Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Consequences Of The Arab Spring: How Shari’Ah Law And The Egyptian Revolution Will Impact Ip Protection And Enforcement, Stephen S. Zimowski

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Egypt’s recent revolution sent shockwaves through the international community, and almost immediately political pundits began to ponder its effect on Middle Eastern stability. To date, post-revolution Egypt has struggled to regain its political stability and implement the democratic government its citizens demand. The eventual nature of the new Egyptian government will have a substantial impact not only on the region’s stability but also on international trade. As such, this comment will examine the likely impact of a new Egyptian regime on intellectual property rights and protections in Egypt. The comment explores the role of Shari’ah Law in lawmaking and Shari’ah …

We Can Work It Out: Putting Our Best Foot Forward In International Higher Education Initiatives, Julie Rowland

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

A global economy requires globally competitive workers and global citizens.This need has generated supranational higher education initiatives through organizations such as the European Union and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. These initiatives promote student mobility across borders by harmonizing higher education systems between member nations. To demonstrate how the U.S. can become more involved in international higher education initiatives, this comment will first give an overview of the history of these initiatives globally. The comment explores the legal and soft governance mechanisms involved in international initiatives and the feasibility of their application to the U.S. A description of the structures of …

2012-13 Jlia Masthead, Jlia Masthead

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Mediation – Its Potential And Its Limits: Developing An Effective Discourse On The Research And Practice Of Peacemaking, Dennis C. Jett

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

This article looks at the various contributions to this issue of the Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs. The contributors have analyzed the potential and limits of mediation, but have focused on a number of different aspects of that process. The analytic research relevant to conflict situations will be most useful, however, if the recommendations offered for how to bring conflicts to an end can actually be of use to practitioners in the field. The approach of this article is therefore to consider how policymakers might employ these recommendations as they pursue the goal of peace. It …

Ethnic Conflict: An Organizational Perspective, Victor Asal, Jonathan Wilkenfeld

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

To talk about the behavior of others is to generalize especially if that behavior is perceived to be negative. As researchers who have studied ethnic discrimination and ethnic conflict for close to two decades, we have noticed, anecdotally at least, that this penchant for generalization is rampant in discussions of ethnic politics. Journalists and academics tend to talk about one or another ethnic group’s involvement in violence without specifying a political organizational agent. This kind of generalization is a serious obstacle to understanding conflicts and identifying solutions because it prevents policymakers and academics from getting at the messy reality of …

When States Mediate, Molly M. Melin

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Militarized conflict is one of the most devastating of all human activities. The international community’s response to conflict occurrence can significantly affect the number of casualties, the extent of resulting devastation and even the outcome of the conflict. State responses range from conflict management, whereby third parties actively engage in resolving the conflict; joining, whereby states become an additional disputant; or remaining uninvolved. One of the most common active third-party responses is to act as a mediator, a role using consensual, nonbinding and nonviolent means of conflict management and resolution. This paper explores the policy of state-led mediation, its strengths …

The Politics Of International Arbitration And Adjudication, Stephen E. Gent

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Arbitration and adjudication have proven to be effective means of producing long-lasting settlements on contentious issues, but states are generally reluctant to use such legal forms of dispute resolution, especially in resolving issues of national security. To understand when policymakers can and should promote the use of legal mechanisms, they need to understand the political reasons behind the reluctance of states to use these forums. This essay identifies five factors that significantly influence the willingness of states to relinquish decision control and pursue arbitration or adjudication: third-party bias, salience, uncertainty, bargaining power, and armed conflict. To promote the use of …

Using The Right Tool For The Job: Mediator Leverage And Conflict Resolution, Kyle Beardsley

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

In international dispute mediation, a one-size-fits-all view of mediation may actually inhibit effective conflict resolution. Mediators must especially tailor the level of leverage to the needs of the situation. This essay first considers existing studies that have found both potential benefits and risks of heavy-handed third-party involvement as a conflict-management strategy. It then considers a few illustrative cases to demonstrate the importance of making sure that the tools of mediation fit the context. Finally, it concludes with a discussion of how sustained post-conflict peacekeeping and peacebuilding can reduce the risks of leverage in mediation.

