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Articles 211 - 240 of 290
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Design
The Salt Marsh - Pier 1:Brooklyn Bridge Park, Michael Van Valkenburgh, Matthew Urbanski, Gullivar Shepard, Eric Rothstein
The Salt Marsh - Pier 1:Brooklyn Bridge Park, Michael Van Valkenburgh, Matthew Urbanski, Gullivar Shepard, Eric Rothstein
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This article details the design and construction of the Pier 1 salt marsh in Brooklyn Bridge Park, New York City. The construction of this humble wetland signals a shift in urban park-making, as it compelsvisitors to venture and engage with the water's edge, instead of viewing it from afar, separated from the waterfront by constructed barriers. This softening of the waters' edge represents an appreciation for the value of urban nature, and makes real the notion that urban parks can be more than an escape from the city—they can be a place to enjoy nature within the city.
The Role Of Design In Creatingsustainability In Tourism Development:The Case Of Bang Saen, Thailand, Daichi Iwase
The Role Of Design In Creatingsustainability In Tourism Development:The Case Of Bang Saen, Thailand, Daichi Iwase
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Tourism has become one of the largest and fastest growing economic sectors in the world, and it is predicted that the signifi cance of tourism will increase in the future. This long-term trend hasencouraged many governments in both developed and developing countries to adopt tourism as an engine of socio-economic development. The massive, rapid and promising growth of tourism provides greater opportunities for spreading prosperity but also contributes to the transformation of natural and cultural landscapes on which tourism depends. This paper will discuss the role of design in tourism development for maintaining the landscapes upon which the sustainability of …
Ecological Urban Design Visuality And Landscape, Victoria Marshall
Ecological Urban Design Visuality And Landscape, Victoria Marshall
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This essay describes a research project that aims to shape ecological urban design practice in two Asian Mega Deltas. This is important because many important ecological concepts such as urbanheterogeneity become more abstract when considered in relation to everyday life. However, these concepts are key to meeting sustainability goals through supporting the components of resilience. The research project engages heterogeneity through the type of democratic visuality and spatial imaginary afforded by aerial photography and satellite imagery. This inter-referenced visuality, created by airplanes, satellites, sensors, interfaces, and handheld devices, is new. It operates differently from older models of cartography, map, plan …
Categorization Of Landscape Elements For Housing Development:Practitioners Perspective, Ankita Srivastava, Yogesh Kumar Garg
Categorization Of Landscape Elements For Housing Development:Practitioners Perspective, Ankita Srivastava, Yogesh Kumar Garg
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
People living in urban areas have an aspiration to be in touch with nature, attractive environments, places where they can recreate, play and have leisure that enhances their health and well-being.To help achieve these desires landscape elements play a vital role and thus become an integrated part of everyday urban life. Resilient landscape can help to achieve "sustainability" at a macro level, "health" at a miso level and "well-being" at a micro level in urban areas. Most people spend maximum time at their home, experiencing various landscape elements during daily routines. These elements knowingly or unknowingly happen to be the …
Neighborhood Park For Children As A Resilient Landscape:In Terms Of Its Physical Feature, Silvia Alam, Shuahana Sharmin Choiti
Neighborhood Park For Children As A Resilient Landscape:In Terms Of Its Physical Feature, Silvia Alam, Shuahana Sharmin Choiti
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Due to the recent apartment development pattern in Dhaka city, the residential building sites are no longer providing open spaces for children's play areas. Scarcity of open places decreases children'soutdoor activity, which causes them to suffer in terms of physical and mental health. This crisis can be mitigated by public open spaces like parks, plazas and playing fi elds. Therefore neighborhood parks as a resilient landscape can play an important role in children's social, physical and psychological wellbeing at a local and proximal scale. The success of a neighborhood park for children depends on their appearance into the park at …
Discovering Landscape Urbanism Within Resilient Landscape:Searching From Natural Setting To Structured Ground, Ayasha Siddiqua
Discovering Landscape Urbanism Within Resilient Landscape:Searching From Natural Setting To Structured Ground, Ayasha Siddiqua
