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Florida Historical Quarterly

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Mythic Landscapes Of The Boom And Bust Weedon Island, Florida, Sheila K. Stewart Apr 2022

Mythic Landscapes Of The Boom And Bust Weedon Island, Florida, Sheila K. Stewart

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Weedon Island Preserve is a 3,164-acre nature park situated on the shores of Old Tampa Bay in northeast St. Petersburg.1 A mosaic of mangrove forest, tidal marshes, pine flatwoods, and remnants of hammocks, the preserve also encompasses a famous prehistoric archaeological site, which was excavated by the Smithsonian Institution in the 1920s and has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1972. Of national, state, and regional significance, Weedon Island's wild landscape carries a strong sense of place for the citizens of Pinellas County and in the last thirty years has captured community support for the …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 84, Number 3. Includes the Table of Contents


Hidden In Plain View: Eugene Poulnot And The History Of Southern Radicalism, Elna C. Green Apr 2022

Hidden In Plain View: Eugene Poulnot And The History Of Southern Radicalism, Elna C. Green

Florida Historical Quarterly

"Outside agitator" is an epithet frequently hurled by southern white conservatives at those with opposing political positions. Claiming that they cannot fathom how any "true" southerner could reject regional orthodoxies, white conservatives conclude that such a person must be from somewhere else. Beginning in the antebellum era, southern conservative partisans have attempted to tarnish their political opponents with the stigma of being "an outside agitator." In an assertion of a southern ideological monolith, conservative whites have used the label against abolitionists, feminists, civil rights activists, labor organizers, and radicals of varying hues. Indeed, in the collective mind of the white …


History News, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Editor's Note; Call for Papers


Florida History Directory, The 2005 Blue Book, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Florida History Directory, The 2005 Blue Book, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The organizations that promote the study of Florida history are as diverse as the geographical regions of our state. The 2005 Blue Book, a directory of Florida's historical societies draws from numerous sources. Florida's sixty-six counties were used to arrange the list. Sources included local chamber of commerce websites and Internet yellow pages. Numerous online lists and links produced by historical groups around Florida contributed to the effort.


Review Essay: Clever Men And Cool Brains: Rethinking The Mind Of The Old South, John Mayfield Apr 2022

Review Essay: Clever Men And Cool Brains: Rethinking The Mind Of The Old South, John Mayfield

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Southerner," wrote Frederick Law Olmsted in 1854, "is greatly wanting in hospitality of mind, closing his doors to all opinions and schemes to which he has been bred a stranger, with a contempt and bigotry which sometimes seems incompatible with his character as a gentleman. He has a large but unexpansive mind." Harsh words, but they stuck. For decades after the Civil War, Northern observers such as Henry Adams and Southern grouches such as Wilbur J. Cash echoed Olmsted to one degree or another. Southerners had 'temperament," not "mind," the argument went, and if they thought at all it …


Britain's 1814 Occupation Of Pensecola And America's Response: An Episode Of The War Of 1812 In The Southeastern Borderlands, Nathaniel Millett Apr 2022

Britain's 1814 Occupation Of Pensecola And America's Response: An Episode Of The War Of 1812 In The Southeastern Borderlands, Nathaniel Millett

Florida Historical Quarterly

With the appointment of Alexander Cochrane to Commander of the North American Squadron in the summer of 1814, Britain began to formalize a strategy that called for a systematic series of campaigns against the Chesapeake, New England, South Carolina, Georgia, and New Orleans with the ultimate aim of bringing the United States to its knees while protecting Canada. The bulk of the attack on New Orleans was to be carried out in a straight-forward assault by the Royal Navy, but forces were to come from a number of directions. In the build-up to the attack, it was envisioned that some …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Oatis, A Colonial Complex: South Carolina's Frontier in the Era of the Yamusee War, 1680-1730, by Timothy P. Grady; Sweet, Negotiating for Georgia: British-Creek Relations in the Trustee Era, 1733-1752, by Dan Murphee; Hawkins, Jose de Bustamante and Central American Independence: Colonial Administration in an Age of Imperial Crisis, by Dennis Halpin; Wells, Origins of the Southern Middle Class, 1800-1861, by Anthony Carey; McDonough, Nashville: The Western Confederacy's Final Gamble, by Kevin N. Levin; Revels, Grander in Her Daughters: Florida's Women During the Civil War; Weatherford, Real Women of Tampa and Hillborough County From Prehistory to the Millennium, by Robert …


