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Articles 1921 - 1950 of 6103

Full-Text Articles in Architecture

The “East Side” Of Las Vegas: A Latinx Historical Framework, Nathalie Martinez Aug 2021

The “East Side” Of Las Vegas: A Latinx Historical Framework, Nathalie Martinez

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

Spanish heritage speakers in the United States are a reflection of everchanging linguistic and sociolinguistic pressures that result in myriad varieties across generations. This paper provides a preliminary historical framework to fill this gap of linguistic knowledge in the Spanish-speaking community of Las Vegas, Nevada. The goals were two-fold: (1) highlight the largest Spanish-speaking communities in Las Vegas and (2) explore the significance of the East Side in the history of the Latinx population of Las Vegas. Through the analysis of oral histories and historical works, the investigation highlights the Mexican, Salvadoran, and Cuban populations of Las Vegas and their …

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Qualitative Review Of Educational Interventions For Improving Physical Activity Behaviors In Older Asian Americans In The United States, Raisa Kabir, Manoj Sharma, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Chia-Liang Dai Aug 2021

Qualitative Review Of Educational Interventions For Improving Physical Activity Behaviors In Older Asian Americans In The United States, Raisa Kabir, Manoj Sharma, Sayeda Tazim Zaidi, Chia-Liang Dai

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

Physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits and minimizes chronic diseases and mental health issues, especially in older adults. The national survey data indicated that only 27.3% to 44.3% of older adults meet the recommended PA guidelines of 150 to 300 minutes/ week. There is limited data on PA behavior among older Asian American (AA) adults as very few to no local/national surveys have targeted these marginalized subgroups. This comprehensive review aims to identify existing PA intervention strategies and to update current knowledge on the effectiveness of these interventions to improve PA behavior among aging AA in the US. The …

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The Future Of The Live Entertainment Tax In Southern Nevada, Katie M. Gilbertson Aug 2021

The Future Of The Live Entertainment Tax In Southern Nevada, Katie M. Gilbertson

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

The Live Entertainment Tax (LET) in Nevada generated nearly one billion dollars during the 2019-2020 fiscal year. LET revenue all goes to the State General Fund, even though 97 percent of LET revenue is generated in Clark County. Nevada is experiencing an economic crisis, particularly in the tourism industry. Solutions from various fields suggest the best way to boost the local economy is to reinvest revenue in its original county. One policy solution Nevada policymakers should consider is to carve out a percentage of revenue generated by the LET to return directly back to Clark County to revitalize tourism.

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Diabetes Mellitus Affects Working Memory, Dylone C. Braganza, Emmanuel Flores, Lauren A. Crew, Ryan A. Wirt, Andrew A. Ortiz, Adam M. Mcneela, Jefferson W. Kinney, James M. Hyman Aug 2021

Diabetes Mellitus Affects Working Memory, Dylone C. Braganza, Emmanuel Flores, Lauren A. Crew, Ryan A. Wirt, Andrew A. Ortiz, Adam M. Mcneela, Jefferson W. Kinney, James M. Hyman

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) degrades the brain’s ability to remember, think, and carry out tasks. The exact cause is not known, but several risk factors have been identified, including diabetes mellitus (DM). DM causes elevated blood sugar levels due to reduced insulin production in the pancreas. The linkage between elevated glucose levels and the behavioral impairments are not fully understood, which was the focus of this study. Rats were trained to alternate directions in a maze to receive a reward on consecutive trials. After training, five rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ), which induces hyperglycemia by injuring pancreatic beta cells. Three …

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A Timeline Of Discovery And Current Research On Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma And Emergence Of Potentially Permanent Treatment Solutions, Yonosuke Dejesus, Guadalupe Moreno Ceballos Aug 2021

A Timeline Of Discovery And Current Research On Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma And Emergence Of Potentially Permanent Treatment Solutions, Yonosuke Dejesus, Guadalupe Moreno Ceballos

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This research examines the timeline of the discovery and research of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG). By reviewing the literature on genetic and molecular mechanisms, we aim to emphasize a long-term treatment solution (iSTENT) to mitigate intraocular pressure (IOP) related to POAG etiology and disease progression. POAG is a multifactorial, autosomal dominant, adult-onset eye disease wherein the optic nerve cells become damaged due to a buildup of excess aqueous humor, resulting in increased IOP. Consequently, POAG leads to progressive loss of peripheral vision and is the leading cause of blindness in the US. Due to the multifactorial nature of glaucoma’s inheritance …

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Racial Profiling: Understanding The Practice Of Stop-And-Frisk In New York City, Lisa Ly Aug 2021

