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Articles 5401 - 5430 of 81010
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Analysis And Application Of The Offense-Defense Theory: Russia, Ukraine, And History., Kirby Ballard
Analysis And Application Of The Offense-Defense Theory: Russia, Ukraine, And History., Kirby Ballard
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses
Political scientists and government advisors have long sought to understand what influences conflicts and how to predict them. Despite constant war, a commonly used empirical theory that can answer this question has not emerged. The majority of theories created are either conflict-specific or not empirically testable. Considering these factors, I sought out a theory that would help me better understand Russia's choice to invade Ukraine in the spring of 2022. I selected the offense-defense theory due to its many attempts to explain territorial conquest, the likeliness of conflict, and overall losses. The main focus of the theory is to explain …
Alliances And Partnerships In A Complex And Challenging Security Environment, Regina Karp (Editor), Richard Maass (Editor)
Alliances And Partnerships In A Complex And Challenging Security Environment, Regina Karp (Editor), Richard Maass (Editor)
Political Science & Geography Faculty Books
This publication is a product of the Conference "Alliances and Partnerships in a Complex and Challenging Security Environment," organized by NATO Allied Command Transformation (ACT) and Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. The Conference, held in person on March 11-13, 2024, is part of a long-term cooperation among the two institutions, and it represents the eleventh iteration of ACT's Academic Conference series. The success of the event was due to the joint efforts of the two institutions, and the editors want to acknowledge ACT's Academic Outreach Team, in particular Dr. Vlasta Zekulic, Lieutenant Colonel Virginie Lotti, and Staff Officer Luisa …
Thrust Production And Chordal Flexion Of The Flukes Of Bottlenose Dolphins Performing Tail Stands At Different Efforts, David Kramer, Maura J. Sheehan, Frank E. Fish
Thrust Production And Chordal Flexion Of The Flukes Of Bottlenose Dolphins Performing Tail Stands At Different Efforts, David Kramer, Maura J. Sheehan, Frank E. Fish
Biology Faculty Publications
Dolphins have become famous for their ability to perform a wide variety of athletic and acrobatic behaviors including high-speed swimming, maneuverability, porpoising and tail stands. Tail stands are a behavior where part of the body is held vertically above the water's surface, achieved through thrust produced by horizontal tail fluke oscillations. Strong, efficient propulsors are needed to generate the force required to support the dolphin's body weight, exhibiting chordwise and spanwise flexibility throughout the stroke cycle. To determine how thrust production, fluke flexibility and tail stroke kinematics vary with effort, six adult bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) were tested at three …
Paulus Potter’S Punishment Of A Hunter: A Study In Cultural Shifts, Moderation And Class, Taylor Brown
Paulus Potter’S Punishment Of A Hunter: A Study In Cultural Shifts, Moderation And Class, Taylor Brown
Theses
This paper proposes a new reading of the painting Punishment of a Hunter (1647-1652) by Dutch painter Paulus Potter through the lens of its unique position in seventeenth-century Dutch art with regards to allegory, human and animal caricature, human nature, class, and the influence of economic growth and complexity of class in Amsterdam. The painting consists of fourteen individual vignettes on one panel of wood. Utilizing socio-economic, political, historical and formal analysis, this thesis proposes a reading of the painting. A total of five chapters, each addressing key themes of the painting, will contribute to my main thesis asserting that …
Emotion Regulation And Cheap Talk As Signaling Strategies: Evidence From Crowdfunding For Ukraine, Alexandra Fischmann, Larry Zhiming Xu
Emotion Regulation And Cheap Talk As Signaling Strategies: Evidence From Crowdfunding For Ukraine, Alexandra Fischmann, Larry Zhiming Xu
College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications
Crowdfunding, as enabled by donors worldwide, has played a critical role in financially supporting military forces, NGOs, humanitarian groups, and civilians in the Ukraine-Russia Crisis. This global mobilization underscores the evolving dynamics in the modern geopolitical landscape, emphasizing the transformative power of online collective action in fundraising and organizing. This study draws on signaling theory to pinpoint success indicators in crowdfunding for Ukraine projects on GoFundMe. Recognized as an effective explanatory framework, signaling theory is used as it bridges fundraising tactics with donation behavior in crowdfunding contexts. Particularly, the research examines how emotions and semantics contributed to (or hindered) fundraising …
Optimal Trajectory Solutions For Unmanned Pursuer/Evader Offensive Counterair Including Engagement Zone, Alexander Hansen
Optimal Trajectory Solutions For Unmanned Pursuer/Evader Offensive Counterair Including Engagement Zone, Alexander Hansen
Theses and Dissertations