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Settlements in urban and rural areas treat landscapes differently. In urban areas within the structured layouts, the landscape is likely to be dominated by human activities; settlements in natural settingsrequire a more sensitive approach to landscapes. But in both cases landscapes are strong, driving forces to guide settlement design. This can range from details to larger arenas, direction of future requirements, adjustments to future growth, coping with probable diffi culties and providing alternate solutions. Landscape urbanism has inherited some issues and concepts derived from resilient landscapes. To search for urbanism within a resilient landscape this paper examines two distinct examples …
Analysis Of The Emergence And Decline Of Waterfront Markets In The Nakhonchaisri Basin: Based On Spatial Configuration, Tapanee Rattanathavorn, Pornchai Jittiwasurat
Analysis Of The Emergence And Decline Of Waterfront Markets In The Nakhonchaisri Basin: Based On Spatial Configuration, Tapanee Rattanathavorn, Pornchai Jittiwasurat
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This article has as its objective to explain the emergence and decline of waterfront markets in the Nakornchaisri basin, Nakornpathom Province, Thailand, with a focus on spatial confi gurationcharacteristics and spatial centrality using spatial confi guration analysis and principles. The analysis incorporates the theories of natural movement, movement economy process, and spatial centrality. The space syntax program was used in the analysis to produce a spatial model map representing transportation route networks of the past and the present for comparison to determine how and why the changes occurred. The study results reveal that waterfront markets experienced three major periods of …
Lao Immigrant Cultural Adaptation In Southwestern Louisiana's Urban Landscapes, Phanat Xanamane
Lao Immigrant Cultural Adaptation In Southwestern Louisiana's Urban Landscapes, Phanat Xanamane
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In their 30-year history in Iberia Parish, Louisiana, Lao immigrants have continually reasserted their identity through various social, economic, and cultural modes connected to a set of embedded relationsor ecologies. A unique set of adapted spatial typologies that reinforced Lao village culture and social networks on multiple scales emerge from the translation of the ecologies. Mappings, diagrams, and photomontages help reveal these settlement patterns and adaptations of space and building types. The paper offers a framework for how contemporary cultural groups can be studied through the lens of architectural and urban design theory. It shows how social groups like immigrants …
Integrating Conservation With Development Through Contextual Heritage Management - A Case For Mahasthan, Mohammad Sazzad Hossain
Integrating Conservation With Development Through Contextual Heritage Management - A Case For Mahasthan, Mohammad Sazzad Hossain
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Mahasthan has been identifi ed as ancient Pundranagar of the 3rd century BCE and represents the important provincial capital in Bengal. The site is already tentatively listed by the Department ofArchaeology for nomination as world heritage site. The remaining houses date from the 4th century BCE to the 18th century. The heritage site is facing rapid transformation due to the lack of proper conservation and management. The objective of this paper is to show how the use of conservation and management can be vehicles for sustainable development of the heritage site. The paper will explore underlying issues to bridge the …
Modifi Cation: Homes-Tay Approach For Urban Conservation Of Historical Building In Thailand, Naphasinee Suebsuk, Osamu Nakagawa
Modifi Cation: Homes-Tay Approach For Urban Conservation Of Historical Building In Thailand, Naphasinee Suebsuk, Osamu Nakagawa
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The conservation and restoration campaign along the Amphawa Canal started in 2001. Many development projects launched by public and private sectors bring in a large number of tourists; on the other hand, the development negatively impacts many traditional sites. One approach of the campaign is to revive traditional water-based tourism by stimulating the use of traditional buildings along the canal and modifying them to be used for commercial and tourist accommodation. purposes. This paper addresses the problems of conservation in the face of tourism. It mainly focuses on how private individuals modify historical structures and the users' points of view …
Conservation Of Spatial Centrality: A Case Study Of Markets In Ayutthaya Historic Town, Tapanee Rattanathavorn, Khaisri Paksukcharern, Wannasilpa Peerapun
Conservation Of Spatial Centrality: A Case Study Of Markets In Ayutthaya Historic Town, Tapanee Rattanathavorn, Khaisri Paksukcharern, Wannasilpa Peerapun
