covered in forest, Taiwan is an ideal prospect for such a program. However, most forest therapy services are ill-developed and unsustainable in Taiwan. To address this issue, we first conducted semi-structured interviews of administrators and customers in Xitou Nature Education Area, a forest area with great potential for forest therapy in Taiwan, to explore the context and existing problems. Second, we applied service design to produce a revamped forest therapy program that involved the integration of co-creation workshop and service …

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Australian Architectural Education In The Pluriverse, Daniel Huppatz, Kirsten Day Jun 2022

Australian Architectural Education In The Pluriverse, Daniel Huppatz, Kirsten Day

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Among the design disciplines, architectural education in Australia has a unique con-straint: accreditation. On the one hand, competency requirements by accrediting bod-ies potentially limit an educator’s autonomy and curriculum development. On the oth-er, competencies define and regulate a profession by ensuring standard knowledge and skills. In this paper, we analyse the pedagogical and professional impacts of the 2021 “National Standard of Competencies” for Australian architects, particularly the inclusion of Indigenous Knowledge for the first time. Together with the recent Indige-nous Design Charter – Communication Design, these competencies signal a shift in Australian architectural and design education that suggests a vision …

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Ontogenesis As A Model For Design Processes, Otto Paans Jun 2022

Ontogenesis As A Model For Design Processes, Otto Paans

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The technical rationality (TR) and reflective practice (RP) paradigms have heavily influenced thinking about design and design cognition in the 20th century. This paper concisely highlights some of the features and limitations of these paradigms. In particular, it develops the suggestion that we require a new “root metaphor” or leading set of concepts to develop our thinking about designing beyond the work of Donald Schön. Building on this assumption, this paper examines some useful aspects of selected concepts developed by Gilbert Simondon, in particular the notion of ontogenesis. Furthermore, it is argued that Simondon’s thought helps us to connect epistemology …

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Designing For Dementia: An Analysis Of Design Principles, Rik Wesselink, Geke Ludden, Marike Hettinga, Berry Eggen Jun 2022

Designing For Dementia: An Analysis Of Design Principles, Rik Wesselink, Geke Ludden, Marike Hettinga, Berry Eggen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing for people with dementia requires a tailored approach that addresses the specific complexities related to dementia. Design principles can provide guidance for designing in this complex context. Work in this field discusses recommendations, guidelines, or principles to design for dementia. However, this information is scattered and a clear overview of design principles, that designers can apply, is missing. In this paper we propose a set of design principles that is grounded in existing literature on designing for people with dementia. We first explore and analyse design recommendations that are described in related work. Next, we merge them into 10 …

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Learning From Creative Biology: Promoting Transdisciplinarity Through Vocabularies Of Practice, Larissa Pschetz, Carolina Ramirez-Figueroa, Joe Revans Jun 2022

Learning From Creative Biology: Promoting Transdisciplinarity Through Vocabularies Of Practice, Larissa Pschetz, Carolina Ramirez-Figueroa, Joe Revans

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Transdisciplinary ways of collaborating are considered essential to support new approaches to tackling societal and environmental “wicked” problems. But how can collaborations take place in ways that reach this envisioned state? In this work, we look for cues of transdisciplinarity in the experience of those with a successful track record of working across disciplines. We interviewed 38 practitioners and researchers working in “creative biology”, an umbrella term that we use to address work that incorporates biology-related methods and research outside purely scientific realms. The interviews provide insights into how language can be used to support strategic shifts of positionality and …

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Locked Down With Abusers: Designing For The Dignity And Autonomy Of Domestic Violence Survivors During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Miso Kim, Dan Jackson, Jules Sievert, Morgan Wilson Jun 2022

Locked Down With Abusers: Designing For The Dignity And Autonomy Of Domestic Violence Survivors During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Miso Kim, Dan Jackson, Jules Sievert, Morgan Wilson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The COVID-19 pandemic and national quarantine requirements exacerbated domestic violence, as survivors had to stay at home with their abusers with limited access to communication channels or resources for help. In this project, a team of lawyers, designers, and technologists collaborated to assist a domestic violence clinic at a law school to design services to help student attorneys and advocates to better connect with domestic violence survivors who sought legal help during the pandemic. The aim of this service was to support the domestic violence survivors with remote assistance, such as remote intake, a safe means of collecting information, and …

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