This work considers a two-actor scenario of a faster, unmanned pursuer with an engagement zone (EZ) and a non-maneuvering mobile evader. The pursuer aims to capture an evader with a circular EZ. The EZ is dynamic and shifts as a function of the evader’s velocity vector. As the evader’s strategy changes, the EZ relative to the pursuer adjusts based on relative heading and speed of the two agents. Using nonlinear optimal control techniques, the optimal trajectory and minimum time to engage the evader are determined for various pursuer initial headings and positions through MATLAB simulation. The results build a control …
Expanding The Ban On Forced Arbitration To Race Claims, Michael Z. Green
Expanding The Ban On Forced Arbitration To Race Claims, Michael Z. Green
Faculty Scholarship
When Congress passed the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act (“EFASASHA”) in March 2022, it signaled a major retreat from the Supreme Court’s broad enforcement of agreements to force employees and consumers to arbitrate discrimination claims. But the failure to cover protected discriminatory classes other than sex, especially race, tempers any exuberance attributable to the passage of EFASASHA. This Article prescribes an approach for employees and consumers to rely upon EFASASHA as a tool to prevent both race and sex discrimination claims from being forced into arbitration by employers and companies. This approach relies upon procedural …
War Powers Reform: A Skeptical View, Matthew C. Waxman
War Powers Reform: A Skeptical View, Matthew C. Waxman
Faculty Scholarship
Debates about war powers focus too much on legal checks and on the President’s power to start wars. Congressional checks before and during crises work better than many reform-ists suppose, and there are ways to improve Congress’s political checking without substantial legal reform.
Assessing Victory: Did Different Measures Of Success Lead To An Extension Of The Vietnam War, Brian Althouse
Assessing Victory: Did Different Measures Of Success Lead To An Extension Of The Vietnam War, Brian Althouse
Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)
In his paper Exploring the Bargaining Model of War, Dan Reiter argues how “in some conflicts, militaries may have different measures of success; two opposing sides could conceivably observe the same battle outcome with both concluding that they were successful, coming no closer to agreement on the eventual outcome of the war” (Reiter 2003). Extrapolating on this point, he assesses how this theory could be one explanation for the Vietnam War. Reiter argues that within the conflict both US and North Vietnamese forces measured success through increases in enemy casualties, and that occurrence of combat and casualties on both sides …
Improving Rogue Radio Emitter Detection Using Siamese Networks, Mason Wright
Improving Rogue Radio Emitter Detection Using Siamese Networks, Mason Wright
Theses and Dissertations
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF) is the process of creating discerning signatures of emitted radio signals, most often with the goal of identifying specific devices again in the future. The security benefits of this task are intended to build upon current software-based authentication by making use of multi-factor authentication (MFA), but the related task of being able to reject unwanted emitters is limited. This paper presents a Siamese network trained on two different extracted fingerprints of raw Wi-Fi signals, along with a verifier to perform classification and rogue device detection. It was found that fingerprints using the Distortion Reconstruction (DR) technique …
Gamma Protection Factor For A Surrogate Armored Vehicle Exposed To The Us Army Fast Burst Reactor, Ian J. Poropat
Gamma Protection Factor For A Surrogate Armored Vehicle Exposed To The Us Army Fast Burst Reactor, Ian J. Poropat
Theses and Dissertations
This work measures the Gamma Protection Factor (GPF) of a steel cube, which is meant to serve as a surrogate for armored vehicles. The GPF is measured at the White Sands Missile Range Fast Burst Reactor (FBR) and is modeled using MCNP® v6.2 transport simulation software. When exposed to the FBR, the GPF is found to depend roughly linearly on the distance between the reactor core and steel cube. The GPF is determined to be 1.176 ± 0.00067 at 9.21 m, 1.098 ± 0.0011 at 26.16 m, and 1.033 ± 0.00082 at 42.92 m. MCNP® estimates the GPF for the …
Simulating Human-Autonomous Aircraft Teams In An Anti-Access Area Denial (A2ad) Environment, Michael Kaminski
Simulating Human-Autonomous Aircraft Teams In An Anti-Access Area Denial (A2ad) Environment, Michael Kaminski
Theses and Dissertations
The role of autonomy has evolved recently, demanding tighter integration between human and autonomous systems, particularly in highly contested A2AD environments. Near-peer adversaries have modernized their integrated air defense systems (IADS), diminishing the current advantages of the United States Air Force. To regain air dominance, efforts like the Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program are underway, aiming to deploy unmanned autonomous alongside manned next-generation fighter aircraft. This research assesses various operational concepts, focusing on autonomous tactics post-manned fighter loss, strike timing of independent teams, and weapon configuration observability. Using the Advanced Framework for Simulation, Integration and Modeling (AFSIM), an agent-based model …
A Reinforcement Learning Self-Play Approach For Informing Wargaming Analysis & Development, Kathleen A. Maclean