Intractable Syria? Insights From The Scholarly Literature On The Failure Of Mediation, J. Michael Greig

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

The conflict in Syria has been ongoing since March 2011, but to date has resisted third-party diplomatic efforts. This failure of mediation is despite the fact that numerous actors in the international system have interests both in Syria and the Middle East at large. The human toll of the conflict, which has produced large numbers of civilian casualties and considerable human suffering, creates even deeper urgency for effective conflict management in Syria. In this paper, I apply insights drawn from the scholarly literature on conflict management and civil wars to the Syrian conflict to explain why mediation efforts have thus …

Who Should Be At The Table?: Veto Players And Peace Processes In Civil War, David E. Cunningham

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Civil wars contain a set of actors that have the ability to block settlement and continue the war on their own. When they contain more “veto players,” conflicts are much longer and negotiations are more likely to break down. The rate of success of international efforts to resolve multi-party civil wars is much lower than when there is only one rebel group fighting the government. This article discusses implications for peacemakers designing responses to conflicts with multiple veto players. Negotiations in these conflicts are most likely to lead to a peace agreement that successfully ends the war if they include …

Deceptive Results: Why Mediation Appears To Fail But Actually Succeeds, Scott Sigmund Gartner

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

International disputes receiving third-party mediation are less likely to result in peace treaties than those negotiated bilaterally between the disputants. When belligerents do settle, mediated agreements are more likely to fail. Is mediation detrimental to conflict resolution? No. Third-party mediation represents a highly effective, but costly, means of peacemaking. Disputants recognize its costs and only employ mediation when they are unable to resolve a conflict between themselves, creating a “selection effect.” As a result, mediators are selected for the toughest cases – those least likely to end peacefully and mostly likely to result in fragile agreements. When the difficulty of …

Research On Bias In Mediation: Policy Implications, Isak Svensson

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

One of the most important and disputed questions within the field of international mediation concerns the issue of bias. The question of bias cuts to the core of what mediation is and the ways in which mediators can help the parties reach peace. Focusing on research on the role of neutrality and bias in international peace diplomacy in civil wars, this article draws out the policy implications of my own empirically-based work on the role of bias in the mediation of internal armed conflicts. This article suggests that neutrality should not be part of the definition of mediators, …

The Lack Of Coordination In Diplomatic Peacemaking, Birger Heldt

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

The increased number of peacemaking actors during the past twenty years is accompanied by an increased amount of peacemaking, but also a low success rate. This article focuses on recent emerging conflicts. It finds that peacemaking is prevalent, but is often not coordinated with regard to choice of tools (mediation, arbitration, etc.), or the agenda or the issues of the talks. This lack of coordination has for many years been recognized as detrimental and may partly explain the low success rate. The article suggests that policymakers need to have a long-term strategy to address the coordination problem, part of which …

Foreword, I. William Zartman

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Translating Scholarship Into Policy, Scott Sigmund Gartner, Amy C. Gaudion

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

There is an ever widening gap between conflict resolution policy makers and scholars—a tragedy given practitioners’ dire need for new ideas to help resolve deadly conflicts and the growing knowledge researchers have to share. Research tends to swing like a pendulum between analytic and rigorous methods and accessible and relevant approaches. We reject this tradeoff. We believe that research can be simultaneously rigorous and relevant, and analytic and accessible. Given the devastating loss of life associated with armed conflict, the need for translating research results into policy prescriptions is especially strong in peacemaking. The goal of this issue of the …

Trail Blazer - Volume 116, Number 11, Morehead State University. Trail Blazer.

Morehead State Trail Blazer Archive

Morehead State Trail Blazer published on April 18, 2013.

The Grizzly, April 18, 2013, Jessica Orbon, Sara Sherr, Misha Fausto, Allison Schroeder, Taylor Manferdini, Christine Dobisch, Lauren Dicairano, Caroline Sandberg, Amanda Frekot, Dana Feigenbaum, Daiana Vazquez, John Parry, Briana Brukilacchio, Jordan Demcher, Melissa Kopel, Allen Weaver

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

Curriculum Review • Relay Raises Money, Awareness • Tuition Explained • Mental Health Resources Reviewed • Collegeville Community Day April 20 • Student Art Exhibit April 24 • Ursinus College Dance Company's Spring Show • Spanish Classes Popular Among UC Students • Opinion: ESPN Debate Isn't Really About Sports; Autism Awareness Month is a Learning Opportunity • Hockey Not Netting Enough Attention • Senior Spotlight: Wytch Rigger, Men's Lacrosse • Baseball Loses in 18 Innings

Building The War One Brick At A Time, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

I've been waiting for this moment since 1996. Back then, when I was 11, My favorite toy came out with figures from my favorite era. The LEGO Western line was an amazing crossover of my love for history and my love for tiny ABS building blocks. [excerpt]

Big Interp: Processing Massive Meaning, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

There's been this term bandied about in the historical circles I've been running in of late: Big Data. As far as I've gathered, it's the byproduct of our information age, when more and more data gets fed into more and more machines and is accessible at the fingertips of more and more inquiring minds. [excerpt]

Porter, Roger Charles, 1887-1963 (Sc 1003), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and scan (Click on "additional files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 1003. Courtship letters (29) written by Roger Charles Porter of Warren County, Kentucky to his future wife, Nan Cole, during a summer she spent at Massey Springs, a Warren County resort operated by her parents. The Porters married 16 March 1911.