Wrongful Defeat: The 1934 Florida Senatorial Democratic Primary Between Claude Pepper And Park Trammell, John M. Brackett Apr 2022

Wrongful Defeat: The 1934 Florida Senatorial Democratic Primary Between Claude Pepper And Park Trammell, John M. Brackett

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1934, the state of Florida faced a midterm election in which one of its two U.S. senators came up for reelection. The campaign began with five candidates, but Claude Pepper and incumbent Park Trammell stood out as the most viable contenders to win the Democratic nomination. As in other southern states, the Democratic Party dominated Florida's elections, and the winner of the party primary won the office. As the campaign between Pepper and Trammell progressed, it became a bitter fight marred by widespread smear tactics. When neither candidate won a majority in the June 5 primary, Pepper and Trammell …


A New Deal For Welfare: Governor Fred Cone And The Florida State Welfare Board, David Nelson Apr 2022

A New Deal For Welfare: Governor Fred Cone And The Florida State Welfare Board, David Nelson

Florida Historical Quarterly

In May 1937, Florida suffered from the crippling effects of the Great Depression. The governor's oflice received letters daily from out-of-work laborers, single mothers, starving children, and elderly dependants pleading for assistance and state action. Yet, Florida's government rested upon a shallow tax base making the state's ten-year old welfare system almost entirely dependent upon federal aid. Only two years earlier, the federal government had demanded that the state re-vamp its State Board of Public Welfare, requiring an increased state financial commitment, stiffer welfare laws, and higher qualifications for welfare employees before millions of federal dollars would pour into the …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 84, Number 2. Includes the Table of Contents


History News, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

In Memoriam; Farewell; Introduction; Call for Contributors; Erratum


Commentaries, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Commentaries, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Commentaries by Jack E. Davis, with Thomas Castillo, Jay Clune, James M. Denham, Russell D. James, Alex Lichtenstein, Dave Nelson, Joshua Parker, and Lee L. Willis III


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Piker, Okfuskee: A Creek Town in Colonial America, by Michael D. Green; Hahn, The Invention of the Creek Nation, 1670-1763, by James Taylor Carson; Morris, Florida's Lost Tribes, by Francis X. Luca; Armitage and Braddick, eds., The British Atlantic World, 1500-1800, by Jonathan Eacott; Hyde, ed., A Fierce and Fractious Frontier: The Curious Development of Louisiana's Florida Parishes, 1699-2000, by Timothy R. Buckner; Meltzer, Hunted Like a Wolf: The Story of the Seminole War, by Samuel Watson; Billingsley, Communities of Kinship: Antebellum Families and the Settlement of the Cotton Frontier, by Daniel Kilbride; Pace, Halls of Honor: College Men in …


The Sporting Set Winters In Florida: Fertile Ground For The Leisure Revolution, 1870-1930, Larry R. Youngs Apr 2022

The Sporting Set Winters In Florida: Fertile Ground For The Leisure Revolution, 1870-1930, Larry R. Youngs

Florida Historical Quarterly

Maurice Fatio made his first visit to Palm Beach, Florida, at the height of the social season in February 1923. The young Swiss architect planned on trolling for business among the resort's elite guests, hoping to supplement his New York City firm's clientele. The pace and nature of the Palm Beach scene, however, caught him by surprise. In a letter to his parents written on the fourth day of his visit, he exclaimed, "I have never led a more intense life." Describing a typical day, he explained that "one gets up at 10 o'clock to play tennis; at noon one …


