Architecture Commons^™

A Legal Perspective On Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr), Tala Zein, Sarah Zein

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

Recent years have been marked by a remarkable decline in trust and confidence in the economy as well as in the business community, as a growing number of economic scandals are being reported by observers and whistleblowers. The need for better governance and higher ethical standards has become a focal issue for governments, regulators, supervisors and business actors themselves. In this context, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has come to play an increasingly important role in business and corporate regulation, paving the way for ethical business practices, as the concept of corporate social responsibility encompasses key components of economic growth, social …

Dénonciation D’Un Monde Dégradé Et Rite Du Bouc Émissaire Dans L’Archipel Du Chien De Philippe Claudel, Sophie N. Salloum

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The story of L’Archipel du chien treats the problem of the migrants’ attempt to reach Europe. Three young black’s corpses are found on the shore of a little island where people live a peaceful live. The Mayor and the Doctor and those who saw the corpses decide to dispose of the corpses and keep silent about their presence. The Teacher refuses to be part of this scheme. He becomes the scapegoat for the community’s members who see him as a threat for their happiness. In this apologue, the author denounces the indifference of the Europeans authorities in de face of …

جدليّة الوطن والانتماء وأثرها في المجتمع بين سعيد عقل وأحمد مطر, Samir Itani

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The term Motherland wasn’t used by the ancient Arab writers and poets, and even if it was mentioned it would mean the house or the residence, as for the concept of the motherland, as identified nowadays, it didn’t exist in the era before Islam or the Middle ages, but it started emerging during the 19th century, when the national sense developed at the Arabs, and they were introduced to this concept by the western culture which invaded all the east.Among the models which the researcher poet “Said Akel” may study, a Lebanese whose thoughts match with those who attempt to …

Nouvelles Technologies Et Connaissances Abondantes : Enjeux Socio-Didactiques, Mohammed Al Khatib

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The use of new technologies in all areas of life becomes essential especially as a mean of communication. Social networks are important in the communication of individuals and establishments. Many departments, private and public establishments have an account on Facebook or Twitter which they use as an official mean of communication. As new technologies provide us with open and accessible means of communication that make our lives easier, some people use them in ways that can harm our society. Schools and families must play a role in teaching children to sort through digital information and check the credibility of the …

المسؤولية الاجتماعية بين المفهومين التقليدي والحديث, Mohamed A. Kozy

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

There is a wrong belief that the social responsibility is a modern concept that started in the twentieth century and the fact is that this concept started at the dawn of religions. Prophets preached for good moral, ethics value and deed. Today there is a dedicated date for the social responsibility, which is the 25th of September. Since we currently live in a rapidly changing world, the concept of social responsibility was not an exception and the change applied to it manifested in companies and corporates that started applying the new concept to reflect a beautiful image on its interaction …

Mental Health Among University Students, Mayssah El-Nayal, Helga Alaeddine

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The study entitled “Mental Health in a Sample of University Students in Lebanon” aims at examining the differences in an important variable, namely mental health, between male and female university students. Mental health is a general trend that aims at preserving an individual’s mental health, their mental functions, as well as to protect them from mental disorders and reduce the rate of occurrence, to attain a healthy personality. To achieve the objectives of the study, the Arabic Scale of Mental Health, developed by Abdel-Khalek (2016) was administered to a sample that consisted of 249 students at Beirut Arab University, from …

ضمير الفصل: المصطلح والوظيفة نظرة حديثة في ضوء علم الأصوات, Khalil Ajineh

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The study of grammatical structure in the light of the methods provided by phonology is a requirement worth consideration and scientific accompaniment of linguistic studies. Among these structures covered in this research are the structures of the nominal sentence that employs the pronoun referred to by grammarians as the chapter pronoun. The research is an attempt to obtain a new understanding of the function of this pronoun, distinct from the interpretations given by old-timers, in light of what is known in phonology as intonation or music of speech, which is considered a basic pillar and an important verbal context in …

أطر الكتابة الساخرة في المواقع الإعلامية العربية المتخصصة, Iman Aleywan

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

Amid the great decline in the ceiling of freedom in the Arab countries where the media confronts a constantly deterioration situation, as stated in the 2018 report by “Reporters Without Borders”, satirical journalism seems to be a refuge for the writers to criticize their regimes indirectly and a means to avoid arrest and imprisonment. As the humor and irony in the golden age of the newspapers, were a space to express the forbidden and to state an opposition to the authority, the Internet has allowed the emergence of several media sites that provide “inaccurate and false news” on purpose to …