A Reinforcement Learning Self-Play Approach For Informing Wargaming Analysis & Development, Kathleen A. Maclean
Theses and Dissertations
The integration of RL into wargames to learn strategic and operational insights is of interest to the United States Air Force. This thesis explores the application of a RL SARSA(λ) algorithm to the wargame Stratagem MIST. The primary objective is to select air and ground combat policies for the Blue Agent to effectively counter various opponent strategies across different terrains. This testing enables a comprehensive evaluation of the Blue Agent’s adaptability and performance under varying combat conditions. The use of basis functions, linear value function approximations, and specific air and ground strategies simplifies the state and action spaces of the …
Cost Estimating Relationships For Avionics Recurring Production Box Costs, Carla J. Cisneros
Cost Estimating Relationships For Avionics Recurring Production Box Costs, Carla J. Cisneros
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigates a dataset of 286 Department of Defense (DoD) avionics boxes, employing regression methods to establish seven cost estimation relationships (CERs) for predicting avionics recurring production box costs. Not confined to T100 costs, three baseline models use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) T100 cost, explaining 83%, 86%, and 83% of dataset variation. Additionally, four robust models depict mean and median, T100 OLS, and T100 non-linear learning curves, explaining 67%, 65%, 97%, and 87% of the variation. These models strike a balance between simple baseline and overly complex computational models. Identified cost drivers include weight, year of first flight, volume, …
An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers, John C. Gillispie
An Introduction Of Adaptive Training Aid Concepts And Its Application To Accelerated Training For Air Battle Managers, John C. Gillispie
Theses and Dissertations
Over the years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) to enable autonomous systems has undergone transformative shifts in the Department of Defense (DoD), revolutionizing capabilities and strategic approaches. To further optimize these advancements, varying levels of autonomy have been introduced across critical military applications, spanning intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), air battle management, and offensive/defensive air operations. As the technological landscape expands, so do the opportunities for autonomy to augment operations through human-agent teaming. Within the Air Force, one notably cognitively demanding role that stands to benefit from these strides is that of the Air Battle Manager (ABM). In support of …
A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises, Sean R. Mccarty
A Framework For Dynamic Combat Support Exercises, Sean R. Mccarty
Theses and Dissertations
Future armed conflict will be characterized by the unknown as adversaries innovate and evolve—surprise is inevitable. Current exercises provide inadequate opportunities for combat support forces to develop improvisational skills. This research proposes an extensible framework for human-in-the-loop control of exercises using a graph network for modeling combined with topological analysis and the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. This framework is assessed using the United States Air Force Silver Flag exercise as a case study with promising results.
A Model-Based And System-Theoretic Approach To Design Advanced Autonomy For Air Dominance Missions: A Loyal Wingman Case Study, Elizabeth S. Pennington
A Model-Based And System-Theoretic Approach To Design Advanced Autonomy For Air Dominance Missions: A Loyal Wingman Case Study, Elizabeth S. Pennington
Theses and Dissertations
In contested air environments, safe coordination between decision-makers is paramount. Although the Department of Defense (DoD) prioritizes the development of Artificially Intelligent (AI) wingmen for air combat, a lack of methodology exists to design safe, holistic coordination between human and autonomous wingmen in the same environment. This thesis delivers a framework using Systems Theoretic Process Analysis Extended for Coordination (STPA-Coord) to analyze and design holistic coordination for the Loyal Wingman concept in an Air Dominance mission. STPA-Coord is a safety and hazard analysis process that uses Systems Theory to analyze and design coordination between decisionmakers in a system-of-systems architecture. Using …
Navigating Model-Based Systems Engineering (Mbse) Transition In The Department Of Defense (Dod): A Capability-Based Assessment (Cba) Use Case, Emily M. Tritschler
Navigating Model-Based Systems Engineering (Mbse) Transition In The Department Of Defense (Dod): A Capability-Based Assessment (Cba) Use Case, Emily M. Tritschler
Theses and Dissertations
The Department of Defense (DOD) wants to implement Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) to accelerate and improve the acquisition process of increasingly complex systems. However, the department has not provided the necessary guidance on how to fully implement MBSE into our systems. This provided the following research opportunity: select a common DOD process, create an MBSE methodology, generate a model in accordance with that developed method, record the cost of modeling, and interview the model recipients to characterize their opinions on the investment. The research created a twelve-step methodology for application towards the gap analysis and characterization phase of a Capability-Based …