Coming North To The South: Migration, Labor And City-Building In Twentieth-Century Miami, Melanie Shell-Weiss Apr 2022

Coming North To The South: Migration, Labor And City-Building In Twentieth-Century Miami, Melanie Shell-Weiss

Florida Historical Quarterly

Over the past decade, scholars have worked to develop a rich array of transnational and global theories to better explain the cultural, social, and demographic processes that take place within nations, and which transcend them. As Shelley Fisher Fishkin reminded us in her presidential address to the annual meeting of the American Studies Association last year, "As the transnational becomes more central . . . we are likely to focus not only on the proverbial immigrant who leaves somewhere called 'home' to make a new home in the United States, but also on the endless process of comings and goings …


Taking The State Out: Seminoles And Creeks In Late Eighteenth-Century Florida, Andrew K. Frank Apr 2022

Taking The State Out: Seminoles And Creeks In Late Eighteenth-Century Florida, Andrew K. Frank

Florida Historical Quarterly

Between 1750 and 1810, the Muskogee Indians held the upper hand in intercolonial affairs and made Florida "Indian country." More than two centuries after Spain had claimed the region as part of its dominion and sent soldiers and missionaries to subdue its inhabitants, the Muskogee Indians enjoyed a sustained period of autonomy that was at odds with the experiences of Indians elsewhere in the Spanish and British empires.' Neither conquered nor subdued, Muskogee Indians still controlled Florida. Technically surrounded by European and later American powers, these Creek and Seminole Indians lived in semi-autonomous villages that routinely disregarded the interests of …


The St. Augustine Hurricane Of 1811: Disaster And The Question Of Political Unrest On The Florida Frontier, Sherry Johnson Apr 2022

The St. Augustine Hurricane Of 1811: Disaster And The Question Of Political Unrest On The Florida Frontier, Sherry Johnson

Florida Historical Quarterly

"On the 5th of October a violent hurricane hit this city, It caused terrible damage to the houses in town....The destruction is so great that these poor people are entirely ruined."1 So wrote Spanish East Florida's interim governor Juan Jose de Estrada on December 5, 1811. The hurricane could not have occurred at a more inopportune time. During the previous three years, Spain had suffered an unprecedented series of catastrophes. In 1808, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded the country, usurped the monarchy, and placed his brother Josef on the throne, thus creating a crisis of legitimacy throughout the Spanish empire. Political confusion …


The Epic Of Greater Florida: Florida's Global Past, Robert Cassanello Apr 2022

The Epic Of Greater Florida: Florida's Global Past, Robert Cassanello

Florida Historical Quarterly

At the 1932 American Historical Association meeting in Toronto, Canada, Herbert E. Bolton gave a prophetic yet largely ignored address titled, "The Epic of Greater America." In his speech, the AHA president pondered why there was no major American history publication that placed the United States' past within the context of the Western Hemisphere. Bolton emphasized his point by exploiting the Eurocentric focus of the profession at the time, noting that "European history cannot be learned from books dealing alone with England, or France, or Germany, or Italy, or Russia." He went on to say that historians should not confine …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 84, Number 1. Includes the Table of Contents


Index, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Index, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Index to Volume 83


History News, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Websites; Honors and Awards; Editor's Notes


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Power, Early Art of the Southeastern Indians: Feathered Serpents and Winged Beings, by Christina Snyder; Burnard, Mastery, Tyranny, and Desire: Thomas Thistlewood and His Slaves in the Anglo-Jamaican World, by Colleen A. Vasconcello; Missall and Missall, The Seminole Wars: America's Longest Indian Conflict, by Samuel Watson; Dubois, Avengers of the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution, by John K. Thornton; Stockel, On the Bloody Road to Jesus: Christianity and the Chiricahua Apaches, by Rodney R. Alvarez; Lakwete, Inventing the Cotton Gin: Machine and Myth in Antebellum America, by Patrick W. O'Neil; Nelson, Reign of Iron: Story of the …


Historic Notes And Documents: Harriet Ward Foote Hawley: Civil War Journalist, Sarah Whitmer Foster Apr 2022