التأريخ ومسؤولية المؤرخ في تصحيح وإعادة كتابة التاريخ المؤامرات والتدخلات الدولية في لبنان 1840 – 1860 نموذجاً, Hassan Hallak

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

Recording history is an art developed by ancient nations, and continues to be used in modern and contemporary history. The historian shoulders the scientific, social, political, economic and educational responsibility in all times and places, since recording history reflects the developments of life in every city, state and nation. This is why a historian needs to be honest, truthful, well-informed and insightful. At the same time, a historian adopts a scientific methodology through which events, ideas and developments are presented in accordance with research ethics. The aim is to attain higher meanings and goals as well as noble aspirations in …

أثر التكنولوجيا على التغيير البنائي للأسرة المعاصر, Doha Al-Achkar

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

Nowadays there are many different types of family compared to 50 years ago when the ‘nuclear’ family, considered the ‘normal’ one, was the most dominant type. Affected by the advancement of many aspects, particularly technology, communication and globalization, the main changes have been changes to marriage and partnership as well as changes to children and families. In respect to changes to marriage fewer people, who are getting married later in life, are getting married nowadays with higher divorce rate. However, in regard to partnership, more couples are now living together without marriage –co-habitation with an increased number of same sex …

L’Europe Face Au Désir D’Europel’Europe Face Au Désir D’Europe, Carole Auroy

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

In Eldorado (2006), Laurent Gaudé confronts a man from Europe with the desire for Europe directed at him, thru the characters of a Sicilian coastguard and the migrants he rescues to hand them over to the authorities in charge of turning them back. The novel, which recounts the intertwined trajectories of the Italian captain, torn apart by his contradictory functions, and a young Sudanese migrant, makes us hear the challenge addressed by Eldorado’s dream to an existence losing its meaning. The reception of the book has enhanced its humanistic scope and the author has clearly pleaded, in his public interventions, …

ملامح دور الشاعر محمود درويش في المجتمع الفلسطيني, Bashir Faraj

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

The Palestinian Nakba in 1948 had a clear impact on the Arab nation in general and on the Palestinians in particular. This has aroused the feelings of writers and poets who had a significant literary and heritage role that is characterized by the sincerity of passion and the dexterity in depicting the Nakba. The meanings that came in the poetry, and especially that of Mahmoud Darwish, who is of a Palestinian origin, have had a great impact on the Palestinian community. In his poetry, Mahmoud Darwish expresses a clear desire to form an important basis for his militant ideology, which …

الخصائص السيكو مترية للصورة العربية للإصدار الثاني من قائمة الخمسة الكبار, Bader M. Al-Ansari, Talal B. Alali

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the second Edition of The Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) in Kuwait. This study used independent Three samples with the total of (2977) undergraduates (male=1116 & female=1861) from Kuwait University student in order to assess reliability, validity. The BFI-2 alpha cronbach coefficients ranged between 0.75 and 0.82 for males and between 0.74 and 0.81 for females. The explanatory factor analysis of BFI-2 extracts five factors (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to experience, Consciousness, Agreeableness). The criterion validity has been reveled quite high inter correlation between BFI-2 and NEO-PI-R facets.

الملخص: …

Forensic Linguistics: An Applied Theory, Adel Sakakini

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

This article demonstrates how forensic linguistics is a necessary means to most of the pathological fields of life. The theme of this article revolves around forensic linguistics and its applicability in academic research. Forensic linguistics is the systematic study of language latitudes in particular contexts for forensic purposes. As a new academic discipline, it holds the role of developing methodical linguistic standards in order to enhance not only English language, but also universal language. It provides language with aspects that help in solving linguistic problems. It also introduces language as a collective medium for better communication. Being a subfield of …

Le Vivre Ensemble Et Les Interactions Sociales : Vers Une Approche Interactionniste, Abdelfettah Idrissi

BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior

We live in a society, which is in a perpetual motion, a society focused on economy, individualism, and globalization. In the era of new technologies, the media broadcasts to us all day long events steeped in violence, atrocities of all kinds, competition, egoism, and the list goes on in view of what we suffer daily at an audiovisual level. We wonder if the values of living together, including human, ethical and moral values, are still relevant or should we believe that they are obsolete? Are we individualistic to the point of living each one at home, for oneself, without worrying …

The Participatory Approach For Waterfront Development In Mediterranean Countries. A Case Study Of Tripoli, Lebanon Waterfront, Sima El-Cheikh