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This article's objective is to examine the transportation networks and spatial centrality of the markets in the historic town of Phra Nakorn, Sri Ayutthaya. The ultimate aim is to provide information whichcan serve as the basis for establishing guidelines for the preservation of the historic town's spatial centrality in an Asian context. With rivers surrounding it, Ayutthaya town is located on a small island with historical buildings covering over 70% of the town's area. The town is considered an enclave of relict morphological units. The central trading areas cannot expand or grow normally. In addition, the connectivity of transportation networks …
Preserving Urban Roots:The Case Of Shakhari Bazaar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Maher Niger
Preserving Urban Roots:The Case Of Shakhari Bazaar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Maher Niger
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This paper discusses how conservation activities in an historic urban settlement can be carried out in the most supportive manner. Conservation is not only preserving a few historic buildings butrather preserving the urban cultural heritage and the environment that gave birth to city culture. The importance of "Preserving Urban Roots", that is protecting historical cities through preservation, restoration and revitalization, is a universally accepted matter, but in reality it is a neglected issue. Historic urban quarters of old cities are often strongly characterized by environmental degradation and many of them are now suffering serious destruction and are losing their characteristics …
Lighting Design Approaches Forthe Heritage Conservation Of Thai Stupas, Phanchalath Suriyothin
Lighting Design Approaches Forthe Heritage Conservation Of Thai Stupas, Phanchalath Suriyothin
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Decorative lighting design is one factor enhancing night scenery. The Buddhist stupa is an outstanding cultural heritage example due to its physical form. It is also one of the important elements of the urban landscape in Thailand. This study is aimed at classifying architectural components of stupas through their visual characteristics. It also will analyze the sites and surroundings in Bangkok to fi nd an approach to lighting design that emphasizes stupas' shapes via light, shade, shadow and gradation of light. This paper argues that modern lighting contributes to the conservation of Buddhist heritage in Thailand by emphasizing the central …
Zamindar Houses Of The Colonial Period:General Delineation Of House Form, Spatial Organization And Design Considerations, A Case Study In Dhaka City, Abontika Sara Israt
Zamindar Houses Of The Colonial Period:General Delineation Of House Form, Spatial Organization And Design Considerations, A Case Study In Dhaka City, Abontika Sara Israt
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The development of architecture has occurred with rapid changes from every socio-economical per-spective in Bangladesh. In these versatile spectrums of colonial architecture, Zamindar houseswere the striking subject in both of local and European concepts. The concept of Zamindar had evoked a new dimension by the 'Permanent Settlement Act-1793', which for the fi rst time confi rmed the ownership of land by Zamindars in Colonial Period. This paper present the discussion of the architecture adopted in Zamindar houses of Dhaka city in a particular framework of time, context and form which will help to study the development of Zamindar house and …
The Conservation Of Traditional Waterfront Markets In Thailand, Siriwan Silapacharanan
The Conservation Of Traditional Waterfront Markets In Thailand, Siriwan Silapacharanan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Once the economic center of the water-based community, the traditional waterfront markets of the fl ood plains were surrounded by paddy fi elds and mixed orchards. The major mode of transportation waswater. The markets were trading centers for products from fresh-water and brackish areas, those from the sea as well as commodities from big cities such as Bangkok. With the development of inland transportation modes during the mid 20th century, the importance of these markets decreased, resulting in the relocation and the deterioration of the buildings. From 2002 the idea of transforming traditional waterfront markets into tourist attractions led to …
Local Initiatives In The Face Of Coastal Change: The Conservation Of Cultural Monuments On The Upper Gulf Of Thailand, Navanath Osiri
Local Initiatives In The Face Of Coastal Change: The Conservation Of Cultural Monuments On The Upper Gulf Of Thailand, Navanath Osiri
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Impacts of climate change and human interventions on coastal landscape have prompted local communities to preserve their cultural heritage as an emblem of local identity. This paper investigatesan adaptive response of local people to the conservation of cultural monuments affected by coastal inundation and shoreline retreat of the upper Gulf of Thailand. Though conservation measures demonstrate formal and structural alterations of monuments and sites, the cultural and social attachments between communities and monuments are still maintained.