Deploying Field-Capable Genome Sequencing: Human Performance Considerations Under Various Personal Protective Equipment Ensembles, Steven A. Torres
Deploying Field-Capable Genome Sequencing: Human Performance Considerations Under Various Personal Protective Equipment Ensembles, Steven A. Torres
Theses and Dissertations
Field-portable genome sequencing enhances the Department of Defense's strategy for detecting biological threats, particularly in resource-limited environments. While current field-capable detection methods are effective, challenges in identifying emerging threats pose risks to personnel safety. As biotechnological advancements like portable nanopore genome sequencing can advance biological detection capabilities, the viability of conducting laboratory tasks under Mission-Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) ensembles lacks sufficient data. This research assesses the effectiveness of tools like pipettes, centrifuges, vortexes, and nanopore sequencing within a MOPP ensemble. Novice participants were utilized to explore the extension of this capability, and they completed tasks in three conditions: Fatigues, Laboratory …
Culture, Politics, And Economics: Alcohol And The Dynamic Social Environment Of Celtic Europe, Trevor Davidson
Culture, Politics, And Economics: Alcohol And The Dynamic Social Environment Of Celtic Europe, Trevor Davidson
Undergraduate Student Work
Celtic culture in Iron Age Europe set the stage for many modern European nations and their cultural geographies. This paper seeks to question the connection between historical accounts of Celtic culture and the production and consumption of alcohol. In particular, the interactions between alcohol and the cultural, economic, and political of Celtic Age European populations is explored through modern archaeological sciences and geographic interpretation. From this research, a clear connection between regional environments and trends of alcohol production, trade, and flavor preference is demonstrated from thematic artifacts and bioarchaeological remains. Interactions between the southern Celtic tribes and Mediterranean cultures is …
Wavelength-Induced Shedding Frequency Modulation Of Seal Whisker Inspired Cylinders, Trevor Dunt, Kirby S. Heck, Kathleen Lyons, Christin Murphy, Raul Bayoan Cal, Jennifer A. Franck
Wavelength-Induced Shedding Frequency Modulation Of Seal Whisker Inspired Cylinders, Trevor Dunt, Kirby S. Heck, Kathleen Lyons, Christin Murphy, Raul Bayoan Cal, Jennifer A. Franck
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
The spanwise undulated cylinder geometry inspired by seal whiskers has been shown to alter shedding frequency and reduce fluid forces significantly compared to smooth cylindrical geometry. Undulation wavelength is systematically investigated in order to explore its effect on unsteady lift force and shedding frequency. Prior research has parameterized the whisker-inspired geometry and demonstrated the relevance of geometric variations on force reduction properties. Among the geometric parameters, undulation wavelength was identified as a significant contributor to forcing changes. To analyze the effect of undulation wavelength, a thorough investigation isolating changes in wavelength is performed to expand upon previous research that parameterized …
State Institutions In Northeast Thailand: Lao Ethnics And The Thai Identity, Jacob Ricks
State Institutions In Northeast Thailand: Lao Ethnics And The Thai Identity, Jacob Ricks
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In this last chapter on state representation, we focus on a case where there has been an absence of demands. In Northeast Thailand, the large ethnic Lao population has not demanded cultural concessions from the state. In fact, not only have the demands been absent, but most people in the region see themselves as Thai (the broader national identity) or Isan (a moniker meaning “northeast”)—as opposed to ethnically Lao. The absence of the Lao identity has less to do with the absence of civic associations from the bottom up than with the absence of political representation from the top down. …
Social Identity And Self Determination: A Case Study Exploring What American Indian Elders' Perspectives Of Residential Boarding Schools Tell Us About The Lasting Effect Of Historical And Intergenerational Trauma, Jessica Boyer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Historically, American Indian youth have faced educational challenges due to the lack of American Indian perspective in history, culture, and knowledge in public education. Distrust in public education due to Eurocentric educational policy, addressed in this study that provides American Indian elders' experiences for finding solutions to self-identity for American Indian youth. Investigating the historical trauma barriers further addressed implications on the high-school retention of American Indian students. This qualitative case study involved a group of 10 elders, both men and women, who self-identify as Little Shell Chippewa American Indian Elders. Through semistructured interviews, the results of this study spoke …
Vista: February 29, 2024, University Of San Diego
Vista: February 29, 2024, University Of San Diego
USD Vista (1965-)
No abstract provided.
