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Articles 241 - 270 of 290
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Design
City Of Water:Architecture, Urbanism And The Floods Of Phnom Penh, Shelby Elizabeth Doyle
City Of Water:Architecture, Urbanism And The Floods Of Phnom Penh, Shelby Elizabeth Doyle
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The following is a summary of ongoing research conducted in 2011-2012, funded in part by the Fulbright Program and entitled City of Water: Architecture, Urbanism and the Floods of Phnom Penh. This work documents the relationships between water, architecture, and infrastructure in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The objective of the project is to record the architectural and urban conditions sustained by and subject to the cyclical fl oods of the city's rivers and the challenges faced by Phnom Penh as it rapidly urbanizes in a fl ood plain.
Godot In Bombay: A Tragicomedy In Two Decades, Lisa Björkman
Godot In Bombay: A Tragicomedy In Two Decades, Lisa Björkman
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
An exploration of the two-decade-long political and discursive battles over water "privatization" in the Indian city of Mumbai reveals how, beginning in the 1990s, the water department, "got stuck inbetween public and private infrastructures." This essay demonstrates how widespread speculation among policymakers, bureaucrats, and engineers on the likelihood and desirability of privatization entrenched some of the very dynamics that such solutions were supposed to cure - dynamics that ironically, would ultimately derail a privatization initiative when it fi nally arrived.
The Changing Role Of Water In The Spatial Construction Anddesign Of Southeast Asian Polities, Lily C. Wong
The Changing Role Of Water In The Spatial Construction Anddesign Of Southeast Asian Polities, Lily C. Wong
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Investigating historical maps and texts, this essay charts the changing role of water in the spatial understanding and city design of three consecutive polities in Southeast Asia: pre-colonial tributarysystem, modern nationhood during the colonial period, and contemporary globalized neoliberal government. The role of water shifts from a heuristic device that is interwoven with political and territorial imaginings to a technocratically engineered commodity that is sacrificed in pursuit of modernization. Using the current urban design of Phnom Penh, Cambodia as an example, water remains the blind spot for urban development, despite the discussion of water sustainability at the regional scale.
Readdressing Dhaka's Public Water Bodies: A Design Research, Sanne Peeters, Kelly Shannon
Readdressing Dhaka's Public Water Bodies: A Design Research, Sanne Peeters, Kelly Shannon
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, rampant expansion and commercial development are brutally transforming the urban tissue. As a consequence, Dhaka's water network, which was once integratedinto the city's fabric and is of major importance for its drainage capacity, is rapidly disappearing. This article critically investigates the layered meanings of water in the city through focusing on the case study of Hatirjheel Lake, Dhaka's largest inner-city water body. A number of interpretative maps dissect the rich history of the city and its water, while contemporary cartographies reveal a new set of issues as advancing urbanization fi lls in water bodies. …
Ngibikan Villagespirituality Design In Javanese Architecture, Johannes Adiyanto, Josef Prijotomo, Galih Widjil Pangarsa
Ngibikan Villagespirituality Design In Javanese Architecture, Johannes Adiyanto, Josef Prijotomo, Galih Widjil Pangarsa
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In May 27, 2006, a massive earthquake hit and destroyed Ngibikan, a small village 17 kilometers south of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Yet, in a few days, the villagers rose up and reconstructed not only theirhouses but also their daily life. In this case, architectural design includes not only building as a material practice but also a humane and spiritual one. This essay employs combined methods of contextual criticism (Attoe, 1978, pp. 103-104) and hermeneutics as modeled by Paul Ricouer (2006). The results of this research also indicate the importance of understanding that the act of emergency rebuilding is not only about …
Modernity And Identity In Oraman Village Architecture Of The West Of Iran, Mohammad Jooshesh, Negar Kolahi, Mohammad Jafar Khazaee
Modernity And Identity In Oraman Village Architecture Of The West Of Iran, Mohammad Jooshesh, Negar Kolahi, Mohammad Jafar Khazaee
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In Kurdistan, Kermanshah and West Azerbaijan provinces of Iran, there are regions with plain but amazing contexts by which one can identify the hidden identity of the regional architecturein its various components. Most villages are built on the sides of narrow valleys with over a 50 ̊ slope. They face south and southeast to receive the most daylight. In the fi rst part of this article the topographic and architectural structure of the region is introduced, and in the second part, specifi c sections of this region have been analyzed in terms of modernity in relation to the hidden identity …