Historic Notes And Documents: Harriet Ward Foote Hawley: Civil War Journalist, Sarah Whitmer Foster

Florida Historical Quarterly

Between January 2, 1863, and February 7, 1864, Harriet Ward Foote Hawley wrote seven newspaper articles about her experiences in the South during the Civil War-four of which were written in Florida. For a woman to have done this in the period was extraordinary. While many women recorded their experiences during the Civil War, very few did so for newspapers. Historian James M. Perry described the era's press corps as a group of "fascinating men." Such a statement is not completely accurate, however. Historian J. Cutler Andrews identified a few women who covered the conflict. Among over three hundred Yankees, …


The Florida Room: Religion & Romance: A Florida Memoir, Ron Mcfarland Apr 2022

The Florida Room: Religion & Romance: A Florida Memoir, Ron Mcfarland

Florida Historical Quarterly

When I was thirteen years old my parents suddenly became Methodists. All of my life we had been God-fearing Presbyterians, and my father sang in the choir and my mother taught Sunday School. I went to vacation Bible school at the First Presbyterian Church in Rockledge, Florida, and my first girlfriend, Sherry, she of the blue-green eyes and honey-blonde hair, was a Presbyterian. Before that, when we moved to Winter Park in 1950, we attended Park Lake Presbyterian, and before that, in Barnesville, Ohio, we worshipped at the massive reddish-sandstone block First Presbyterian Church where I was baptized. Or was …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 83, Number 4. Includes the Table of Contents


Hurricanes And The Shaping Of Circum-Caribbean Societies, Stuart B. Schwartz Apr 2022

Hurricanes And The Shaping Of Circum-Caribbean Societies, Stuart B. Schwartz

Florida Historical Quarterly

Every Puerto Rican knows this plena and can sing its chorus, and on that island where, from July to October, everyone frequently checks the weather reports and looks to the sky, the song seems to describe a generic situation, a way of life, and a common reality. Few people today remember that the song was originally composed to commemorate a particular storm-the great hurricane of San Felipe that diagonally traversed Puerto Rico on September 13, 1928. Hurricanes are no novelty to the islanders, but the fury of that one was memorable. No one who lived through it forgot it. Don …


"A Veritable Refuge For Practicing Homosexuals": The Johns Committee And The University Of South Florida, Dan Bertwell Apr 2022

"A Veritable Refuge For Practicing Homosexuals": The Johns Committee And The University Of South Florida, Dan Bertwell

Florida Historical Quarterly

On April 24, 1963, University of South Florida president John Allen stood before the State Legislature determined to defend his school from the Johns Committee. The previous week, Mark Hawes, an attorney for the committee, had made disparaging comments toward USF. In his rebuttal, Allen described Hawes's statement as "a skillful blend of truths, half-truths, and omissions." In a written transcript of Allen's words, sandwiched between two pages defending the school from charges of being "soft" on Communism and two pages refuting the assertion that USF's faculty was "anti-religious," are three paragraphs describing "the area of homosexual behavior" and related …


History News, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

In Memoriam; Conferences; Websites


Voice Of The Exploited Majority: Claude Kirk And The 1970 Manatee County Forced Busing Incident, Benjamin Houston Apr 2022

Voice Of The Exploited Majority: Claude Kirk And The 1970 Manatee County Forced Busing Incident, Benjamin Houston

Florida Historical Quarterly

At 7:35 a.m. on Monday, April 6, 1970, Governor Claude R. Kirk Jr. strode into an unfamiliar office in Bradenton, a small Gulf Coast town sandwiched between St. Petersburg and Sarasota. The new quarters belonged to the Manatee County superintendent of schools, and the previous occupant, fired by Kirk, was now replaced by the governor himself. Kirk's self-promotion was prompted by Manatee's capitulation to a federal court order mandating immediate busing of schoolchildren with only nine weeks remaining in the academic term. Yet, the governor's conduct also marked a new level of commitment for a county associated since 1954 with …