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Panic, Erratic Behavior, And The Psychological Impact Of The Battle Of The Little Bighorn On The Soldiers, Including The Swiss Troopers, Albert Winkler Dr.

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Twelve men born in Switzerland were in the Seventh Cavalry at the time of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Of these, five were on detached service at that time and did not participate in the campaign and battle. The other seven participated in the encounter. Also , many other men in the Seventh Cavalry at that time had at least some Swiss ancestry, and all of them like ly suffered from the psychological effects of the battle as did numerous other participants.

Captain Medorem Crawford’S 1862 Military Escort Emigration Report, Kenneth L. Alford Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

An 1862 report of Capt. Medorem Crawford, U.S. Army, Assistant Quartermaster. An account of a military-accompanied emigrant road expedition from Omaha, Nebraska Territory to Portland, Oregon. Includes insights into Civil War conditions on the Overland Trail.

A Slowly Starving Race: Land And The Language Of Hunger In Zitkala-Ša’S "Blue-Star Woman", Adam R, Brantley

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

This paper proposes that the motif of starvation in Zitkala-Ša’s 1921 short story, “The Widespread Enigma Concerning Blue-Star Woman,” is in fact a metaphor for the dispossession of Native American lands and its disastrous effects on Native American livelihood and culture. Though much scholarship has been done on sentimental rhetoric in Zitkala-Ša’s fiction, critics have not yet explored its connection to this the most immediate Zitkala-Ša’s concerns. This essay first unpacks letters from Zitkala-Ša’s personal archives to demonstrate her individual interest in dispossession, and then examines “Blue-Star Woman’s” ever-present language of hunger through this lens of land loss. In doing …

The Digital Archive Of John Wompas, Jenny Hale Pulsipher

ScholarsArchive Data

Data Description: The Digital Archive of John Wompas, by Jenny Hale Pulsipher

In the course of writing my book on John Wompas, Swindler Sachem: The American Indian Who Sold His Birthright, Dropped out of Harvard, and Conned the King of England (Yale University Press, 2018), I gathered a great deal of information on such subjects as Indian slavery, Native land sales, the Atlantic maritime trade, and Native education in Massachusetts. This information contributed to the book by providing historical context for Wompas’s life, but most nitty-gritty details were tangential to the book’s purpose so do not appear in it. Because …

Beyond The Exodus: Nauvoo After 1849, Rebecca A. Wiederhold, Dainan Skeem

Faculty Publications

Nauvoo, the City Beautiful, was named by Joseph Smith in 1839 when the Mormons began settling the area. After seven short years, the Saints had built a city to rival Chicago at the time. In 1844, Joseph was martyred and in 1847 the Mormons fled the city, changing the makeup of the town’s population and the direction of its growth. Emma Smith eventually returned with the remainder of her family and was beloved of the neighborhood children. Many other families not associated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints continued to farm the land and raise families. As …

Physical Evidence And The Battle Of The Little Bighorn: The Question Of Interpretation, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Archaeologists have identified over a thousand shell casings and bullets at the site of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Many theories on the nature of the battle, the effectiveness of the weapons, and the location of the fighting have been proposed by the location of these artifacts. But there are major problems in interpretation. Only about 1% of the supposed artifacts remain, and the vast majority were plundered long ago. The artifacts are suspect because there is no way to know if they actually had anything to do with the battle or if they were added later. Any analysis …

German Women In The Wild West: Contradiction In Post-Wwii Gender Roles, Romy Franks

AWE (A Woman’s Experience)

While postwar German women were portrayed as gritty and strong from their lived experiences, West German newspapers articles reiterated the contradictory roles proffered to women in German society. Rather than speaking up against the genre’s masculine dominance, popular western novels, films, and the press continued to reinforce widely held opinions and norms by encouraging women to be content with the ideal female character offered them.

Die Schlacht Am Little Bighorn Und Ihre Physischen Zeugnisse: Eine Frage Der Interpretation (2. Teil), Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Over a thousand shell casings and bullets have been found at the location of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. These artifacts have led to many interpretations on the nature of the battle, but there are many problems with these theories. Many of the artifacts are suspect because some of them could have been moved, introduced later, or may not be a representative sample. Any analysis made on the bases of the remaining shell casings and bullets must be made with these limitations in mind.

This is the second article in a two-part series. You can access the first article …

Die Schlacht Am Little Bighorn Und Ihre Physischen Zeugnisse: Eine Frage Der Interpretation (1. Teil), Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Over a thousand shell casings and bullets have been found at the location of the Battle of the Little Bighorn. These artifacts have led to many interpretations on the nature of the battle, but there are many problems with these theories. Many of the artifacts are suspect because some of them could have been moved, introduced later, or may not be a representative sample. Any analysis made on the bases of the remaining shell casings and bullets must be made with these limitations in mind.

