Architecture Commons^™

Institutional Controls For Contaminated Sites: Help Or Hazard, Mary R. English, Robert B. Inerfeld

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors discuss the different institutional controls available to control long term site remediation of hazardous waste to prevent exposure to residual contamination.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Crippling Capacity Of Web Elements With Openings, Roger A. Laboube, W. W. Yu, S. U. Deshmukh, C. A. Uphoff

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Commonly used cold-formed steel sections utilized as either wall studs or floor joists contain web holes. The web holes may be factory punched or field cut. Because the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members does not address the potential impact that a web hole can have on the structural integrity of the cold-formed steel member, research was necessary. Researchers at the University of Missouri-Rolla have explored the behavior of a flexural member that possesses a web hole. The scope of the UMR research includes flexure, shear, web crippling, and combinations thereof. The present paper will summarize the …

Optimized Calibration For Unsteady Flow Modeling Using A Genetic Algorithm, Daniel Sanchez, Jerome A. Westphal

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The calibration of an unsteady flow model generally relies on the estimation of roughness coefficients, which act as descriptors of friction resistance along the channel. Here an optimized procedure is implemented by incorporating a genetic algorithm (GA) to automate the process. This approach is suitable because discrete parameters are considered. The target is a one-dimensional unsteady flow model in which the roughness coefficient is allowed to vary not only along the river axis, but also dynamically with discharge. The objective function is the root mean square of the difference between measured and computed water levels at a given cross section. …

Stage-Discharge Relations On The Middle Mississippi River, Jerome A. Westphal, D. B. Thompson, Glendon Taylor Stevens, C. N. Strauser

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Based on measurements made on the Middle Mississippi River during the 1993 flood, stage-discharge relations for the rating curve are not single-valued. Analyses of these data suggest that the range of flow rates at a given stage is larger than that attributable to measurement replication error alone. Patterns of stage-discharge measurements also imply a tendency toward hysteresis. However, neither changes in stage nor changes in flow rate correlate with short-term scour and fill at gauging sites.

Liquefaction Of Silts And Silt-Clay Mixtures, Tianqiang Guo, Shamsher Prakash

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Low plasticity silts and silty clays occur extensively in the central United States. For evaluating their liquefaction potential during an earthquake, no guidelines are available based on their density, void ratio, plasticity index, standard penetration values, or any other simple soil property. Their liquefaction behavior is not properly understood at present and is often confused with that of sand-silt mixtures. Pore water pressures and liquefaction in silt and silt-clay mixtures are discussed, and the influences of plasticity index on their cyclic strength are reviewed critically. It is concluded that considerable additional work is needed to fully understand the liquefaction behavior …

Biological Fixed-Film Systems, Mark W. Fitch, Jeffrey B. Murphy, Stephen S. Sowell

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Microbiological Degradation of Wastewater and its Application using a Fixed-Film Reactor is Reviewed. the Technical and Technological Characteristics, as Well as the Efficiency of Nitrification and Denitrification Processes Were Taken into Consideration. the Review Elucidated the Experimental Measurements of Effective Diffusive Permeabilities and Effective Diffusion Coefficients of Biofilms.

Natural Treatment And On-Site Processes, Kevin D. White, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Natural Treatment Systems, Which is Divided into Land-Treatment, Wetland, Aquatic, Onsite and Small Community, and Phytoremediation Systems, Are Discussed. This Include the Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands, Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands, Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands,ponds, Floating Aquatic Plant Systems, Solar Aquatic Systems, Small Treatment Systems, and In-Ground Disposals.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Predictive Relationships For Uptake Of Organic Contaminants By Hybrid Poplar Trees, Joel Gerard Burken, Jerald L. Schnoor

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Twelve Organic Compounds Commonly Found at Hazardous Waste Sites Were Studied for Uptake by Hybrid Poplar Trees. the Vegetative Uptake of Many of These Compounds Has Not Previously Been Demonstrated for Plant Species Being Utilized for Phytoremediation, Such as Hybrid Poplar Trees. Experiments Were Conducted Hydroponically Utilizing 14C-Labeled Compounds to Ascertain Translocation and Fate. Predictive Relationships for the Translocation and Partitioning to Plant Tissues Were Developed from the Experimental Data. Translocation and Partitioning Relationships based on Compounds' Octanol- Water Partitioning Coefficients (100 K(Ow)) Produced the Best Results, But the Relationships Did Not Allow for Fully Accurate Prediction of Each Contaminant's …

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Optimum Control Of A Hybrid System For Seismic Excitations With State Observer Technique, Franklin Y. Cheng, Hongping Jiang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a theoretical study of a hybrid seismic response control system comprising a passive fluid viscous damper and an active control system with a hydraulic actuator and acceleration sensors. The analytical model of this system is derived in the discrete time domain with actuator and clamper dynamics considered. Based on digital control theory, a state observer is established for optimal control strategies of the hybrid system. This study shows that the hybrid system gains the advantages of both active and passive control techniques currently in vogue; and that, with the state observer technique, a seismic response control system …

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Urban And Environmental Planning In Nepal, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

This collection of essays deals with issues related to housing, and urban and environmental planning in Nepal. Specific focus is on the planning and environmental problems related to the towns of the Kathmandu Valley.