Historic Preservation And Disaster Risk Preparedness: Critical Approaches In Managing Cultural Heritage In Indonesia, Widjaja Martokusumo, Lily Tambunan
Historic Preservation And Disaster Risk Preparedness: Critical Approaches In Managing Cultural Heritage In Indonesia, Widjaja Martokusumo, Lily Tambunan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Cultural heritage is increasingly threatened with destruction both by the natural causes and human-caused disaster. The key to effective protection of a cultural heritage at risk is advance planning andpreparation. Furthermore, these threats indicate the need of risk preparedness for cultural heritage management. This article deals with questions on relevant heritage considerations within a property's overall disaster prevention strategy and suggests an integrated conservation approach. As unveiled by the investigation of Institut Teknologi Bandung's campus facilities, this article will argue that besides the formal qualities the importance of disaster risk preparedness should be considered in managing highly valued cultural heritage.
Rethinking Intramuros: Threats, Values, And Possibilities In Modern Philippines, Ellen Hsieh
Rethinking Intramuros: Threats, Values, And Possibilities In Modern Philippines, Ellen Hsieh
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Intramuros, a walled historic Spanish urban landscape in the Philippines, is located at the heart of Metro Manila. Like most of the developing countries in Asia, Intramuros has facedserious confl icts between urban development and cultural preservation. This paper illustrates the full range of threats to Intramuros, including both natural and human factors, and reexamines the value of Intramuros in the Filipino context. According to these discussions, several recommendations will be given. Furthermore, the basic restoration policy of Intramuros will be questioned. The author calls for applying a wider interpretation to the cultural heritage management of the site.
Reclaiming The Lost Architectural Heritage Sompur Mahavihara:Through Conjectural Restoration, Tanzila Samad Choudhury
Reclaiming The Lost Architectural Heritage Sompur Mahavihara:Through Conjectural Restoration, Tanzila Samad Choudhury
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Sompur Mahavihara, presently known as Paharpur vihara is the second largest Buddhist vihara on the subcontinent and one of the most important archaeological sites in Bangladesh. This Buddhistmonastery, situated in Naogaon district was established when Buddhism attained its peak in Bengal under Dharmapala, second king of Pala dynasty in 8th century. But the mystery of its morphology is unknown. Little study has been done to reveal its actual form. As this monastery is important in the archaeological history of Bengal, an investigation is required to know what the central shrine and the monastery looked like and for morphological evaluation from …
Suan Nai Bangkok And Suan Nok Bangchang: The Emergence And Transformation Of Floating Markets In The Chao Phraya River Delta Of Thailand, Luxana Summaniti, Wannasilpa Peerapun, Khaisri Paksukcharern
Suan Nai Bangkok And Suan Nok Bangchang: The Emergence And Transformation Of Floating Markets In The Chao Phraya River Delta Of Thailand, Luxana Summaniti, Wannasilpa Peerapun, Khaisri Paksukcharern
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
This article aims to analyze the emergence and transformation of orchard-based fl oating markets in Suan Nai Bangkok in Thonburi district, Bangkok and Suan Nok Bangchang, Samut Songkhramprovinces on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River Delta, Thailand. Riverside settlements originated as ridge and groove orchard farming and developed into a complex water network of fl oating markets as the trading centers of the regional community. However, the development of roads as the main routes for transportation has altered the larger regional system from water to land-based distribution and communication. From an analysis using geo-informatics and the Space Syntax …
The Ghostless Garden City: Evaluating The Clean And Green Movement In Singapore, Jun Yi Ong
The Ghostless Garden City: Evaluating The Clean And Green Movement In Singapore, Jun Yi Ong
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The Garden City image of Singapore is visually projected through roadside tree-planting, parks and nature reserves. This image has been promoted by the Clean and Green Movement, which broadlyrefers to government policies that enforce regulations in relation to cleaning and greening. So far, literature concerning the Movement has focused on promoting the Garden City. On the contrary, this paper argues that the lack of the original sense of place through constructed greenery has lead to the Ghostless Garden City, which can also be seen as being authentic to Singapore.