This article is the first article in a two-part series. You can access the second …

Red Cloud's Krieg: Der Indianische Sieg Über Die Vereinigten Staaten 1866–1868, Albert Winkler

Books

No abstract provided.

Utah’S Role In Protecting The Mormon Trail During The Civil War, Kenneth L. Alford Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

This chapter (from the 2015 book “Far Away in the West: Reflections on the Mormon Pioneer Trail” published by the Brigham Young University Religious Studies Center) sets the stage for Utah Territory’s role protecting the Mormon Trail during the Civil War by outlining the Utah War (1857-1858). This essay begins by comparing and contracting Washington, DC’s wartime interest in the trail with that of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Utah Territory. The essay then outlines the changing parties who were responsible for the trail between 1861 and 1865 – the U.S. Army (spring-summer 1861), no one …

Henry Wirz And The Tragedy Of Andersonville: A Question Of Responsibility, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Henry Wirz was the most controversial Swiss American. Born in Zurich, Wirz migrated to the United States and joined the Confederacy at the outbreak of the Civil War. He was assigned to oversee the military prison at Andersonville, Georgia, which had a very high death rate. Following the war, Wirz was arrested and tried for war crimes. The trial was a travesty of justice. Many of his supposed crimes were milder punishments than the Union inflicted on its own soldiers. The court allowed hearsay evidence, Wirz was no allowed to call key witnesses for his defense, and many leaders of …

The Battle Of Adobe Walls And The Red River War, 1874-5, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Adobe Walls became the site of two major engagements between the whites and Indians, first in 1864 and ten years later in 187 4. In 1843, William Bent established a trading post near a crossing of the Canadian River in the panhandle area of north Texas. The original structure was probably constructed from wood. Two years later, in 1843, the fort was rebuilt out of adobe or sun-dried brick. It was a formidable structure that with walls about 30 feet (9 meters) high, but the fort proved to be in a dangerous area, and Indian raids soon made the location …

The Battle Of The Rosebud, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

The Battle of the Rosebud, which took place on 17 June 1876, was the largest single engagement between the United States cavalry and Indian forces in the entire history of the American West. It was a fierce encounter that lasted about six hours and involved all together several thousand cavalrymen and Indian warriors. The outcome of the contest was highly significant because it turned back a major invasion of Indian territories and freed many warriors to engage another invading force under the command of George Armstrong Custer. This led to the destruction of Custer's command at the Battle of the …

Red Cloud's War And The Indian Victory Over The United States, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Following the American Civil War, the United States fought a major war against the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho Indians known as Red Cloud's War, which lasted from 1866 to 1868. The conflict is noteworthy for its many raids, for its three significant battles, and because it was a costly American defeat and an important Indian victory. A prominent leader of the Native Americans was the great war chief, Red Cloud, who engineered much of their success. The conflict included several important and bloody engagements including the Hayfield and the Wagon Box Battles in 1867, and the highly significant Fetterman Massacre …

The Germans In The Seventh U.S. Cavalry At The Battle Of The Little Bighorn, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

About 15% or 131 men assigned to the Seventh Cavalry in June 1876 were born in Germany. A total of 78 of these men fought in the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and 36 of these men were killed in action. The Germans in the Seventh Cavalry enjoyed a fine reputation as good soldiers, most of them were listed as having “excellent character,” and three of them were awarded the Medal of Honor for their action at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. This article deals with many issues including these men’s backgrounds, the condition of their lives, their height …

The Case For A Custer Battalion Survivor: Private Gustave Korn's Story, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Almost all of these claims of men having survived Custer’s Massacre at the Battle of the Little Bighorn have proven to be false, Gustave Korn’s case has merit. He was with Company I of Custer’s Battalion when it was attacked and later overwhelmed by the Indians. Korn claimed that his horse was wounded, became unmanageable, and carried him away from the Custer’s Battalion before it was wiped out. The circumstantial evidence supports his claim, and many of the other men in the Seventh Cavalry believed him. Korn was also famous because he cared for Comanche, the horse that was badly …

Deutsche Und Schweizer In Der Schlacht Am Little Big Horn 1876, Albert Winkler, Dietmar Kuegler, Trans.

Books

No abstract provided.