Racial Profiling: Understanding The Practice Of Stop-And-Frisk In New York City, Lisa Ly

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

Racial profiling has become a prominent issue in modern policing today. Instead of being based on individual suspicion, racial profiling embodies a belief that people of color are continuously singled out by the police for scrutiny and harassment. Policies and procedures make the Black community vulnerable to police discrimination and racial profiling. Floyd et al. v. City of New York et al. (2013) declared that the New York Police Department’s (NYPD) practice of stop-and-frisk was racially profiling Black civilians. This study sought (1) to determine if the NYPD post-Floyd is still engaging in racial profiling towards Black civilians; and (2) …

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The Topes De Collantes Sanatorium: A Look At The Global Sanatorium Movement, The Climate Cure Theory, And How Tuberculosis Influenced Modern Architecture, Alex Del Dago Aug 2021

The Topes De Collantes Sanatorium: A Look At The Global Sanatorium Movement, The Climate Cure Theory, And How Tuberculosis Influenced Modern Architecture, Alex Del Dago

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

The Topes de Collantes Sanatorium in Cuba was constructed during a time in medical history when it was commonly believed that a specific climate played a strong role in tuberculosis treatment. My research paper addresses how the so-called “Climate Cure” theory spread throughout the Western hemisphere and influenced the construction of sleek, modern tuberculosis sanatoriums. Previous research and scholarship have looked at major TB sanatoriums in Europe and the United States in depth, however, little has been looked at TB sanatoriums in smaller countries such as Cuba. I seek to fill in this gap of tuberculosis’ history by taking a …

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Influence Of The Cleaning Operation On The Quality Of The Yarn., Rizk El-Bealy, Mahmoud Talat Aug 2021

Influence Of The Cleaning Operation On The Quality Of The Yarn., Rizk El-Bealy, Mahmoud Talat

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The object of the present work is to study the influence of the progress of cleaning operation on cleaning action, neps per gram and yarn characteristics. The results of industrial evaluations, using three varieties of Egyptian cotton fibers, To produce ring-spun yarns ranged from carded to combed qualities, are presented. For all cotton fibers, comparison of the processing performance of a three cleaning units with Masterclean concept are favourable to the new cleaning unit (MAC). The modern set alone provides up to 64% cleaning efficiency and lower lint loss at 460 kg/hr production. Also, the results emphasize the high trash …

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Smart Sprinkler System For Water Conservation, Rana A. Johar Aug 2021

Smart Sprinkler System For Water Conservation, Rana A. Johar

Effat Undergraduate Research Journal

One of the main problems facing modern cities is water scarcity. The increasing level of water wastage in the i r r igat ion system is an alarming problem. According to the 2030 vision, a reduction in water wastage is sought. This represents a strong motivation to create a simple device to achieve water efficiency. Home sprinkler water flow systems do not take into consideration the current state of the surroundings, which lead to high wastage of water. In this research paper, a conceptual smart travelling sprinkler composed of a water pump and a motion motor is proposed. The suggested …

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Traditional Domestic Architecture In Al-Baha Region, Renad M. Baabdullah Aug 2021

Traditional Domestic Architecture In Al-Baha Region, Renad M. Baabdullah

Effat Undergraduate Research Journal

Al-Baha region embraces rich area of inherited Saudi traditional architecture that is highly threatened of perishing, and poorly documented, including a UNESCO world heritage site at Zee Ain Village. In this research paper, different urban fabric patterns of Al-Baha’s villages, and building techniques of stone houses are explained and analyzed in relation to the thoroughly discussed contextual conditions. The research clarifies how the environmental and sociocultural context shapes traditional domestic units. Preliminary plans and digital models have been developed for case studies that required more precise interpretation; fulfilling the documentary goal, and the interpretive approach of the research.

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El Croquis Night: Excursus Into Nocturnal Obliteration In Architectural Media, Javier Fernández Contreras Jul 2021

El Croquis Night: Excursus Into Nocturnal Obliteration In Architectural Media, Javier Fernández Contreras

Interiority

El Croquis is one of the most prestigious architectural magazines in the world. Founded in 1982 by Richard Levene and Fernando Marquez, it publishes five monographs every year. The volumes dedicated to established Pritzker Prize names like OMA Rem Koolhaas, SANAA Sejima & Nishizawa, Herzog & de Meuron, Alvaro Siza or Rafael Moneo, are considered their respective oeuvre complète. The journal almost never publishes nocturnal photographs of interior spaces. The same goes for other major architecture magazines. In February 2020, HEAD – Genève invited Richard Levene to create a night edition of El Croquis. The workshop focused on the …