From The Origin Of Drawing To Cinemetrics, Cheng-Luen Hsueh
From The Origin Of Drawing To Cinemetrics, Cheng-Luen Hsueh
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Robin Evans in his article "Translations from Drawing to Building" explores the gap and transitive properties between architectural drawing and building (1997, p186 - 187). He concludes with somequestions arising from the allegorical painting by Giacinto Brandi depicting a portrait of a courtesan holding a divider. In contrast to the architect/geometer in William Blake's painting "Ancient of Days" which from the architect's point of view relates more to conventional measurement, precision, perfection, and also projection, the Giacinto painting may tell a story of architecture's mediation and negotiation in-between drawing and building under the prejudice or shelter of these big conventions …
Architectural Representation Of Islamic Modernism In Indonesia Case Study: Architecture Of Achmad Noeman, Agus S. Ekomadyo
Architectural Representation Of Islamic Modernism In Indonesia Case Study: Architecture Of Achmad Noeman, Agus S. Ekomadyo
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Islamic modernism appeared as a reformation movement based on two main ideas: purifying norms by rejecting deviation from religious practices, and adopting new ways of thinking to adapt to the modernworld. In Indonesia the movement had an important role in the development of modern Islamic organizations and Islamic intellectuals. This movement had a special representative in the architecture of Achmad Noeman. Noeman is a modernist Muslim, and also a modernist architect; his architecture refl ected modernism in Islam and in architecture. His designs infl uenced later Indonesian architects to interpret Islam rationally, critically, and creatively in endorsing Islamic building design. …
Emergence Of Open-Spaces For Dense Dhaka: Searching For Solutions From Traditional Settings, Ayasha Siddiqua
Emergence Of Open-Spaces For Dense Dhaka: Searching For Solutions From Traditional Settings, Ayasha Siddiqua
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In the traditional settlement patterns of Bengal, outdoor space has been hierarchically arranged and the people of this area have habitually socialized in these spaces. This localized practice led to theformation of a hierarchy of traditional outdoor places from small-scale indoor courts to large outdoor spaces for public gathering. In Bangladesh, a tropical country, open space carries an important functional and environmental purpose especially within the residential setting - both in rural and urban areas. But unfortunately, with the recent acceleration of development pressure in the urban areas and Euro-centric urban practice, the traditional sense of open space has been …
Public/Private Open Space? Analysis Of Multiple Intensive Land Use In Hong Kong, Mohammad Zakaria Ibne Razzaque
Public/Private Open Space? Analysis Of Multiple Intensive Land Use In Hong Kong, Mohammad Zakaria Ibne Razzaque
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Hong Kong comprises a unique situation in the world where extreme high density, overcrowding, scarcity of buildable land, land-use intensifi cation and economic viability are the major driving forces,as well as constraints, for urban development. Most people want to live adjacent to the Central Business District area and accept super high-rise living. The most appropriate regulatory ground and emerging solution for this extreme situation is the Multiple Intensive Land Use (MILU) law. MILU requires open spaces within dense development for both the residential inhabitants and all the citizens of Hong Kong. These legislated urban open spaces are constructed by private …
A Tudor House In Bangkok: Hsh Prince Vodhyakara Varavarn's House At 42 Soi Tonson, Chomchon Fusinpaiboon
A Tudor House In Bangkok: Hsh Prince Vodhyakara Varavarn's House At 42 Soi Tonson, Chomchon Fusinpaiboon
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper examines the design and construction process of the house at 42 Soi Tonson, Bangkok, designed and owned by His Serene Highness Prince Vodhyakara Varavarn - a Cambridge graduate and pioneeringThai architect - in 1929. By examining the house, the factors that infl uenced the design and the construction process are taken into account including contemporary circumstances of pre-World War II Siam culturally and economically, as well as the life and educational background of the architect. The paper reveals that the design and construction process not only involved the selection and appropriation of the Western ideas and knowledge but …
Greenery In Urban Environments: A Study Of Mysore City In India, Krishne Gowda, M. V. Sridhara, B. Mahendra
Greenery In Urban Environments: A Study Of Mysore City In India, Krishne Gowda, M. V. Sridhara, B. Mahendra