Nepal is facing several challenges in the areas of urban and environmental management and planning . Rapidly increasing population is exerting pressure in all aspects of urban infrastructure, services and housing. Traditional community support and planning systems are breaking apart due to several factors, such as changing societal values, urban consumption patterns and commercialization of traditionally household activities. On the other hand, Nepali society is not …

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Gaseous Cah Removal By Biofiltration In Presence And Absence Of A Nonionic Surfactant, J. O. Kim, Purush K. Terkonda, S. D. Lee

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The objectives of this study were to investigate the biodegradation of gaseous trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in an activated carbon biofilter inoculated with phenol-oxidizing microorganisms and to study the effect of surfactant concentration below its critical micelle concentration (CMC) on the removal efficiency of TCE or PCE. For the enhanced biofiltration, a biodegradable nonionic surfactant was added to biofilters. The investigation was conducted using two specially built stainless steel biofilters, one for TCE and the other for PCE. The removal efficiency of gaseous TCE was 100% at a residence time of 7 min and its average inlet concentration of …

Genetic Algorithm Development For Multiobjective Optimization Of Structures, Franklin Y. Cheng, Dan Li

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Genetic algorithms (GAs) have the characteristic of maintaing a population of solutions and can search in a parallel manner for many nondominated solutions. These features coincide with the requirement of seeking a Pareto optimal set in a multiobjective (multicriteria, vector) optimization problem. The retionale for multiobjective optimization via GAs is that at each generation, the fitness of each individual is defined according to its nondominated property. Because nondominated individuals are assigned the highest fitness values, the convergence of a population will go th the nondominated zone: the Pareto optimal set. Based on this concept, a Pareto, GA, whose goal is …

Multiple Objective Structural Optimization With Genetic Algorithm And Fuzzy Logic, Franklin Y. Cheng, Dan Li, Jeffrey J.F. Ger

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a constrained multiobjecthe optimzation method in the form of a robust, practical, problem-independent algorithm, and investigates the effect of multiobjective optimization on structural design. The study includes properties and characteristics of multiobjective optimization and solutions. Design objectives, constraints, and design variables as well as their effect on structural design and behavior are investigated. Fuzzy set theory is also included to construct a fuzzy constrained environment. Two new genetic algorithm operators — multiobjective fitness function and niche method -- are proposed. A new genetic algorithm process, Pareto set filter, is added to genetic algorithms. A 10-story setback building …

Evaluation Of Toxicity, Bioavailability And Speciation Of Lead, Zinc And Cadmium In Mine/Mill Wastewaters, Mujde Erten-Unal, Bobby G. Wixson, Nord L. Gale, Jerry L. Pitt

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The toxicity of common compounds of lead, cadmium and zinc was evaluated in waters similar to that found in the world's largest lead producing area in Missouri. Static, acute toxicity tests were performed using fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and water fleas (Daphnia magna) respectively. Test organisms were subjected to varying amounts of sulfide, carbonate, chloride and sulfate salts of lead, zinc and cadmium mixed in hard, alkaline waters typical to this region. Median lethal concentrations were calculated using nominal versus measured metal concentrations. Measured metal concentrations included four different metal fractionation (extraction/filtration) techniques at different pH levels which included "dissolved", …

Biological Fixed-Film Systems, Mark W. Fitch, Natalie Pearson, Gene Richards, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Natural Treatment And On-Site Processes, Kevin D. White, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Contribution Of Externally Bonded Frp To Shear Capacity Of Rc Flexural Members, Ahmed Khalifa, William J. Gold, Antonio Nanni, M. I. Abdel Aziz

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are continuing to show great promise for use in strengthening reinforced concrete structures. These materials are an excellent option for use as external reinforcing because of their light weight, resistance to corrosion, and high strength. Externally bonded FRP sheets have been used to increase moment capacity of flexural members and to improve confinement in compression members. Investigations into the use of externally bonded FRP sheets for shear strengthening have also been conducted and have been shown to be viable. The objectives of this study were to review the current research on shear strengthening with FRP …