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Prioritising Storage Practices: A New Approach To Housing Design Thinking, Elena Marco, Katie Williams, Sonja Oliveira Jul 2021

Prioritising Storage Practices: A New Approach To Housing Design Thinking, Elena Marco, Katie Williams, Sonja Oliveira

Interiority

Inhabitants of UK housing have more possessions than ever, whilst space for living in standardised houses is at a premium. The acquisition of material possessions, and how it affects both space and inhabitants’ wellbeing, has not previously been considered in architectural practice or housing policy research fields. This paper addresses this gap, by exploring how practising architects design for the storage of material possessions in housing. For the first time, it places storage practices at the centre of housing design thinking, by engaging practising architects in a design intervention to explore original design solutions that support inhabitants’ lives and lifestyles, …

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Between Inhabited Interiors And Interiors On Display: Exploring Spatial Boundaries At Rosenborg Castle, Ane Pilegaard Jul 2021

Between Inhabited Interiors And Interiors On Display: Exploring Spatial Boundaries At Rosenborg Castle, Ane Pilegaard

Interiority

When visiting museums, we meet various types of physical barriers, such as glass vitrines, railings, and extended ropes, which have been put there to protect the objects on display. Such barriers are often accused of creating an unfavourable distance to museum objects but can also be thought of in more positive terms, as this article will seek to demonstrate. Based on analyses of museum display boundaries at Rosenborg Castle in Copenhagen, where visitors can experience objects from The Royal Danish Collection within historic interiors, the article looks into the effects of such boundaries on the museum experience. The article explores …

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The Public Interior Space Within Louvre Abu Dhabi Dome: A Visual Reflection, Karim Musfy, Marco Sosa, Lina Ahmad Jul 2021

The Public Interior Space Within Louvre Abu Dhabi Dome: A Visual Reflection, Karim Musfy, Marco Sosa, Lina Ahmad

Interiority

What defines an interior space? Is a traditional threshold the only building element considered as a clear component demarcating interiority from the outside environment? Could light or water be just as clear? How can scale challenge the identification of an internal space? Is a living space more identifiable as an interior volume? What about an internal courtyard for a family house outlining the beginning of a nation or the opposite extreme in the time-space continuum, a 24,000 square meters domed roof over a series of intimate spaces establishing a nation’s cultural intention internationally? Can a central space act as a …

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New Territories: Reimagined Interiorities, Lucy Marlor Jul 2021

New Territories: Reimagined Interiorities, Lucy Marlor

Interiority

At a time where boundaries within society, culture, and technology are continually challenged and redefined, even the commonly understood binary oppositions within areas such as gender, age, and digitality (Negroponte, 1995) are becoming less visible, measurable, and socially accepted. In this new realm where even physical reality is encroached upon by the digital, are the tangible and perceived distinctions between interior and architecture also becoming extinct? The emergence of more flexible and transitional space appears to not only blur the boundaries of inside and outside, interior and architecture, but also the previous distinctions of function. Space is no longer solely …

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Virtual Interiorities, Adam Nash, Kate Geck, Andy Miller Jul 2021

Virtual Interiorities, Adam Nash, Kate Geck, Andy Miller

Interiority

A practice of the virtual offers to interior design a dynamic conception of interiority that transcends simplistic representative notions of space, recognising the inseparable relationship of space and time, as well as an understanding of interiority as lived experience and its attendant amenability to active interpretation and therefore design. Ultimately, a practice of the virtual facilitates an understanding of interior as a dynamic and ongoing network of relations, and interior design as individuating participation in this network. In this article, we describe in detail an expanded notion of the virtual, and extrapolate how an understanding of this notion might help …

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Animated Interior, Paramita Atmodiwirjo, Yandi Andri Yatmo Jul 2021

Animated Interior, Paramita Atmodiwirjo, Yandi Andri Yatmo

Interiority

An animated interior represents a departure from the idea of interior space as a permanent and timeless entity. The understanding of animated characters in the interior allows for the emergence of our complex relationship with space through various forms of engagement. The understanding of an animated interior offers further possibilities that become the basis of design practice. This issue of the Interiority journal presents a collection of inquiries and approaches that reveal various animated qualities of the interior in various contexts. The articles address the character of the interior, which is dynamic and dependent upon various temporal conditions of inhabitation. …

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Grafting Interiority: Generative Methodologies Between The Natural And The Synthetic, Rana Abudayyeh Jul 2021

Grafting Interiority: Generative Methodologies Between The Natural And The Synthetic, Rana Abudayyeh