Henry Wirz And Andersonville: The Career Of The Most Controversial Swiss American, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Henry Wirz is the most controversial Swiss American. He was assigned to oversee the Andersonville Prison during the Civil War, and he was blamed for the high death rate in that prison even though he had no means of getting additional food and supplies to the captives. He was tried for war crimes after the Civil War. He was not allowed an adequate defense at his trial, and he was found guilty in a travesty of justice. He refused an offer of clemency if he would implicate Jefferson Davis and other high Confederate officials in a plot to kill Union …

The Swiss At The Battle Of The Little Bighorn, 1876, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

Twelve men born in Switzerland are known to have been in the Seventh Cavalry in June of 1876, at the time of the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and seven of them participated in the battle. Five of these men were killed in the engagement. Much is known about the activities of some of these men, and John Lattman from Zurich left a good account of his experiences. The Swiss were slightly older than most of the men in the Seventh Cavalry, and they were about average in height as the other troopers. These Swiss showed much dedication to their …

Die Schlacht Am Rosebud 1876, Albert Winkler, Dietmar Kuegler, Trans.

Books

No abstract provided.

The Lot Smith Company: Utah Goes To War, Joseph Stuart, Kenneth Alford

Library Research Grants

The authors take a close look at the cavalry unit that was called to military service on April 28, 1862, at President Lincoln’s request. Their ninety-day period of service was the only unit-level active duty military contribution Utah Territory made during the Civil War. This paper was later published as a book chapter from "Civil War Saints" (2012, published by the Brigham Young University Religious Studies Center and the Deseret Book Company) and can be accessed here.

We Know No North, No South, No East, No West: Mormon Interpretations Of The Civil War, 1861-1865, Richard Bennett

Faculty Publications

While peace reigns in Utah, civil war, with all its horrors, prevails among those who earnestly desired to see the soil of these valleys crimsoned with the blood of the Saints, and, if we are mistaken in the signs of the times, before the conflict between the North and South shall have ended, all they unitedly desired to see meted out to the Mormons, will be poured out without measure upon those who have initiated the war of extermination, and are now carrying it on with all the energy they severally possess. So read the lead editorial in the Salt …

"To Strengthen The Colonies": French Labor Policy, Indentured Servants, And African Slaves In The Seventeenth Century Caribbean, Robert Taber

Library Research Grants

No abstract provided.

Pronounced Clean, Comfortable, And Good Looking: The Passage Of Mormon Immigrants Through The Port Of Philadelphia, Fred E. Woods

Faculty Publications

We were pronounced clean, comfortable, and good looking. So wrote LDS voyage leader Matthias Cowley after arriving in Philadelphia with a company of foreign Saints in the mid-nineteenth century. At this time, Latter-day Saint European immigrants, obeying the call to come to Zion, were gathering to America by the thousands on the way to their Mormon Mecca in Salt Lake City. They were obeying the call to come to Zion. In 1852, the First Presidency issued the following counsel: "When a people, or individuals, hear the Gospel, obey its first principles, are baptized for the remission of sins, and receive …

Minnesota–Aufstand: Der Große Sioux–Krieg Von 1862, Albert Winkler, Dietmar Kuegler, Trans.

Books

No abstract provided.

The "Tabernacle Post Office" Petition For The Saints Of Kanesville, Iowa, Fred E. Woods, Maurine Carr Ward

Faculty Publications

As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. Thus spoke wise King Solomon a millennium before the birth of Christ. As America labored to give birth to a new nation, the United States Post Office Department was born when the Second Continental Congress met in 1775 at Philadelphia and agreed to appoint Benjamin Franklin as the country's first postmaster general. During the nineteenth century, America continued to grow in population as children were born and as immigrants crossed the Atlantic to the land of promise. This growth not only caused America to lengthen …

Utah's Plight: A Passage Through The Great Depression, Joseph F. Darowski

Theses and Dissertations

The Great Depression marked a fateful passage in the annals of the American people. President Roosevelt's New Deal, the nation's signature response, proved to be a determined but erratic reaction. Against the backdrop of a nation deeply mired in an unrelenting international depression, dramatic events played themselves out in the lives of the men and women of Utah. Throughout, fidelity to principles of independence, self-reliance, and self-sufficiency were sorely challenged.

The people of Utah found succor in two almost diametrically opposed responses. The New Deal offered an amalgam of programs and panaceas through which the federal government attempted to deliver …

Die Schlacht Am Red Fork: Die Vernichtung Von Dull Knifes Dorf, Albert Winkler, Dietmar Kuegler Trans.

Books

No abstract provided.

Island Of Tranquility: Rhetoric And Identification At Brigham Young University During The Vietnam Era, Brian D. Jackson

Theses and Dissertations

The author argues that beyond religious beliefs and conservative politics, rhetorical identification played an important role in the relative calmness of the BYU campus during the turbulent Sixties. Using Bitzer's rhetorical situation theory and Burke's identification theory, the author shows that BYU's calm campus can be explained as a result of communal identification with a conservative ethos. He also shows that apparent epistemological shortcomings of Bitzer's model can be resolved by considering the power of identification to create salience and knowledge in rhetorical situations. During the Sixties, BYU administration developed policies on physical appearance that invited students to take on …