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Preservation of nature is an integral part of urban planning. Well maintained greenery contributes immensely to social, economic, educational and ecological value, provides space for recreationand personal revitalization, attracts and retains investment for development, reduces noise and sultriness in summer, and enhances property value. Mysore is popularly known as a 'city of palaces and gardens'. The buildings in the city are architecturally beautiful and are endowed with well-maintained parks, open spaces, boulevards, and fountains. However, urban expansion is expected to continue unabated. One of the adverse effects of rapid and relative unplanned growth is heavy encroachment leading to the problem …
Rotterdam: Dynamic Polder City = Land + Water + Culture, F. L. Hooimeijer
Rotterdam: Dynamic Polder City = Land + Water + Culture, F. L. Hooimeijer
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The planning culture in the Netherlands is based on the experience of building cities on very wet and soft soils. The design of Dutch polder cities was from early on a balance between land and water forbuilding site preparation. The relation between technological development and urban development can be ordered in six phases: natural (-1000), defensive (1000-1500), offensive (1500-1800), early manipulative (1800-1890), manipulative (1890-1990) and adaptive manipulative water management (1990-). Rotterdam is chosen to represent the heritage of Dutch talent with regard to the design and construction of water and land into dynamic cities. This is important because awareness and …
Agats:The Waterfront City Of The Asmat, Basauli Umar Lubis
Agats:The Waterfront City Of The Asmat, Basauli Umar Lubis
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The development along and within the Asewets River presents the most characteristic and memorable city form of the city of Agats, Papua, Indonesia. The river and the city's raised roads form anintegrated circulation pattern and together played an important part in the development of the city. The city of Agats is unique in that all structures are built above wood or concrete pilings. The unique presence of the elevated bazaar street connects buildings likewise raised on piles. The structural elevation of the city above the ground keeps the settlement dry even during rainy season, when there is a 4 kilometer …
Jakarta Waterscape:From Structuring Water To 21st Century Hybrid Nature?, Prathiwi W. Putri, Aryani Sari Rahmanti
Jakarta Waterscape:From Structuring Water To 21st Century Hybrid Nature?, Prathiwi W. Putri, Aryani Sari Rahmanti
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper explores how changing conceptions of human-environment relationships have been materialized within Jakarta, Indonesia's planning and development practices and how these practices havecontributed to shaping today's problematic waterscape. By refusing the modern binary opposition of nature-culture and arguing that our city is a hybrid human-nonhuman nature, this paper shows that there have to be socio-technological solutions for the water sector's current problems. We center our chain of explanations on flooding without neglecting the fact that flooding is related to other water issues and broader issues of uneven spatial development. Hence, tackling the calamities of flooding has to be situated …
Urban Dynamism, A Contrasting Experience:Street Life In Unplanned Bangkok And Planned Melbourne, Sidh Sintusingha, Kasama Polakit, Richard Bruch
Urban Dynamism, A Contrasting Experience:Street Life In Unplanned Bangkok And Planned Melbourne, Sidh Sintusingha, Kasama Polakit, Richard Bruch
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper investigates the notion of 'urban dynamism' through the conceived and lived street life of Bangkok, Thailand and Melbourne, Australia. Each city provides a contrasting experience, namelyBangkok's organic dynamism and the city's administrators varied attempts to control and organize it, and Melbourne's conscious planning and design to rejuvenate urban spaces, through the formal strategies of the Victorian State Government and the City of Melbourne.
The Ex-Coal Mining City Of Sawahlunto Revisited:Notions On Revitalization, Conservation And Urban Development, Widjaja Martokusumo
The Ex-Coal Mining City Of Sawahlunto Revisited:Notions On Revitalization, Conservation And Urban Development, Widjaja Martokusumo
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The structural change of Sawahlunto, Indonesia from a mining-based to a tourism-based economy has triggered environmental problems and challenges. Revitalization combined with conservation efforts became a priority in order to maintain the cultural dynamics of the ex-coal mining city. Cultural heritage conservation utilizing the urban fabric and mining-related installations has been criticized due to its emphasis on beautification. This paper argues that historic urban fabric contributes significantly to place making but these endeavors need strong political leadership. The case of Sawahlunto reveals the important nexus between physical intervention, rehabilitation of socio-economic activities and the problem of institutional development, which is …
Urban Regeneration: Significance Of The Land - Water Interface And Its Manifestation In The Historic And Cultural Quarter Along Lake Pichola In Udaipur, S. Samant