Interiority

Design is approaching a crucial period where the exchange between interior and exterior systems needs to be rethought and addressed from the standpoint of resilience and innovative environmental responses. The era of the detached interior bubble that is climate controlled and therein severed from natural systems is no longer justified or feasible. Interior spaces must respond to environmental conditions and proactively engage natural systems. The paper examines grafting methodology as an interior spatial formula that aims to generate complex sectional strategies for new programmatic typologies. It showcases work from a third-year interior architecture studio where students utilised natural landscapes as …

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Designing With Users: A Participatory Design As A Community Engagement Program In The City Zoo, Yulia Nurliani Lukito, Nevine R. Kusuma, Enira Arvanda, Zafira R. Ummah Jul 2021

Designing With Users: A Participatory Design As A Community Engagement Program In The City Zoo, Yulia Nurliani Lukito, Nevine R. Kusuma, Enira Arvanda, Zafira R. Ummah

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

This article discusses a participatory design project that aims at creating a collaborative design among architectural students, visitors, and zoo management in designing street furniture and selfie spots in city zoos. Participatory design is used in the design process to get the users’ and designers’ interpretation of the space, improve design outcomes, and increase the community awareness of their surroundings. As part of the Universitas Indonesia Community Engagement Program, the zoo design project fosters a collaborative design between the university and zoo community and supports the educational, conservational, and recreational goals of Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta. Designing street furniture and …

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40 Sets Of Strong Ground Motion Records Convey All Design Response Spectrums Located In Tartous, Syria, Dr. Seraj Jdyd Jul 2021

40 Sets Of Strong Ground Motion Records Convey All Design Response Spectrums Located In Tartous, Syria, Dr. Seraj Jdyd

Journal of the Arab American University مجلة الجامعة العربية الامريكية للبحوث

Selecting seismic records in Global Standards is, until now, based on matching design response spectrum, where records should have seismological characteristics similar to the expected earthquake for the considered site (magnitude, distance, fault mechanism and soil conditions). Then it is necessary to scale these records to match the intensity of the earthquake expected for the site. Generally, scaling can be made by ground motions uniform scaling in time domain to best match (in average) the target spectrum within a period range of interest. Design ground motions are typically prescribed by smooth response spectra. But it is preferred to use a …

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Web-Based Ives For User Experience Evaluation In The Architecture Studio, Faithful Oladeji Jul 2021

Web-Based Ives For User Experience Evaluation In The Architecture Studio, Faithful Oladeji

Frameless

Research on the use of immersive virtual environments (IVEs) in architectural design has rapidly permeated the practice for the last few decades, largely driven by a single prospect: the possibility of sufficiently simulating the genuine interactions and experiences of a design well before it is actually built. The implications of this achievement when fully realized would revolutionize the profession, effectively igniting a new period of David Harvey’s space-time compression in the industry, such that IVEs would enable designers to, symbolically, cross temporal distances, and bring a legitimate experience of their final products to the present, at any point in their …

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How Mixed Reality Will Impact Product Design, Wyatt Coe Jul 2021

How Mixed Reality Will Impact Product Design, Wyatt Coe

Frameless

Mixed reality technology promises to merge our digital and physical worlds, unlocking new realms of experience and design. Designers must consider how this will impact future products and experiences now, to identify the most desirable solutions and applications of this technology. The capability of software to simulate reality could fundamentally shift the way we produce and experience physical and digital products, allowing for simplified physical products that support digital experiences.

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Riyadh Neighborhood Residents’ Use And Satisfaction With Urban Green Spaces, Tahar Ledraa, Majed Hallawani, Awad Al-Qahtani Jul 2021

Riyadh Neighborhood Residents’ Use And Satisfaction With Urban Green Spaces, Tahar Ledraa, Majed Hallawani, Awad Al-Qahtani

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Neighborhood urban green spaces are indispensable elements for residents’ rest and recreation. They are also of paramount importance to enhance quality of life within neighborhoods. However, these urban green spaces did not receive much research interest, particularly in cities of the developing world. Larger city parks seem to have been the focus of studies. The present study is undertaken under the contention that dissatisfaction with a service is the difference between what is expected from that service and what is really experienced out of it. The gap between expectancy and what is experienced in reality would lead to how satisfied …

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Spinning Behaviour Of Egyptian Cotton/Waste Blends On Open End Spinning System., S. Ibrahim, Rizk El-Beally Jul 2021

Spinning Behaviour Of Egyptian Cotton/Waste Blends On Open End Spinning System., S. Ibrahim, Rizk El-Beally