The Weekly Challenger, February 29, 2024, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al
The Weekly Challenger, February 29, 2024, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al
Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection
The February 29, 2024, issue of The Weekly Challenger.
Improving Self-Efficacy In Flight Nurse Practitioners In Preparation For The Role Of The Law Enforcement Tactical Nurse Practitioner, Gregory S. Wamack
Improving Self-Efficacy In Flight Nurse Practitioners In Preparation For The Role Of The Law Enforcement Tactical Nurse Practitioner, Gregory S. Wamack
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Current evidence demonstrates that the number of prehospital nurse practitioners working in both civilian and military settings is growing. Additional training beyond the formal nurse practitioner curriculum is necessary to increase the self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills of the nurse practitioner for operational battlefield conditions in far-forward austere and tactical settings. Evidence also demonstrates that the Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TC3) course is the national standard for tactical care and training for all health care providers. The purpose of this evidence-based pilot study was to increase the tactical self-efficacy of the United States based nontactical civilian highly trained and skilled flight …
Healing And Connectedness At Akhiok Kids Camp, Speridon Simeonoff Sr., Judy Simeonoff, Teacon Simeonoff, Speridon Simeonoff Jr., Sven Haakanson Jr., Cheri Simeonoff, Balika Haakanson, Leilani Sabzalian
Healing And Connectedness At Akhiok Kids Camp, Speridon Simeonoff Sr., Judy Simeonoff, Teacon Simeonoff, Speridon Simeonoff Jr., Sven Haakanson Jr., Cheri Simeonoff, Balika Haakanson, Leilani Sabzalian
The Rural Educator
Each August, Sugpiaq Elders, community members, and educators gather in Cape Alitak to host Akhiok Kids Camp, a week-long culture camp that provides a space for local Sugpiaq youth to learn and carry forward traditional lifeways and promotes youth’s self-esteem, identity, and healthy choices. This article traces the legacy of the camp and outlines its ongoing vision and curriculum, including the Indigenous values and principles of education that guide camp activities. Of particular focus is the role of camp in fostering Sugpiaq youth’s sense of connectedness to their homelands, waters, community, and culture, a focus that promotes healing, cultural resurgence, …
Blockchain Applications In Higher Education Based On The Nist Cybersecurity Framework, Brady Lund Ph.D.
Blockchain Applications In Higher Education Based On The Nist Cybersecurity Framework, Brady Lund Ph.D.
Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice
This paper investigates the integration of blockchain technology into core systems within institutions of higher education, utilizing the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework as a guiding framework. It supplies definitions of key terminology including blockchain, consensus mechanisms, decentralized identity, and smart contracts, and examines the application of secure blockchain across various educational functions such as enrollment management, degree auditing, and award processing. Each facet of the NIST Framework is utilized to explore the integration of blockchain technology and address persistent security concerns. The paper contributes to the literature by defining blockchain technology applications and opportunities within …
The Significance Of Moral Agency For Socioeconomic Justice And Its Absence In Islamic Economics And Finance, Omar Javaid
The Significance Of Moral Agency For Socioeconomic Justice And Its Absence In Islamic Economics And Finance, Omar Javaid
Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics
The paper attempts to build a case for the moral agency of individuals operating within organic social networks – in contrast to the impersonal nature of financial institutions – as a necessary medium for practicing Islamic economic principles, for the goal of achieving socioeconomic justice in society. Through comparative analysis, the paper argues that the modern institutional framework due to its impersonal nature, capitalist orientation, agency cost, and socially disintegrative nature is not a suitable medium for advancing the agenda of Islamic economics. A market environment where individuals exercise their moral agency to the fullest is perhaps necessary. To make …
Caging The Bored Ape: How The Ftc's Expanded Anti-Monopoly Authority Can Tame "Nfts" For Web 3.0, J. Scott Colesanti
Caging The Bored Ape: How The Ftc's Expanded Anti-Monopoly Authority Can Tame "Nfts" For Web 3.0, J. Scott Colesanti
Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship
Non-Fungible Tokens, or "NFTs," ballooned into a 40-billion-dollar industry in under a decade. Their creators include artists, corporations, entrepreneurs, fraudsters--and even Donald Trump. While NFT owners and traders could be any of us, the parties running the marketplaces are hidden. NFT regulators have yet to be identified. Most alarmingly, the dominant NFT marketplaces are dangerously centralized. Accordingly, the publicized tales of exorbitant or manipulated NFT prices and frequent related scams abound. Meanwhile cryptocurrency--the technology enabling the life of an NFT--remains beset with, at best, theoretical models for effective regulation a full generation after its emergence. To propose a rational start …