Trail Blazer - Volume 116, Number 10, Morehead State University. Trail Blazer.

Morehead State Trail Blazer Archive

Morehead State Trail Blazer published on April 11, 2013.

The Grizzly, April 11, 2013, Jessica Orbon, Sara Sherr, Alyse Reid, Rachel Brown, Misha Fausto, Caroline Sandberg, John Parry, Megan Maccaroni, Carly Siegler, Kaitlyn Cherry, Melissa Kopel, Austin Fox, Allen Weaver

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

Drug Search Policy • Advocates Strive to Empower • Diversity Report • 4th Annual Cuts for a Cause April 14 • New Club Fosters School Spirit • Move-Out Program • Pause for Paws Brings Cheer • Opinion: Ritter Needs Renovating; The "R" Word Hurts • Class of '13 Spotlight: Kevin Wilson • Senior Spotlight: Liz Chatburn, Women's Lacrosse • Men's Lacrosse Beats York

Dark Town's Wealth: A 150-Year-Old Rock-And-Roll Concert Review, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

I have a lot of odd things scattered around my house, weird ephemera and bric-a-brac that I've picked up here and there as I've studied history.

Some of them are treasures, like CDVs of long-dead College professors and original pieces of decking from the USS North Carolina. Some are less treasures and more, well, junk. Most folks toss old newspapers within a few days of reading. In the Civil War Era, I'm sure many a page of newsprint went to start an honest mother's hearth in the morning or a pile of moist kindling in some godforsaken camp. [excerpt …

Mass. Memories Road Show: Your Place In Massachusetts History, Andrew Elder, Carolyn M. Goldstein, Joanne Riley, University Archives & Special Collections, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Office of Community Partnerships Posters

The Mass. Memories Road Show is an event-based public history project that digitizes family photographs and stories shared by the people of Massachusetts. We work with local communities to organize free public events where everyone is invited to bring photographs to be scanned and included in the archives at UMass Boston.

To date, the Mass. Memories Road Show has digitized more than 5,000 photographs and stories from across the state, creating an educational resource of primary sources for future generations. Over time, we plan to visit each of the 351 cities and towns in Massachusetts.

The Railroad's Effect On Racial And Gendered Consumption Practice In Nacogdoches County, East Texas: A Case Study Of Melrose, Tx, Evadney Cooper

Undergraduate Research Conference

This project is an in depth look on the disproportionate lifestyles of black and white households during Nineteenth Century East Texas, from women's shopping records

On The Battleground At Gettysburg: A Journey To Remember, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

I was very pleased to be one of the two speakers at Sunday night's inaugural "Journey to Remember" event sponsored by Gettysburg College. A group of students and community members trekked up the hill from the campus, resting on Oak Hill at the base of the Eternal Light Peace Memorial to hear myself and Janet Riggs, the college's President and a fellow alum. The student organizers asked me to place that place into historical context. [excerpt]

Bowling Green, Kentucky - Social Life And Customs, 1904 (Sc 928), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and scan (Click on "Additional Files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 928. Letter, 20 January 1904, written from Bowling Green, Kentucky to Katie Love, Gallatin, Tennessee, chiefly relating family news. The writer also mentions a visit to the local Morehead House Hotel and comments on two local churches.

Trail Blazer - Volume 116, Number 9, Morehead State University. Trail Blazer.

Morehead State Trail Blazer Archive

Morehead State Trail Blazer published on April 4, 2013.

The Grizzly, April 4, 2013, Jessica Orbon, Sara Sherr, Alyse Reid, Caroline Sandberg, Shane English, Carly Siegler, Rosemary Clark, Vivek Reddy, Austin Fox, Sara Hourwitz, Sabrina Mcgettigan, John Parry, Megan Maccaroni, Jalel Guesmi, Allen Weaver

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

AFAC to Fund ESPN • No Tolerance for Open Containers • Staff Form Assembly • Transfer Students Offer Perspective on UC • Airband Event • Devoted Yet Battered Players • Blogging has Educational Benefits • Ursinus Students Celebrate World Water Month • Opinion: Seniors, Don't Freak Out About the Future; Extra-Curriculars an Important Part of Education • Ursinus Athletics Struggles • Concussions Affecting UC Athletics

We're Not Important: Historian In An Operating Room, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

Sometimes, historians (both public and academic) seem to have this oddly overblown sense of self-worth. I'll admit that I'm prone to this every so often. I'm wont to note that historic sites are temples of democracy, that interpreters ultimately are in the business of creating citizens and saving America and that in defining the past we find the present and chart the course for the future. [excerpt]