The Future Needs The Past:Problems And Challenges Of Post-Cataclysm Heritage Management In Kotagede, Jogjakarta Special Province, Indonesia, Widjaja Martokusumo
The Future Needs The Past:Problems And Challenges Of Post-Cataclysm Heritage Management In Kotagede, Jogjakarta Special Province, Indonesia, Widjaja Martokusumo
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
In addition to traditional causes of decay, cultural heritage is increasingly threatened by natural disasters. Earthquakes interrupt the historical continuity of place making and create an opportunityto both reconstruct historical fabrics and to create new meanings and functions. As demonstrated in Kotagede, Jogjakarta Special Province, Indonesia, sustainable conservation should evolve with new contemporary needs and not be about making static museum places. Two case studies of post-calamity reconstruction illustrate the utilization of existing urban fabric, in which through redefi nition and reprogramming do not reveal solutions, but demonstrate the challenges in response to the urban dynamics after the 2006 earthquake.
The Signifi Cance Of Implicit Socio-Cultural Values In Self-Built Housing Transformation, Tareef Hayat Khan
The Signifi Cance Of Implicit Socio-Cultural Values In Self-Built Housing Transformation, Tareef Hayat Khan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Households' spatial needs change along with inhabitation. At certain points in time, these needs may reach a critical point when households decide to make changes in the usage of space. Moving or transforming are the two basic options. Studies show that irrespective of location or context, scale or affl uence, users prefer transforming instead of moving. Moreover, transformation can occur more than once during inhabitation. Besides being identifi ed as economicaly a more sustainable option, there are several explicit reasons behind the preference for transformation. But this study goes deeper and investigates the impact of implicit values behind those explicit …
Anthropological View Of Architecture: An Alternative Approach To Study Human Environments, Supakit Yimsrual
Anthropological View Of Architecture: An Alternative Approach To Study Human Environments, Supakit Yimsrual
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Architectural descriptions mostly focus on the material aspects of a building with relatively little said about the social life of the people who inhabit architecture. In recent decades, many architects andanthropologists have begun to connect architectural works with the development of social and cultural anthropology. The term "architectural anthropology" has been suggested to describe the interrelation between humans and their built environment. Based on historical documents, this paper outlines the development of architectural anthropology and aims to illustrate how this approach can help us to understand the relation between people, their ideas of the world and the creation of a …
Embankment Settlement In Bangladesh: A Study On The Self-Generated Pattern Of Vernacular Architecture, Masud Ur Rashid, Naimul Aziz
Embankment Settlement In Bangladesh: A Study On The Self-Generated Pattern Of Vernacular Architecture, Masud Ur Rashid, Naimul Aziz
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Due to the erosion caused by the aggressive river Jamuna in Sirajganj, Bangladesh, every year many villagers have move their homes. The poor, who cannot afford land at a safe distance fromthe aggressive river, generally move to the nearby fl ood protection embankment. Without any land ownership, the embankment settlement in some ways appears as a 'rural slum.' But the embankment settlement differs from traditional rural architecture. Scarcity of land and strong linear direction of the embankment control the total organization of the settlement. This paper is focused on the unique features of fl ood embankment settlement as a self …
Thermal Comfort In The Traditional Rural Bangladesh House, Rumana Rashid, Mohd. Hamdan Bin Ahmed, Sayem Khan
Thermal Comfort In The Traditional Rural Bangladesh House, Rumana Rashid, Mohd. Hamdan Bin Ahmed, Sayem Khan