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The success of a waterfront city depends largely on the quality and balance of the land-water interface, so instrumental in the growth and development of a place and its identity. The aim of thisstudy is to critically examine the historic cultural quarter of Udaipur on the eastern edge of Lake Pichola, understand the forces that underpin current development and highlight key concerns by examining the existing state of the urban waterside. The main issues observed include economic growth through tourism, enhanced by the conservation of historic structures and the preservation of heritage. The past plays a fundamental role in urban …
Multi-Productive Landscapes Of The Sustainable City: Opportunities For Managing Resource Needsthrough Urban Landscapes, N. Claire Napawan
Multi-Productive Landscapes Of The Sustainable City: Opportunities For Managing Resource Needsthrough Urban Landscapes, N. Claire Napawan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper aims to link concerns for providing resource needs to city dwellers by considering urban open spaces as a means for creating infrastructural landscapes which limit ecological footprints ofcities and provide relief from density. How cities and their inhabitants manage their urban infrastructure is a critical component towards the design of efficient and sustainable use of natural capital, as many infrastructural systems reach the end of their usefulness in an era where population growth demands surpass carrying capacity. This paper will trace historical progressions of western cities' resource management systems, theorize opportunities for alternative and sustainable strategies of landscape …
A Water Field Civilization: The Shifting Rural Territories Of Taiwan, Pei-Chun Wen
A Water Field Civilization: The Shifting Rural Territories Of Taiwan, Pei-Chun Wen
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The Taiwanese countryside is representative of Asia's 'hydraulic civilization' and has a society based upon a water-orientated productive landscape. Its irrigation system of paddy fields and fish pondsis strongly interrelated to society's collective units, such as families or unions, which, in turn, structure social morals and behaviors. In a comparison of three different agriculture plains in Taiwan, interpretative maps reveal differences in the settlement patterns related to topography and water resource management. The critical reading of historical documentation and creation of interpretative maps reveals how early settlers solved water threats and managed to stabilize water sources. The study proposes a …
Art On Water: Art That Revitalizes Insular Communities Facing Depopulation And Economic Decline, Kentaro Yagi
Art On Water: Art That Revitalizes Insular Communities Facing Depopulation And Economic Decline, Kentaro Yagi
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The Inland Sea of Japan, once a flourishing cultural and economic artery, is now struggling with depopulation and economic decline. Traditionally, this area has been popular for public and privateart projects. Recent large-scale art projects and exhibitions on Naoshima Island and Inujima Island explored the possibilities of art in a public context. Site-specific artworks in collaboration with the local community have attracted visitors and brought about a favorable impact. Along with the rich historic and natural resources of the Inland Sea area, emerging art projects in various islands have started to revitalize the insular communities within.
The Inclusive I.C.E. Cube :New Dimensions And Approaches For Design Inclusion, Praima Israsena Na Ayudhya
The Inclusive I.C.E. Cube :New Dimensions And Approaches For Design Inclusion, Praima Israsena Na Ayudhya
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Inclusive design is an evolving and complex concept, the definition of which can be extended to address not only age and disability, but also race, income, education, andculture. As most of products are originally designed in developed countries, conventional elder-care products present serious difficulties and exclude users with different cultural customs and lower economic status. There is an urgent need for design methods, based on an expansive understanding of not only age and disability, but also income, education and culturally related factors, which will lead to a minimizing of the impact of these differences and thereby extend the effectiveness of …
Dynamics Of Geo-Informatics To Support Flood Management : Experiences In The Netherlands, George G. Vab Der Meulen
Dynamics Of Geo-Informatics To Support Flood Management : Experiences In The Netherlands, George G. Vab Der Meulen
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Support to flood management as experienced in the Netherlands is both a matter of building up of knowledge, expertise and experience in a long historical context, and,more recently a matter of response to flood (risk) circumstances requiring the support of advanced geo-spatial information technology for adequate and dynamic decision making in case of a (possible) disaster event, managerial and operational. The two matters are explained in detail in this contribution.