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Long and medium cotton wastes, either individually or blended with lower grades of cotton were blended to produce open-end yarns. The effect of blending ratios of the waste on the properties of produced yarn have been exaimend. Different blowing rooms, single and tandem card, one and two drawing passages were used to process the silvers for open-end yarns. In addition BD 200 Rc and platt sacelowell open-end spinning machines were used. It was found that the waste of long staple Egyptian cotton, containing considerable amount of good fibres is suitable for open-end processing. Blended wastes of long fibres with lower …

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Determination Of The Total Phenolic Content, Total Antioxidant Capacity And Radical Scavenging Activity Of Jordanian Royal Jelly And Honey Samples, Hamed Takruri, Ranim Alkhedr Jul 2021

Determination Of The Total Phenolic Content, Total Antioxidant Capacity And Radical Scavenging Activity Of Jordanian Royal Jelly And Honey Samples, Hamed Takruri, Ranim Alkhedr

Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات

Honey and royal jelly are two functional bee-hive products with antioxidant activity.This study aimed at investigating the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging activity of royal jelly, multiflora honey and citrus honey. Royal jelly, multiflora honey, and citrus honey samples were analyzed for the total phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteau method, for total antioxidant capacity using FRAP assay. Also, DPPH assay was used for assessing radical scavenging activity. The results revealed that the total phenolic contents, the total antioxidant capacities, as well as DPPH scavenging activities of RJ were higher than those of Multifloral and citrus honey,. Furthermore, …

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Building Services Engineering July/August 2021 Jul 2021

Building Services Engineering July/August 2021

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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The Literary Controversies Of Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling, Victoria Duehring Jun 2021

The Literary Controversies Of Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling, Victoria Duehring

The Forum: Journal of History

This literary review will focus on Michelangelo’s most significant work of color: the Sistine ceiling. Michelangelo’s work has spawned a plethora of literature, but this paper will focus on three main controversial topics: assistants (or lack thereof), the ignudi’s purpose, and restoration. I will also apply a psycho-historical approach to these controversies and identify potential avenues for future research.

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Technology Of Mobility Hubs In Autopian Futuristic Cities, Mohamad Abdallah M.Abdallah, Marwan Halabi, Hiba Mohsen, Maged Youssef Jun 2021

Technology Of Mobility Hubs In Autopian Futuristic Cities, Mohamad Abdallah M.Abdallah, Marwan Halabi, Hiba Mohsen, Maged Youssef

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Utopias envision perfect societies, however in practice, when imperfect humans attempt perfection they fail miserably. Hence, if Utopia means no place, then Autopia is the alternative place where progress is steadfast and measured by securing a better world for tomorrow. In 2012, the UN issued a report stating that population growth will increase exponentially, reaching up to 9 billion by 2040. The report also states that melted ice due to global warming will eventually cover up to 7% of the world’s land. At this rate, humans will require three times the earth’s land area to keep up with their required …

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Optimization Of Supermarket Checkout Counters Using Integrated Greedy Algorithm, Ramzi Fayad, Hadi Abou Chakra Jun 2021

Optimization Of Supermarket Checkout Counters Using Integrated Greedy Algorithm, Ramzi Fayad, Hadi Abou Chakra

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Supermarkets worldwide are facing a service dilemma whether to increase or decrease their number of counters used at checkouts. A higher number of checkouts will undoubtedly reduce waiting time at checkout, a factor in improving customer satisfaction and service quality but this will come at a cost to the Supermarket. The work conducted in this paper will therefore focus on this tradeoff between improving the customer shopping experience versus the Supermarket Cost and profitability margins. It will do so by using an optimization algorithm that can help find the optimum number of checkouts and utilization of staff resources. The optimization …

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An Improvement Of Cross Entropy Thresholding For Skin Cancer, Nancy Aref Zreika N, A. Zreika, Ali El Zaart, Abdallah Al Shakik Jun 2021

An Improvement Of Cross Entropy Thresholding For Skin Cancer, Nancy Aref Zreika N, A. Zreika, Ali El Zaart, Abdallah Al Shakik

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Image processing procedures in medical diagnosis are used to improve diagnosis accuracy. An example of this is skin cancer detection using the thresholding approach. Thus, research studies involved in identification of inherited mutations predisposing family members to malignant melanoma have been performed in the Cancer Genetics field. Melanoma is one of the deadliest cancers, but could be cured when diagnosed early. A fundamental step in image processing is segmentation that includes thresholding, among others. Thresholding is based on finding the optimal thresholds value that partitions the image into multiple classes to be able to distinguish the objects from the background. …

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