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Public waterfronts are considered an important touristic target in coastal cities. The development of these spaces is affected by many social, economic and political issues. Public participation has been an important tool for communities to influence the making of public spaces. This research aims to develop a participatory approach for waterfront development in Mediterranean countries by studying people behavior and activities on public waterfronts and investigating the socio-economic factors that influence the usage of these areas. It is a bottom-up approach that analyzes how activities emerged from people needs. This research is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches that …

Psychological And Physiological Effects Of Integrating Building Envelopes With Parametric Patterns In Office Workers, Ahmed Rashwan

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The building envelope has become an active element that allows the building to interact with the context of the surrounding environment. The integration of the envelope with architectural design patterns significantly affects the efficiency of the working environment space in the office buildings, where the resulting effect of this integration plays an important role in providing daylighting, visibility and view; which affects the comfort, performance and productivity of users in an office space. This research study aims to identify the physiological and psychological effects on office employees resulting from the integration of the building envelope and openings with one of …

Retrieving Memories Of Alexandria's Past By Revitalizing The Heritage Of Kom El-Dekka, Dina Nassar, Riham Ragheb

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Across the history of dealing with problems of increasing poverty in historic city centers of developing countries, studies have indicated high levels of demand and strong support for urban revitalization projects compared to other solutions such as; relocation or clearance and redevelopment. In such historic inner city centers, heritage can become a driver for development. Revitalization projects that demonstrate a concern for affordability for less wealthy citizens has become the best alternative to meet the needs of the citizens and small businesses in such deteriorated areas in old city centers. Preparing Alexandria for the 21st century has to take into …

Measuring Public Spaces Identity In Jeddah Corniche, Walaa El- Sayed Yoseph

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Jeddah; as an Arabian city; has a unique inherited social image in its public spaces. Over long generations, Arabs used to head to the deserted areas, away from inhabited zones or along the coastal lines to spend a social time with their families and friends, practicing some outdoor recreational activities, as hunting, barbecuing, or picnicking. This inherited social image moved into open public spaces inside Arabian cities. Architecturally, it is required a delicate design that reflects this unique character and responds to its requirements. Since the 1970s, Jeddah Corniche development is according to universal style, regardless this special character of …

Potentials For Creative Urban Development At Kom El-Dekka- Alexandria, Dina Nassar, Riham Ragheb

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Can Alexandria lead a future as its bright past? To raise this question, it is important to understand its past and present. Alexandria is a Mediterranean city and the second largest city in Egypt after Cairo. It was home to the Ancient Pharos Lighthouse and Library of Alexandria. Alexandria was once, not only the center of its region, but of the entire world. Now, merely any physical evidence of this history exists. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Alexandria became known as a cosmopolitan center of Mediterranean culture, economy and trade. These unique layers of cultural identity are …

Performance Improvement Plan In Building Processaccording To Quality Leaders And Quality Improvement Tools And Techniques, Khaled El-Daghar

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The purpose of the study is to apply quality improvement tools and techniques to find out the root causes of performance problems in the building process. Performance refers to the way people do their jobs and the results of their works, seeking to solve a performance problem frequently implement a specific intervention, such as training without fully understanding the nature of the problem, or determining whether or not the chosen intervention is likely to succeed. Performance improvement approaches using a systematic methodology to find these root causes, and then implement interventions that applies to specific performance deficits. Performance improvement indicators …

The Impact Of Atriums On Thermal And Daylighting Performance, Kareem S. Galal

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The energy crisis is one of the main focuses of attention across the world. Atrium spaces have become a main part of most public buildings all over the world, regardless of their environmental aspects. The arguments of a good space, the psychological atmosphere and the impact on energy consumption are the main problems that face any designer, environmental designers in particular. In atrium design, there is more than one aspect to be considered; architectural, functional, economic, environmental, construction and psychological aspects are the main aspects that should be considered in the early design stage. The environmental aspect is the most …

Prospects Of Walkability In City Neighborhoodscase Study: The City Center Of Alexandria, Amira Mohamed Said Ammar

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Sustainability, livability and quality of life have become widely discussed issues in the literature of urban planning and design. This study primarily aims to investigate the concept of walkability as a part of livability. To draw a wider theoretical framework for this study, it first seeks to define the terms of ‘livability’ and ‘quality of life’. Then, it focuses on the concept of ‘walkability’ as one of the major components of these terms and as a measurable notion in urban design. Thus, this research seeks to identify a set of indicators of walkability in public spaces to be used for …