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Bangladesh Traditional House (BTH) is considered to be a prime example of environmental design responses to regional conditions. The house forms, building styles and materials used in construction have signifi cant variations in different areas of Bangladesh, but one element in common is the design concept for the upper space. The upper space of BTH plays a vital role with diurnal variation of ambient environment to provide comfortable interiors. This paper analyses the above hypothesis in the traditional stilt house in the city of Dhaka. The analysis of actual performance of the traditional house may provide information on the effectiveness …
The Architecture Of Batak Toba: An Expression Of Living Harmoniously, Himasari Hanan, Surjamanto Wonorahardjo
The Architecture Of Batak Toba: An Expression Of Living Harmoniously, Himasari Hanan, Surjamanto Wonorahardjo
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Batak Toba people have a fi gurative imagination through which they orientate themselves to nature and the surrounding landscape. The architecture of the house is created to create a beautiful fi gure in the natural landscape as well as to act in moderating warm-humid climate. Dramatic roof forms have been developed as an expression of this culturally determined sensitivity towards natural forces and practical wisdom towards thermal comfort. Building a house deals with human needs within a structure of static and living components from the environment. Aesthetic qualities emerge genuinely out of the adaptive process within the corresponding multidimensional aspects …
Ecological Architecture With Vernacular Character: Contemporary Mud Architecture Practices In Bangladesh, Rumana Afroz, Mohammad Zakaria Ibne Razzaque
Ecological Architecture With Vernacular Character: Contemporary Mud Architecture Practices In Bangladesh, Rumana Afroz, Mohammad Zakaria Ibne Razzaque
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The vernacular construction technique of mud architecture in Bangladesh has been in practice for a long time and forms a major part of rural buildings. However, a lack of formal practice and patronagehas allowed the vernacular techniques to be neglected. Thus the indigenous architecture appears as incompatible with mainstream development and modern knowledge. Therefore, support is necessary to sustain vernacular mud architecture. This paper examines an internationally awarded case study where modern knowledge and ecological building techniques have been initiated as an inter-cultural initiative of mud architecture to improve the current situation. This paper intends to critically investigate how far …
Suburban Self-Suffi Cient Living: An Implementation Of The Philosophy Of Suffi Ciency Economy, Sirimas Hengrasmee
Suburban Self-Suffi Cient Living: An Implementation Of The Philosophy Of Suffi Ciency Economy, Sirimas Hengrasmee
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
Sufficiency signals a combination of having enough and being satisfi ed. In Thailand, the idea of sufficiency has been reintroduced as the philosophy of Sufficiency Economy. Self-reliance and self-sufficiency are playing a big part of its implementation. This paper suggests a hypothetical adaptation of suburban lifestyles under such philosophy, where the immediate environment of the house is considered the main source for exploitation of food, water, and energy. It illustrates the possibility of being more self-reliant at a household level. The link between outcomes and the reduction of environmental impacts through simple Ecological Footprint estimation affirms that practice of self-sufficiency …
Study On The Fire-Protection: Characteristics Of Green Spaces In Central Sakai City, Misato Kagioka, Yuji Hara, Kazuaki Tsuchiya
Study On The Fire-Protection: Characteristics Of Green Spaces In Central Sakai City, Misato Kagioka, Yuji Hara, Kazuaki Tsuchiya
NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)
The purpose of this study is to include among close-at-hand shelter zones urban green spaces other than parks, and to examine the safety that those spaces provide against fi res in terms of lot size,tree coverage ratio, and the fi re-protection functions of trees. For our study we chose the district in Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture. This study found that because the tree coverage ratio, which affects a shelter zone's defense against fi re, is changed by the effect of the tree canopy and not by lot size, it is necessary to use methods which ensure a good crown spread, …