Changes In The Use Of Canalside Buildings On Amphawa Canal, Samut Songkhram Province :The Consequences Of Conservation And Development Project From 2001 To 2009., Wannasilpa Peerapan
Changes In The Use Of Canalside Buildings On Amphawa Canal, Samut Songkhram Province :The Consequences Of Conservation And Development Project From 2001 To 2009., Wannasilpa Peerapan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This article is the result of the study on changes in the use of canalside buildings on Amphawa Canal, Samut Songkhram Province from 2001 to 2009, resulting from thecontinuous conservation and regeneration projects of Amphawa community since 2001. The study shows that there were altogether 351 building units, most of which were old houses dating back to the days when Amphawa was the center of waterborne traffic and trade of Samut Songkhram. Most of the building units served primarily residential purposes while the remainder served both residential and commercial purposes and quite a number were left unused. In 2009 clear …
Preservation Ofqiāng Zú Minority's Architectureinsì Chuān, Paolo Vincenzo Genovese
Preservation Ofqiāng Zú Minority's Architectureinsì Chuān, Paolo Vincenzo Genovese
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper studies a new concept of restoration in the contemporary world. When we talk about preservation and restoration, we often think in terms of material patrimonyof a culture. Unfortunately this mindset overlooks the immense patrimony of knowledge that is the culture in its totality. This paper aims to conduct a case study of ethnic culture in Sichuan, China: ethnic culture of the 羌族 Qiāng Zú minority. The goal is to analyze the local culture from the point of view of the ancestral tradition and point out an appropriate system of preservation of a reality so delicate that it is …
Denken System In Japan: Important District For Preservation Of A Group Of Traditional Buildings, Terdsak Tachakitkachorn
Denken System In Japan: Important District For Preservation Of A Group Of Traditional Buildings, Terdsak Tachakitkachorn
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In term of architectural and town conservation, Japan unlike other developed nation has developed its own specific system. "Denken system" or "Preserved district system" is directly translated as "Important District for Preservation of a Group of Traditional Buildings". In this respect law was first enacted by the Agency for cultural affair in 1975, with an aim to conserve groups of traditional buildings and not only any specific single buildings. From then until 2010, 86 areas in the whole country have been announced as the "preserved districts". The process for designation of a preserved district starts with a fundamental study, a …
On Modern Architecturein Italy, Paolo Vincenzo Genovese
On Modern Architecturein Italy, Paolo Vincenzo Genovese
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The main goal of paper is to discuss the history of Modern Architecture in Italy, betweenthe beginning of the 20th Century and 1970. We intend to show the main character ofItalian architecture by itself and give a context of the main trend of the European Modernism.To do this, we have to discuss the idea of "Modernity" and the relationships between Italy andother centres of creation in Europe in this age.The discussion is concentrated on the temporal sequence of different architects and a shortdescription of the most significant masterpieces during the 20th Century in Italy. At the sametime, we have the …
The Logic Of Multi-Useof Public Open Spacesin Chiang Mai City, Kan Nathiwutthikun, Wannasilpa Peerapun, Khaisri Paksukcharern
The Logic Of Multi-Useof Public Open Spacesin Chiang Mai City, Kan Nathiwutthikun, Wannasilpa Peerapun, Khaisri Paksukcharern
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This study aims to define the logic of the multi-use of public open spaces in Chiang MaiCity by taking into account people, time and activity diversity. The study hypothesizesthat the multi-use of public open spaces is influenced by three significant factors, namelyspecific characteristics of space, urban morphological structure, and users.The research methodology consists of surveying forty-two public open spaces in Chiang MaiCity. The resulting data are then used to conduct matrix analyses and the analysis of urbanmorphological structure using overlay mapping and figure-ground techniques. The studyareas are grouped according to district, function, setting, and management. Subsequentlythree public open spaces, namely …
Impact Of Urban Expansion Onwater Demand :The Case Study Of Nakhonrachasima City,Lam Ta Kong Watershed, Saowanee Wijitkosum, Thavivongse Sriburi
Impact Of Urban Expansion Onwater Demand :The Case Study Of Nakhonrachasima City,Lam Ta Kong Watershed, Saowanee Wijitkosum, Thavivongse Sriburi
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This research analyzes the urban expansion of Nakhonrachasima City, the regional centerof Northeastern Thailand, in terms of water demand and water usage in the Lam TaKong Watershed. Lam Ta Kong Watershed has had a severe water shortage problem for a longtime. Nakhonrachasima City is a small city with 172,387 persons. The results show that theurbanization effect on changing land use rapidly and increases water consumption. The trendof the water consumption rate in Nakhonrachasima increases at a high rate. Presently, waterconsumption in the city is 64,336 cu m/d and the water consumption rate is 358 lcd, which ishigh when compared with …
Bangkok : River City, Banasopit Mekvichai, Nicolas Detries, Perissol Pierre-Andre, Claude Prelorenzo, Bertrand Warnier
Bangkok : River City, Banasopit Mekvichai, Nicolas Detries, Perissol Pierre-Andre, Claude Prelorenzo, Bertrand Warnier
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
An international expert workshop on the theme "Bangkok: River City" is organized bythe Bangkok Metroplitan Administration (BMA) in collaboration with Les Ateliers,The Raimond Land and the Faculty of Architecture Chulalongkorn University. The workshopwas held in Bangkok Thailand from 1st-13th June 2008. Participants are professionals of differentnationalities from specializations such as urban planning, architecture, engineering, geographyand design. They were divided into three teams: 1.) Urban Archipuncture 2.)Flowing City and3.)Bangkok Water City. They competed with the ideas to make the best use of the water network.All teams suggested ideas and projects to develop the water network and surrounding areasfocusing on the sustainability …