Historical Edge Assessment: Spatial Comparative Analysis, Nabil Mohareb

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

This paper develops a quantitative analysis method that is capable of examining the urban edges of historic cities with reference to their spatial configuration. This aim provides the opportunity for assessing the current situation of historic urban edges. Accordingly, this assessment will help in developing appropriate regeneration plans for the site. Second, it enhances the process of comparison with other cases, in order to inherit those successful interventions that might fit according to base similarities, such as the spatial configuration, architectural characteristics, or other features, in addition, searching for any repetitive patterns. Assessing the current situation requires the evaluation of …

Spatial Learning Landscape (Sll) In The Campus Of The Digital Age, Marwa Charkas

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Values controlling campus articulation are mainly rooted in the 'Connectivity' value. Its interpretation exceeds just the physical connections inside the campus to the wider links between the academia and the society. The digital age has thoughtful impacts on the way that every aspect of the life is performing. The campus' shaping values have changed considerably and the connectivity came at the heart of these changes. The way the students are connected to each other's, to their tutors, and even to the place is replaced. In addition, this technological revolution has profoundly wedged the business domain, restructuring the linkage between academia …

Preoperative Patient Education On Length Of Stay Of Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgeries: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Layal Al-Neamani, Sarah Al-Dirawi, Samira Aranaout, Hiba Deek

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Hip and knee replacement surgeries are complex procedures with many risks and complications post-surgery. Patient education preoperatively has shown to limit some of these complications but nothing is reported on the effect of preoperative education on the length of stay in Lebanon. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of a structured preoperative education to patients undergoing selected orthopedic surgeries. A pilot study for a randomized controlled trials (RCT).The study was conducted at Al Zahraa Hospital and Rafic Hariri University Hospital (RHUH). The study was introduced to potential participants, baseline data was collected and then patients were …

Selective H-Point Standard Addition And Double Divisor Ratio Derivative Chemometric Methods For Determination Of Ternary Mixture Of Cardiovascular Drugs, Marwa El Jamal, Azza Gazy

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Green analytical chemistry is concerned with the development of analytical procedures that minimize consumption of hazardous reagents and solvents, and maximize safety for operators and environment. Chemometrics, considered as green analytical chemistry, have become one of the important mathematical and statistical techniques for the resolution of overlapping spectra of multi component mixtures. This work relates simple, accurate and specific analytical chemometric techniques for the simultaneous determination of a ternary mixture of co-administered cardiovascular drugs (Ticagrelor (TICA), Irbesartan (IRB) and Hydrochlorothazide (HCT)). The different applied Chemometric methods are based on H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) and Double divisor ratio spectra Derivative …

Evaluation Of Extruded Debris Amount During Instrumentation Using Reciprocation Vs. Full Rotation Techniques: In Vitro Study, Belal Taouk, Roula Abiad, Nayer Abo Elsaad

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Apical extrusion of infected debris into the periradicular tissues during endodontic instrumentation may lead to postoperative pain and flare-up. Debris usually contain dentine chips, necrotic pulp tissue, microorganisms and irrigant. The existing studies are inconclusive about which engine-driven system pushes less debris in the apical direction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris associated with full rotation single-file nickel–titanium instrumentation systems compared to another system used in reciprocation motion. Methodology: After approval of BAU institutional review board, twenty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were randomly assigned to two groups (n=10 per group), …

Clinical Evaluation Of Soft Tissue Healing Using Diode Laser Versus Conventional Scalpel After Micro-Endodontic Surgery, Mohammad Al Shammaa, Roula Abiad, Nayer Abo Elsaad

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Micro-endodontic surgery attempt to minimize trauma and enhance esthetics soft tissue surgical results. Wound healing monitoring is performed for early identification of signs and symptoms related to surgical complications. The aim of this study was to compare surgical wound healing of soft tissue flap after using conventional scalpel and diode laser in micro-endodontic surgery. Methodology: This study was carried out as a randomized controlled clinical trial after taking approval of BAU institutional review board. Fourteen healthy patients were indicated for root end surgery; full mucoperiosteal tissue flap incision was done by using Bard-Parker Blades (Group I) and(Group II) Diode Laser …

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice For Healthcare Workers And Clinical Students About Infection Control Measures Awareness At Hospitals, Souhad Safadi, Esin Kavuran, Hanan Al Nuqiadan, Ahmad Tassi, Mirna Fawaz

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Healthcare-associated infections are a major global public health concern. Health care workers are on the front line of protecting themselves and clients from infection, through preventing the transmission of nosocomial infections and that is through the implementation of infection control measures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention among healthcare workers at Lebanese hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was implemented in the study, where the sample included 240 participants (80 nurses, 80 medical lab, and 80 clinical students). Participants were surveyed using pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that …